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Notes

40 C.F.R. §§ 60.2939–60.2945

7 sections in range

§60.2939. What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install?

40 C.F.R. § 60.2939

(a)
For each OSWI unit with a capacity greater than 10 tons per day, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous emission monitoring systems for carbon monoxide and for oxygen. You must monitor the oxygen concentration at each location where you monitor carbon monoxide.
(b)
You must install, evaluate, and operate each continuous emission monitoring system according to the “Monitoring Requirements” in § 60.13.
Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, as amended at 90 FR 27945, June 30, 2025]

Source

Source: 70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Source

Source: 36 FR 24877, Dec. 23, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, as amended at 90 FR 27945, June 30, 2025]

§60.2940. How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

40 C.F.R. § 60.2940

(a)
Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure carbon monoxide and oxygen.
(b)
Complete your initial performance evaluation of the continuous emission monitoring systems within 60 days after your OSWI unit reaches the maximum load level at which it will operate, but no later than 180 days after its initial startup.
(c)
For initial and annual performance evaluations, collect data concurrently (or within 30 to 60 minutes) using your carbon monoxide and oxygen continuous emission monitoring systems. To validate carbon monoxide concentration levels, use EPA Method 10, 10A, or 10B of Appendix A to this part. Use EPA Method 3A or 3B of Appendix A to this part or ASME/ANSI PTC 19.10-1981 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), in lieu of Method 3B, to measure oxygen. Collect the data during each initial and annual evaluation of your continuous emission monitoring systems following the applicable performance specifications in Appendix B to this part. Table 3 to this subpart shows the required span values and performance specifications that apply to each continuous emission monitoring system.
(d)
Follow the quality assurance procedures in Procedure 1 of appendix F of this part for each continuous emission monitoring system. The procedures include daily calibration drift and quarterly accuracy determinations.
Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, as amended at 90 FR 27945, June 30, 2025]

Source

Source: 70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Source

Source: 36 FR 24877, Dec. 23, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, as amended at 90 FR 27945, June 30, 2025]

§60.2941. What is my schedule for evaluating continuous emission monitoring systems?

40 C.F.R. § 60.2941

(a)
Conduct annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems no more than 12 months after the previous evaluation was conducted.
(b)
Evaluate your continuous emission monitoring systems daily and quarterly as specified in appendix F of this part.
Notes, amendments, and revision history

Source

Source: 70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Source

Source: 36 FR 24877, Dec. 23, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

§60.2942. What is the minimum amount of monitoring data I must collect with my continuous emission monitoring systems?

40 C.F.R. § 60.2942

(a)
Where continuous emission monitoring systems are required, obtain 1-hour arithmetic averages. Except for CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, the 1-hour arithmetic averages for carbon monoxide must be expressed in parts per million by dry volume corrected to 7 percent oxygen. The CEMS data during startup and shutdown are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen and are measured at stack oxygen content. Use the 1-hour averages of oxygen data from your CEMS to determine the actual oxygen level and to calculate emissions at 7 percent oxygen. Use Equation 2 in § 60.2975 to calculate the 12-hour rolling averages from the 1-hour arithmetic averages.
(b)
Obtain at least two data points per hour in order to calculate a valid 1-hour arithmetic average. Section 60.13(e)(2) requires your continuous emission monitoring systems to complete at least one cycle of operation (sampling, analyzing, and data recording) for each 15-minute period.
(c)
Obtain valid 1-hour averages for at least 75 percent of the operating hours per day for at least 90 percent of the operating days per calendar quarter. An operating day is any day the unit combusts any municipal or institutional solid waste.
(d)
If you do not obtain the minimum data required in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section, you have deviated from the data collection requirement regardless of the emission level monitored.
(e)
If you do not obtain the minimum data required in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section, you must still use all valid data from the continuous emission monitoring systems in calculating emission concentrations.
(f)
If continuous emission monitoring systems are temporarily unavailable to meet the data collection requirements, refer to table 3 to this subpart. It shows alternate methods for collecting data when systems malfunction or when repairs, calibration checks, or zero and span checks keep you from collecting the minimum amount of data. Failure to collect required data is a deviation of the monitoring requirements.
Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, as amended at 90 FR 27945, June 30, 2025]

Source

Source: 70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Source

Source: 36 FR 24877, Dec. 23, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, as amended at 90 FR 27945, June 30, 2025]

§60.2943. How do I convert my 1-hour arithmetic averages into the appropriate averaging times and units?

40 C.F.R. § 60.2943

(a)
Use Equation 1 in § 60.2975 to calculate emissions at 7 percent oxygen.
(b)
Use Equation 2 in § 60.2975 to calculate the 12-hour rolling averages for concentrations of carbon monoxide.
Notes, amendments, and revision history

Source

Source: 70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Source

Source: 36 FR 24877, Dec. 23, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

§60.2944. What operating parameter monitoring equipment must I install, or what operating parameters must I monitor?

40 C.F.R. § 60.2944

(a)
You must install, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications at the frequency recommended by the manufacturer), maintain, and operate devices (or establish methods) for monitoring the value of the operating parameters used to determine compliance with the operating limits listed in table 2 to this subpart, as applicable. These devices (or methods) must measure and record the values for these operating parameters at the frequencies indicated in table 2 to this subpart at all times. The devices must be positioned to provide a representative measurement of the parameter monitored.
(b)
You must install, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate a device or method for measuring the use of any stack that could be used to bypass the control device. The measurement must include the date, time, and duration of the use of the bypass stack.
(c)
If you are using a fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this subpart, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (8) of this section:
(1)
You must install and operate a bag leak detection system for each exhaust stack of the fabric filter. The bag leak sensor(s) must be installed in a position(s) that will be representative of the relative or absolute particulate matter loadings for each exhaust stack, roof vent, or compartment of the fabric filter;
(2)
Each bag leak detection system must be installed, operated, calibrated, and maintained in a manner consistent with the manufacturer's written specifications and recommendations; and in accordance with the guidance provided in EPA-454/R-98-015 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17);
(3)
The bag leak detection system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 1 milligrams per actual cubic meter or less;
(4)
The bag leak detection system sensor must provide output of relative or absolute particulate matter loadings;
(5)
The bag leak detection system must be equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor;
(6)
The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm system that will automatically alert an operator when an increase in relative particulate matter emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed easily by operating personnel;
(7)
For positive pressure fabric filter systems, a bag leak detection system must be installed in each baghouse compartment or cell. For negative pressure or induced air fabric filters, the bag leak detector must be installed downstream of the fabric filter; and
(8)
Where multiple detectors are required, the system's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.
(d)
If you are required to petition the EPA for operating limits under § 60.2917, you must install, calibrate (to the manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate the equipment necessary to monitor compliance with the site-specific operating limits established using the procedures in § 60.2917.
Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[90 FR 27946, June 30, 2025]

Source

Source: 70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Source

Source: 36 FR 24877, Dec. 23, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[90 FR 27946, June 30, 2025]

§60.2945. Is there a minimum amount of operating parameter monitoring data I must obtain?

40 C.F.R. § 60.2945

(a)
Except for monitor malfunctions, associated repairs, and required quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments of the monitoring system), you must conduct all monitoring at all times the OSWI unit is operating.
(b)
You must obtain valid monitoring data for at least 75 percent of the operating hours per day for at least 90 percent of the operating days per calendar quarter. An operating day is any day the unit combusts any municipal or institutional solid waste.
(c)
If you do not obtain the minimum data required in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, you have deviated from the data collection requirement regardless of the operating parameter level monitored.
(d)
Do not use data recorded during monitor malfunctions, associated repairs, and required quality assurance or quality control activities for meeting the requirements of this subpart, including data averages and calculations. You must use all the data collected during all other periods in assessing compliance with the operating limits.
Notes, amendments, and revision history

Source

Source: 70 FR 74892, Dec. 16, 2005, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Source

Source: 36 FR 24877, Dec. 23, 1971, unless otherwise noted.