Section 1 Short title
This Act may be cited as the “No Biometric Barriers to Housing Act of 2023”.
No Biometric Barriers to Housing Act of 2023
A BILL
To prohibit the use of biometric recognition technology in certain federally assisted dwelling units, and for other purposes.
Sec. 2 Prohibition on biometric identification technology
In general— At any time after the expiration of the 1-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, an owner of a covered federally assisted rental dwelling unit, may not use, or authorize the use of, facial recognition technology, physical biometric recognition technology, or remote biometric recognition technology in such dwelling unit or in any building or grounds containing such dwelling unit for the purposes of surveillance or any other use that has an adverse effect on the ability of a tenant to fairly access affordable housing that is free from bias and discrimination.
Definitions— For the purposes of this Act:
Assistance— The term assistance means any grant, loan, subsidy, contract, cooperative agreement, or other form of financial assistance, but such term does not include the insurance or guarantee of a loan, mortgage, or pool of loans or mortgages.
Covered federally assisted rental dwelling unit— The term covered federally assisted rental dwelling unit means a residential dwelling unit that is made available for rental and for which assistance is provided, or that is part of a housing project for which assistance is provided, under—
the public housing program under the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437 et seq.);
the program for rental assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f);
the HOME Investment Partnerships program under title II of the Cranton-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12721 et seq.);
title IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11360 et seq.);
the Housing Trust Fund program under section 1338 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 (12 U.S.C 4568);
the program for supportive housing for the elderly under section 202 of the Housing Act of 1959 (12 U.S.C. 1701q);
the program for supportive housing for persons with disabilities under section 811 of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 8013);
the AIDS Housing Opportunities program under subtitle D of title VIII of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12901 et seq.);
the program for Native American housing under the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4101 et seq.); and
the program for housing assistance for Native Hawaiians under title VIII of the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4221 et seq.).
Facial recognition technology— The term facial recognition technology means technology which facilitates or otherwise enables an automated or semi-automated process that assists in identifying an individual based on the physical characteristics of an individual’s face, or that logs characteristics of an individual’s face, head, or body to infer emotion, associations, activities, or the location of an individual.
Owner— The term owner means any private person or entity, including a cooperative, an agency of the Federal Government, or a public housing agency, having the legal right to lease or sublease dwelling units.
Physical biometric recognition technology— The term physical biometric recognition technology means technology which facilitates or otherwise enables an automated or semi-automated process that assists in identifying an individual or capturing information about an individual based on the characteristics of an individual’s DNA, fingerprints, palmprints, iris, or retina.
Remote biometric recognition technology— The term remote biometric recognition technology means technology which facilitates or otherwise enables an automated or semi-automated process that assists in identifying an individual or capturing information about an individual based on the characteristics of an individual’s gait, voice, or other immutable characteristic ascertained from a distance, or that logs such characteristics to infer emotion, associations, activities, or the location of an individual.
Sec. 3 Report to Congress
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall submit to the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representative and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and make available to the public on the website of the Department, a report that describes—
any known usage of facial recognition technology, physical biometric recognition technology, or remote biometric recognition technology in any covered federally assisted dwelling unit during the 5 years preceding the date of enactment of this Act;
any known adverse effects for tenants associated with any use of the technology described in paragraph (1);
the impact of such technology on the residents of such covered federally assisted rental dwelling units;
the purpose of installing such technologies in such covered federally assisted rental dwelling units;
demographic information about the residents of each covered federally assisted rental dwelling unit where such usage occurred and demographic information about the area surrounding such unit; and
the potential impacts on vulnerable communities, including persons protected under the Fair Housing Act of 1968, of additional usage of facial recognition technology, physical biometric recognition technology, or remote biometric recognition technology in covered federally assisted rental dwelling units, including impacts on resident privacy, civil rights, and fair housing.