H.R. 6028 — what changed
Legislative Branch Agencies Clarification Act
From Introduced in House to Engrossed in House. 3 sections amended and 1 added between Introduced in House and Engrossed in House.
Sec. 3 Deputy Librarian of Congress
The Librarian of Congress Succession Modernization Act of 2015 (Public Law 114–86; 129 Stat. 675), is amended by inserting after section 3, as so redesignated, the following:
“4. Deputy Librarian of Congress
“(a) Establishment of Deputy Librarian
“(1) In general—The Librarian shall appoint a suitable individual to be the Deputy Librarian of Congress.
“(2) Duties—The Librarian may delegate to the Deputy Librarian such duties as the Librarian determines are necessary or appropriate.
“(b) Deadline—The Librarian shall appoint a Deputy Librarian under subsection (a)(1) not later than 120 days after—
“(1) the date on which the Librarian is appointed under section 3, if there is no Deputy Librarian on the date of the appointment; or
“(2) the date on which a vacancy arises in the office of the Deputy Librarian.
changed
“(c) Failure To to appoint—If the Librarian does not appoint a Deputy Librarian on or before the applicable date specified in subsection (b)—
“(1) the oversight committee leadership shall jointly recommend an individual for appointment to the vacant office; and
“(2) upon a majority vote of the House and Senate leadership, the individual recommended under paragraph (1) shall be appointed as the Deputy Librarian.
“(d) Notification—If the position of Deputy Librarian becomes vacant, the Librarian shall immediately notify the members of the commission.
“(e) Service as acting Librarian
“(1) In general—The Deputy Librarian shall act as Librarian if the Librarian is absent or disabled or there is no Librarian.
“(2) Absence, disability, or vacancy in Office of Deputy Librarian
“(A) In general—For purposes of paragraph (1), if the Deputy Librarian is also absent or disabled or there is no Deputy Librarian—
“(i) the oversight committee leadership shall jointly recommend an individual to be designated to serve as acting Librarian; and
“(ii) upon a majority vote of the members of the House and Senate leadership, the individual recommended under clause (i) shall be designated to serve as acting Librarian.
“(B) Period of appointment—An individual designated as acting Librarian under subparagraph (A) may serve until—
“(i) the end of the absence or disability of the Librarian or the Deputy Librarian; or
“(ii) in the case of vacancies in both positions, a Librarian has been appointed under section 3.
“(3) Authority—An officer serving as acting Librarian under paragraph (1) or (2) shall perform all the duties and exercise all the authorities of the Librarian, including the authority to delegate the duties and authorities of the Librarian.”
Sec. 6 Copyright Office
Removing supervisory authority of Library of Congress over Copyright Office—
In general— Title 17, United States Code, is amended—
in chapter 1—
in section 111(d)—
in paragraph (2), in the second sentence, by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in paragraph (4)—
in subparagraph (B), in the second sentence, by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in subparagraph (C), by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”;
in section 112(e)(5), by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”;
in section 114(f)(2), by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”;
in section 115(d)—
in paragraph (3)(A)(iv), by striking “, with the approval of the Librarian of Congress pursuant to section 702,”; and
in paragraph (5)(A)(iv), by striking “, with the approval of the Librarian of Congress pursuant to section 702,”;
in section 118(b)(2), by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in section 119(b)—
in paragraph (3), in the second sentence, by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in paragraph (5)—
in subparagraph (B), in the second sentence, by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in subparagraph (C), by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”;
in chapter 7—
in section 701—
in subsection (a)—
in the first sentence, by striking “of the Library of Congress”; and
changed
by striking the second sentence and inserting the following: “The Register of Copyrights shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, but before the President makes such an appointment, the chair and ranking minority member of each of the Committee on House Administration of the House of Representatives, the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives Representatives, the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate shall jointly recommend 3 individuals whom the President may consider in making the appointment. The subordinate officers and employees of the Copyright Office shall be appointed by the Register of Copyrights.”;
in subsection (d)—
in the first sentence, by striking “the Librarian of”; and
by striking the second sentence; and
in subsection (f), by striking the second and third sentences and inserting the following: “The Register of Copyrights shall establish not more than 4 positions for Associate Registers of Copyrights and shall make appointments to those positions.”;
changed
in section 702, by striking the second sentence; sentence and inserting “The Register shall consult with the Librarian of Congress prior to establishing regulations that affect deposits made under sections 407 and 704 of this title. The Register shall consult with the Librarian of Congress before establishing any regulation under this title that affects the authority, rights, or access of the Library of Congress under this title with respect to any material deposited in the Copyright Office.”; and
in section 704(d), by striking “joint discretion of the Register and the Librarian” and inserting “discretion of the Register, in consultation with the Librarian,”;
in chapter 8—
in section 801—
in subsection (a)—
in the first sentence, by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
by striking the second sentence;
in subsection (d), by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in subsection (e)—
in the heading, by striking “Library of Congress” and inserting “Copyright Office”; and
by striking “Library of Congress” and inserting “Copyright Office”;
in section 802—
in subsection (d)—
in paragraph (1), in the first sentence, by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in paragraph (2), by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”;
in subsection (f)(2)—
in subparagraph (A), by striking “Library of Congress” and inserting “Copyright Office”; and
in subparagraph (B), by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”;
in subsection (h), by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in subsection (i)—
by striking “Librarian of Congress” each place that term appears and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in the third sentence, by striking “Librarian” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in section 803—
in subsection (a)(1), in the second sentence—
by striking “the Librarian of Congress” and inserting “the Register of Copyrights”; and
by striking “of the Librarian of Congress or” and inserting “of”;
in subsection (b)(6)(A), in the second sentence, by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”;
in subsection (c)(6)—
by striking “Librarian of Congress” each place that term appears and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in the second sentence, by striking “Librarian” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in subsection (e)(1)—
in the paragraph heading, by striking “library of congress and”; and
in subparagraph (A)—
by striking “The Librarian of Congress” and inserting “The Register of Copyrights”; and
by striking “the Librarian of Congress, the Copyright Office, and” and inserting “the Copyright Office and”;
in section 1007—
in subsection (b), in the third sentence, by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in subsection (c), in the third sentence, by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”;
in section 1201(a)(1)—
in subparagraph (C)—
in the matter preceding clause (i)—
in the first sentence, by striking “the Librarian of Congress, upon the recommendation of the Register of Copyrights, who shall consult with the Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information of the Department of Commerce and report and comment on his or her views in making such recommendation” and inserting “the Register of Copyrights, after consultation with the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information”; and
in the second sentence, by striking “the Librarian” and inserting “the Register of Copyrights”; and
in clause (v), by striking “Librarian” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in subparagraph (D), by striking “Librarian” each place that term appears and inserting “Register of Copyrights”;
in section 1331, by striking “of the Library of Congress”; and
in chapter 15—
in section 1502(b)—
in paragraph (1)—
in the first sentence, by striking “recommend” and inserting “appoint”; and
by striking the second sentence;
in paragraph (6)—
in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking “the Librarian of Congress shall, upon the recommendation of, and in consultation with, the Register of Copyrights,” and inserting “the Register of Copyrights shall”; and
in subparagraph (B), by striking “the Librarian of Congress shall, upon recommendation of, and in consultation with, the Register of Copyrights,” and inserting “the Register of Copyrights shall”; and
in paragraph (7), by striking “Librarian of Congress” and inserting “Register of Copyrights”; and
in section 1503(b)(3), by striking “Library of Congress or”.
Amendments to other laws—
Computer Software Rental Amendments Act of 1990— Section 805(d) of the Computer Software Rental Amendments Act of 1990 (17 U.S.C. 205 note; Public Law 101–650) is amended by striking the second sentence.
Unlocking Consumer Choice and Wireless Competition Act— Section 2 of the Unlocking Consumer Choice and Wireless Competition Act (17 U.S.C. 1201 note; Public Law 113–144) is amended—
in the heading, by striking “by Librarian of Congress”;
in subsection (a), by inserting after “United States Code,” the following: “(as in effect before the date of enactment of the Legislative Branch Agencies Clarification Act)”;
in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
“(2) as authorized by an exemption adopted by—
“(A) the Librarian of Congress pursuant to a determination made on or after the date of enactment of this Act and before the date of enactment of the Legislative Branch Agencies Clarification Act under section 1201(a)(1)(C) of title 17, United States Code; or
“(B) the Register of Copyrights pursuant to a determination made on or after the date of enactment of the Legislative Branch Agencies Clarification Act under section 1201(a)(1)(C) of title 17, United States Code,”
in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
“(2) Librarian of Congress; Register of Copyrights—Nothing in this Act alters, or shall be construed to alter, the authority of—
“(A) the Librarian of Congress under section 1201(a)(1) of title 17, United States Code, as in effect before the date of enactment of the Legislative Branch Agencies Clarification Act; or
“(B) the Register of Copyrights under section 1201(a)(1) of title 17, United States Code, as in effect on or after the date of enactment of the Legislative Branch Agencies Clarification Act.”
Act of June 13, 1957— The first section of the Act entitled “An Act to fix the responsibilities of certifying officers and disbursing officer of the Library of Congress”, approved June 13, 1957 (2 U.S.C. 142b), is amended by striking “, including the Copyright Office,”.
changed
Register of Copyrights qualifications; term of office— Section 701(a) of title 17, United States Code, as amended by this section, is amended—
by inserting before “shall be appointed by the President” the following: “shall be a citizen of the United States with a background and experience in copyright law, and”; and
by inserting before “The subordinate officers” the following: “The Register of Copyrights shall be appointed for a term of 10 years, but if the Register is appointed to fill a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which the most immediate predecessor was appointed, the Register shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. The Register may be reappointed for 1 or more additional terms of 5 years each.”.
added
Establishment of Inspector General of the Copyright Office— Section 1307 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2006 (2 U.S.C. 185), is amended by adding at the end the following:
added “(i) Establishment of Inspector General of the Copyright Office as a separate office
added “(1) Office of Inspector General—There is an Office of Inspector General within the Copyright Office which is an independent objective office to—
added “(A) conduct and supervise audits and investigations (excluding incidents involving violence and personal property) relating to the Copyright Office, except that nothing in this subparagraph may be construed to authorize the Inspector General to audit or investigate any operations or activities of the United States Capitol Police;
added “(B) provide leadership and coordination and recommend policies to promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness; and
added “(C) provide a means of keeping the Register of Copyrights and the Congress fully and currently informed about problems and deficiencies relating to the administration and operations of the Copyright Office.
added “(2) Appointment of Inspector General; supervision; removal; pay; limits on bonuses; counsel
added “(A) Appointment and supervision
added “(i) In general—There shall be at the head of the Office of Inspector General, an Inspector General who shall be appointed by the Register of Copyrights without regard to political affiliation and solely on the basis of integrity and demonstrated ability in accounting, auditing, financial analysis, law, management analysis, public administration, or investigations. The Inspector General shall report to, and be under the general supervision of, the Register of Copyrights.
added “(ii) Audits, investigations, and reports—The Register of Copyrights shall have no authority to prevent or prohibit the Inspector General from—
added “(I) initiating, carrying out, or completing any audit or investigation;
added “(II) issuing any subpoena during the course of any audit or investigation; or
added “(III) issuing any report.
added “(B) Removal or transfer
added “(i) In general—The Inspector General may be removed from office, or transferred to another position within, or another location of, the Copyright Office, by the Register of Copyrights.
added “(ii) Notice—Not later than 30 days before the Register of Copyrights removes or transfers the Inspector General under clause (i), the Register of Copyrights shall communicate in writing the reason for the removal or transfer to—
added “(I) the Committee on House Administration and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and
added “(II) the Committee on Rules and Administration and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.
added “(iii) Applicability—Nothing in this subparagraph shall prohibit a personnel action (except for removal or transfer) that is otherwise authorized by law.
added “(C) Pay
added “(i) In general—The position of Inspector General shall—
added “(I) be classified as a position above GS–15 in accordance with section 5108 of title 5, United States Code; and
added “(II) have a rate of basic pay that is not less than the average rate of basic pay of all other employees in positions classified as above GS–15 of the Copyright Office calculated on an annual basis.
added “(ii) Adjustments—The Register of Copyrights shall establish the amount of the annual adjustment in the rate of basic pay for the Inspector General in an amount equal to the average of the annual adjustments in the rate of basic pay provided to all other employees in positions classified as above GS–15 of the Copyright Office, in a manner consistent with section 5376 of title 5, United States Code.
added “(D) No bonuses—The Inspector General may not receive any cash award or cash bonus, including a cash award under chapter 45 of title 5, United States Code.
added “(E) Counsel—The Inspector General shall, in accordance with applicable laws and regulations governing selections, appointments, and employment at the Copyright Office, obtain legal advice from a counsel reporting directly to the Inspector General or another Inspector General.
added “(3) Duties, responsibilities, authority, and reports
added “(A) In general—Sections 404, 405 (other than subsection (b)(13)), 406(a) (other than paragraphs (7) and (8) thereof), and 407 of title 5, United States Code, shall apply to the Inspector General of the Copyright Office and the Office of such Inspector General and such sections shall be applied to the Copyright Office and the Register of Copyrights by substituting—
added “(i) “Copyright Office” for “establishment”; and
added “(ii) “Register of Copyrights” for “head of the establishment”.
added “(B) Employees
added “(i) In general—The Inspector General, in carrying out the provisions of this subsection, is authorized, without the supervision or approval of any other employee, office, or other entity within the Copyright Office, to select, appoint, and employ such officers and employees (including consultants) as may be necessary for carrying out the functions, powers, and duties of the Office of Inspector General subject to the provisions of law governing selections, appointments, and employment in the Copyright Office.
added “(ii) Security and suitability—Appointments under the authority under clause (i) shall be made consistent with personnel security and suitability requirements.
added “(iii) Consultants—Any appointment of a consultant under the authority under clause (i) shall be made consistent with section 406(a)(9) of title 5, United States Code.
added “(C) Law enforcement authority
added “(i) In general—Subject to clause (ii), any supervisory special agent under the Inspector General and any special agent supervised by such a supervisory special agent is authorized to—
added “(I) make an arrest without a warrant while engaged in official duties as authorized under this section or any other statute for any offense against the United States committed in the presence of such supervisory special agent or special agent, or for any felony cognizable under the laws of the United States if such supervisory special agent or special agent has reasonable grounds to believe that the person to be arrested has committed or is committing such felony;
added “(II) seek and execute warrants for arrest, search of a premises, or seizure of evidence issued under the authority of the United States upon probable cause to believe that a violation has been committed; and
added “(III) carry a firearm while engaged in official duties as authorized under this section or any other statute.
added “(ii) Requirements to exercise authority
added “(I) Required certification
added “(aa) In general—In order to exercise the authority under clause (i), a supervisory special agent or a special agent supervised by such a supervisory special agent shall certify that he or she—
added “(AA) is a citizen of the United States;
added “(BB) has successfully completed a basic law enforcement training program or military or other equivalent; and
added “(CC) is not prohibited from receiving a firearm under Federal law, including under section 922(g)(9) of title 18, United States Code, because of a conviction of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence.
added “(bb) Additional requirements—After providing notice to the appropriate committees of Congress, the Inspector General may add requirements to the certification required under item (aa), as determined appropriate by the Inspector General.
added “(II) Maintenance of requirements—The Inspector General shall maintain firearms-related requirements (including quarterly firearms qualifications) and use of force training requirements that, except to the extent the Inspector General determines necessary to effectively carry out the duties of the Office of the Inspector General, are in accordance with the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency use of force policies, which incorporate Department of Justice guidelines.
added “(III) Eligibility determination
added “(aa) In general—The Inspector General shall—
added “(AA) determine whether an individual meets the requirements under this subparagraph; and
added “(BB) revoke any authority granted to an individual under clause (i) if the individual is not in compliance with the requirements of this subparagraph.
added “(bb) Reauthorization—The Inspector General may reauthorize an individual to exercise the authority granted under clause (i) if the Inspector General determines the individual has achieved compliance with the requirements under this subparagraph.
added “(cc) Limitation on appeal—A revocation of the authority granted under clause (i) shall not be subject to administrative, judicial, or other review, unless the revocation results in an adverse action. Such an adverse action may, at the election of the applicable individual, be reviewed in accordance with the otherwise applicable procedures.
added “(iii) Semiannual certification of program
added “(I) In general—Before the first grant of authority under clause (i), and semiannually thereafter as part of the report under section 405 of title 5, United States Code, the Inspector General shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a written certification that adequate internal safeguards and management procedures exist that, except to the extent the Inspector General determines necessary to effectively carry out the duties of the Office of the Inspector General, are in compliance with standards established by the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency, which incorporate Department of Justice guidelines, to ensure proper exercise of the powers authorized under this subparagraph.
added “(II) Suspension of authority—The authority granted under this subparagraph (including any grant of authority to an individual under clause (i), without regard to whether the individual is in compliance with clause (ii)) may be suspended by the Inspector General if the Office of Inspector General fails to comply with the reporting and review requirements under subclause (I) of this clause or clause (iv). Any suspension of authority under this subclause shall be reported to the appropriate committees of Congress.
added “(iv) Peer review—To ensure the proper exercise of the law enforcement powers authorized under this subparagraph, the Office of Inspector General shall submit to and participate in the external review process established by the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency for ensuring that adequate internal safeguards and management procedures continue to exist. Under the review process, the exercise of the law enforcement powers by the Office of Inspector General shall be reviewed periodically by another Office of Inspector General or by a committee of Inspectors General. The results of each review shall be communicated in writing to the Inspector General, the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency, and the appropriate committees of Congress.
added “(v) Alleged misconduct—Any allegation of misconduct by an individual granted authority under clause (i) may be reviewed by the Integrity Committee of the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency.
added “(vi) Appropriate committees of Congress—In this paragraph, the term appropriate committees of Congress means—
added “(I) the Committee on Rules and Administration and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
added “(II) the Committee on House Administration and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
added “(D) Budget independence—The Register of Copyrights shall include the annual budget request of the Inspector General in the budget of the Copyright Office without change.”
removed
Establishment of Inspector General of the Copyright Office—
removed
In general— Section 415(a)(1)(A) of title 5, United States Code, is amended by striking “and the United States Postal Service” and inserting “the United States Postal Service, and the Copyright Office”.
removed
Relation to Inspector General of the Library of Congress— Section 1307 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2006 (2 U.S.C. 185) is amended by adding at the end the following:
removed
“(i) No oversight authority over Copyright Office—The Inspector General shall have no oversight authority with respect to the Copyright Office.”
Appointment of acting officers by acting Register— Section 701(a) of title 17, United States Code, as amended by this section, is amended by adding at the end the following: “Any officer appointed by an acting Register of Copyrights, including a Copyright Royalty Judge, shall be an acting officer, and may be removed from office at any time by an individual serving in the office of Register of Copyrights pursuant to an appointment by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.”.
Ratification of actions taken by copyright entities prior to enactment— Each action taken under title 17, United States Code, by the Copyright Office, the Register of Copyrights, the Copyright Royalty Judges, or the Copyright Claims Board during the period beginning on May 8, 2025, and ending on the date of enactment of this Act is ratified and shall be given full force and effect.
Support agreements; reimbursement— Section 701 of title 17, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
“(g) Support agreements; reimbursement—The Library of Congress and any other agency or office in the legislative branch of the Federal Government may provide administrative, facilities, financial management, information technology, legal, security, and other appropriate support to the Copyright Office as provided under an agreement for services entered into by the applicable agency or office and the Copyright Office.”
added
Transition provisions— During the period specified in paragraph (1):
added
Period— The period specified in this paragraph is the period that begins on the date of the enactment of this Act and ends on September 30, 2029.
added
Transfers of appropriations— The Register of Copyrights and the Librarian of Congress may enter into such agreements as necessary to transfer appropriated amounts from one to the other if such amounts are necessary to carry out this Act and effectuate the separation of the Copyright Office and the Library of Congress.
added
Personnel— The laws with respect to the personnel of the Federal Government shall apply to the personnel of the Copyright Office to the same extent as such laws apply to the Library of Congress. Each officer or employee of the Copyright Office shall be appointed solely with reference to the fitness of the officer or employee to carry out the particular duties of the officer or employee.
Sec. 7 Government Publishing Office personnel reforms
removed
Congressional Accountability Act—
renumbered
was (2)(2)
Application of the Congressional Accountability Act to the Government Publishing Office— Section 101(a) of the Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301(a)) is amended—
renumbered
was (2)(2)(3)
in paragraph (3)—
renumbered
was (2)(2)(3)(2)
in subparagraph (J), by striking “or”;
renumbered
was (2)(2)(3)(3)
in subparagraph (K), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; or”; and
renumbered
was (2)(2)(3)(4)
by adding at the end the following:
“(L) the Government Publishing Office.”
renumbered
was (2)(2)(4)
in paragraph (7), by striking “through (K)” and inserting “through (L)”;
renumbered
was (2)(2)(5)
in paragraph (8), by striking “through (K)” and inserting “through (L)”; and
renumbered
was (2)(2)(6)
in paragraph (9)(D)—
renumbered
was (2)(2)(6)(2)
by striking “and the John” and inserting “the John”; and
renumbered
was (2)(2)(6)(3)
by inserting “, and the Government Publishing Office” before “; or”.
added
Conforming amendments—
removed
Conforming amendments—
renumbered
was (2)(3)(2)
Section 2301(a) of title 5, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:
“(a) This section shall apply to an Executive agency.”
renumbered
was (2)(3)(3)
Section 2302(a)(2)(C) of title 5, United States Code, is amended by striking “and the Government Publishing Office”.
renumbered
was (2)(3)(4)
Section 4301(1) of title 5, United States Code, is amended—
renumbered
was (2)(3)(4)(2)
by striking “(1) agency means—” and all that follows through “but does not include—” and inserting the following:
“(1) agency means an Executive agency, but does not include—”
renumbered
was (2)(3)(4)(3)
by redesignating clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) as subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C).
renumbered
was (2)(3)(5)
Section 4701(a)(1) of title 5, United States Code, is amended by striking “and the Government Publishing Office”.
renumbered
was (2)(3)(6)
Section 5102(a)(1) of title 5, United States Code, is amended—
renumbered
was (2)(3)(6)(2)
by striking subparagraph (D); and
renumbered
was (2)(3)(6)(3)
redesignating subparagraphs (E) and (F) as subparagraphs (D) and (E), respectively.
Sec. 11 Severability
addedadded If any provision of this Act or any amendment made by this Act, or the application of any such provision or amendment to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act, and the application of such provision or amendment to any other person or circumstance, shall not be affected by the holding.