Title V — Committee on Energy and Natural Resources

119th Congress · Approved Jul 4, 2025 · 139 Stat. 72

TITLE V Committee on Energy and Natural Resources

Subtitle A Oil and Gas Leasing

SEC. 50101. Onshore Oil and Gas Leasing.

(a)

Repeal of Inflation Reduction Act Provisions.—

(1)

Onshore oil and gas royalty rates.— Subsection (a) of section 50262 of Public Law 117–169 (136 Stat. 2056) is repealed, and any provision of law amended or repealed by that subsection is restored or revived as if that subsection had not been enacted into law.

(2)

Noncompetitive leasing.— Subsection (e) of section 50262 of Public Law 117–169 (136 Stat. 2057) is repealed, and any provision of law amended or repealed by that subsection is restored or revived as if that subsection had not been enacted into law.

(b)

Requirement to Immediately Resume Onshore Oil and Gas Lease Sales.—

(1)

In general.— The Secretary of the Interior shall immediately resume quarterly onshore oil and gas lease sales in compliance with the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.).

(2)

Requirement.— The Secretary of the Interior shall ensure—

(A)

that any oil and gas lease sale required under paragraph (1) is conducted immediately on completion of all applicable scoping, public comment, and environmental analysis requirements under the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) and the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.); and

(B)

that the processes described in subparagraph (A) are conducted in a timely manner to ensure compliance with subsection (b)(1).

(3)

Lease of oil and gas lands.— Section 17(b)(1)(A) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(b)(1)(A)), as amended by subsection (a), is amended by inserting “ For purposes of the previous sentence, the term ‘eligible lands’ means all lands that are subject to leasing under this Act and are not excluded from leasing by a statutory prohibition, and the term ‘available’, with respect to eligible lands, means those lands that have been designated as open for leasing under a land use plan developed under section 202 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1712) and that have been nominated for leasing through the submission of an expression of interest, are subject to drainage in the absence of leasing, or are otherwise designated as available pursuant to regulations adopted by the Secretary.” after “ sales are necessary.”.

(c)

Quarterly Lease Sales.—

(1)

In general.— In accordance with the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.), each fiscal year, the Secretary of the Interior shall conduct a minimum of 4 oil and gas lease sales of available land in each of the following States:

(A)

Wyoming.

(B)

New Mexico.

(C)

Colorado.

(D)

Utah.

(E)

Montana.

(F)

North Dakota.

(G)

Oklahoma.

(H)

Nevada.

(I)

Alaska.

(2)

Requirement.— In conducting a lease sale under paragraph (1) in a State described in that paragraph, the Secretary of the Interior—

(A)

shall offer not less than 50 percent of available parcels nominated for oil and gas development under the applicable resource management plan in effect for relevant Bureau of Land Management resource management areas within the applicable State; and

(B)

shall not restrict the parcels offered to 1 Bureau of Land Management field office within the applicable State unless all nominated parcels are located within the same Bureau of Land Management field office.

(3)

Replacement sales.— The Secretary of the Interior shall conduct a replacement sale during the same fiscal year if—

(A)

a lease sale under paragraph (1) is canceled, delayed, or deferred, including for a lack of eligible parcels; or

(B)

during a lease sale under paragraph (1) the percentage of acreage that does not receive a bid is equal to or greater than 25 percent of the acreage offered.

(d)

Mineral Leasing Act Reforms.— Section 17 of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226), as amended by subsection (a), is amended—

(1)

by striking the section designation and all that follows through the end of subsection (a) and inserting the following:

“SEC. 17. LEASING OF OIL AND GAS PARCELS.

“(a) Leasing Authorized.—

“(1) In general.—Any parcel of land subject to disposition under this Act that is known or believed to contain oil or gas deposits shall be made available for leasing, subject to paragraph (2), by the Secretary of the Interior, not later than 18 months after the date of receipt by the Secretary of an expression of interest in leasing the applicable parcel of land available for disposition under this section, if the Secretary determines that the parcel of land is open to oil or gas leasing under the approved resource management plan applicable to the planning area in which the parcel of land is located that is in effect on the date on which the expression of interest was submitted to the Secretary (referred to in this subsection as the ‘approved resource management plan’).

“(2) Resource management plans.—

“(A) Lease terms and conditions.—A lease issued by the Secretary under this section with respect to an applicable parcel of land made available for leasing under paragraph (1)—

“(i) shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the approved resource management plan; and

“(ii) may not require any stipulations or mitigation requirements not included in the approved resource management plan.

“(B) Effect of amendment.—The initiation of an amendment to an approved resource management plan shall not prevent or delay the Secretary from making the applicable parcel of land available for leasing in accordance with that approved resource management plan if the other requirements of this section have been met, as determined by the Secretary.”

(2)

in subsection (p), by adding at the end the following:

“(4) Term.—A permit to drill approved under this subsection shall be valid for a single, non-renewable 4-year period beginning on the date that the permit to drill is approved.”

; and

(3)

by striking subsection (q) and inserting the following:

“(q) Commingling of Production.—The Secretary of the Interior shall approve applications allowing for the commingling of production from 2 or more sources (including the area of an oil and gas lease, the area included in a drilling spacing unit, a unit participating area, a communitized area, or non-Federal property) before production reaches the point of royalty measurement regardless of ownership, the royalty rates, and the number or percentage of acres for each source if the applicant agrees to install measurement devices for each source, utilize an allocation method that achieves volume measurement uncertainty levels within plus or minus 2 percent during the production phase reported on a monthly basis, or utilize an approved periodic well testing methodology. Production from multiple oil and gas leases, drilling spacing units, communitized areas, or participating areas from a single wellbore shall be considered a single source. Nothing in this subsection shall prevent the Secretary of the Interior from continuing the current practice of exercising discretion to authorize higher percentage volume measurement uncertainty levels if appropriate technical and economic justifications have been provided.”

SEC. 50102. Offshore Oil and Gas Leasing.

(a)

Lease Sales.—

(1)

Gulf of america region.—

(A)

In general.— Notwithstanding the 2024–2029 National Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Leasing Program (and any successor leasing program that does not satisfy the requirements of this section), in addition to lease sales which may be held under that program, and except within areas subject to existing oil and gas leasing moratoria, the Secretary of the Interior shall conduct a minimum of 30 region-wide oil and gas lease sales, in a manner consistent with the schedule described in subparagraph (B), in the region identified in the map depicting lease terms and economic conditions accompanying the final notice of sale of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management entitled “Gulf of Mexico Outer Continental Shelf Region-Wide Oil and Gas Lease Sale 254” (85 Fed. Reg. 8010 (February 12, 2020)).

(B)

Timing requirement.— Of the not fewer than 30 region-wide lease sales required under this paragraph, the Secretary of the Interior shall—

(i)

hold not fewer than 1 lease sale in the region described in subparagraph (A) by December 15, 2025;

(ii)

hold not fewer than 2 lease sales in that region in each of calendar years 2026 through 2039, 1 of which shall be held by March 15 of the applicable calendar year and 1 of which shall be held after March 15 but not later than August 15 of the applicable calendar year; and

(iii)

hold not fewer than 1 lease sale in that region in calendar year 2040, which shall be held by March 15, 2040.

(2)

Alaska region.—

(A)

In general.— The Secretary of the Interior shall conduct a minimum of 6 offshore lease sales, in a manner consistent with the schedule described in subparagraph (B), in the Cook Inlet Planning Area as identified in the 2017–2022 Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Leasing Proposed Final Program published on November 18, 2016, by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (as announced in the notice of availability of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management entitled “Notice of Availability of the 2017–2022 Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Leasing Proposed Final Program” (81 Fed. Reg. 84612 (November 23, 2016))).

(B)

Timing requirement.— Of the not fewer than 6 lease sales required under this paragraph, the Secretary of the Interior shall hold not fewer than 1 lease sale in the area described in subparagraph (A) in each of calendar years 2026 through 2028, and in each of calendar years 2030 through 2032, by March 15 of the applicable calendar year.

(b)

Requirements.—

(1)

Terms and stipulations for gulf of america sales.— In conducting lease sales under subsection (a)(1), the Secretary of the Interior—

(A)

shall, subject to subparagraph (C), offer the same lease form, lease terms, economic conditions, and lease stipulations 4 through 9 as contained in the final notice of sale of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management entitled “Gulf of Mexico Outer Continental Shelf Region-Wide Oil and Gas Lease Sale 254” (85 Fed. Reg. 8010 (February 12, 2020));

(B)

may update lease stipulations 1 through 3 and 10 described in that final notice of sale to reflect current conditions for lease sales conducted under subsection (a)(1);

(C)

shall set the royalty rate at not less than 12½ percent but not greater than 16⅔ percent; and

(D)

shall, for a lease in water depths of 800 meters or deeper issued as a result of a sale, set the primary term for 10 years.

(2)

Terms and stipulations for alaska region sales.—

(A)

In general.— In conducting lease sales under subsection (a)(2), the Secretary of the Interior shall offer the same lease form, lease terms, economic conditions, and stipulations as contained in the final notice of sale of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management entitled “Cook Inlet Planning Area Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Lease Sale 244” (82 Fed. Reg. 23291 (May 22, 2017)).

(B)

Revenue sharing.— Notwithstanding section 8(g) and section 9 of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1337(g), 1338), and beginning in fiscal year 2034, of the bonuses, rents, royalties, and other revenues derived from lease sales conducted under subsection (a)(2)—

(i)

70 percent shall be paid to the State of Alaska; and

(ii)

30 percent shall be deposited in the Treasury and credited to miscellaneous receipts.

(3)

Area offered for lease.—

(A)

Gulf of america region.— For each offshore lease sale conducted under subsection (a)(1), the Secretary of the Interior shall—

(i)

offer not fewer than 80,000,000 acres; or

(ii)

if there are fewer than 80,000,000 acres that are unleased and available, offer all unleased and available acres.

(B)

Alaska region.— For each offshore lease sale conducted under subsection (a)(2), the Secretary of the Interior shall—

(i)

offer not fewer than 1,000,000 acres; or

(ii)

if there are fewer than 1,000,000 acres that are unleased and available, offer all unleased and available acres.

(c)

Offshore Commingling.— The Secretary of the Interior shall approve a request of an operator to commingle oil or gas production from multiple reservoirs within a single wellbore completed on the outer Continental Shelf in the Gulf of America Region unless the Secretary of the Interior determines that conclusive evidence establishes that the commingling—

(1)

could not be conducted by the operator in a safe manner; or

(2)

would result in an ultimate recovery from the applicable reservoirs to be reduced in comparison to the expected recovery of those reservoirs if they had not been commingled.

(d)

Offshore Oil and Gas Royalty Rate.—

(1)

Repeal.— Section 50261 of Public Law 117–169 (136 Stat. 2056) is repealed, and any provision of law amended or repealed by that section is restored or revived as if that section had not been enacted into law.

(2)

Royalty rate.— Section 8(a)(1) of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1337(a)(1)) (as amended by paragraph (1)) is amended—

(A)

in subparagraph (A), by striking “ not less than 12½ per centum” and inserting “ not less than 12½ percent, but not more than 16⅔ percent,”;

(B)

in subparagraph (C), by striking “ not less than 12½ per centum” and inserting “ not less than 12½ percent, but not more than 16⅔ percent,”;

(C)

in subparagraph (F), by striking “ no less than 12½ per centum” and inserting “ not less than 12½ percent, but not more than 16⅔ percent,”; and

(D)

in subparagraph (H), by striking “ no less than 12 and ½ per centum” and inserting “ not less than 12½ percent, but not more than 16⅔ percent,”.

(e)

Limitations on Amount of Distributed Qualified Outer Continental Shelf Revenues.— Section 105(f)(1) of the Gulf of Mexico Energy Security Act of 2006 (43 U.S.C. 1331 note; Public Law 109–432) is amended—

(1)

in subparagraph (B), by striking “ and” at the end;

(2)

in subparagraph (C), by striking “ 2055.” and inserting “ 2024;”; and

(3)

by adding at the end the following:

“(D) $650,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2034; and

“(E) $500,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2035 through 2055.”

SEC. 50103. Royalties on Extracted Methane.

Section 50263 of Public Law 117–169 (30 U.S.C. 1727) is repealed.

SEC. 50104. Alaska Oil and Gas Leasing.

(a)

Definitions.— In this section:

(1)

Coastal plain.— The term “Coastal Plain” has the meaning given the term in section 20001(a) of Public Law 115–97 (16 U.S.C. 3143 note).

(2)

Oil and gas program.— The term “oil and gas program” means the oil and gas program established under section 20001(b)(2) of Public Law 115–97 (16 U.S.C. 3143 note).

(3)

Secretary.— The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Bureau of Land Management.

(b)

Lease Sales Required.—

(1)

In general.— Subject to paragraph (3), in addition to the lease sales required under section 20001(c)(1)(A) of Public Law 115–97 (16 U.S.C. 3143 note), the Secretary shall conduct not fewer than 4 lease sales area-wide under the oil and gas program by not later than 10 years after the date of enactment of this Act.

(2)

Terms and conditions.— In conducting lease sales under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall offer the same terms and conditions as contained in the record of decision described in the notice of availability of the Bureau of Land Management entitled “Notice of Availability of the Record of Decision for the Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program, Alaska” (85 Fed. Reg. 51754 (August 21, 2020)).

(3)

Sale acreages; schedule.—

(A)

Acreages.— In conducting the lease sales required under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall offer for lease under the oil and gas program—

(i)

not fewer than 400,000 acres area-wide in each lease sale; and

(ii)

those areas that have the highest potential for the discovery of hydrocarbons.

(B)

Schedule.— The Secretary shall offer—

(i)

the initial lease sale under paragraph (1) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act;

(ii)

a second lease sale under paragraph (1) not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act;

(iii)

a third lease sale under paragraph (1) not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act; and

(iv)

a fourth lease sale under paragraph (1) not later than 7 years after the date of enactment of this Act.

(4)

Rights-of-way.— Section 20001(c)(2) of Public Law 115–97 (16 U.S.C. 3143 note) shall apply to leases awarded under this subsection.

(5)

Surface development.— Section 20001(c)(3) of Public Law 115–97 (16 U.S.C. 3143 note) shall apply to leases awarded under this subsection.

(c)

Receipts.— Notwithstanding section 35 of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 191) and section 20001(b)(5) of Public Law 115–97 (16 U.S.C. 3143 note), of the amount of adjusted bonus, rental, and royalty receipts derived from the oil and gas program and operations on the Coastal Plain pursuant to this section—

(1)

(A)

for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2033, 50 percent shall be paid to the State of Alaska; and

(B)

for fiscal year 2034 and each fiscal year thereafter, 70 percent shall be paid to the State of Alaska; and

(2)

the balance shall be deposited into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts.

SEC. 50105. National Petroleum Reserve–alaska.

(a)

Definitions.— In this section:

(1)

NPR–A final environmental impact statement.— The term “NPR–A final environmental impact statement” means the final environmental impact statement published by the Bureau of Land Management entitled “National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Final Environmental Impact Statement” and dated June 2020, including the errata sheet dated October 6, 2020, and excluding the errata sheet dated September 20, 2022.

(2)

NPR–A record of decision.— The term “NPR–A record of decision” means the record of decision published by the Bureau of Land Management entitled “National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision” and dated December 2020.

(3)

Program.— The term “Program” means the competitive oil and gas leasing, exploration, development, and production program established under section 107 of the Naval Petroleum Reserves Production Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6506a).

(4)

Secretary.— The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Interior.

(b)

Restoration of NPR–A Oil and Gas Leasing Program.— Effective beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall expeditiously restore and resume oil and gas lease sales under the Program for domestic energy production and Federal revenue in the areas designated for oil and gas leasing as described in the NPR–A final environmental impact statement and the NPR–A record of decision.

(c)

Resumption of NPR–A Lease Sales.—

(1)

In general.— Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary shall conduct not fewer than 5 lease sales under the Program by not later than 10 years after the date of enactment of this Act.

(2)

Sales acreages; schedule.—

(A)

Acreages.— In conducting the lease sales required under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall offer not fewer than 4,000,000 acres in each lease sale.

(B)

Schedule.— The Secretary shall offer—

(i)

an initial lease sale under paragraph (1) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act; and

(ii)

an additional lease sale under paragraph (1) not later than every 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act.

(d)

Terms and Stipulations for NPR–A Lease Sales.— In conducting lease sales under subsection (c), the Secretary shall offer the same lease form, lease terms, economic conditions, and stipulations as described in the NPR–A final environmental impact statement and the NPR–A record of decision.

(e)

Receipts.— Section 107(l) of the Naval Petroleum Reserves Production Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6506a(l)) is amended—

(1)

by striking “ All receipts from” and inserting the following:

“(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), all receipts from”

; and

(2)

by adding at the end the following:

“(2) Percent share for fiscal year 2034 and thereafter.—Beginning in fiscal year 2034, of the receipts from sales, rentals, bonuses, and royalties on leases issued pursuant to this section after the date of enactment of the Act entitled ‘An Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14’ (119th Congress)—

“(A) 70 percent shall be paid to the State of Alaska; and

“(B) 30 percent shall be paid into the Treasury of the United States.”

Subtitle B Mining

SEC. 50201. Coal Leasing.

(a)

Definitions.— In this section:

(1)

Coal lease.— The term “coal lease” means a lease entered into by the United States as lessor, through the Bureau of Land Management, and an applicant on Bureau of Land Management Form 3400-012 (or a successor form that contains the terms of a coal lease).

(2)

Qualified application.— The term “qualified application” means an application for a coal lease pending as of the date of enactment of this Act or submitted within 90 days thereafter under the lease by application program administered by the Bureau of Land Management pursuant to the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) for which any required environmental review has commenced or the Director of the Bureau of Land Management determines can commence within 90 days after receiving the application.

(b)

Coal Leasing Activities.— Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior—

(1)

shall—

(A)

with respect to each qualified application—

(i)

if not previously published for public comment, publish any required environmental review;

(ii)

establish the fair market value of the applicable coal tract;

(iii)

hold a lease sale with respect to the applicable coal tract; and

(iv)

identify the highest bidder at or above the fair market value and take all other intermediate actions necessary to identify the winning bidder and grant the qualified application; and

(2)

may—

(A)

with respect to a previously issued coal lease, grant any additional approvals of the Department of the Interior required for mining activities to commence; and

(B)

after completing the actions required by clauses (i) through (iv) of paragraph (1)(A), grant the qualified application and issue the applicable lease to the person that submitted the qualified application if that person submitted the winning bid in the lease sale held under clause (iii) of paragraph (1)(A).

SEC. 50202. Coal Royalty.

(a)

Rate.— Section 7(a) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 207(a)) is amended, in the fourth sentence, by striking “ 12½ per centum” and inserting “ 12½ percent, except such amount shall be not more than 7 percent during the period that begins on the date of enactment of the Act entitled ‘An Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14’ (119th Congress) and ends September 30, 2034,”.

(b)

Applicability to Existing Leases.— The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply to a coal lease—

(1)

issued under section 2 of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 201) before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this Act; and

(2)

that has not been terminated.

(c)

Advance Royalties.— With respect to a lease issued under section 2 of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 201) for which the lessee has paid advance royalties under section 7(b) of that Act (30 U.S.C. 207(b)), the Secretary of the Interior shall provide to the lessee a credit for the difference between the amount paid by the lessee in advance royalties for the lease before the date of the enactment of this Act and the amount the lessee would have been required to pay if the amendment made by subsection (a) had been made before the lessee paid advance royalties for the lease.

SEC. 50203. Leases for Known Recoverable Coal Resources.

Notwithstanding section 2(a)(3)(A) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 201(a)(3)(A)) and section 202(a) of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1712(a)), not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior shall make available for lease known recoverable coal resources of not less than 4,000,000 additional acres on Federal land located in the 48 contiguous States and Alaska subject to the jurisdiction of the Secretary, but which shall not include any Federal land within—

(1)

a National Monument;

(2)

a National Recreation Area;

(3)

a component of the National Wilderness Preservation System;

(4)

a component of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System;

(5)

a component of the National Trails System;

(6)

a National Conservation Area;

(7)

a unit of the National Wildlife Refuge System;

(8)

a unit of the National Fish Hatchery System; or

(9)

a unit of the National Park System.

SEC. 50204. Authorization to Mine Federal Coal.

(a)

Authorization.— In order to provide access to coal reserves in adjacent State or private land that without an authorization could not be mined economically, Federal coal reserves located in Federal land subject to a mining plan previously approved by the Secretary of the Interior as of the date of enactment of this Act and adjacent to coal reserves in adjacent State or private land are authorized to be mined.

(b)

Requirement.— Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior shall, without substantial modification, take such steps as are necessary to authorize the mining of Federal land described in subsection (a).

(c)

NEPA.— Nothing in this section shall prevent a review under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.).

Subtitle C Lands

SEC. 50301. Timber Sales and Long-Term Contracting for the Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management.

(a)

Forest Service.—

(1)

Definitions.— In this subsection:

(A)

Forest plan.— The term “forest plan” means a land and resource management plan prepared by the Secretary for a unit of the National Forest System pursuant to section 6 of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1604).

(B)

National forest system.—

(i)

In general.— The term “National Forest System” means land of the National Forest System (as defined in section 11(a) of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1609(a))) administered by the Secretary.

(ii)

Exclusions.— The term “National Forest System” does not include any forest reserve not created from the public domain.

(C)

Secretary.— The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the Chief of the Forest Service.

(2)

Timber sales on public domain forest reserves.—

(A)

In general.— For each of fiscal years 2026 through 2034, the Secretary shall sell timber annually on National Forest System land in a total quantity that is not less than 250,000,000 board-feet greater than the quantity of board-feet sold in the previous fiscal year.

(B)

Limitation.— The timber sales under subparagraph (A) shall be subject to the maximum allowable sale quantity of timber or the projected timber sale quantity under the applicable forest plan in effect on the date of enactment of this Act.

(3)

Long-term contracting for the forest service.—

(A)

Long-term contracting.— For the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2034, the Secretary shall enter into not fewer than 40 long-term timber sale contracts with private persons or other public or private entities under subsection (a) of section 14 of the National Forest Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 472a) for the sale of national forest materials (as defined in subsection (e)(1) of that section) in the National Forest System.

(B)

Contract length.— The period of a timber sale contract entered into to meet the requirement under subparagraph (A) shall be not less than 20 years, with options for extensions or renewals, as determined by the Secretary.

(C)

Receipts.— Any monies derived from a timber sale contract entered into to meet the requirements under subparagraphs (A) and (B) shall be deposited in the general fund of the Treasury.

(b)

Bureau of Land Management.—

(1)

Definitions.— In this subsection:

(A)

Public lands.— The term “public lands” has the meaning given the term in section 103 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1702).

(B)

Resource management plan.— The term “resource management plan” means a land use plan prepared for public lands under section 202 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1712).

(C)

Secretary.— The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Director of the Bureau of Land Management.

(2)

Timber sales on public lands.—

(A)

In general.— For each of fiscal years 2026 through 2034, the Secretary shall sell timber annually on public lands in a total quantity that is not less than 20,000,000 board-feet greater than the quantity of board-feet sold in the previous fiscal year.

(B)

Limitation.— The timber sales under subparagraph (A) shall be subject to the applicable resource management plan in effect on the date of enactment of this Act.

(3)

Long-term contracting for the bureau of land management.—

(A)

Long-term contracting.— For the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2034, the Secretary shall enter into not fewer than 5 long-term contracts with private persons or other public or private entities under section 1 of the Act of July 31, 1947 (commonly known as the “Materials Act of 1947”) (61 Stat. 681, chapter 406; 30 U.S.C. 601), for the disposal of vegetative materials described in that section on public lands.

(B)

Contract length.— The period of a contract entered into to meet the requirement under subparagraph (A) shall be not less than 20 years, with options for extensions or renewals, as determined by the Secretary.

(C)

Receipts.— Any monies derived from a contract entered into to meet the requirements under subparagraphs (A) and (B) shall be deposited in the general fund of the Treasury.

SEC. 50302. Renewable Energy Fees on Federal Land.

(a)

Definitions.— In this section:

(1)

Annual adjustment factor.— The term “Annual Adjustment Factor” means 3 percent.

(2)

Encumbrance factor.— The term “Encumbrance Factor” means—

(A)

100 percent for a solar energy generation facility; and

(B)

an amount determined by the Secretary, but not less than 10 percent for a wind energy generation facility.

(3)

National forest system.—

(A)

(B)

Exclusion.— The term “National Forest System” does not include any forest reserve not created from the public domain.

(4)

Per-acre rate.— The term “Per-Acre Rate”, with respect to a right-of-way, means the average of the per-acre pastureland rental rates published in the Cash Rents Survey by the National Agricultural Statistics Service for the State in which the right-of-way is located over the 5 calendar-year period preceding the issuance or renewal of the right-of-way.

(5)

Project.— The term “project” means a system described in section 2801.9(a)(4) of title 43, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of enactment of this Act).

(6)

Public land.— The term “public land” means—

(A)

public lands (as defined in section 103 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1702)); and

(B)

National Forest System land.

(7)

Renewable energy project.— The term “renewable energy project” means a project located on public land that uses wind or solar energy to generate energy.

(8)

Right-of-way.— The term “right-of-way” has the meaning given the term in section 103 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1702).

(9)

Secretary.— The term “Secretary” means—

(A)

the Secretary of the Interior, with respect to land controlled or administered by the Secretary of the Interior; and

(B)

the Secretary of Agriculture, with respect to National Forest System land.

(b)

Acreage Rent for Wind and Solar Rights-of-way.—

(1)

In general.— Pursuant to section 504(g) of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1764(g)), the Secretary shall, subject to paragraph (3) and not later than January 1 of each calendar year, collect from the holder of a right-of-way for a renewable energy project an acreage rent in an amount determined by the equation described in paragraph (2).

(2)

Calculation of acreage rent rate.—

(A)

Equation.— The amount of an acreage rent collected under paragraph (1) shall be determined using the following equation: Acreage rent = A × B × ((1 + C)^D)).

(B)

Definitions.— For purposes of the equation described in subparagraph (A):

(i)

The letter “A” means the Per-Acre Rate.

(ii)

The letter “B” means the Encumbrance Factor.

(iii)

The letter “C” means the Annual Adjustment Factor.

(iv)

The letter “D” means the year in the term of the right-of-way.

(3)

Payment until production.— The holder of a right-of-way for a renewable energy project shall pay an acreage rent collected under paragraph (1) until the date on which energy generation begins.

(c)

Capacity Fees.—

(1)

In general.— The Secretary shall, subject to paragraph (3), annually collect a capacity fee from the holder of a right-of-way for a renewable energy project based on the amount described in paragraph (2).

(2)

Calculation of capacity fee.— The amount of a capacity fee collected under paragraph (1) shall be equal to the greater of—

(A)

an amount equal to the acreage rent described in subsection (b); and

(B)

3.9 percent of the gross proceeds from the sale of electricity produced by the renewable energy project.

(3)

Multiple-use reduction factor.—

(A)

Application.— The holder of a right-of-way for a wind energy generation project may request that the Secretary apply a multiple-use reduction factor of 10-percent to the amount of a capacity fee determined under paragraph (2) by submitting to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require.

(B)

Approval.— The Secretary may approve an application submitted under subparagraph (A) only if not less than 25 percent of the land within the area of the right-of-way is authorized for use, occupancy, or development with respect to an activity other than the generation of wind energy for the entirety of the year in which the capacity fee is collected.

(C)

Late determination.—

(i)

In general.— If the Secretary approves an application under subparagraph (B) for a wind energy generation project after the date on which the holder of the right-of-way for the project begins paying a capacity fee, the Secretary shall apply the multiple-use reduction factor described in subparagraph (A) to the capacity fee for the first year beginning after the date of approval and each year thereafter for the period during which the right-of-way remains in effect.

(ii)

Refund.— The Secretary may not refund the holder of a right-of-way for the difference in the amount of a capacity fee paid in a previous year.

(d)

Late Payment Fee; Termination.—

(1)

In general.— The Secretary may charge the holder of a right-of-way for a renewable energy project a late payment fee if the Secretary does not receive payment for the acreage rent under subsection (b) or the capacity fee under subsection (c) by the date that is 15 days after the date on which the payment was due.

(2)

Termination of right-of-way.— The Secretary may terminate a right-of-way for a renewable energy project if the Secretary does not receive payment for the acreage rent under subsection (b) or the capacity fee under subsection (c) by the date that is 90 days after the date on which the payment was due.

SEC. 50303. Renewable Energy Revenue Sharing.

(a)

Definitions.— In this section:

(1)

County.— The term “county” includes a parish, township, borough, and any other similar, independent unit of local government.

(2)

Covered land.— The term “covered land” means land that is—

(A)

public land administered by the Secretary; and

(B)

not excluded from the development of solar or wind energy under—

(i)

a land use plan; or

(ii)

other Federal law.

(3)

National forest system.—

(A)

(B)

Exclusion.— The term “National Forest System” does not include any forest reserve not created from the public domain.

(4)

Public land.— The term “public land” means—

(A)

public lands (as defined in section 103 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1702)); and

(B)

National Forest System land.

(5)

Renewable energy project.— The term “renewable energy project” means a system described in section 2801.9(a)(4) of title 43, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of enactment of this Act), located on covered land that uses wind or solar energy to generate energy.

(6)

Secretary.— The term “Secretary” means—

(A)

the Secretary of the Interior, with respect to land controlled or administered by the Secretary of the Interior; and

(B)

the Secretary of Agriculture, with respect to National Forest System land.

(b)

Disposition of Revenue.—

(1)

Disposition of revenues.— Beginning on January 1, 2026, the amounts collected from a renewable energy project as bonus bids, rentals, fees, or other payments under a right-of-way, permit, lease, or other authorization shall—

(A)

be deposited in the general fund of the Treasury; and

(B)

without further appropriation or fiscal year limitation, be allocated as follows:

(i)

25 percent shall be paid from amounts in the general fund of the Treasury to the State within the boundaries of which the revenue is derived.

(ii)

25 percent shall be paid from amounts in the general fund of the Treasury to each county in a State within the boundaries of which the revenue is derived, to be allocated among each applicable county based on the percentage of county land from which the revenue is derived.

(2)

Payments to states and counties.—

(A)

In general.— Amounts paid to States and counties under paragraph (1) shall be used in accordance with the requirements of section 35 of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 191).

(B)

Payments in lieu of taxes.— A payment to a county under paragraph (1) shall be in addition to a payment in lieu of taxes received by the county under chapter 69 of title 31, United States Code.

(C)

Timing.— The amounts required to be paid under paragraph (1)(B) for an applicable fiscal year shall be made available in the fiscal year that immediately follows the fiscal year for which the amounts were collected.

SEC. 50304. Rescission of National Park Service and Bureau of Land Management Funds.

There are rescinded the unobligated balances of amounts made available by the following sections of Public Law 117–169 (commonly known as the “Inflation Reduction Act of 2022”) (136 Stat. 1818):

(1)

Section 50221 (136 Stat. 2052).

(2)

Section 50222 (136 Stat. 2052).

(3)

Section 50223 (136 Stat. 2052).

SEC. 50305. Celebrating America’s 250th Anniversary.

In addition to amounts otherwise available, there is appropriated to the Secretary of the Interior (acting through the Director of the National Park Service) for fiscal year 2025, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $150,000,000 for events, celebrations, and activities surrounding the observance and commemoration of the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States, to remain available through fiscal year 2028.

Subtitle D Energy

SEC. 50401. Strategic Petroleum Reserve.

(a)

Energy Policy and Conservation Act Definitions.— In this section, the terms “related facility”, “storage facility”, and “Strategic Petroleum Reserve” have the meanings given those terms in section 152 of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6232).

(b)

Appropriations.— In addition to amounts otherwise available, there is appropriated to the Department of Energy for fiscal year 2025, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, to remain available until September 30, 2029—

(1)

$218,000,000 for maintenance of, including repairs to, storage facilities and related facilities of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve; and

(2)

$171,000,000 to acquire, by purchase, petroleum products for storage in the Strategic Petroleum Reserve.

(c)

Repeal of Strategic Petroleum Reserve Drawdown and Sale Mandate.— Section 20003 of Public Law 115–97 (42 U.S.C. 6241 note) is repealed.

SEC. 50402. Repeals; Rescissions.

(a)

Repeal and Rescission.— Section 50142 of Public Law 117–169 (136 Stat. 2044) (commonly known as the “Inflation Reduction Act of 2022”) is repealed and the unobligated balance of amounts made available under that section (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act) is rescinded.

(b)

Rescissions.—

(1)

In general.— The unobligated balances of amounts made available under the sections described in paragraph (2) are rescinded.

(2)

Sections described.— The sections referred to in paragraph (1) are the following sections of Public Law 117–169 (commonly known as the “Inflation Reduction Act of 2022”):

(A)

Section 50123 (42 U.S.C. 18795b).

(B)

Section 50141 (136 Stat. 2042).

(C)

Section 50144 (136 Stat. 2044).

(D)

Section 50145 (136 Stat. 2045).

(E)

Section 50151 (42 U.S.C. 18715).

(F)

Section 50152 (42 U.S.C. 18715a).

(G)

Section 50153 (42 U.S.C. 18715b).

(H)

Section 50161 (42 U.S.C. 17113b).

SEC. 50403. Energy Dominance Financing.

(a)

In General.— Section 1706 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16517) is amended—

(1)

in subsection (a)—

(A)

in paragraph (1), by striking “ or” at the end;

(B)

in paragraph (2), by striking “ avoid” and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting “ increase capacity or output; or”; and

(C)

by adding at the end the following:

“(3) support or enable the provision of known or forecastable electric supply at time intervals necessary to maintain or enhance grid reliability or other system adequacy needs.”

(2)

by striking subsection (c);

(3)

by redesignating subsections (d) through (f) as subsections (c) through (e), respectively;

(4)

in subsection (c) (as so redesignated)—

(A)

in paragraph (1), by adding “ and” at the end;

(B)

by striking paragraph (2); and

(C)

by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2);

(5)

in subsection (e) (as so redesignated), by striking “ for—” in the matter preceding paragraph (1) and all that follows through the period at the end of paragraph (2) and inserting “ for enabling the identification, leasing, development, production, processing, transportation, transmission, refining, and generation needed for energy and critical minerals.”; and

(6)

by adding at the end the following:

“(f) Funding.—

“(1) In general.—In addition to amounts otherwise available, there is appropriated to the Secretary for fiscal year 2025, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $1,000,000,000, to remain available through September 30, 2028, to carry out activities under this section.

“(2) Administrative costs.—Of the amount made available under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall use not more than 3 percent for administrative expenses.”

(b)

Commitment Authority.— Section 50144(b) of Public Law 117–169 (commonly known as the “Inflation Reduction Act of 2022”) (136 Stat. 2045) is amended by striking “ 2026” and inserting “ 2028”.

SEC. 50404. Transformational Artificial Intelligence Models.

(a)

Definitions.— In this section:

(1)

American science cloud.— The term “American science cloud” means a system of United States government, academic, and private sector programs and infrastructures utilizing cloud computing technologies to facilitate and support scientific research, data sharing, and computational analysis across various disciplines while ensuring compliance with applicable legal, regulatory, and privacy standards.

(2)

Artificial intelligence.— The term “artificial intelligence” has the meaning given the term in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401).

(b)

Transformational Models.— The Secretary of Energy shall—

(1)

mobilize National Laboratories to partner with industry sectors within the United States to curate the scientific data of the Department of Energy across the National Laboratory complex so that the data is structured, cleaned, and preprocessed in a way that makes it suitable for use in artificial intelligence and machine learning models; and

(2)

initiate seed efforts for self-improving artificial intelligence models for science and engineering powered by the data described in paragraph (1).

(c)

Uses.—

(1)

Microelectronics.— The curated data described in subsection (b)(1) may be used to rapidly develop next-generation microelectronics that have greater capabilities beyond Moore’s law while requiring lower energy consumption.

(2)

New energy technologies.— The artificial intelligence models developed under subsection (b)(2) shall be provided to the scientific community through the American science cloud to accelerate innovation in discovery science and engineering for new energy technologies.

(d)

Appropriations.— There is appropriated, out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $150,000,000, to remain available through September 30, 2026, to carry out this section.

Subtitle E Water

SEC. 50501. Water Conveyance and Surface Water Storage Enhancement.

In addition to amounts otherwise available, there is appropriated to the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Commissioner of Reclamation, for fiscal year 2025, out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $1,000,000,000, to remain available through September 30, 2034, for construction and associated activities that restore or increase the capacity or use of existing conveyance facilities constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation or for construction and associated activities that increase the capacity of existing Bureau of Reclamation surface water storage facilities, in a manner as determined by the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Commissioner of Reclamation: Provided, That, for the purposes of section 203 of the Reclamation Reform Act of 1982 (43 U.S.C. 390cc) or section 3404(a) of the Reclamation Projects Authorization and Adjustment Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–575; 106 Stat. 4708), a contract or agreement entered into pursuant to this section shall not be treated as a new or amended contract: Provided further, That none of the funds provided under this section shall be reimbursable or subject to matching or cost-sharing requirements.

Title V — Committee on Energy and Natural Resources