S. 2129 — what changed
Otto Warmbier Countering North Korean Censorship and Surveillance Act of 2021
From Reported in Senate to Engrossed in Senate. 4 sections amended and 1 added between Reported in Senate and Engrossed in Senate.
Sec. 3 Statement of policy
It is the policy of the United States—
to provide the people of North Korea with access to a diverse range of fact-based information;
changed
to develop and implement novel means of communication and information sharing to ensure that increase opportunities for audiences in North Korea can to safely create, access, and share digital and non-digital news without fear of repressive censorship, surveillance, or penalties under law; and
to foster and innovate new technologies to counter North Korea’s state-sponsored repressive surveillance and censorship by advancing internet freedom tools, technologies, and new approaches.
Sec. 4 United States strategy to combat North Korea’s repressive information environment
In general— Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall develop and submit to Congress a strategy on combating North Korea’s repressive information environment.
Elements— The strategy required by subsection (a) shall include the following:
An assessment of the challenges to the free flow of information into North Korea created by the censorship and surveillance technology apparatus of the Government of North Korea.
A detailed description of the agencies and other government entities, key officials, and security services responsible for the implementation of North Korea’s repressive laws regarding foreign media consumption.
A detailed description of the agencies and other government entities and key officials of foreign governments that assist, facilitate, or aid North Korea’s repressive censorship and surveillance state.
changed
An A review of existing public-private partnerships that provide circumvention technology and an assessment of the feasibility and utility of new public-private sponsorships tools to increase free expression, circumvent censorship, and obstruct repressive surveillance in North Korea.
A description of and funding levels required for current United States Government programs and activities to provide access for the people of North Korea to a diverse range of fact-based information.
changed
Guidance for the relevant Federal agencies, including An update of the Department plan required by section 104(a)(7)(A) of State, on how agencies should work together and with other federally funded entities like the United States Agency for Global Media, to combat North Korea’s repressive censorship and surveillance apparatus by utilizing all available means.Korean Human Rights Act of 2004 (22 U.S.C. 7814(a)(7)(A)).
added
A description of Department of State programs and funding levels for programs that promote internet freedom in North Korea, including monitoring and evaluation efforts.
added
A description of grantee programs of the United States Agency for Global Media in North Korea that facilitate circumvention tools and broadcasting, including monitoring and evaluation efforts.
renumbered
was (3)(9)
A detailed assessment of how the United States International Broadcasting Surge Capacity Fund authorized under section 316 of the United States International Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6216) has operated to respond to crisis situations in the past, and how authority to transfer unobligated balances from expired accounts would help the United States Agency for Global Media in crisis situations in the future.
added
A detailed plan for how the authorization of appropriations under section 7 will operate alongside and augment existing programming from the relevant Federal agencies and facilitate the development of new tools to assist that programming.
removed
A detailed plan for how the authorization of appropriations under section 6 will operate alongside and augment existing programming from the relevant Federal agencies and facilitate the development of new tools to assist that programming.
Form of strategy— The strategy required by subsection (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include the matters required by paragraphs (2) and (3) of subsection (b) in a classified annex.
Sec. 5 Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons responsible for North Korea’s repressive censorship and surveillance state
changed
In general— The President may impose the following sanctions with respect to each any foreign person that the President determines knowingly engaged in, facilitated, or was responsible for censorship by the Government of North Korea or the Workers’ Party of Korea identified under paragraph (2) or (3) of section 4(b):
changed
Blocking of property— The President may exercise of all of the powers granted to the President by under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property of the foreign person if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person.
Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole—
Visas, admission, or parole— In the case of an alien, the alien may be—
inadmissible to the United States;
ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and
otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
Current visas revoked—
In general— An alien described in subparagraph (A) may be subject to revocation of any visa or other entry documentation regardless of when the visa or other entry documentation is or was issued.
Effect— A revocation under clause (i) shall—
take effect consistent with section 221 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201); and
cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the alien’s possession.
Implementation; penalties—
Implementation— The President may exercise all authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this section.
Penalties— A person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of subsection (a)(1) or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out that subsection shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section.
National security waiver— The President may waive the imposition of sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to a person if the President—
determines that such a waiver is in the national security interests of the United States; and
submits to the appropriate congressional committees a notification of the waiver and the reasons for the waiver.
Exceptions—
Intelligence activities— This section shall not apply with respect to activities subject to the reporting requirements under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized intelligence activities of the United States.
Law enforcement activities— Sanctions under this section shall not apply with respect to any authorized law enforcement activities of the United States.
Exception to comply with international agreements— Subsection (a)(2) shall not apply with respect to the admission of an alien to the United States if such admission is necessary to comply with the obligations of the United States under the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, under the Convention on Consular Relations, done at Vienna April 24, 1963, and entered into force March 19, 1967, or under other international agreements.
Exception relating to importation of goods—
In general— The authority or a requirement to impose sanctions under this section shall not include the authority or a requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of goods.
Good defined— In this paragraph, the term good means any article, natural or manmade substance, material, supply, or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment, and excluding technical data.
Definitions— In this section:
Admission; admitted; alien— The terms admission, admitted, and alien have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101).
Appropriate congressional committees— The term appropriate congressional committees means—
the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Financial Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives.
added
Foreign person— The term foreign person means any person that is not a United States person.
renumbered
was (6)(5)
United states person— The term United States person means—
added
a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence;
added
an entity organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States; or
added
any person in the United States.
removed
a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence; or
removed
an entity organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States.
Sec. 6 Report on enforcement of sanctions with respect to North Korea
changed
Authorization of appropriations—In general— There are authorized to be appropriated to Not later than 180 days after the United States Agency for Global Media $10,000,000 for each date of fiscal years 2022 the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter through 2026 2024, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury shall jointly submit to provide increased broadcasting the appropriate congressional committees (as defined in section 5(e)) a report on sanctions-related activities and grants for enforcement undertaken by the following purposes:United States Government with respect to North Korea during the period described in subsection (b) that includes—
changed
To promote the development an assessment of internet freedom tools, technologies, and new approaches, including both digital and non-digital means activities conducted by persons in North Korea or the Government of information sharing related North Korea that would require mandatory designations pursuant to the North Korea.Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9201 et seq.); and
changed
To explore public-private partnerships sanctions-related enforcement or other sanctions-related actions undertaken by the United States Government pursuant to counter North Korea’s repressive censorship and surveillance state.that Act.
removed
To develop new means to protect the privacy and identity of individuals receiving media from the United States Agency for Global Media and other outside media outlets from within North Korea.
removed
To bolster existing programming from the United States Agency for Global Media by restoring the broadcasting capacity of damaged antennas caused by Typhoon Yutu in 2018.
changed
Annual reports—Period described— Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for the following 4 years, the Secretary of State, The period described in consultation with the Chief Executive Officer of the United States Agency for Global Media, shall submit to Congress a report that describes the activities carried out using amounts authorized to be appropriated under this subsection (a) during the year preceding submission of the report.is—
added
in the case of the first report required by subsection (a), the period beginning on January 1, 2021, and ending on the date on which the report is required to be submitted; and
added
in the case of each subsequent report required by subsection (a), the one-year period preceding submission of the report.
Sec. 7 Promoting freedom of information and countering censorship and surveillance in North Korea
added
added
Authorization of appropriations— There are authorized to be appropriated to the United States Agency for Global Media $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026 to provide increased broadcasting and grants for the following purposes:
added
To promote the development of internet freedom tools, technologies, and new approaches, including both digital and non-digital means of information sharing related to North Korea.
added
To explore public-private partnerships to counter North Korea’s repressive censorship and surveillance state.
added
To develop new means to protect the privacy and identity of individuals receiving media from the United States Agency for Global Media and other outside media outlets from within North Korea.
added
To bolster existing programming from the United States Agency for Global Media by restoring the broadcasting capacity of damaged antennas caused by Typhoon Yutu in 2018.
added
Annual reports— Section 104(a)(7)(B) of the North Korean Human Rights Act of 2004 (22 U.S.C. 7814(a)(7)(B)) is amended—
added
in the matter preceding clause (i)—
added
by striking “1 year after the date of the enactment of this paragraph” and inserting “September 30, 2022”; and
added
by striking “Broadcasting Board of Governors” and inserting “Chief Executive Officer of the United States Agency for Global Media”; and
added
in clause (i), by inserting after “this section” the following: “and sections 4 and 7 of the Otto Warmbier Countering North Korean Censorship and Surveillance Act of 2021”.