1. Short title
This Act may be cited as the “Safe Interactions Act of 2020”.
Safe Interactions Act of 2020
A BILL
To provide grants to enable nonprofit disability organizations to develop training programs that support safe interactions between law enforcement officers and individuals with disabilities and older individuals.
2. Findings
Congress finds the following:
Individuals with disabilities are 2.5 times more likely to be victims of violent crime.
Individuals with disabilities are 3 times more likely to be victims of a serious crime.
Individuals with disabilities make up between one-third and one-half of all individuals killed by law enforcement officers.
3. Purpose
The purpose of this Act is to—
authorize the Attorney General to award competitive grants to nonprofit disability organizations to administer enhanced training programs to law enforcement officers who may encounter or provide services to covered individuals, including—
individuals with mental health disabilities, including schizophrenia;
individuals who are deaf, hard of hearing, or blind, are autistic, or have other intellectual or developmental disabilities;
older individuals with dementia or other cognitive impairments;
individuals with any other disabilities or chronic health condition; and
support, not replace, other specialized law enforcement officer training, such as crisis intervention team training; and
increase the awareness, knowledge, and understanding of law enforcement officers about covered individuals and their unique needs and applicable Federal civil rights laws;
reduce incidences of violence between law enforcement officers and covered individuals;
expand the knowledge of law enforcement officers of the signs of disabilities and effective ways to approach covered individuals to minimize situations of risk to—
those individuals; and
the law enforcement officers who intervene or provide services to those individuals; and
increase the knowledge of law enforcement officers of community resources available for covered individuals to ultimately limit interactions with law enforcement officers.
4. Definitions
In this Act:
Covered grant— The term covered grant means a grant awarded under section 5(a).
Covered individual— The term covered individual means—
an older individual; or
an individual with a disability.
Eligible entity— The term eligible entity means a nonprofit disability organization that has formed a partnership with a law enforcement agency or a consortium of law enforcement agencies to administer enhanced training programs to law enforcement officers of the agency or agencies on how to interact with covered individuals.
Indian Tribe— The term Indian Tribe has the meaning given the term Indian tribe in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
Individual with a disability— The term individual with a disability means any individual who has a disability, as defined in section 3 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12102).
Initial training program— The term initial training program means a training program offered to new law enforcement officers under section 5(d)(1)(A).
Law enforcement officer— The term law enforcement officer means any officer, agent, or employee of a State, political subdivision of a State, or Indian Tribe—
authorized by law or by a government agency to engage in or supervise the prevention, detection, or investigation of any violation of criminal law; or
authorized by law to supervise sentenced criminal offenders.
Nonprofit disability organization— The term nonprofit disability organization means a nonprofit organization—
that serves covered individuals; and
that is operated by a board of which the majority of members are covered individuals;
that has an advisory panel of which the majority of members are covered individuals; or
the majority of the employees of which are covered individuals.
Older individual— The term older individual has the meaning given the term in section 102 of the Older Americans Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3002).
Partner academy— The term partner academy, with respect to an eligible entity that receives a covered grant, means a law enforcement training academy with which the eligible entity partners to administer an initial training program, as described in section 5(b)(1).
Partner agency— The term partner agency, with respect to an eligible entity that receives a covered grant, means the law enforcement agency with which the eligible entity partners, or that is a member of a consortium with which the eligible entity partners, to administer enhanced training programs to law enforcement officers of the agency on how to interact with covered individuals.
Refresher training program— The term refresher training program means a training program offered to existing law enforcement officers under section 5(d)(1)(B).
5. Grant program
In general— The Attorney General shall award competitive grants to nonprofit disability organizations to administer enhanced training programs to law enforcement officers who may encounter or provide services to covered individuals.
Application— An eligible entity seeking a covered grant shall submit to the Attorney General an application that—
identifies a law enforcement training academy with which the eligible entity will partner to administer an initial training program; and
includes a memorandum of understanding entered into between the eligible entity and the law enforcement training academy;
describes any training on how to interact with covered individuals that is provided, as of the date of submission of the application—
by the partner academy to new law enforcement officers; or
by any partner agency to existing law enforcement officers;
describes the learning objectives of the training programs that the eligible entity will administer using the grant;
describes the activities that will be carried out under the grant;
includes a timeline of the activities described in paragraph (4); and
demonstrates expertise in training related to covered individuals.
Preferences— In awarding covered grants, the Attorney General shall ensure—
geographic diversity of grant recipients, including grant recipients that serve rural localities; and
that the training funded by the grant is provided to multiple levels of law enforcement agencies, including local, county, State, and Tribal agencies.
Use of funds—
Mandatory uses— An eligible entity that receives a covered grant shall use the grant funds to—
modify the training provided by the partner academy to new law enforcement officers of each partner agency so that the academy provides not fewer than 8 hours of training on how to interact with covered individuals and applicable Federal civil rights laws, including not fewer than 4 hours of interactive learning taught by covered individuals; and
develop and implement an enhanced training program for existing law enforcement officers of each partner agency on safe, effective, and respectful interactions with covered individuals—
that includes—
awareness of and education about covered individuals, including—
individuals with mental health disabilities, including schizophrenia;
individuals who are deaf, hard of hearing, or blind, are autistic, or have other intellectual or developmental disabilities;
older individuals with dementia or other cognitive impairments; and
individuals with any other disabilities or chronic health condition;
escalation avoidance and de-escalation techniques to be used when interacting with covered individuals, including procedures a law enforcement officer should follow to ensure the safety and calmness of a covered individual; and
communication strategies to be used when interacting with covered individuals, including individuals who do not use speech to communicate;
that utilizes—
instructors who are covered individuals; or
guest instructors or speakers who are covered individuals; and
in which each law enforcement officer participates not less frequently than once every 2 years.
Optional uses— An eligible entity that receives a covered grant may use the grant funds to—
expand an existing training program regarding interaction with covered individuals that was provided to law enforcement officers by a nonprofit disability organization in conjunction with the partner academy or a partner agency before the eligible entity received the grant;
reimburse staff members of the eligible entity for mileage and travel time expended to attend an initial training program or refresher training program;
develop a model of training that utilizes volunteer instructors, except that the eligible entity shall pay any instructor, including a guest instructor, who is a covered individual; or
acquire a computer system or software needed for the training programs.
Supplement, not supplant— An eligible entity that receives a covered grant shall use the grant funds to supplement, and not supplant, any funds that would, in the absence of the grant funds, be made available from a State, political subdivision of a State, or Indian Tribe for the activities described in subsection (d).
Advisory council—
In general— An eligible entity that receives a covered grant shall establish an advisory council composed of 15 members to advise the eligible entity on activities carried out using the grant.
Membership— An advisory council established under paragraph (1) shall—
be composed of—
1 representative of the eligible entity who is a covered individual and shall serve as chair of the advisory council;
1 representative of the State law enforcement training academy or law enforcement agency for the State that the eligible entity serves, who shall serve as vice chair of the advisory council;
4 representatives of community-based organizations that support individuals with disabilities, not fewer than 2 of whom have a disability;
2 representatives of community-based organizations that support older adults;
2 State officials or their designees;
2 representatives of a State public safety agency; and
3 members of the public with knowledge of individuals with disabilities and older adults with cognitive impairment, including not fewer than 2 self-advocates or family members of a covered individual; and
include a majority of representation from racial and ethnic minority communities.
Duties— An advisory council established under paragraph (1) shall—
advise the eligible entity and provide general oversight of grant activities carried out by the eligible entity, including development of the training curriculum and implementation of the training programs; and
provide the advisory council with recommendations for the sustainability and expansion of the training programs, such as the development of a train-the-trainer model.
Annual report—
Report to Attorney General by eligible entities— Not later than 1 year after receiving a covered grant, and each year thereafter for the duration of the grant period, an eligible entity that receives a covered grant shall submit the following information to the Attorney General with respect to the preceding year:
The number of individuals who benefitted from the training programs provided by the eligible entity using grant funds, including—
the number of individuals who were trained through the training programs, including the total number of new law enforcement officers who participated in the initial training program; and
the estimated number of individuals who were impacted by the training programs.
Demographic data, including age, sex, and race, for the law enforcement officers who received the training.
The number of partner agencies that participated in the training programs.
Each partner law enforcement agency, including the city and State in which the headquarters and each local office of the agency are located, and the result of that partnership.
Any recommendations for improving the grant program carried out under this Act.
Report to Congress by Attorney General— Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and each year thereafter, the Attorney General shall submit a report on the grant program carried out under this Act, with respect to the preceding year, to—
the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate;
the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
the Special Committee on Aging of the Senate;
the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives; and
the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
Evaluation—
In general— The Attorney General shall use not more than 2 percent of the amounts made available under section 6 for administrative purposes and for an evaluation of the grant program carried out under this Act.
Independent evaluator— The Attorney General shall enter into a contract with a third-party entity that is unrelated to any recipient of a covered grant to carry out the evaluation under paragraph (1).
Contents— In carrying out the evaluation under paragraph (1), the third-party entity contracted under paragraph (2) shall report to the Attorney General on—
the demographic characteristics of the population served by the training conducted by eligible entities using covered grants; and
any change in the occurrence of violence in the communities served by training described in subparagraph (A).
6. Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Attorney General $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2024 to carry out this Act.