40 C.F.R. § 49.162
(b)
Definitions for the purposes of this permit by rule—
(1)
Adhesion promoter means a coating, which is labeled and formulated to be applied to uncoated plastic surfaces to facilitate bonding of subsequent coatings, and on which, a subsequent coating is applied.
(2)
Airless and air-assisted airless spray— mean any paint spray technology that relies solely on the fluid pressure of the paint to create an atomized paint spray pattern and does not apply any atomizing compressed air to the paint before it leaves the paint nozzle. Air-assisted airless spray uses compressed air to shape and distribute the fan of atomized paint, but still uses fluid pressure to create the atomized paint.
(3)
Cause means with respect to the reviewing authority's ability to terminate a permitted source's coverage under a permit by rule that:
(i)
The permittee is not in compliance with the provisions of this permit by rule;
(ii)
The reviewing authority determines that the emissions resulting from the construction or modification of the permitted source significantly contribute to NAAQS violations, which are not adequately addressed by the requirements in this permit by rule;
(iii)
The reviewing authority has reason to believe that the permittee obtained coverage under the permit by rule by fraud or misrepresentation; or
(iv)
The permittee failed to disclose a material fact required by the Notification of Coverage or the requirements applicable to the permitted source of which the applicant had or should have had knowledge at the time the permittee submitted the Notification of Coverage.
(4)
Clear coating means any coating that contains no pigments and is labeled and formulated for application over a color coating or clear coating.
(5)
Cold cleaning solvent makeup means the gallons of gross cold cleaning solvent usage minus the gallons of solvent disposed of as waste solvent.
(6)
Construction means any physical change or change in the method of operation including fabrication, erection, installation, demolition, or modification of an affected emissions unit that would result in a change of emissions.
(7)
Color coating means any pigmented coating, excluding adhesion promoters, primers, and multi-color coatings, that requires a subsequent clear coating and which is applied over a primer or adhesion promoter. Color coatings include metallic/iridescent color coatings.
(8)
Electrostatic application means any method of coating application where an electrostatic attraction is created between the part to be coated and the atomized paint particles.
(9)
Freeboard area means the air space in a batch-loaded cold cleaner that extends from the liquid surface to the top of the tank.
(10)
Freeboard height means the distance from the top of the solvent to the top of the tank for batch-loaded cold cleaners.
(11)
Freeboard ratio means the ratio of the solvent cleaning machine freeboard height to the smaller interior dimension (length, width, or diameter) of the solvent cleaning machine.
(12)
Halogenated Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP) solvent means— methylene chloride (CAS No. 75-09-2), perchloroethylene (CAS No. 127-18-4), trichloroethylene (CAS No. 79-01-6), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (CAS No. 71-55-6), carbon tetrachloride (CAS No. 56-23-5), and/or chloroform (CAS No. 67-66-3).
(13)
High-volume, low-pressure (HVLP) spray equipment means spray equipment that is permanently labeled as such and used to apply any coating by means of a spray gun which is designed and operated between 0.1 and 10 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) air atomizing pressure measured dynamically at the center of the air cap and at the air horns.
(14)
Liquid leak means a VOC-containing liquid leak from the degreaser at a rate of three drops per minute or more or any visible liquid mist.
(15)
Multi-color coating means any coating that exhibits more than one color in the dried film after a single application, is packaged in a single container, and hides surface defects on areas of heavy use, and which is applied over a primer or adhesion promoter.
(16)
Notification of Coverage means the permit notification that contains all the information required in the standard notification form for this permit by rule.
(17)
One-component coating means a coating that is ready for application as it comes out of its container to form an acceptable dry film. A thinner necessary to reduce the viscosity is not considered a component.
(18)
Permittee means the owner or operator of a permitted source.
(19)
Permitted source means each auto body repair and miscellaneous surface coating operation for which a source submits a complete Notification of Coverage.
(20)
Pretreatment coating means any coating that contains a minimum of one-half (0.5) percent acid by weight and not more than 16 percent solids by weight necessary to provide surface etching and is labeled and formulated for application directly to bare metal surfaces to provide corrosion resistance and adhesion.
(21)
Primer means any coating, which is labeled and formulated for application to a substrate to provide:
(i)
A bond between the substrate and subsequent coats;
(ii)
Corrosion resistance;
(iii)
A smooth substrate surface; or
(iv)
Resistance to penetration of subsequent coats, and on which a subsequent coating is applied. Primers may be pigmented.
(22)
Responsible official means one of the following:
(i)
For a corporation— A president, secretary, treasurer, or vice-president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-making functions for the corporation, or a duly authorized representative of such person if the representative is directly responsible for the overall operation of the permitted source.
(ii)
For a partnership or sole proprietorship— A general partner or the proprietor, respectively.
(iii)
For a public agency— Either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official, such as a chief executive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency.
(23)
Single-stage coating means any pigmented automotive coating, (excluding automotive adhesion promoters, primers and multi-color coatings), specifically labeled and formulated for application without a subsequent clear coating and that are applied over an adhesion promoter, a primer, or a color coating. Single-stage coatings include single-stage metallic/iridescent coatings.
(24)
Spray-applied coating operations means coatings that are applied using a hand-held device that creates an atomized mist of coating and deposits the coating on a substrate. For the purposes of this permit by rule, spray-applied coatings do not include the following materials or activities:
(i)
Coatings applied from a hand-held device with a paint cup capacity that is equal to or less than 3.0 fluid ounces (89 cc).
(ii)
Surface coating application using powder coating, hand-held, non-refillable aerosol containers, or non-atomizing application technology, including, but not limited to, paint brushes, rollers, hand wiping, flow coating, dip coating, electro deposition coating, web coating, coil coating, touch-up markers, or marking pens.
(iii)
Thermal spray operations (also known as metalizing, flame spray, plasma arc spray, and electric arc spray, among other names) in which solid metallic or non-metallic material is heated to a molten or semi-molten state and propelled to the work piece or substrate by compressed air or other gas, where a bond is produced upon impact.
(25)
Temporary protective coating means any coating which is labeled and formulated for the purpose of temporarily protecting areas from overspray or mechanical damage.
(26)
Tire retread adhesive means— any adhesive to be applied to the back of pre-cured tread rubber and to the casing and cushion rubber, or to be used to seal buffed tire casings to prevent oxidation while the tire is being prepared for a new tread.
(27)
Truck bed liner— coating means any coating, excluding color, multi-color, and single stage coatings, labeled and formulated for application to a truck bed to protect it from surface abrasion.
(28)
Two-component coating means a coating requiring the addition of a separate reactive resin, commonly known as a catalyst, before application to form an acceptable dry film.
(29)
Underbody coating means any coating labeled and formulated for application to wheel wells, the inside of door panels or fenders, the underside of a trunk or hood, or the underside of the motor vehicle.
(30)
Uniform finish coating means any coating labeled and formulated for application to the area around a spot repair for the purpose of blending a repaired area's color or clear coat to match the appearance of an adjacent area's existing coating.
(31)
Volatile organic compounds or VOC means any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, and ammonium carbonate, which participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions. This does not include the compounds listed in
40 CFR 51.100(s)(1).
(e)
Standards for batch-loaded cold cleaner degreasers.
(1)
Each degreaser shall be operated in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications and shall be used with tightly fitting covers that are free of cracks, holes, or other defects. In addition, the cover shall be closed at all times when the degreaser contains solvent, except during parts entry and removal or performing maintenance or monitoring that requires the removal of the cover.
(2)
The solvent container shall be free of all liquid leaks. Auxiliary degreaser equipment, such as pumps, water separators, steam traps, or distillation units, shall not have any liquid leaks, visible tears, or cracks. In addition, any liquid leak, visible tear, or crack detected pursuant to the provisions of this condition shall be repaired within 48 hours, or the degreaser shall be drained of all solvent and shut down until replaced or repaired.
(3)
All waste solvents shall be stored in properly identified and sealed containers. All associated pressure relief devices shall not allow liquid solvents to drain out.
(4)
Solvent flow cleaning shall be done within the freeboard area, and shall be done by a liquid stream rather than a fine, atomized, or shower-type spray. Solvent flow shall be directed downward to avoid turbulence at the air-solvent interface and to prevent liquid solvent from splashing outside of the degreaser.
(5)
Degreasing of porous or absorbent materials, such as cloth, leather, wood, or rope is prohibited.
(6)
Workspace and ventilation fans shall not be positioned in such a way as to direct airflow near the degreaser openings.
(7)
Spills during solvent transfer shall be wiped up immediately and the used wipe rags shall be stored in closed containers that are handled in accordance with
paragraph (e)(3) of this section.
(8)
Solvent levels shall not exceed the fill line.
(9)
The parts to be cleaned shall be racked in a manner that will minimize the drag-out losses.
(10)
The freeboard ratio shall be 0.75 or greater. Parts shall be drained immediately after the cleaning until at least 15 seconds have elapsed; or dripping of solvent ceases; or the parts become visibly dry. Parts with blind holes or cavities shall be tipped or rotated before being removed from a degreaser, such that the solvents in the blind holes or cavities are drained in accordance with the above requirements.
(11)
Draining or filling of solvent containers shall be performed beneath the liquid solvent surface.
(12)
Solvent agitation, where necessary, shall be carried out only by pump recirculation, ultrasonics, a mixer, or by air agitation. Air agitation shall be accomplished under the following conditions:
(i)
The air agitation unit shall be equipped with a gauge and a device that limits air pressure into the degreaser to less than two pounds per square inch gauge;
(ii)
The cover must remain closed while the air agitation system is in operation; and
(iii)
Pump circulation shall be performed without causing splashing.
(13)
Airless/Air-tight Cleaning System Requirements— In lieu of meeting the requirements of
paragraphs (e)(1) through (12) of this section, the permittee may use an airless/air-tight batch cleaning system provided that all of the following applicable requirements are met:
(i)
The equipment is operated in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications and operated with a door or other pressure sealing apparatus that is in place during all cleaning and drying cycles.
(ii)
All waste solvents are stored in properly identified and sealed containers.
(iii)
All associated pressure relief devices shall not allow liquid solvents to drain out.
(iv)
Spills during solvent transfer shall be wiped up immediately, and the used wipe rags shall be stored in closed containers that are handled in accordance with
paragraph (e)(3) of this section.
(v)
The equipment is maintained in a vapor-tight, leak-free condition and any leak is a violation.
Notes, amendments, and revision history
Amendments
[80 FR 25091, May 1, 2015, as amended at 84 FR 44227, Aug. 23, 2019]
Source
Source: 76 FR 38788, July 1, 2011, unless otherwise noted.
Source
Source: 70 FR 18095, Apr. 8, 2005, unless otherwise noted.
Authority
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.
Source
Source: 63 FR 7271, Feb. 12, 1998, unless otherwise noted.
Amendments
[80 FR 25091, May 1, 2015, as amended at 84 FR 44227, Aug. 23, 2019]