1. Short title
This Act may be cited as the “Supporting Eating Disorders Recovery Through Vital Expansion Act” or the “SERVE Act”.
Supporting Eating Disorders Recovery Through Vital Expansion Act
A BILL
To amend title 10, United States Code, to provide for eating disorders treatment for members and certain former members of the uniformed services, and dependents of such members, and for other purposes.
2. Findings
Congress finds the following:
Eating disorders affect approximately 30,000,000 Americans, including individuals from every age, gender, body size, race, and socioeconomic status.
Eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, avoidant restrictive intake disorder, and other specified feeding or eating disorders.
Eating disorders result in the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric illness, and the suicide rate for individuals with such disorders is 23 percent higher than the suicide rate for the general population.
Research demonstrates that—
eating disorders often co-occur with complex medical conditions, mental illnesses, and substance use disorders; and
up to 35 percent of individuals with a substance use disorder have a co-occurring eating disorder.
Studies indicate that there is a higher prevalence of eating disorders among members of the Armed Forces and veterans than among the general population.
Family members of members of the Armed Forces have a higher prevalence of eating disorders than the general population, with 20 percent of children of members of the Armed Forces found at risk of developing an eating disorder.
Research has found a significant relationship between eating disorders and members of the Armed Forces and veterans with a history of post-traumatic stress and sexual trauma.
Female members of the Armed Forces have a particularly high risk for an eating disorder, as studies have found that 16 percent of such members have an eating disorder and 34 percent of such members are at risk of developing an eating disorder.
3. Eating disorders treatment for dependents
Section 1077 of title 10, United States Code, is amended—
in subsection (a)(5), by inserting “, including, in accordance with subsection (i), eating disorders” after “chronic conditions”; and
by adding at the end the following new subsection:
“(i)
“(1) The provision of health care services for an eating disorder under subsection (a)(5) shall include treatment at facilities providing the following hospital-based or freestanding services:
“(A) Inpatient services.
“(B) Residential services.
“(C) Partial hospitalization services.
“(D) Intensive outpatient services.
“(E) Outpatient services.
“(2) A dependent may be provided health care services for an eating disorder under subsection (a)(5) without regard to the age of the dependent.
“(3) Treatment may be provided under paragraph (1) at a freestanding facility only if the facility—
“(A) is certified to provide such treatment under the TRICARE program; and
“(B) provides to the Secretary of Defense verifiable outcome measurements demonstrating clinical improvement of patients when reasonably possible to collect such measurements.
“(4) In this section, the term eating disorder has the meaning given that term in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (or successor edition), published by the American Psychiatric Association.”
4. Identification and treatment of eating disorders for members of the Armed Forces
Section 1090 of title 10, United States Code, is amended—
by striking “The Secretary of Defense” and inserting the following:
“(a) Identification and treatment of eating disorders and drug and alcohol dependence—The Secretary of Defense”
by inserting “have an eating disorder or” before “are dependent on drugs or alcohol”; and
by adding at the end the following new subsections:
“(b) Facilities available to individuals with eating disorders—For purposes of this section, necessary facilities described in subsection (a) shall include the facilities described in section 1077(i)(1) of this title.
“(c) Eating disorder defined—In this section, the term eating disorder has the meaning given that term in section 1077(i)(4) of this title.”
5. Mental health early identification training
Section 1090a of title 10, United States Code, is amended—
in subsection (b)—
in paragraph (1), by striking “and” at the end;
in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and
by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
“(3) require commanders and supervisory personnel to undertake mental health early identification training.”
in subsection (e), by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
“(4) The term mental health early identification training means training designed to educate the trainee on—
“(A) warning signs and symptoms of mental health illness, including an eating disorder; and
“(B) how to refer an individual for mental health treatment.”