Section 1 Short title
This Act may be cited as the “Global Respect Act”.
Global Respect Act
A BILL
To impose sanctions with respect to foreign persons responsible for violations of the human rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI) individuals, and for other purposes.
Sec. 2 Findings
Congress finds the following:
The dignity, freedom, and equality of all human beings are fundamental to a thriving global community.
The rights to life, liberty, and security of the person, the right to privacy, and the right to freedom of expression and association are fundamental human rights.
Many countries are making positive developments in the protection of the basic human rights of LGBQTI individuals.
The alarming trend of increasing violence directed at LGBTQI individuals around the world continues.
Approximately 1/3 of all countries have laws criminalizing consensual same-sex relations, and 12 countries carry the possibility of the death penalty.
Laws criminalizing consensual same-sex relations severely hinder access to HIV/AIDS treatment, information, and preventive measures for LGBTQI individuals and families.
Celebrations of LGBTQI individuals and communities, such as film festivals, Pride events, and demonstrations, are often forced underground due to inaction on the part of, or harassment by, local law enforcement and government officials, in violation of freedoms of assembly and expression.
Every year, countless individuals around the world are targeted for discrimination, harassment, arbitrary arrest and detention, physical attack, and murder on the basis of their actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity, or sex characteristics.
Those who commit crimes against LGBTQI individuals often do so with impunity, and are not held accountable for their crimes.
Homophobic and transphobic statements by government officials in many countries in every region of the world promote negative public attitudes and can lead to increased discrimination and violence toward LGBTQI individuals.
In many instances, police, prison, military, and civilian government authorities have been directly complicit in abuses aimed at LGBTQI citizens, including arbitrary arrest, extortion, cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment, torture, and sexual abuse.
Sec. 3 Sanctions on individuals responsible for violations of humanrights against LGBTQI people
In general— Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act and biannually thereafter, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of each foreign person the President determines, based on credible information, including information obtained by other countries or by nongovernmental organizations that monitor violations of human rights—
is responsible for, or complicit in, with respect to persons based on actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity, or sex characteristics—
torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment;
prolonged detention without charges and a trial;
causing the disappearance of such persons by the abduction and clandestine detention of such persons; or
other flagrant denial of the right to life, liberty, or the security of such persons; or
acted as an agent of or on behalf of a foreign person in a matter relating to an activity described in paragraph (1).
Form; updates; removal—
Form— The list required by subsection (a) shall be transmitted in unclassified form and published in the Federal Register, except that the President may include a foreign person in a classified, unpublished annex to such list if the President—
determines that—
it is vital for the national security interests of the United States to do so; and
the use of such annex, and the inclusion of such person in such annex, would not undermine the overall purpose of this section to publicly identify foreign persons engaging in the conduct described in subsection (a) in order to increase accountability for such conduct; and
not later than 15 days before including such person in a classified annex, provides to the appropriate congressional committees notice of, and a justification for, including or continuing to include each foreign person in such annex despite the existence of any publicly available credible information indicating that each such foreign person engaged in an activity described in subsection (a).
Updates— The President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees an update of the list required by subsection (a) as new information becomes available.
Removal— A foreign person may be removed from the list required by subsection (a) if the President determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees, not later than 15 days before the removal of such person from such list, that—
new, credible information is discovered confirming that such person did not in fact engage in the activity for which the person was included in such list;
such person has been prosecuted appropriately for the activity in which such person engaged;
such person has credibly demonstrated a significant change in behavior, has paid an appropriate consequence for the activities in which such person engaged, and has credibly committed to not engage in an activity described in subsection (a); or
removal of such sanctions is in the vital national security interests of the United States.
Public submission of information— The President shall issue public guidance, including through United States diplomatic and consular posts, setting forth the manner by which the names of foreign persons that may meet the criteria to be included on the list required by subsection (a) may be submitted to the Department of State for evaluation.
Requests from chair and ranking member of appropriate congressional committees—
Consideration of information— In addition to the guidance issued pursuant to subsection (c), the President shall also consider information provided by the Chair or Ranking Member of each of the appropriate congressional committees in determining whether to include a foreign person in the list required by subsection (a).
Requests— Not later than 120 days after receiving a written request from the Chair or Ranking Member of one of the appropriate congressional committees with respect to whether a foreign person meets the criteria for being included in the list required by subsection (a), the President shall transmit a response to such Chair or Ranking Member, as the case may be, with respect to the President's determination relating to such foreign person.
Removal— If the President removes from the list required by subsection (a) a foreign person that had been included in such list pursuant to a request under paragraph (2), the President shall provide to the relevant Chair or Ranking Member of the appropriate congressional committees any information that contributed to such decision.
Form— The President may transmit a response required by paragraph (2) or paragraph (3) in classified form if the President determines that it is necessary for the national security interests of the United States to do so.
Inadmissibility of certain individuals—
Visas, admission, or parole— An alien who the Secretary of State or the Secretary of Homeland Security (or a designee of one of such Secretaries) knows, or has reason to believe, is described in subsection (a) is—
inadmissible to the United States;
ineligible for a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and
otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
Current visas revoked—
In general— The issuing consular officer, the Secretary of State, or the Secretary of Homeland Security (or a designee of one of such Secretaries) shall, in accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), revoke any visa or other entry documentation issued to an alien described in subparagraph (A) regardless of when the visa or other entry documentation is issued.
Effect of revocation— A revocation under clause (i)—
shall take effect immediately; and
shall automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the alien’s possession.
Sense of Congress with respect to additional sanctions— It is the sense of Congress that the President should impose additional targeted sanctions with respect to foreign persons on the list required by subsection (a) to push for accountability for flagrant denials of the right to life, liberty, or the security of the person, through the use of designations and targeted sanctions provided for such conduct under other existing authorities.
Exceptions—
Exception with respect to national security— This section shall not apply with respect to—
activities subject to the reporting requirements under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.); or
any authorized intelligence or law enforcement activities of the United States.
Exception to comply with international obligations— Sanctions under paragraphs (1) and (2) shall not apply with respect to a person if admitting or paroling the person into the United States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States or other applicable international obligations.
Exception for certain immediate family members—
In general— A covered individual shall not be subject to sanctions under this section if the President certifies to the appropriate congressional committees, in accordance with clause (ii), that such individual has a reasonable fear of persecution based on—
actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity, or sex characteristics;
race, religion, or nationality; or
political opinion or membership in a particular social group.
Determination and certification— A certification under clause (i) shall be made not later than 30 days after the date of the determination required by such clause. Any proceedings relating to such determination shall not be publicly available.
Covered individual— For purposes of this subparagraph, the term “covered individual” means an individual who is an immediate family member of foreign person on the list required by subsection (a).
Waiver— The President may waive the application of sanctions or restrictions imposed with respect to a foreign person under this section if the President certifies to the appropriate congressional committees, not later than 15 days before such waiver is to take effect, that the waiver is vital to the national interest of the United States.
Report to Congress— Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President, acting through the Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on—
the actions taken to carry out this section, including—
the number of foreign persons added to or removed from the list required by subsection (a) during the year preceding each such report, the dates on which such persons were so added or removed, and the reasons for so adding or removing such persons; and
an analysis that compares increases or decreases in the number of such persons added or removed year-over-year and the reasons therefor;
any efforts by the President to coordinate with the governments of other countries, as appropriate, to impose sanctions that are similar to the sanctions imposed under this section;
the impact of the sanctions imposed under this section with respect to altering the behavior of each of the foreign persons included, as of the date of submission of the report, in the list required by subsection (a); and
steps the Department can take to improve coordination with foreign governments, civil society groups, and the private sector, to prevent the commission of the human rights violations described in section 3(a)(1) against persons based on actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity, or sex characteristics.
Form; publication— The report required by subsection (f) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex. The unclassified portion of such report shall be published on a publicly available website of the Department of State.
Definitions— In this section:
Appropriate congressional committees— The term “appropriate congressional committees” means—
the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Homeland Security, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives; and
the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate.
Immediate family member— The term “immediate family member” has the meaning given such term for purposes of section 7031(c) of division K of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021.
Rule of construction— Nothing in this section may be construed to allow the imposition of sanctions with respect to, or otherwise authorize any other action against, any foreign person based solely upon religious belief.
Sec. 4 Discrimination related to sexual orientation, gender identity, or sex characteristics
Tracking violence or criminalization related to sexual orientation or gender identity— The Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor shall designate 1 or more bureau-based senior officer or officers, who shall be responsible for tracking violence, criminalization, and restrictions on the enjoyment of fundamental freedoms in foreign countries based on actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity, or sex characteristics.
Annual country reports on human rights practices— The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended—
in section 116(d) (22 U.S.C. 2151n(d))—
in paragraph (11)(C), by striking “and” after the semicolon at the end;
in paragraph (12)—
in subparagraph (B), by striking “and” after the semicolon at the end; and
in subparagraph (C)(ii), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and
by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
“(13) Wherever applicable, information relating to violence or discrimination that affects fundamental freedoms, including widespread or systematic violation of the freedoms of expression, association, or assembly, of individuals in foreign countries that is based on actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity, or sex characteristics.”
in section 502B(b) (22 U.S.C. 2304(b)), by inserting after the ninth sentence the following new sentence: “Wherever applicable, such report shall also include information relating to violence or discrimination that affects the fundamental freedoms, including widespread or systematic violation of the freedoms of expression, association, or assembly, of individuals in foreign countries that is based on actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity, or sex characteristics.”.