In Loving v. Virginia (388 U.S. 1 (1967)), the United States Supreme Court stated “Under the Constitution, the freedom to marry or not marry a person of another race resides with the individual and cannot be infringed by the State”.
Enforcement by Attorney General— The Attorney General may commence a civil action on behalf of the United States against any State that violates, or against any government official that implements or enforces a law or regulation that violates subsection (a). The court shall hold unlawful and set aside the law or regulation if it is in violation of subsection (a).
Private right of action— A violation of subsection (a) constitutes a deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws for purposes of section 1979 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (42 U.S.C. 1983), and a person injured thereby may bring an action under such section.