(1)
NO— X emission limits—(i) United States Steel Corporation, Keetac—(A) Emission limitations—(1) Natural gas limit. An emission limit of 3.4 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 720-hr rolling average, shall apply to the Keetac Grate Kiln indurating furnace (EU030) when burning exclusively natural gas. This emission limit shall become enforceable beginning July 8, 2029.
(2) Limit when burning fuel other than exclusively natural gas. An emission limit of 2.0 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 720-hr rolling average, shall apply to the Keetac Grate Kiln indurating furnace when burning any fuel or combination of fuels other than exclusively natural gas. This emission limit shall become enforceable beginning July 8, 2029, unless before July 8, 2031, EPA promulgates a modified limit in accordance with the procedures set forth in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C) of this section. The emission limit in this paragraph shall apply unless adjusted as described in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C)(3) of this section, and only if the data submitted to EPA pursuant to paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C)(1) of this section support such an adjustment.
(B)
Installation— of NOX reduction technology. The NOX reduction technology shall be installed no later than July 8, 2029.
(C)
Process to modify emission limit when burning fuel other than exclusively natural gas. If the owner or operator of Keetac requests to modify the emission limit that applies when burning fuel other than natural gas, then the owner or operator shall collect and submit data and an engineering report to EPA in accordance with the following process.
(1) Collection and reporting of data. The owner or operator of Keetac shall submit to EPA data collected when burning any fuel or combination of fuels other than exclusively natural gas during the period following installation of the NOX reduction technology until completion of 5,100 hours of data collection. Data shall be submitted to EPA no later than 30 days after completion of 5100 hours of data collection and in any case no later than November 8, 2030. The data shall include hourly NOX emissions recorded by CEMS in lbs NOX/MMBtu; hourly values of the operating parameters identified in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C)(2) of this section; hourly process and CEMS information and codes; and hourly heat input in MMBtu by fuel type. EPA will consider the data submitted in accordance with the requirements of this paragraph and (b)(1)(i)(C)(3) of this section. Data collected during the first 720 hours burning fuel other than exclusively natural gas are considered the optimization period and shall be submitted to EPA but shall not be included in the 4380 hours of data considered for limit adjustment purposes. If the owner or operator wishes to exclude any data from consideration due to pellet quality concerns, then the owner or operator shall, to the extent applicable, submit to EPA information regarding the following factors: compression, reducibility, before tumble, after tumble, low temperature disintegration, clustering, and swelling. For each of the pellet quality analysis factors, the owner or operator must explain the pellet quality analysis factor, as well as the defined acceptable range for each factor using the applicable product quality standards based upon customers' pellet specifications that are contained in Keetac's ISO 9001 quality management system. The owner or operator shall also provide to EPA pellet quality analysis testing results that state the date and time of the analysis and, in order to define the time period when pellets were produced outside of the defined acceptable range for the pellet quality factors listed, include copies of the production logs that clearly define which hours of operation correspond to the production of the pellets tested, and document which hours produced pellets that met specifications and which hours produced pellets that failed to meet specifications. The owner or operator shall report all raw data in a format consistent with and able to be manipulated by Microsoft Excel including formulas, as appropriate, in each cell.
(2) Engineering report. No later than 30 days after completion of 5100 hours of data collection and in any case no later than November 8, 2030, the owner or operator of Keetac shall submit to EPA a final report including modeling demonstrating the selected NOX reduction technology is designed to achieve NOX emissions no greater than the emission limits specified in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(A)(2) of this section and identifying the operating parameters and set points upon which the modeling was based.
(3) Emission limit adjustment. If EPA determines that the data submitted in accordance with paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C)(1) of this section satisfy the criteria in that paragraph, then EPA shall use the applicable equation set forth in paragraph (f) of this section to determine whether adjustment of the emission limit set forth in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(A)(2) of this section is appropriate. If revised, the NOX emission limit when burning any fuel or combination of fuels other than exclusively natural gas may be no greater than 2.5 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 720-hr rolling average. The data set used for the determination shall include only data that meet both pellet quality specifications and optimized operating parameters related to process and NOX reduction technology operation as identified in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C)(2) of this section. If the data submitted pursuant to paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C)(1) of this section are normally distributed and statistically independent, EPA shall use the upper predictive limit (UPL) equation provided in paragraph (f)(1) of this section. If the data submitted pursuant to paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C)(1) of this section are not normally distributed or are normally distributed but not statistically independent, EPA shall use the non-parametric equation provided in paragraph (f)(2) of this section. If, after receiving complete data from the owner or operator as specified in (b)(1)(i)(C)(1) of this section, the results of the equation support an emission limit other than 2.0 lbs NOX/MMBtu when burning any fuel or combination of fuels other than exclusively natural gas, EPA shall initiate a rulemaking to adjust the emission limit. If the results of the equation do not support an adjustment of the 2.0 lbs NOX/MMBtu emission limit, then EPA shall take final agency action to notify the owner or operator of Keetac in writing. If the owner or operator does not submit data to EPA by January 8, 2031 in accordance with paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C)(1) of this section for burning any fuel or combination of fuels other than exclusively natural gas or if EPA determines that the owner or operator did not provide complete data supporting such an adjustment in accordance with paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C)(1) of this section, then the 2.0 lbs NOX/MMBtu emission limit shall remain in place and applicable.
(D)
Compliance demonstration. Compliance with the emission limits shall be demonstrated with hourly data collected by a continuous emissions monitoring system for NOX. The CEMS shall be continuously operated and maintained in accordance with
40 CFR part 60 Appendix F. CEMS records shall be maintained onsite for a period no less than 5 years.
(ii)
Hibbing Taconite Company—
(A)
An aggregate emission limit of 1.5 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to the combined NOX emissions from the three indurating furnaces, Line 1 (EU020), Line 2 (EU021), and Line 3 (EU022), beginning on February 2, 2026. To determine the aggregate emission rate, the combined NOX emissions from Lines 1, 2, and 3 shall be divided by the total heat input to the three lines (in MMBtu) during every rolling 30-day period.
(B)
Compliance with this emission limit shall be demonstrated with data collected by a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) for NOX.
(iii)
United States Steel Corporation, Minntac— An aggregate emission limit of 1.6 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to the combined NOX emissions from the five indurating furnaces: Line 3 (EU225), Line 4 (EU261), Line 5 (EU282), Line 6 (EU315), and Line 7 (EU334). To determine the aggregate emission rate, the combined NOX emissions from lines 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 shall be divided by the total heat input to the five lines (in MMBTU) during every rolling 30-day period commencing either upon notification of a starting date by United States Steel Corporation, Minntac, or with the 30-day period from September 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019, whichever occurs first. The aggregate emission rate shall subsequently be determined on each day, 30 days after the starting date contained in such notification or September 30, 2019, whichever occurs first.
(iv)
United Taconite—
(A)
An aggregate emission limit of 3.0 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to the combined NOX emissions from the two indurating furnaces, Grate Kiln Line 1 (EU040) and Grate Kiln Line 2 (EU042), beginning on February 2, 2026. To determine the aggregate emission rate, the combined NOX emissions from Grate Kiln Line 1 and Grate Kiln Line 2 shall be divided by the total heat input to the two lines (in MMBtu) during every rolling 30-day period.
(B)
Compliance with this emission limit shall be demonstrated with data collected by a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) for NOX.
(v)
Minorca Mine—
(A)
An emission limit of 1.6 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to the Minorca Mine indurating furnace (EU026). This emission limit will become enforceable on February 2, 2026.
(B)
Compliance with this emission limit will be demonstrated with data collected by a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) for NOX.
(vi)
Northshore Mining Company— Silver Bay: An emission limit of 1.5 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to Furnace 11 (EU100/EU104) beginning October 10, 2018. An emission limit of 1.5 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to Furnace 12 (EU110/114) beginning October 11, 2019. However, for any 30, or more, consecutive days when only natural gas is used at either Northshore Mining Furnace 11 or Furnace 12, a limit of 1.2 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply. An emission limit of 0.085 lbs NOX/MMBtu, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to Process Boiler #1 (EU003) and Process Boiler #2 (EU004) beginning October 10, 2021. The 0.085 lbs NOX/MMBtu emission limit for each process boiler applies at all times a unit is operating, including periods of start-up, shut-down and malfunction.
(2)
SO— 2 emission limits. (i) United States Steel Corporation, Keetac: An emission limit of 225 lbs SO2/hr, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to the Grate Kiln pelletizing furnace (EU030). Any coal burned at Keetac shall have a sulfur content of 0.60 percent sulfur by weight or less based on a monthly block average. The sampling and calculation methodology for determining the sulfur content of fuel must be described in the monitoring plan required at
paragraph (e)(8)(x) of this section. Compliance with these requirements for EU030 is required beginning 3 months from March 8, 2013.
(ii)
Hibbing Taconite Company—
(A)
An aggregate emission limit of 247.8 lbs SO2/hour, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to the combined SO2 emissions from the three indurating furnaces, Line 1 (EU020), Line 2 (EU0021), and Line 3 (EU022), beginning on February 10, 2017. To determine the aggregate emission rate, the combined SO2 emissions from Lines 1, 2, and 3 shall be divided by the total hours of operation of the three lines during every rolling 30-day period.
(B)
Compliance with this emission limit shall be demonstrated with data collected by a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) for SO2.
(C)
Emissions resulting from the combustion of fuel oil are not included in the calculation of the 30-day rolling average. However, if any fuel oil is burned after the first day that SO2 CEMS are required to be operational, then the information specified in (b)(2)(vii) must be submitted, for each calendar year, to the Regional Administrator at
[email protected] no later than 30 days after the end of each calendar year so that a limit can be set.
(iii)
United States Steel Corporation, Minntac— An aggregate emission limit for indurating furnace Lines 3-7 (EU225, EU261, EU282, EU315, and EU334) of 498 lbs SO2/hr shall apply when all lines are producing flux pellets. An aggregate emission limit of 630 lbs SO2/hr shall apply to Lines 3-7 when Line 3-5 are producing acid pellets and Lines 6 and 7 are producing flux pellets. An aggregate emission limit of 800 lbs SO2/hr shall apply to Lines 3-7 when all lines are producing acid pellets. The SO2 emission limits are based on a 30-day rolling average and apply beginning 3 months from March 8, 2013. The emission limit for a given 30-day rolling average period is calculated using a weighted average as follows:
Also, beginning 3 months from March 8, 2013, any coal burned at Minntac's Lines 3-7 shall have a sulfur content of 0.60 percent sulfur by weight or less based on a monthly block average. The sampling and calculation methodology for determining the sulfur content of fuel must be described in the monitoring plan required at paragraph (e)(8)(x) of this section.
(iv)
United Taconite— An aggregate emission limit of 529.0 lbs SO2/hr, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to the Line 1 pellet furnace (EU040) and Line 2 pellet furnace (EU042) beginning six months after May 12, 2016. Compliance with this aggregate emission limit shall be demonstrated with data collected by a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) for SO2. The owner or operator must start collecting CEMS data for SO2 beginning six months after May 12, 2016 and submit the data to EPA no later than 30 days from the end of each calendar quarter. Beginning six months after May 12, 2016, any coal burned on UTAC Grate Kiln Line 1 or Line 2 shall have no more than 1.5 percent sulfur by weight based on a monthly block average. The sampling and calculation methodology for determining the sulfur content of coal must be described in the monitoring plan required for this furnace.
(v)
Minorca Mine—
(A)
An emission limit of 68.2 lbs SO2/hr, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to the indurating furnace (EU026) beginning February 2, 2026.
(B)
Compliance with this emission limit shall be demonstrated with data collected by a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) for SO2.
(C)
Emissions resulting from the combustion of fuel oil are not included in the calculation of the 30-day rolling average. However, if any fuel oil is burned after the first day that SO2 CEMS are required to be operational, then the information specified in (b)(2)(vii) must be submitted, for each calendar year, to the Regional Administrator at
[email protected] no later than 30 days after the end of each calendar year so that a limit can be set.
(vi)
Northshore Mining Company—Silver Bay—
(A)
An aggregate emission limit of 17.0 lbs SO2/hr, based on a 30-day rolling average, shall apply to Furnace 11 (EU100/EU104) and Furnace 12 (EU110/EU114) beginning February 2, 2026. To determine the aggregate emission rate, the combined SO2 emissions from Furnace 11 and Furnace 12 shall be divided by the total hours of operation of the two furnaces during every rolling 30-day period.
(B)
Compliance with these emission limits shall be demonstrated with data collected by a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) for SO2.
(C)
Emissions resulting from the combustion of fuel oil are not included in the calculation of the 30-day rolling average. However, if any fuel oil is burned after the first day that SO2 CEMS are required to be operational, then the information specified in (b)(2)(vii) must be submitted, for each calendar year, to the Regional Administrator at
[email protected] no later than 30 days after the end of each calendar year so that a limit can be set.
(D)
The owner or operator may submit to EPA for approval an alternative monitoring procedure request. The request shall include at least one year of CEMS data demonstrating consistent values at or below 5 lbs SO2/hr. The alternative monitoring procedure request shall not remove the obligation to maintain and operate a flow rate monitor in the stack. If approved, the owner or operator would not be required to operate the SO2 CEMS and may demonstrate continuous compliance using an emission factor derived from the average of at least one year of existing SO2 data using the procedure set forth in the site specific monitoring plan, and verified by annual stack tests using EPA approved test methods, multiplied by the daily measured flow rate as recorded by the flow rate monitor and recorded as the daily lb/hr SO2 emission rate.
(vii)
Starting with the first day that SO2 CEMS are required to be operational, for the facilities listed in
paragraphs (b)(2)(i)-(b)(2)(vi) of this section, records shall be kept for any day during which fuel oil is burned (either alone or blended with other fuels) in one or more of a facility's indurating furnaces. These records must include, at a minimum, the gallons of fuel oil burned per hour, the sulfur content of the fuel oil, and the SO2 emissions in pounds per hour. If any fuel oil is burned after the first day that SO2 CEMS are required to be operational, then the records must be submitted, for each calendar year, to the Regional Administrator no later than 30 days after the end of each calendar year.