SECTION 1. Short Title.
This Act may be cited as the “Public Safety Officer Support Act of 2022”.
Public Safety Officer Support Act of 2022
An Act
To amend the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to authorize public safety officer death benefits to officers suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder or acute stress disorder, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SEC. 2. Findings.
Congress finds the following:
Every day, public safety officers, including police officers, firefighters, emergency medical technicians, and others, work to maintain the safety, health, and well-being of the communities they serve.
This means public safety officers are routinely called to respond to stressful and potentially traumatic situations, often putting their own lives in danger.
This work not only puts public safety officers at-risk for experiencing harm, serious injury, and cumulative and acute trauma, but also places them at up to 25.6 times higher risk for developing post-traumatic stress disorder when compared to individuals without such experiences.
Psychological evidence indicates that law enforcement officers experience significant job-related stressors and exposures that may confer increased risk for mental health morbidities (such as post-traumatic stress disorder and suicidal thoughts, ideation, intents, and behaviors) and hastened mortality.
Public safety officers often do not have the resources or support they need, leaving them at higher risk for long-term mental health consequences.
Whereas, although the Department of Defense already considers servicemember suicides to be line-of-duty deaths and provides Federal support to eligible surviving families, the Federal Government does not recognize public safety officer suicides as deaths in the line of duty.
In 2017, the Department of Justice approved 481 claims under the Public Safety Officers’ Benefits Program under subpart 1 of part L of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10281 et seq.), but not one of them for the more than 240 public safety officers who died by suicide that year.
Public safety officers who have died or are disabled as a result of suicide or post-traumatic stress disorder do not qualify for the Public Safety Officers’ Benefits Program, despite the fact that public safety officers are more likely to die by suicide than from any other line-of-duty cause of death.
SEC. 3. Public Safety Officer Death Benefits for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Acute Stress Disorder, or Trauma and Stress Related Disorders.
In General.— Section 1201 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10281) is amended by adding at the end the following:
“(o) Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Acute Stress Disorder, or Trauma and Stress Related Disorders.—
“(1) Definitions.—In this section:
“(A) Mass casualty event.—The term ‘mass casualty event’ means an incident resulting in casualties to not fewer than 3 victims, including—
“(i) an incident that exceeds the normal resources for emergency response available in the jurisdiction where the incident takes place; and
“(ii) an incident that results in a sudden and timely surge of injured individuals necessitating emergency services.
“(B) Mass fatality event.—The term ‘mass fatality event’ means an incident resulting in the fatalities of not fewer than 3 individuals at 1 or more locations close to one another with a common cause.
“(C) Mass shooting.—The term ‘mass shooting’ means a multiple homicide incident in which not fewer than 3 victims are killed—
“(i) with a firearm;
“(ii) during one event; and
“(iii) in one or more locations in close proximity.
“(D) Exposed.—The term ‘exposed’ includes—
“(i) directly experiencing or witnessing an event; or
“(ii) being subjected, in an intense way, to aversive consequences of the event (including a public safety officer collecting human remains).
“(E) Traumatic event.—The term ‘traumatic event’ means, in the case of a public safety officer exposed to an event, an event that is—
“(i) a homicide, suicide, or the violent or gruesome death of another individual (including such a death resulting from a mass casualty event, mass fatality event, or mass shooting);
“(ii) a harrowing circumstance posing an extraordinary and significant danger or threat to the life of or of serious bodily harm to any individual (including such a circumstance as a mass casualty event, mass fatality event, or mass shooting); or
“(iii) an act of criminal sexual violence committed against any individual.
“(2) Personal injury sustained in line of duty.—As determined by the Bureau—
“(A) post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, or trauma and stress related disorders suffered by a public safety officer and diagnosed by a licensed medical or mental health professional, shall be presumed to constitute a personal injury within the meaning of subsection (a), sustained in the line of duty by the officer, if the officer was exposed, while on duty, to one or more traumatic events and such exposure was a substantial factor in the disorder;
“(B) post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, or trauma and stress related disorders, suffered by a public safety officer who has contacted or attempted to contact the employee assistance program of the agency or entity that the officer serves, a licensed medical or mental health professional, suicide prevention services, or another mental health assistance service in order to receive help, treatment, or diagnosis for post-traumatic stress disorder or acute stress disorder, shall be presumed to constitute a personal injury within the meaning of subsection (a), sustained in the line of duty by the officer, if the officer, was exposed, while on duty, to one or more traumatic events and such exposure was a substantial factor in the disorder; and
“(C) post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, or trauma and stress related disorders, suffered by a public safety officer who was exposed, while on duty, to one or more traumatic events shall be presumed to constitute a personal injury within the meaning of subsection (a), sustained in the line of duty by the officer if such exposure was a substantial factor in the disorder.
“(3) Presumption of death or total disability.—A public safety officer shall be presumed to have died or become permanently and totally disabled (within the meaning of subsection (a) or (b)) as the direct and proximate result of a personal injury sustained in the line of duty, if (as determined by the Bureau) the officer either—
“(A) took an action, which action was intended to bring about the officer’s death and directly and proximately resulted in such officer’s death or permanent and total disability and exposure, while on duty, to one or more traumatic events was a substantial factor in the action taken by the officer; or
“(B) took an action within 45 days of the end of exposure, while on duty, to a traumatic event, which action was intended to bring about the officer’s death and directly and proximately resulted in such officer’s death or permanent and total disability, if such action was not inconsistent with a psychiatric disorder.
“(4) Applicability of limitations on benefits.—
“(A) Intentional actions.—Section 1202(a)(1) shall not apply to any claim for a benefit under this part that is payable in accordance with this subsection.
“(B) Substance use.—Section 1202(a)(2) shall not preclude the payment of a benefit under this part if the benefit is otherwise payable in accordance with this subsection.”
Retroactive Applicability.—
In general.— Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section shall—
take effect on the date of enactment of this Act; and
apply to any matter pending, before the Bureau of Justice Assistance or otherwise, on the date of enactment of this Act, or filed (consistent with pre-existing effective dates) or accruing after that date.
Exceptions.— The amendments made by this section shall apply to any action taken by a public safety officer described in paragraph (3) of section 1201(o) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (as added by this Act) that occurred on or after January 1, 2019.
SEC. 4. Technical Fixes.
Subpoena Power; Employment of Hearing Officers; Authority to Hold Hearings.— Section 806 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10225) is amended—
in the first sentence—
by striking “ The” and all that follows through “ Assistance” and inserting “ The Assistant Attorney General, the Bureau of Justice Assistance”;
by striking “ by the Attorney General”;
by striking “ Code)” and inserting “ Code (without regard to the days limitation prescribed therein), but shall, in no event, be understood to be (or to have the authority of) officers of the United States)”;
by striking “ such hearing examiners or administrative law judges” and inserting “ or administrative law judges”; and
by striking “ necessary to carry out their respective powers and duties under this title” and inserting the following: “ necessary or convenient to assist them in carrying out their respective powers and duties under any law administered by or under the Office”; and
in the second sentence—
by striking “ The” and all that follows through “ Assistance” and inserting “ The Assistant Attorney General, the Bureau of Justice Assistance”;
by striking “ or any” and inserting “ , or (subject to such limitations as the appointing authority may, in its sole discretion, impose from time to time) any”;
by inserting a comma after “ thereby”; and
by striking “ examinations and” and inserting “ examinations, and”.
Definitions.— Section 1204 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10284) is amended—
in paragraph (11), by striking “ and” at the end;
in paragraph (12)(B), strike the period at the end and insert a semicolon; and
in paragraph (14), by redesignating the second subparagraph (F) as subparagraph (G).
SEC. 5. Gao Report.
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report that details benefits issued pursuant to subsection (o) of section 1201 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10281), as added by section 3, and includes any recommendations to improve that subsection.