Section 1 Short title
This Act may be cited as the “Hold Accountable and Lend Transparency on Campus Sexual Violence Act” or the “HALT Campus Sexual Violence Act”.
Hold Accountable and Lend Transparency on Campus Sexual Violence Act
A BILL
To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to increase transparency and reporting on campus sexual violence, and for other purposes.
Sec. 2 Disclosure of Enforcement Actions
Disclosure of program reviews and open investigations— The Department of Education Organization Act is amended—
in section 203(b) (20 U.S.C. 3413(b)), by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
“(3) The Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights shall make publicly available on the Department’s website a list of institutions under investigation, the sanctions (if any) or findings issued pursuant to such investigations, and a copy of program reviews and resolution agreements, including voluntary resolution agreements, entered into with the Secretary or Attorney General under title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) or title IV of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000c et seq.).
“(4) Not later than 30 days after the termination of the resolution agreements described in paragraph (3), the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights shall transmit to the Secretary, the President, and the Congress, and make publicly available on the Department’s website, the letter terminating the Department of Education's monitoring of such agreements.”
in section 205 (20 U.S.C. 3415), by adding at the end the following new subsection:
“(c) The Assistant Secretary for Postsecondary Education shall make publicly available on the Department’s website a list of institutions under investigation, the sanctions (if any) or findings issued pursuant to such investigations, and a copy of program reviews and resolution agreements entered into with the Secretary or Attorney General under subsection 485(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)).”
Inspector General— Not later than January 1, 2019, the Inspector General of the Department of Education shall submit to Congress and make publicly available a report reviewing compliance with paragraphs (3) and (4) of section 203(b) of the Department of Education Organization Act (20 U.S.C. 3413(b)) and section 205(c) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 3415), as added by subsection (a).
Sec. 3 Authority to Levy Fines
Section 203(c) of the Department of Education Organization Act (20 U.S.C. 3413) is amended—
by striking “and” at the end of paragraph (3);
by striking the period at the end of paragraph (4) and inserting “; and”; and
by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
“(5) to impose a civil penalty to be paid by an institution of higher education that has violated a law under the jurisdiction of the Office for Civil Rights, the amount of which shall be determined by the gravity of the violation, and the imposition of which shall not preclude other remedies available under Federal law.”
Sec. 4 Climate surveys
Paragraph (1) of section 485(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)) is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
“(K) Beginning October 1, 2020, statistics based upon a sexual violence climate survey conducted not later than April 1, 2019, and every 2 years thereafter—
“(i) which is developed and approved by the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the Centers for Disease Control of the Department of Health and Human Services and the Attorney General, except that the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey developed by the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention may be used for purposes of this subparagraph until the sexual violence climate survey has been developed;
“(ii) which assesses the occurrence on campus or in a noncampus building or property during the preceding calendar year for which data is available of—
“(I) instances of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, sexual violence, sexual harassment, and stalking;
“(II) whether the instances described in subclause (I) were experienced in-person or through electronic means;
“(III) indicators of discrimination, and positive and negative trends for intimate relationships that incorporates information about gender identity and sexual orientation;
“(IV) the effectiveness of campus sexual violence awareness and prevention programs and policies for the overall student body and different student populations, such as students of color, students in the LGBTQ communities, and students with disabilities;
“(V) the effectiveness of current processes for complaints on and investigations into sex-based, race-based, national origin-based, sexual orientation-based, gender identity-based, and disability-based harassment, assault, discrimination, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking;
“(VI) student’s awareness of campus policies and procedures, including the location and process for accessing campus resources such as the title IX coordinator designated by the institution pursuant to title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972;
“(VII) whether individuals impacted by sexual violence, discrimination, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking have experienced negative effects on their education, including diminished grades, dropped classes, leaves of absence;
“(VIII) whether individuals impacted by sexual violence, discrimination, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking have experienced negative financial consequences, including costs associated with counseling, medical services, or housing changes; and
“(IX) any other issues relating to sex-based, race-based, national origin-based, sexual orientation-based, gender identity-based, and disability-based discrimination, harassment, assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking, as appropriate; and
“(iii) which shall be made publicly available and easily accessible on the institution’s website, including on webpages directed at prospective and current students.”
Sec. 5 Creation of a private right of action
Section 485(f)(14) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)(14)) is amended to read as follows:
“(14)
“(A) Subject to subparagraph (C), an aggrieved individual may allege a violation of this subsection in a judicial proceeding. A court may award an aggrieved individual all appropriate relief, including equitable relief, compensatory damages, cost of the action, and remedial action.
“(B) This paragraph shall not be construed to preclude an aggrieved individual from obtaining other remedies under any other provision of law or to require such individual to exhaust any administrative complaint process or notice-of-claim requirement before seeking redress under this paragraph.
“(C) For actions brought pursuant to this paragraph, the statute of limitations period shall be determined in accordance with section 1658(a) of title 28, United States Code. The tolling of any such limitations period shall be determined in accordance with section 1979 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (42 U.S.C. 1983) in the forum State.”
Sec. 6 Increase of Clery Act penalties
Section 485(f)(13) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)(13)) is amended—
by striking “in the same amount and”; and
by inserting before the period at the end the following: “, expect that such section shall be applied by substituting “$100,000” for “$25,000””.
Sec. 7 Notification of policies aimed at prevention of sexual violence
In general— Paragraph (8) of section 485(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)) is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:
“(D) The statement of policy described in subparagraph (A) shall be—
“(i) written using simple and understandable language and clear formatting; and
“(ii) made widely available and posted on the institution’s public website, and in conspicuous places, including places in and around student housing, residence halls, student health centers, student recreation centers, the main student center on campus, academic buildings, and athletic facilities, where students congregate and are likely to see it.
“(E) The statement of policy described in subparagraph (A) shall be provided, on an annual basis, to each student group, student team, or student organization which is part of such institution, is recognized by the institution, or permitted by the institution to use its name or facilities or is known by the institution to act as an unaffiliated student group, student team, or student organization, and each institution of higher education described in subparagraph (A) shall ensure that each such group, team, or organization distributes a copy of such policy to each of its members as well as each of its applicants for membership, including plebes, pledges, or similar applicants.
“(F) An institution’s compliance with subparagraph (E) with respect to an unaffiliated student group, student team, or student organization shall not constitute evidence of the institution's recognition or endorsement of such unaffiliated group, team, or organization.”
Comptroller General Review— Not later than August 1, 2020, the Comptroller General shall report to the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate on—
the implementation of section 485(f)(8) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)(8)), as amended by subsection (a), including—
the extent to which institutions of higher education have developed the statement of policy required under subparagraph (A) of such section;
how institutions of higher education are—
distributing such statement of policy; and
determining whether the policy is received and understood by students; and
the Secretary of Education’s oversight of the compliance of institutions of higher education with respect to the statement of policy requirements under such section, including efforts, in consultation with the Attorney General, to provide technical assistance to institutions of higher education in complying with such requirements; and
any changes in the numbers of dating violence, domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking incidents reported to campus security authorities or local police agencies as indicated by the annual security reports distributed under of section 485(f)(1) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)(1)) or the climate survey established in Section 4 of this Act.
Sec. 8 Campus sexual violence task force
Campus sexual violence task force— Not later than September 1, 2020, the Secretary of Education, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the Attorney General shall establish a joint interagency task force to be known as the “Campus Sexual Violence Task Force” that shall—
provide pertinent information to the Secretary of Education, Attorney General, Congress, and the public with respect to campus sexual violence prevention, investigations, and responses, including the creation of a consistent, public complaint processes for violations of title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) and section 485(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f));
provide recommendations to institutions of higher education for establishing sexual assault prevention and response teams;
develop recommendations for institutions of higher education on providing survivor resources, including healthcare, rape kits, sexual assault nurse examiners, culturally responsive and inclusive standards of care, and access to confidential advocacy and support services;
develop recommendations for best practices for responses and prevention with respect to sexual violence for educational institutions, taking into consideration an institution’s size and resources;
develop recommendations on intersectional approaches to supporting survivors and the response to and prevention of sexual violence that consider the intersections of race, ethnicity, gender identity, sexual orientation, ability, socio-economic status, exposure to trauma, and other compounding factors;
solicit input from a diverse group of survivors, advocates from national, State, and local anti-sexual violence advocacy organizations, institutions of higher education, and other public stakeholders;
assess the Department of Education’s ability under section 902 of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1682) to levy intermediate fines for noncompliance with title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) and the advisability of additional remedies for such noncompliance, in addition to the remedies already available under Federal law; and
create a plan described in subsection (c).
Personnel details—
Authority to detail— Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the head of an element of any Federal agency is that is funded under the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13925 et seq.) may detail an officer or employee of such element to the Campus Sexual Violence Task Force or to the Secretary of Education to assist the Task Force with the duties described in subsection (a), as jointly agreed to by the head of such element and the Task Force.
Basis for detail— A personnel detail made under paragraph (1) may be made—
for a period of not more than 3 years; and
on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis.
Additional plan— Not later than 90 days after the date on which the Campus Sexual Violence Task Force is established under subsection (a), the Task Force shall submit to Congress a plan for recruiting, retaining, and training a highly-qualified workforce employed by the Department of Education to carry out investigation of complaints alleging a violation of title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) or section 485(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)), and enforcement of such title IX (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) or such section 485(f) (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)), with respect to campus sexual violence. Such plan shall include—
an assessment of the capabilities of the current workforce carrying out such investigation and enforcement;
an examination of issues of recruiting, retention, and the professional development of such workforce, including the possibility of providing retention bonuses or other forms of compensation for the purpose of ensuring the Department of Education has the capacity, in both personnel and skills, needed to properly perform its mission and provide adequate oversight of educational institutions;
an assessment of the benefits of outreach and training with both law enforcement agencies and institutions of higher education with respect to such workforce;
an examination of best practices for making institutions of higher education aware of the most effective campus sexual violence prevention, investigation, and response practices and identifying areas where more research should be conducted; and
strategies for addressing such other matters as the Secretary of Education considers necessary to campus sexual violence prevention, investigation, and responses.
Annual report— The Campus Sexual Violence Task Force shall report to Congress on an annual basis, and make publicly available, a report of its activities and any update of the plan required under subsection (c), including the number of complaints received regarding sexual violence (including violence on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity), the number of open investigations, the average time to complete an investigation, the number of investigations initiated based on complaints, and the number of investigations initiated by the Department of Education.
Authorization of appropriations—
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972— There are authorized to be appropriated for training, hiring, and retaining a workforce exclusively dedicated to investigation and enforcement of title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) provisions with respect to sexual violence, for fiscal year 2019 and each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years, an amount that is equal to the sum of the amounts appropriated for such purpose for fiscal year 2018 plus $5,000,000.
Section 485(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965— There are authorized to be appropriated for training, hiring, and retaining a workforce exclusively dedicated to investigation and enforcement of section 485(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)), for fiscal year 2019 and each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years, an amount that is equal to the sum of the amounts appropriated for such purpose for fiscal year 2018 plus $5,000,000.
Definitions— In this section:
The term educational institution includes an institution of higher education, an elementary school, or a secondary school.
The terms elementary school and secondary school have the meanings given the terms in section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
The term institution of higher education has the meaning given the term in section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1002).
The term sexual assault has the meaning of an offense that meets the definition of rape, fondling, incest, or statutory rape under—
the Uniform Crime Report of the Federal Bureau of Investigation; and
the final regulations published by the Department of Education in the Federal Register on October 20, 2014, for Appendix A of subpart D of part 668, Code of Federal Regulations (79 Fed. Reg. 62752).
Sec. 9 Conforming amendments
Section 485(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092(f)) is amended—
in paragraph (1)(F)(i)(II), by striking “sex offenses, forcible or nonforcible” and inserting “sexual assault”; and
by amending paragraph (6)(A)(v) to read as follows:
“(v) The term sexual assault has the meaning of an offense that meets the definition of rape, fondling, incest, or statutory rape under—
“(I) the Uniform Crime Report of the Federal Bureau of Investigation; and
“(II) the final regulations published by the Department of Education in the Federal Register on October 20, 2014, for Appendix A of subpart D of part 668, Code of Federal Regulations (79 Fed. Reg. 62752).”