1. Short title
This Act may be cited as the “American Energy Independence from Russia Act”.
American Energy Independence from Russia Act
A BILL
To strengthen United States energy security, encourage domestic production of crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas, and for other purposes.
2. Energy security plan
The Natural Gas Act is amended by inserting after section 3A (15 U.S.C. 717b–1) the following:
“3B. Energy security plan
“Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this section, and biennially thereafter, the President shall submit to Congress an energy security plan that includes—
“(1) an evaluation of United States crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas imports and exports;
“(2) an energy security risk assessment, by country of origin, of importing crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas to the United States; and
“(3) strategies, including changes to Federal policies and regulations, to encourage increased domestic production of crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas in order to offset any amounts of crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas imported to the United States from Russia.”
3. Keystone XL authorization
Authorization— TransCanada Keystone Pipeline, L.P., may construct, connect, operate, and maintain the pipeline facilities at the international border of the United States and Canada at Phillips County, Montana, for the import of oil from Canada to the United States, as described in the Presidential Permit of March 29, 2019 (84 Fed. Reg. 13101 (April 3, 2019)).
No Presidential permit required— No Presidential permit (or similar permit) under Executive Order 13867 (3 U.S.C. 301 note; relating to the issuance of permits with respect to facilities and land transportation crossings at the international boundaries of the United States), Executive Order 12038 (42 U.S.C. 7151 note; relating to the transfer of certain functions to the Secretary of Energy), Executive Order 10485 (15 U.S.C. 717b note; relating to the performance of functions respecting electric power and natural gas facilities located on United States borders), or any other Executive order shall be required for the construction, connection, operation, or maintenance of the pipeline facilities described in subsection (a).
4. Advancing United States global leadership
by striking subsections (a) through (c);
by redesignating subsections (d), (e), and (f) as subsections (c), (a), and (b), respectively, and moving subsection (c) (as so redesignated) to appear after subsection (b) (as so redesignated); and
by striking the section heading and designation and all that follows through paragraph (1) of subsection (a) (as so redesignated) and inserting the following:
“3. LNG terminals; authority of the President to prohibit imports or exports of natural gas
“(a) LNG terminals
“(1) Authority of the Commission
“(A) In general—The Commission shall have the exclusive authority to approve or deny an application for the siting, construction, expansion, or operation of a facility, including an LNG terminal, to export natural gas from the United States to a foreign country or to import natural gas from a foreign country.
“(B) Effect—Except as specifically provided in this Act, nothing in this Act affects otherwise applicable law relating to the authority or responsibility of any Federal agency relating to facilities, including LNG terminals, to import or export natural gas.”
by adding at the end the following:
“(d) Rule of construction relating to authority To prohibit imports or exports
“(1) In general—Nothing in this Act limits the authority of the President under the Constitution or any provision of law specified in paragraph (2) to prohibit imports or exports.
“(2) Provisions of law specified—The provisions of law specified in this paragraph are—
“(A) the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.);
“(B) the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.);
“(C) part B of title II of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6271 et seq.);
“(D) the Trading With the Enemy Act (50 U.S.C. 4301 et seq.); and
“(E) any other provision of law that—
“(i) imposes sanctions with respect to a foreign person or foreign government, including the government of a country that is designated as a state sponsor of terrorism; or
“(ii) prohibits or restricts United States persons from engaging in a transaction with a person or government subject to sanctions imposed by the United States.
“(3) State sponsor of terrorism defined—In this subsection, the term state sponsor of terrorism means a country the government of which the Secretary of State determines has repeatedly provided support for international terrorism pursuant to—
“(A) section 1754(c)(1)(A) of the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4318(c)(1)(A));
“(B) section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371);
“(C) section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2780); or
“(D) any other provision of law.”
Conforming amendment— Section 60104(d)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is amended, in the first sentence, by striking “to import natural gas or”.
5. Prohibition on moratoria of new energy leases on certain Federal land and on withdrawal of Federal land from energy development
Definitions— In this section:
Critical mineral— The term critical mineral means any mineral included on the list of critical minerals published in the notice of the Secretary of the Interior entitled “Final List of Critical Minerals 2018” (83 Fed. Reg. 23295 (May 18, 2018)).
Federal land—
In general— The term Federal land means—
National Forest System land;
public lands (as defined in section 103 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1702));
the outer Continental Shelf (as defined in section 2 of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1331)); and
land managed by the Secretary of Energy.
Inclusion— The term Federal land includes land described in clauses (i) through (iv) of subparagraph (A) for which the rights to the surface estate or subsurface estate are owned by a non-Federal entity.
President— The term President means the President or any designee, including—
the Secretary of Agriculture;
the Secretary of Energy; and
the Secretary of the Interior.
Prohibitions—
In general— Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President shall not carry out any action that would prohibit or substantially delay the issuance of any of the following on Federal land, unless such an action has been authorized by an Act of Congress:
New oil and gas leases, drill permits, approvals, or authorizations.
New coal leases, permits, approvals, or authorizations.
New hard rock leases, permits, approvals, or authorizations.
New critical minerals leases, permits, approvals, or authorizations.
Prohibition on withdrawal— Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President shall not withdraw any Federal land from forms of entry, appropriation, or disposal under the public land laws, location, entry, and patent under the mining laws, or disposition under laws pertaining to mineral and geothermal leasing or mineral materials unless the withdrawal has been authorized by an Act of Congress.
6. Oil and natural gas leasing
Onshore lease sales—
Requirement to immediately resume onshore oil and gas lease sales—
In general— The Secretary of the Interior (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”) shall immediately resume oil and gas lease sales in compliance with the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.).
Requirement— The Secretary shall ensure that any oil and gas lease sale under subparagraph (A) is conducted immediately on completion of all applicable scoping, public comment, and environmental analysis requirements under the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) and the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.).
Annual lease sales—
In general— Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in accordance with the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.), beginning in fiscal year 2022, the Secretary shall conduct a minimum of 4 oil and natural gas lease sales annually in each of the following States:
Wyoming.
New Mexico.
Colorado.
Utah.
Montana.
North Dakota.
Oklahoma.
Nevada.
Any other State in which there is land available for oil and natural gas leasing under that Act.
Requirement— In conducting a lease sale under subparagraph (A) in a State described in that subparagraph, the Secretary shall offer all parcels eligible for oil and gas development under the resource management plan in effect for the State.
Replacement sales— If, for any reason, a lease sale under subparagraph (A) for a calendar year is canceled, delayed, or deferred, including for a lack of eligible parcels, the Secretary shall conduct a replacement sale during the same calendar year.
Offshore lease sales—
In general— The Secretary shall conduct all lease sales described in the 2017–2022 Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Leasing Proposed Final Program (November 2016) that have not been conducted as of the date of enactment of this Act by not later than December 31, 2022.
Gulf of Mexico region annual lease sales— Notwithstanding any other provision of law, beginning in fiscal year 2022, the Secretary shall conduct a minimum of 2 region-wide oil and natural gas lease sales annually in the Gulf of Mexico Region of the outer Continental Shelf, which shall include the following areas described in the 2017–2022 Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Leasing Proposed Final Program (November 2016):
The Central Gulf of Mexico Planning Area.
The Western Gulf of Mexico Planning Area.
Alaska region annual lease sales— Notwithstanding any other provision of law, beginning in fiscal year 2022, the Secretary shall conduct a minimum of 2 region-wide oil and natural gas lease sales annually in the Alaska Region of the outer Continental Shelf, as described in the 2017–2022 Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Leasing Proposed Final Program (November 2016).
Requirements— In conducting lease sales under paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary shall—
issue leases to the highest responsible qualified bidder or bidders; and
include in each lease sale all unleased areas that are not subject to restrictions as of the date of the lease sale.
Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas leasing program— Section 18 of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1344) is amended—
in subsection (a), in the first sentence of the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking “subsections (c) and (d) of this section” and inserting “subsections (c) through (f)”;
by redesignating subsections (f) through (h) as subsections (g) through (i), respectively; and
by inserting after subsection (e) the following:
“(f) Subsequent leasing programs
“(1) In general—Not later than 36 months after conducting the first lease sale under an oil and gas leasing program prepared pursuant to this section, the Secretary shall begin preparing the subsequent oil and gas leasing program under this section.
“(2) Requirement—Each subsequent oil and gas leasing program under this section shall be approved not later than 180 days before the expiration of the previous oil and gas leasing program.”
7. Strategic production response plan
Section 161 of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6241) is amended by adding at the end the following:
“(k) Plan
“(1) In general—Except in the case of a severe energy supply interruption described in subsection (d), the Secretary may not execute the first drawdown of petroleum products in the Reserve after the date of enactment of this subsection, whether through sale, exchange, or loan, until the Secretary has developed a plan to increase the percentage of Federal land (including submerged land of the outer Continental Shelf) under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Secretary of Defense leased for oil and gas production by the same percentage as the percentage of petroleum in the Strategic Petroleum Reserve that is to be drawn down in that first drawdown and subsequent drawdowns, subject to the limitation described in paragraph (2).
“(2) Limitation—The plan developed under paragraph (1) shall not provide for a total increase in the percentage of Federal land described in paragraph (1) leased for oil and gas production in excess of 10 percent.
“(3) Consultation—The Secretary shall prepare the plan under paragraph (1) in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Secretary of Defense.”