1. Short title
This Act may be cited as the “FISA Improvements Act of 2019”.
FISA Improvements Act of 2019
A BILL
To amend the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 to require reviews by amici curiae of applications made to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, and for other purposes.
2. Enhanced fidelity of FISA applications and processes associated with the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court
Mandatory review by amicus curiae— Section 103(i) of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1803(i)(2)) is amended—
in paragraph (2)—
in subparagraph (A), by striking “; and” and inserting a semicolon;
in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and
by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
“(C) shall appoint an individual who has been designated under paragraph (1) to serve as amicus curiae to assist such court in the consideration of any initial application for an order that seeks to target an identifiable United States person pursuant to sections 104, 303, 703, or 704.”
in paragraph (4)—
by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (C) as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively;
by striking “If a court” and inserting “(A) Novel or significant interpretations of law—If a court”, and adjusting the margins accordingly; and
by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
“(B) Initial applications—If a court established under subsection (a) appoints an amicus curiae under paragraph (2)(C), the amicus curiae shall review the submitted application for which the individual has been appointed to assess the sufficiency of evidence supporting the probable cause determination required to issue an order pursuant to the application and provide to the court a written recommendation regarding such sufficiency.”
in paragraph (8), by striking “; and” and inserting a semicolon;
in paragraph (9), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and
by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
“(10) a statement fully disclosing the use of any information in the application that the Government cannot substantiate based on any supporting intelligence or open-source information available to the Government at the time of the application, including, at a minimum—
“(A) the origin of such information;
“(B) the means by which the Government obtained such information;
“(C) a summary of each step the Government took to verify the information prior to using the information in the application;
“(D) whether the Government has used such information in any other judicial proceeding; and
“(E) the necessity of using such information to support the probable cause determination required by section 105.”
by inserting “, and shall be transcribed” before the first period; and
by inserting “, transcriptions,” after “applications made”.
Written record of interactions with court— Such section is further amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
“(l) Written record of interactions—The Attorney General shall maintain all written communications with the court established under subsection (a), including the identity of the employees of the court to or from whom the communications were made, regarding an application or order made under this title in a file associated with the application or order. The Attorney General shall document a summary of any oral communications with the court, including the identity of the employees of the court to or from whom the communications were made, relating to such an application or order and keep such documentation in a file associated with the application or order.”
Extensions— Section 105(d)(2) of such Act (50 U.S.C. 1805(d)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following new sentence: “To the extent practicable, an extension of an order issued under this title shall be granted or denied by the same judge who issued the original order.”.