40 C.F.R. §§ 51.900–51.918

§51.900. Definitions.

40 C.F.R. § 51.900

The following definitions apply for purposes of this subpart. Any term not defined herein shall have the meaning as defined in 40 CFR 51.100.

(a)

1-hour NAAQS means the 1-hour ozone national ambient air quality standards codified at 40 CFR 50.9.

(b)

8-hour NAAQS means the 8-hour ozone national ambient air quality standards codified at 40 CFR 50.10.

(c)

1-hour ozone design value— is the 1-hour ozone concentration calculated according to 40 CFR part 50, Appendix H and the interpretation methodology issued by the Administrator most recently before the date of the enactment of the CAA Amendments of 1990.

(d)

8-Hour ozone design value— is the 8-hour ozone concentration calculated according to 40 CFR part 50, appendix I.

(e)

CAA means the Clean Air Act as codified at 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q (2003).

(f)

Applicable requirements means for an area the following requirements to the extent such requirements apply or applied to the area for the area's classification under section 181(a)(1) of the CAA for the 1-hour NAAQS at designation for the 8-hour NAAQS:

(1)

Reasonably available control technology (RACT).

(2)

Inspection and maintenance programs (I/M).

(3)

Major source applicability cut-offs for purposes of RACT.

(4)

Rate of Progress (ROP) reductions.

(5)

Stage II vapor recovery.

(6)

Clean fuels fleet program under section 183(c)(4) of the CAA.

(7)

Clean fuels for boilers under section 182(e)(3) of the CAA.

(8)

Transportation Control Measures (TCMs) during heavy traffic hours as provided under section 182(e)(4) of the CAA.

(9)

Enhanced (ambient) monitoring under section 182(c)(1) of the CAA.

(10)

Transportation controls under section 182(c)(5) of the CAA.

(11)

Vehicle miles traveled provisions of section 182(d)(1) of the CAA.

(12)

NO<I>X</I> requirements under section 182(f) of the CAA.

(13)

Attainment demonstration or an alternative as provided under § 51.905(a)(1)(ii).

(14)

Contingency measures required under CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) that would be triggered based on a failure to attain the 1-hour NAAQS by the applicable attainment date or to make reasonable further progress toward attainment of the 1-hour NAAQS.

(g)

Attainment year ozone season shall mean the ozone season immediately preceding a nonattainment area's attainment date.

(h)

Designation for the 8-hour NAAQS shall mean the effective date of the 8-hour designation for an area.

(i)

Higher classification/lower classification. For purposes of determining whether a classification is higher or lower, classifications are ranked from lowest to highest as follows: classification under subpart 1 of the CAA; marginal; moderate; serious; severe-15; severe-17; and extreme.

(j)

Initially designated means the first designation that becomes effective for an area for the 8-hour NAAQS and does not include a redesignation to attainment or nonattainment for that standard.

(k)

Maintenance area for the 1-hour NAAQS means an area that was designated nonattainment for the 1-hour NAAQS on or after November 15, 1990 and was redesignated to attainment for the 1-hour NAAQS subject to a maintenance plan as required by section 175A of the CAA.

(l)

Nitrogen Oxides (NO— X) means the sum of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide in the flue gas or emission point, collectively expressed as nitrogen dioxide.

(m)

NO— X SIP Call means the rules codified at 40 CFR 51.121 and 51.122.

(n)

Ozone season means for each State, the ozone monitoring season as defined in 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix D, section 2.5 for that State.

(o)

Ozone transport region means the area established by section 184(a) of the CAA or any other area established by the Administrator pursuant to section 176A of the CAA for purposes of ozone.

(p)

Reasonable further progress (RFP) means for the purposes of the 8-hour NAAQS, the progress reductions required under section 172(c)(2) and section 182(b)(1) and (c)(2)(B) and (c)(2)(C) of the CAA.

(q)

Rate of progress (ROP) means for purposes of the 1-hour NAAQS, the progress reductions required under section 172(c)(2) and section 182(b)(1) and (c)(2)(B) and (c)(2)(C) of the CAA.

(r)

Revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS means the time at which the 1-hour NAAQS no longer apply to an area pursuant to 40 CFR 50.9(b).

(s)

Subpart 1—

(CAA)

means subpart 1 of part D of title I of the CAA.

(t)

Subpart 2—

(CAA)

means subpart 2 of part D of title I of the CAA.

(u)

Attainment Area— means, unless otherwise indicated, an area designated as either attainment, unclassifiable, or attainment/unclassifiable.

(v)

Summer day emissions means an average day's emissions for a typical summer work weekday. The state will select the particular month(s) in summer and the day(s) in the work week to be represented. The selection of conditions should be coordinated with the conditions assumed in the development of RFP plans, ROP plans and demonstrations, and/or emissions budgets for transportation conformity, to allow comparability of daily emission estimates.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, as amended at 70 FR 30604, May 26, 2005; 77 FR 28441, May 14, 2012; 80 FR 8799, Feb. 19, 2015]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, as amended at 70 FR 30604, May 26, 2005; 77 FR 28441, May 14, 2012; 80 FR 8799, Feb. 19, 2015]

§51.901. Applicability of part 51.

40 C.F.R. § 51.901

The provisions in subparts A through W of part 51 apply to areas for purposes of the 8-hour NAAQS to the extent they are not inconsistent with the provisions of this subpart.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

§51.902. Which classification and nonattainment area planning provisions of the CAA shall apply to areas designated nonattainment for the 1997 8-hour NAAQS?

40 C.F.R. § 51.902

(a)

An area designated nonattainment for the 1997 8-hour NAAQS will be classified in accordance with section 181 of the CAA, as interpreted in § 51.903(a), for purposes of the 1997 8-hour NAAQS, and will be subject to the requirements of subpart 2 that apply for that classification.

(b)

[Reserved]

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[77 FR 28841, May 14, 2012]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[77 FR 28841, May 14, 2012]

§51.903. How do the classification and attainment date provisions in section 181 of subpart 2 of the CAA apply to areas subject to § 51.902(a)?

40 C.F.R. § 51.903

(a)

In accordance with section 181(a)(1) of the CAA, each area subject to § 51.902(a) shall be classified by operation of law at the time of designation. However, the classification shall be based on the 8-hour design value for the area, in accordance with Table 1 below, or such higher or lower classification as the State may request as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section. The 8-hour design value for the area shall be calculated using the three most recent years of air quality data. For each area classified under this section, the primary NAAQS attainment date for the 8-hour NAAQS shall be as expeditious as practicable but not later than the date provided in the following Table 1.

(b)

A State may request a higher classification for any reason in accordance with section 181(b)(3) of the CAA.

(c)

A State may request a lower classification in accordance with section 181(a)(4) of the CAA.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

§51.904. How do the classification and attainment date provisions in section 172(a) of subpart 1 of the CAA apply to areas subject to § 51.902(b)?

40 C.F.R. § 51.904

(a)

Classification. The Administrator may classify an area subject to § 51.902(b) as an overwhelming transport area if:

(1)

The area meets the criteria as specified for rural transport areas under section 182(h) of the CAA;

(2)

Transport of ozone and/or precursors into the area is so overwhelming that the contribution of local emissions to observed 8-hour ozone concentration above the level of the NAAQS is relatively minor; and

(3)

The Administrator finds that sources of VOC (and, where the Administrator determines relevant, NOX) emissions within the area do not make a significant contribution to the ozone concentrations measured in other areas.

(b)

Attainment dates. For an area subject to § 51.902(b), the Administrator will approve an attainment date consistent with the attainment date timing provision of section 172(a)(2)(A) of the CAA at the time the Administrator approves an attainment demonstration for the area.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

§51.905. How do areas transition from the 1-hour NAAQS to the 1997 8-hour NAAQS and what are the anti-backsliding provisions?

40 C.F.R. § 51.905

(a)

What requirements that applied in an area for the 1-hour NAAQS continue to apply after revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS for that area?

(1)

8-Hour NAAQS Nonattainment/1-Hour NAAQS Nonattainment. The following requirements apply to an area designated nonattainment for the 8-hour NAAQS and designated nonattainment for the 1-hour NAAQS at the time of designation for the 8-hour NAAQS for that area.

(i)

The area remains subject to the obligation to adopt and implement the applicable requirements as defined in § 51.900(f), except as provided in paragraph (a)(1)(iii) of this section, and except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section.

(ii)

If the area has not met its obligation to have a fully-approved attainment demonstration SIP for the 1-hour NAAQS, the State must comply with one of the following:

(A)

Submit a 1-hour attainment demonstration no later than 1 year after designation;

(B)

Submit a RFP plan for the 8-hour NAAQS no later than 1-year following designations for the 8-hour NAAQS providing a 5 percent increment of emissions reduction from the area's 2002 emissions baseline, which must be in addition to measures (or enforceable commitments to measures) in the SIP at the time of the effective date of designation and in addition to national or regional measures and must be achieved no later than 2 years after the required date for submission (3 years after designation).

(C)

Submit an 8-hour ozone attainment demonstration no later than 1 year following designations that demonstrates attainment of the 8-hour NAAQS by the area's attainment date; provides for 8-hour RFP for the area out to the attainment date; and for the initial period of RFP for the area (between 2003-2008), achieve the emission reductions by December 31, 2007.

(iii)

If the area has an outstanding obligation for an approved 1-hour ROP SIP, it must develop and submit to EPA all outstanding 1-hour ROP plans; where a 1-hour obligation overlaps with an 8-hour RFP requirement, the State's 8-hour RFP plan can be used to satisfy the 1-hour ROP obligation if the 8-hour RFP plan has an emission target at least as stringent as the 1-hour ROP emission target in each of the 1-hour ROP target years for which the 1-hour ROP obligation exists.

(2)

8-Hour NAAQS Nonattainment/1-Hour NAAQS Maintenance. An area designated nonattainment for the 8-hour NAAQS that is a maintenance area for the 1-hour NAAQS at the time of designation for the 8-hour NAAQS for that area remains subject to the obligation to implement the applicable requirements as defined in § 51.900 (f) to the extent such obligations are required by the approved SIP, except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section. Applicable measures in the SIP must continue to be implemented; however, if these measures were shifted to contingency measures prior to designation for the 8-hour NAAQS for the area, they may remain as contingency measures, unless the measures are required to be implemented by the CAA by virtue of the area's requirements under the 8-hour NAAQS. The State may not remove such measures from the SIP.

(3)

8-Hour NAAQS Attainment/1-Hour NAAQS Nonattainment—

(i)

Obligations in an approved SIP. For an area that is 8-hour NAAQS attainment/1-hour NAAQS nonattainment, the State may request that obligations under the applicable requirements of § 51.900(f) be shifted to contingency measures, consistent with sections 110(l) and 193 of the CAA, after revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS; however, the State cannot remove the obligations from the SIP. For such areas, the State may request that the nonattainment NSR provisions be removed from the SIP on or after the date of revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS and need not be shifted to contingency measures subject to paragraph (e)(4) of this section.

(ii)

Attainment demonstration and ROP plans.

(A)

To the extent an 8-hour NAAQS attainment/1-hour NAAQS nonattainment area does not have an approved attainment demonstration or ROP plan that was required for the 1-hour NAAQS under the CAA, the obligation to submit such an attainment demonstration or ROP plan

(1) Is deferred for so long as the area continues to maintain the 8-hour NAAQS; and

(2) No longer applies once the area has an approved maintenance plan pursuant to paragraph (a)(3)(iii) of this section.

(B)

For an 8-hour NAAQS attainment/1-hour NAAQS nonattainment area that violates the 8-hour NAAQS, prior to having an approved maintenance plan for the 8-hour NAAQS as provided under paragraph (a)(3)(iii) of this section, paragraphs (a)(3)(ii)(B)(1), (2), and (3) of this section shall apply.

(1) In lieu of any outstanding obligation to submit an attainment demonstration, within 1 year after the date on which EPA publishes a determination that a violation of the 8-hour NAAQS has occurred, the State must submit (or revise a submitted) maintenance plan for the 8-hour NAAQS, as provided under paragraph (a)(3)(iii) of this section, to—

(i) Address the violation by relying on modeling that meets EPA guidance for purposes of demonstrating maintenance of the NAAQS; or

(ii) Submit a SIP providing for a 3 percent increment of emissions reductions from the area's 2002 emissions baseline; these reductions must be in addition to measures (or enforceable commitments to measures) in the SIP at the time of the effective date of designation and in addition to national or regional measures.

(2) The plan required under paragraph (a)(3)(ii)(B)(1) of this section must provide for the emission reductions required within 3 years after the date on which EPA publishes a determination that a violation of the 8-hour NAAQS has occurred.

(3) The State shall submit an ROP plan to achieve any outstanding ROP reductions that were required for the area for the 1-hour NAAQS, and the 3-year period or periods for achieving the ROP reductions will begin January 1 of the year following the 3-year period on which EPA bases its determination that a violation of the 8-hour NAAQS occurred.

(iii)

Maintenance plans for the 8-hour NAAQS. For areas initially designated attainment for the 8-hour NAAQS, and designated nonattainment for the 1-hour NAAQS at the time of designation for the 8-hour NAAQS, the State shall submit no later than 3 years after the area's designation for the 8-hour NAAQS, a maintenance plan for the 8-hour NAAQS in accordance with section 110(a)(1) of the CAA. The maintenance plan must provide for continued maintenance of the 8-hour NAAQS for 10 years following designation and must include contingency measures. This provision does not apply to areas redesignated from nonattainment to attainment for the 8-hour NAAQS pursuant to CAA section 107(d)(3); such areas are subject to the maintenance plan requirement in section 175A of the CAA.

(4)

8-Hour NAAQS Attainment/1-Hour NAAQS Maintenance—

(i)

Obligations in an approved SIP. For an 8-hour NAAQS attainment/1-hour NAAQS maintenance area, the State may request that obligations under the applicable requirements of § 51.900(f) be shifted to contingency measures, consistent with sections 110(l) and 193 of the CAA, after revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS; however, the State cannot remove the obligations from the SIP.

(ii)

Maintenance Plans for the 8-hour NAAQS. For areas initially designated attainment for the 8-hour NAAQS and subject to the maintenance plan for the 1-hour NAAQS at the time of designation for the 8-hour NAAQS, the State shall submit no later than 3 years after the area's designation for the 8-hour NAAQS, a maintenance plan for the 8-hour NAAQS in accordance with section 110(a)(1) of the CAA. The maintenance plan must provide for continued maintenance of the 8-hour NAAQS for 10 years following designation and must include contingency measures. This provision does not apply to areas redesignated from nonattainment to attainment for the 8-hour NAAQS pursuant to section 107(d)(3); such areas are subject to the maintenance plan requirement in section 175A of the CAA.

(b)

Does attainment of the ozone NAAQS affect the obligations under paragraph (a) of this section? A State remains subject to the obligations under paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(2) of this section until the area attains the 8-hour NAAQS. After the area attains the 8-hour NAAQS, the State may request such obligations be shifted to contingency measures, consistent with sections 110(l) and 193 of the CAA; however, the State cannot remove the obligations from the SIP. Once an area attains the 1-hour NAAQS, the section 172 and 182 contingency measures under the 1-hour NAAQS can be shifted to contingency measures for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS and must remain in the SIP until the area is redesignated to attainment for the 1997 8-hour NAAQS.

(c)

Which portions of an area designated for the 8-hour NAAQS remain subject to the obligations identified in paragraph (a) of this section?

(1)

Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, only the portion of the designated area for the 8-hour NAAQS that was required to adopt the applicable requirements in § 51.900(f) for purposes of the 1-hour NAAQS is subject to the obligations identified in paragraph (a) of this section, including the requirement to submit a maintenance plan for purposes of paragraph (a)(3)(iii) of this section. 40 CFR part 81, subpart C identifies the boundaries of areas and the area designations and classifications for the 1-hour NAAQS in place as of the effective date of designation for the 8-hour NAAQS.

(2)

For purposes of paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(B) and (C) of this section, the requirement to achieve emission reductions applies to the entire area designated nonattainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS.

(d)

[Reserved]

(e)

What obligations that applied for the 1-hour NAAQS will no longer apply after revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS for an area?

(1)

Maintenance plans. Upon revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS, an area with an approved 1-hour maintenance plan under section 175A of the CAA may modify the maintenance plan: To remove the obligation to submit a maintenance plan for the 1-hour NAAQS 8 years after approval of the initial 1-hour maintenance plan; and to remove the obligation to implement contingency measures upon a violation of the 1-hour NAAQS. However, such requirements will remain enforceable as part of the approved SIP until such time as EPA approves a SIP revision removing such obligations. The EPA shall not approve a SIP revision requesting these modifications until the State submits and EPA approves an attainment demonstration for the 8-hour NAAQS for an area initially designated nonattainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS or a maintenance SIP for the 8-hour NAAQS for an area initially designated attainment for the 8-hour NAAQS. Any revision to such SIP must meet the requirements of section 110(l) and 193 of the CAA.

(2)

Findings of failure to attain the 1-hour NAAQS.

(i)

Upon revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS for an area, EPA is no longer obligated—

(A)

To determine pursuant to section 181(b)(2) or section 179(c) of the CAA whether an area attained the 1-hour NAAQS by that area's attainment date for the 1-hour NAAQS; or

(B)

To reclassify an area to a higher classification for the 1-hour NAAQS based upon a determination that the area failed to attain the 1-hour NAAQS by the area's attainment date for the 1-hour NAAQS.

(ii)

-(iii) [Reserved]

(3)

Conformity determinations for the 1-hour NAAQS. Upon revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS for an area, conformity determinations pursuant to section 176(c) of the CAA are no longer required for the 1-hour NAAQS. At that time, any provisions of applicable SIPs that require conformity determinations in such areas for the 1-hour NAAQS will no longer be enforceable pursuant to section 176(c)(5) of the CAA.

(f)

What is the continued applicability of the— NOX SIP Call after revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS? The NOX SIP Call shall continue to apply after revocation of the 1-hour NAAQS. Control obligations approved into the SIP pursuant to 40 CFR 51.121 and 51.122 may be modified by the State only if the requirements of §§ 51.121 and 51.122, including the statewide NOX emission budgets, continue to be met and the State makes a showing consistent with section 110(l) of the CAA.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, as amended at 70 FR 30604, May 26, 2005; 70 FR 44474, Aug. 3, 2005; 77 FR 28441, May 14, 2012]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, as amended at 70 FR 30604, May 26, 2005; 70 FR 44474, Aug. 3, 2005; 77 FR 28441, May 14, 2012]

§51.906. Redesignation to nonattainment following initial designations for the 8-hour NAAQS.

40 C.F.R. § 51.906

For any area that is initially designated attainment or unclassifiable for the 8-hour NAAQS and that is subsequently redesignated to nonattainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS, any absolute, fixed date applicable in connection with the requirements of this part is extended by a period of time equal to the length of time between the effective date of the initial designation for the 8-hour NAAQS and the effective date of redesignation, except as otherwise provided in this subpart.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 71700, Nov. 29, 2005]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 71700, Nov. 29, 2005]

§51.907. For an area that fails to attain the 8-hour NAAQS by its attainment date, how does EPA interpret sections 172(a)(2)(C)(ii) and 181(a)(5)(B) of the CAA?

40 C.F.R. § 51.907

For purposes of applying sections 172(a)(2)(C) and 181(a)(5) of the CAA, an area will meet the requirement of section 172(a)(2)(C)(ii) or 181(a)(5)(B) of the CAA pertaining to 1-year extensions of the attainment date if:

(a)

For the first 1-year extension, the area's 4th highest daily 8-hour average in the attainment year is 0.084 ppm or less.

(b)

For the second 1-year extension, the area's 4th highest daily 8-hour value, averaged over both the original attainment year and the first extension year, is 0.084 ppm or less.

(c)

For purposes of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, the area's 4th highest daily 8-hour average shall be from the monitor with the highest 4th highest daily 8-hour average of all the monitors that represent that area.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

§51.908. What modeling and attainment demonstration requirements apply for purposes of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS?

40 C.F.R. § 51.908

(a)

What is the attainment demonstration requirement for an area classified as moderate or higher under subpart 2 pursuant to § 51.903? An area classified as moderate or higher under § 51.903 shall be subject to the attainment demonstration requirement applicable for that classification under section 182 of the Act, except such demonstration is due no later than 3 years after the area's designation for the 8-hour NAAQS.

(b)

What is the attainment demonstration requirement for an area subject only to subpart 1 in accordance with § 51.902(b)? An area subject to § 51.902(b) shall be subject to the attainment demonstration under section 172(c)(1) of the Act and shall submit an attainment demonstration no later than 3 years after the area's designation for the 8-hour NAAQS.

(c)

What criteria must the attainment demonstration meet? An attainment demonstration due pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) of this section must meet the requirements of § 51.112; the adequacy of an attainment demonstration shall be demonstrated by means of a photochemical grid model or any other analytical method determined by the Administrator, in the Administrator's discretion, to be at least as effective.

(d)

For each nonattainment area, the State must provide for implementation of all control measures needed for attainment no later than the beginning of the attainment year ozone season.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, as amended at 70 FR 71700, Nov. 29, 2005]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, as amended at 70 FR 71700, Nov. 29, 2005]

§51.909. Reserved

40 C.F.R. § 51.909

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

§51.910. What requirements for reasonable further progress (RFP) under sections 172(c)(2) and 182 apply for areas designated nonattainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS?

40 C.F.R. § 51.910

(a)

What are the general requirements for RFP for an area classified under subpart 2 pursuant to § 51.903? For an area classified under subpart 2 pursuant to § 51.903, the RFP requirements specified in section 182 of the Act for that area's classification shall apply.

(1)

What is the content and timing of the RFP plan required under sections 182(b)(1) and 182(c)(2)(B) of the Act for an area classified as moderate or higher pursuant to § 51.903 (subpart 2 coverage)?

(i)

Moderate or Above Area.

(A)

Except as provided in paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section, for each area classified as moderate or higher, the State shall submit a SIP revision consistent with section 182(b)(1) of the Act no later than 3 years after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS for the area. The 6-year period referenced in section 182(b)(1) of the Act shall begin January 1 of the year following the year used for the baseline emissions inventory.

(B)

For each area classified as serious or higher, the State shall submit a SIP revision consistent with section 182(c)(2)(B) of the Act no later than 3 years after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS. The final increment of progress must be achieved no later than the attainment date for the area.

(ii)

Area with Approved 1-hour Ozone 15 Percent VOC ROP Plan. An area classified as moderate or higher that has the same boundaries as an area, or is entirely composed of several areas or portions of areas, for which EPA fully approved a 15 percent plan for the 1-hour NAAQS is considered to have met section 182(b)(1) of the Act for the 8-hour NAAQS and instead:

(A)

If classified as moderate, the area is subject to RFP under section 172(c)(2) of the Act and shall submit no later than 3 years after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS a SIP revision that meets the requirements of paragraph (b)(2) of this section, consistent with the attainment date established in the attainment demonstration SIP.

(B)

If classified as serious or higher, the area is subject to RFP under section 182(c)(2)(B) of the Act and shall submit no later than 3 years after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS an RFP SIP providing for an average of 3 percent per year of VOC and/or NOX emissions reductions for

(1) the 6-year period beginning January 1 of the year following the year used for the baseline emissions inventory; and

(2) all remaining 3-year periods after the first 6-year period out to the area's attainment date.

(iii)

Moderate and Above Area for Which Only a Portion Has an Approved 1-hour Ozone 15 Percent VOC ROP Plan. An area classified as moderate or higher that contains one or more areas, or portions of areas, for which EPA fully approved a 15 percent plan for the 1-hour NAAQS as well as areas for which EPA has not fully approved a 15 percent plan for the 1-hour NAAQS shall meet the requirements of either paragraph (a)(1)(iii)(A) or (B) below.

(A)

The State shall not distinguish between the portion of the area that previously met the 15 percent VOC reduction requirement and the portion of the area that did not, and

(1) The State shall submit a SIP revision consistent with section 182(b)(1) of the Act no later than 3 years after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS for the entire area. The 6-year period referenced in section 182(b)(1) of the Act shall begin January 1 of the year following the year used for the baseline emissions inventory.

(2) For each area classified as serious or higher, the State shall submit a SIP revision consistent with section 182(c)(2)(B) of the Act no later than 3 years after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS. The final increment of progress must be achieved no later than the attainment date for the area.

(B)

The State shall treat the area as two parts, each with a separate RFP target as follows:

(1) For the portion of the area without an approved 15 percent VOC RFP plan for the 1-hour standard, the State shall submit a SIP revision consistent with section 182(b)(1) of the Act no later than 3 years after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS for the area. The 6-year period referenced in section 182(b)(1) of the Act shall begin January 1 of the year following the year used for the baseline emissions inventory. Emissions reductions to meet this requirement may come from anywhere within the 8-hour nonattainment area.

(2) For the portion of the area with an approved 15 percent VOC plan for the 1-hour NAAQS, the State shall submit a SIP as required under paragraph (b)(2)of this section.

(2)

What restrictions apply on the creditability of emission control measures for the RFP plans required under this section? Except as specifically provided in section 182(b)(1)(C) and (D) and section 182(c)(2)(B) of the Act, all SIP-approved or federally promulgated emissions reductions that occur after the baseline emissions inventory year are creditable for purposes of the RFP requirements in this section, provided the reductions meet the requirements for creditability, including the need to be enforceable, permanent, quantifiable and surplus, as described for purposes of State economic incentive programs in the requirements of § 51.493 of this part.

(b)

How does the RFP requirement of section 172(c)(2) of the Act apply to areas subject to that requirement?

(1)

An area subject to the RFP requirement of subpart 1 pursuant to § 51.902(b) or a moderate area subject to subpart 2 as covered in paragraphs (a)(1)(ii)(A) of this section shall meet the RFP requirements of section 172(c)(2) of the Act as provided in paragraph (b)(2) of this section.

(2)

The State shall submit no later than 3 years following designation for the 8-hour NAAQS a SIP providing for RFP consistent with the following:

(i)

For each area with an attainment demonstration requesting an attainment date of 5 years or less after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS, the attainment demonstration SIP shall require that all emissions reductions needed for attainment be implemented by the beginning of the attainment year ozone season.

(ii)

For each area with an attainment demonstration requesting an attainment date more than 5 years after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS, the attainment demonstration SIP—

(A)

Shall provide for a 15 percent emission reduction from the baseline year within 6 years after the baseline year.

(B)

May use either NOX or VOC emissions reductions (or both) to achieve the 15 percent emission reduction requirement. Use of NOX emissions reductions must meet the criteria in section 182(c)(2)(C) of the Act.

(C)

For each subsequent 3-year period out to the attainment date, the RFP SIP must provide for an additional increment of progress. The increment for each 3-year period must be a portion of the remaining emission reductions needed for attainment beyond those reductions achieved for the first increment of progress (e.g., beyond 2008 for areas designated nonattainment in June 2004). Specifically, the amount of reductions needed for attainment is divided by the number of years needed for attainment after the first increment of progress in order to establish an “annual increment.” For each 3-year period out to the attainment date, the area must achieve roughly the portion of reductions equivalent to three annual increments.

(c)

What method should a State use to calculate RFP targets? In calculating RFP targets for the initial 6-year period and the subsequent 3-year periods pursuant to this section, the State shall use the methods consistent with the requirements of sections 182(b)(1)(C) and (D) and 182(c)(2)(B) to properly account for non-creditable reductions.

(d)

What is the baseline emissions inventory for RFP plans? For the RFP plans required under this section, the baseline emissions inventory shall be determined at the time of designation of the area for the 8-hour NAAQS and shall be the emissions inventory for the most recent calendar year for which a complete inventory is required to be submitted to EPA under the provisions of subpart A of this part or a more recent alternative baseline emissions inventory provided the State demonstrates that the baseline inventory meets the CAA provisions for RFP and provides a rationale for why it is appropriate to use the alternative baseline year rather than 2002 to comply with the CAA's RFP provisions.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 71700, Nov. 29, 2005]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 71700, Nov. 29, 2005]

§51.911. Reserved

40 C.F.R. § 51.911

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

§51.912. What requirements apply for reasonably available control technology (RACT) and reasonably available control measures (RACM) under the 8-hour NAAQS?

40 C.F.R. § 51.912

(a)

What is the RACT requirement for areas subject to subpart 2 in accordance with § 51.903?

(1)

For each area subject to subpart 2 in accordance with § 51.903 of this part and classified moderate or higher, the State shall submit a SIP revision that meets the NOX and VOC RACT requirements in sections 182(b)(2) and 182(f) of the Act.

(2)

The State shall submit the RACT SIP for each area no later than 27 months after designation for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS, except that for a State subject to the requirements of the Clean Air Interstate Rule, the State shall submit NOX RACT SIPs for electrical generating units (EGUs) no later than the date by which the area's attainment demonstration is due (prior to any reclassification under section 181(b)(3)) for the 8-hour ozone national ambient air quality standard, or July 9, 2007, whichever comes later.

(3)

The State shall provide for implementation of RACT as expeditiously as practicable but no later than the first ozone season or portion thereof which occurs 30 months after the RACT SIP is due.

(b)

How do the RACT provisions apply to a major stationary source? Volatile organic compounds and NOX are to be considered separately for purposes of determining whether a source is a major stationary source as defined in section 302 of the Act.

(c)

What is the RACT requirement for areas subject only to subpart 1 pursuant to § 51.902(b)? Areas subject only to subpart 1 pursuant to § 51.902(b) are subject to the RACT requirement specified in section 172(c)(1) of the Act.

(1)

For an area that submits an attainment demonstration that requests an attainment date 5 years or less after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS, the State shall meet the RACT requirement by submitting an attainment demonstration SIP demonstrating that the area has adopted all control measures necessary to demonstrate attainment as expeditiously as practicable.

(2)

For an area that submits an attainment demonstration that requests an attainment date more than 5 years after designation for the 8-hour NAAQS, the State shall submit a SIP consistent with the requirements of § 51.912(a) and (b) except the State shall submit the RACT SIP for each area with its request pursuant to Clean Air Act section 172(a)(2)(A) to extend the attainment date.

(d)

What is the Reasonably Available Control Measures (RACM) requirement for areas designated nonattainment for the 8-hour NAAQS? For each nonattainment area required to submit an attainment demonstration under § 51.908, the State shall submit with the attainment demonstration a SIP revision demonstrating that it has adopted all RACM necessary to demonstrate attainment as expeditiously as practicable and to meet any RFP requirements.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 71701, Nov. 29, 2005, as amended at 72 FR 31749, June 8, 2007]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 71701, Nov. 29, 2005, as amended at 72 FR 31749, June 8, 2007]

§51.913. How do the section 182(f) NO X exemption provisions apply for the 8-hour NAAQS?

40 C.F.R. § 51.913

(a)

A person may petition the Administrator for an exemption from NOX obligations under section 182(f) for any area designated nonattainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS and for any area in a section 184 ozone transport region.

(b)

The petition must contain adequate documentation that the criteria in section 182(f) are met.

(c)

A section 182(f) NOX exemption granted for the 1-hour ozone standard does not relieve the area from any NOX obligations under section 182(f) for the 8-hour ozone standard.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 71701, Nov. 29, 2005]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 71701, Nov. 29, 2005]

§51.914. What new source review requirements apply for 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas?

40 C.F.R. § 51.914

The requirements for new source review for the 8-hour ozone standard are located in § 51.165 of this part.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 71702, Nov. 29, 2005]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 71702, Nov. 29, 2005]

§51.915. What emissions inventory requirements apply under the 8-hour NAAQS?

40 C.F.R. § 51.915

For each nonattainment area subject to subpart 2 in accordance with § 51.903, the emissions inventory requirements in sections 182(a)(1) and 182(a)(3) of the Act shall apply, and such SIP shall be due no later 2 years after designation. For each nonattainment area subject only to title I, part D, subpart 1 of the Act in accordance with § 51.902(b), the emissions inventory requirement in section 172(c)(3) of the Act shall apply, and an emission inventory SIP shall be due no later 3 years after designation. The state must report to the EPA summer day emissions of NOX and VOC from all point sources, nonpoint sources, onroad mobile sources, and nonroad mobile sources. The state shall report emissions as point sources according to the point source emissions thresholds of the Air Emissions Reporting Rule (AERR), 40 CFR part 51, subpart A. The detail of the emissions inventory shall be consistent with the data elements required by 40 CFR part 51, subpart A.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[80 FR 8799, Feb. 19, 2015]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[80 FR 8799, Feb. 19, 2015]

§51.916. What are the requirements for an Ozone Transport Region under the 8-hour NAAQS?

40 C.F.R. § 51.916

(a)

In General. Sections 176A and 184 of the Act apply for purposes of the 8-hour NAAQS.

(b)

RACT Requirements for Certain Portions of an Ozone Transport Region.

(1)

The State shall submit a SIP revision that meets the RACT requirements of section 184 of the Act for each area that is located in an ozone transport region and that is—

(i)

Designated as attainment or unclassifiable for the 8-hour standard;

(ii)

Designated nonattainment and classified as marginal for the 8-hour standard; or

(iii)

Designated nonattainment and covered solely under subpart 1 of part D, title I of the CAA for the 8-hour standard.

(2)

The State is required to submit the RACT revision no later than September 16, 2006 and shall provide for implementation of RACT as expeditiously as practicable but no later than May 1, 2009.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 71702, Nov. 29, 2005]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 71702, Nov. 29, 2005]

§51.917. What is the effective date of designation for the Las Vegas, NV, 8-hour ozone nonattainment area?

40 C.F.R. § 51.917

The Las Vegas, NV, 8-hour ozone nonattainment area (designated on September 17, 2004 (69 FR 55956)) shall be treated as having an effective date of designation of June 15, 2004, for purposes of calculating SIP submission deadlines, attainment dates, or any other deadline under this subpart.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 71702, Nov. 29, 2005]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 71702, Nov. 29, 2005]

§51.918. Can any SIP planning requirements be suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air quality data that meets the NAAQS?

40 C.F.R. § 51.918

Upon a determination by EPA that an area designated nonattainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS has attained the standard, the requirements for such area to submit attainment demonstrations and associated reasonably available control measures, reasonable further progress plans, contingency measures, and other planning SIPs related to attainment of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS shall be suspended until such time as: the area is redesignated to attainment, at which time the requirements no longer apply; or EPA determines that the area has violated the 8-hour ozone NAAQS.

Notes, amendments, and revision history

Amendments

[70 FR 71702, Nov. 29, 2005]

Source

Source: 69 FR 23996, Apr. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.

Authority

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Source

Source: 36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

Amendments

[70 FR 71702, Nov. 29, 2005]