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Bill
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S. 1252 — what changed

Global Food Security Act of 2016

From Reported in Senate to Engrossed in Senate. 7 sections amended and 2 added between Reported in Senate and Engrossed in Senate.

Section 1 Short title

changed This Act may be cited as the “Global Food Security Act of 2015”.2016”.

Sec. 2 Findings

Congress makes the following findings:

(1)
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (referred to in this section as the “FAO”), 805,000,000 people worldwide suffer from chronic hunger. Hunger and malnutrition rob people of health and productive lives and stunt the mental and physical development of future generations.
(2)
According to the January 2014 “Worldwide Threat Assessment of the US Intelligence Community”—
(A)
the “[l]ack of adequate food will be a destabilizing factor in countries important to US national security that do not have the financial or technical abilities to solve their internal food security problems”; and
(B)
“[f]ood and nutrition insecurity in weakly governed countries might also provide opportunities for insurgent groups to capitalize on poor conditions, exploit international food aid, and discredit governments for their inability to address basic needs”.
(3)
changed Decades A comprehensive approach to sustainable food and nutrition security should not only respond to emergency food shortages, but should also address malnutrition, resilience to food and nutrition insecurity, building the capacity of research have shown poor, rural populations to improve their agricultural productivity and incomes, removing institutional impediments to agricultural development, value chain access and efficiency, including processing and storage, enhancing agribusiness development, access to markets and activities that there are multiple underlying causes of food insecurity address the specific needs and poor nutrition, including—barriers facing women and small-scale producers, education, and collaborative research.
(A)
removed the lack of availability of, access to, and consumption of nutritious food;
(B)
removed limited investments to improve agricultural productivity;
(C)
removed social and gender inequality;
(D)
removed insufficient value chains and market development for farmers, including small-scale producers, which lead to post-harvest loss; and
(E)
removed weak institutions in government and civil society.
(4)
removed Agriculture, which comprises large portions of the total labor force in many developing countries, is an essential component of inclusive economic growth. According to the World Bank’s 2008 World Development Report, growth in the agricultural sector has been twice as effective in reducing poverty as growth in other sectors.
(5)
removed Women, who are often heads of households and small farmers, are especially vulnerable to food insecurity. Women frequently face stricter constraints than men in accessing markets and resources. In its 2010–2011 report, the FAO estimated that if women farmers had the same access to inputs as men, they could increase their farm yields by 20 to 30 percent. According to the FAO, this “could raise total agricultural output in developing countries by 2.5–4 percent”.
(6)
removed According to UNICEF—
(A)
removed more than 161,000,000 children younger than 5 years of age suffer from chronic malnutrition (also referred to as stunting); and
(B)
removed 1 in 3 women in the developing world are anemic, which leads to severe health and developmental consequences.
(7)
removed According to the United Nations World Food Programme, poor nutrition causes 45 percent of deaths in children younger than 5 years of age.
(8)
removed Malnutrition can—
(A)
removed undermine future earning potential by up to 20 percent; and
(B)
removed inhibit economic growth by up to 3 percent of gross domestic product.
(9)
removed According to The Cost of Hunger in Africa Study by the African Union Commission—
(A)
removed the economic costs associated with child undernutrition are substantial, ranging from 2 percent to 16 percent of the gross national product in several African nations; and
(B)
removed adults who suffer from stunting as children are less productive than nonstunted workers and are less able to contribute to the economy.
(10)
removed According to Save the Children’s 2013 Food for Thought report, if the current malnutrition rates continue, global output could be reduced by an estimated $125,000,000,000 by 2030, as the young children of today reach working age.
(11)
removed A comprehensive approach to sustainable food and nutrition security should not only respond to emergency food shortages, but should also address malnutrition, resilience to food and nutrition insecurity, building the capacity of poor, rural populations to improve their agricultural productivity, and incomes, removing institutional impediments to agricultural development, value chain access and efficiency, including processing and storage, enhancing agribusiness development, access to markets and activities that address the specific needs and barriers facing women and small-scale producers, education, and collaborative research.
(12)
removed An effective, sustainable approach to combating food insecurity requires consultation with, and participation from, multiple stakeholders, including government, the private sector, international organizations, international and local nongovernmental stakeholders, grassroots and civil society organizations, faith-based organizations, and higher education research institutions.
(13)
removed Nongovernmental organizations, faith-based organizations, community-based organizations, private voluntary organizations, academic institutions, and cooperatives can increase the effectiveness of public investments by building local capacity, strengthening food and nutrition security and resilience, and leveraging additional resources.
(14)
removed The United States has provided consistent global leadership in addressing food security and investing in agricultural development and humanitarian assistance. In 2010, the United States Government launched Feed the Future (referred to in this paragraph as “FTF”), an initiative designed to expand and better coordinate the United States investments in improving global food security. FTF is a whole-of-government approach that works across agricultural value chains and focuses on the dual objectives of improving farmer productivity, income, and livelihoods in developing countries and improving the nutrition of women and children.
(15)
removed The United States Government spearheaded the creation of the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (referred to in this paragraph as the “GAFSP”), which mobilizes contributions from a wide range of international donors to support the goals of FTF. As of 2014, the GAFSP had received pledges totaling $1,300,000,000 from 10 donors and reached an estimated 12,000,000 direct beneficiaries in 25 countries.

Sec. 3 Statement of policy objectives; sense of congress

(a)
changed Statement of policy objectives— It is in the national security interest of the United States to promote global food and nutrition security, resilience, and nutrition, consistent with national agriculture food security investment plans, which is reinforced through programs, activities, and initiatives that—
(1)
changed eradicate hunger and malnutrition, especially for women place food insecure countries on a path toward self-sufficiency and children;economic freedom through the coordination of United States foreign assistance programs;
(2)
changed assist foreign countries to achieve long-term, sustainable, accelerate inclusive, agricultural-led economic growth that reduces global poverty, hunger, and inclusive agricultural development by emphasizing—malnutrition, particularly among women and children;
(3)
added increase the productivity, incomes, and livelihoods of small-scale producers, especially women, by working across agricultural value chains, enhancing local capacity to manage agricultural resources effectively and expanding producer access to local and international markets;
(4)
added build resilience to food shocks among vulnerable populations and households while reducing reliance upon emergency food assistance;
(5)
added create an enabling environment for agricultural growth and investment, including through the promotion of secure and transparent property rights;
(6)
added improve the nutritional status of women and children, with a focus on reducing child stunting, including through the promotion of highly nutritious foods, diet diversification, and nutritional behaviors that improve maternal and child health;
(7)
added demonstrably meet, align with and leverage broader United States strategies and investments in trade, economic growth, national security, science and technology, agriculture research and extension, maternal and child health, nutrition, and water, sanitation, and hygiene;
(8)
added continue to strengthen partnerships between United States-based universities, including land-grant colleges, and universities and institutions in target countries and communities that build agricultural capacity; and
(A)
removed increased productivity, resiliency, local management capacity, income, and growth;
(B)
removed reduction in poverty and long-term vulnerability to food and nutrition insecurity; and
(C)
removed improved skills building and market linkages for producers, especially for women and small-scale producers, who face specific constraints in accessing markets, networks, and resources; and
(9)
renumbered was (2)(5) ensure the effective use of United States taxpayer dollars to further these objectives.
(b)
changed Sense of Congress—congress— It is the sense of the Congress that the President, or a designee of the President, in providing assistance under this Act, to implement the Global Food Security Strategy, should—
(1)
changed coordinate, through a whole-of-government approach, the efforts of relevant Federal departments and agencies to develop and implement the strategy set forth in section 5(a);Global Food Security Strategy;
(2)
changed utilize, seek to fully utilize the maximum extent possible, open unique capabilities of each relevant Federal department and streamlined solicitations, grants, agency while collaborating with and cooperative agreements to allow for leveraging the participation of a wide range contributions of implementing partners; other key stakeholders; and
(3)
changed strengthen utilize open and expand partnerships between developing country institutions of agricultural sciences with universities in streamlined solicitations to allow for the United States, with participation of a focus on building the agricultural capacities wide range of universities in developing nations.implementing partners through the most appropriate procurement mechanisms, which may include grants, contracts, cooperative agreements, and other instruments as necessary and appropriate.

Sec. 4 Definitions

In this Act:

(1)
Appropriate congressional committees— The term appropriate congressional committees means—
(A)
the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
(B)
the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate;
(C)
the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
(D)
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives;
(E)
the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives; and
(F)
the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
(2)
Feed the future innovation labs— The term Feed the Future Innovation Labs means research partnerships led by United States universities that advance solutions to reduce global hunger, poverty, and malnutrition.
(3)
removed Feed the future strategy— The term Feed the Future Strategy means the strategy developed and implemented pursuant to section 5(a).
(3)
renumbered was (6) Food and nutrition security— The term food and nutrition security means access to, and availability, utilization, and stability of, sufficient food to meet caloric and nutritional needs for an active and healthy life.
(4)
added Global food security strategy— The term Global Food Security Strategy means the strategy developed and implemented pursuant to section 5(a).
(5)
added Key stakeholders— The term key stakeholders means actors engaged in efforts to advance global food security programs and objectives, including—
(A)
added relevant Federal departments and agencies;
(B)
added national and local governments in target countries;
(C)
added other bilateral donors;
(D)
added international and regional organizations;
(E)
added international, regional, and local financial institutions;
(F)
added international, regional, and local private voluntary, nongovernmental, faith-based, and civil society organizations;
(G)
added the private sector, including agribusinesses and relevant commodities groups;
(H)
added agricultural producers, including farmer organizations, cooperatives, small-scale producers, and women; and
(I)
added agricultural research and academic institutions, including land-grant universities and extension services.
(6)
renumbered was (7) Malnutrition— The term malnutrition means poor nutritional status caused by nutritional deficiency or excess.
(6)
removed Resilience— The term resilience means the ability of people, households, communities, countries, and systems to mitigate, adapt to, and recover from shocks and stresses in a manner that reduces chronic vulnerability and facilitates inclusive growth.
(7)
changed Small-scale producer—Relevant federal departments and agencies— The term small-scale producer means farmers, pastoralists, and fishers that have a low asset base and limited resources, including land, capital, skills relevant Federal departments and labor, and, in agencies means the case United States Agency for International Development, the Department of farmers, typically farm on fewer than 5 hectares Agriculture, the Department of land.Commerce, the Department of State, the Department of the Treasury, the Millennium Challenge Corporation, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, the Peace Corps, the Office of the United States Trade Representative, the United States African Development Foundation, the United States Geological Survey, and any other department or agency specified by the President for purposes of this section.
(8)
added Resilience— The term resilience means the ability of people, households, communities, countries, and systems to mitigate, adapt to, and recover from shocks and stresses to food security in a manner that reduces chronic vulnerability and facilitates inclusive growth.
(9)
added Small-scale producer— The term small-scale producer means farmers, pastoralists, foresters, and fishers that have a low asset base and limited resources, including land, capital, skills and labor, and, in the case of farmers, typically farm on fewer than 5 hectares of land.
(10)
renumbered was (10) Stunting— The term stunting refers to a condition that—
(A)
renumbered was (10)(3) is measured by a height-to-age ratio that is more than 2 standard deviations below the median for the population;
(B)
renumbered was (10)(4) manifests in children who are younger than 2 years of age;
(C)
renumbered was (10)(5) is a process that can continue in children after they reach 2 years of age, resulting in an individual being “stunted”;
(D)
renumbered was (10)(6) is a sign of chronic malnutrition; and
(E)
renumbered was (10)(7) can lead to long-term poor health, delayed motor development, impaired cognitive function, and decreased immunity.
(11)
added Sustainable— The term sustainable means the ability of a target country, community, implementing partner, or intended beneficiary to maintain, over time, the programs authorized and outcomes achieved pursuant to this Act.
(12)
added Target country— The term target country means a developing country that is selected to participate in agriculture and nutrition security programs under the Global Food Security Strategy pursuant to the selection criteria described in section 5(a)(2), including criteria such as the potential for agriculture-led economic growth, government commitment to agricultural investment and policy reform, opportunities for partnerships and regional synergies, the level of need, and resource availability.
(9)
removed Sustainable— The term sustainable means the ability of a target country, community, implementing partner, or intended beneficiary to maintain the programs authorized and the outcomes achieved pursuant to this Act over time.
(10)
removed Target country— The term target country means a developing country that is selected to participate in agriculture and nutrition security programs under the Feed the Future Strategy.

Sec. 5 Comprehensive global food security strategy

(a)
added Strategy— The President shall coordinate the development and implementation of a United States whole-of-government strategy to accomplish the policy objectives set forth in section 3(a), which shall—
(a)
removed Feed the future strategy—
(1)
removed In general— The President, or a designee of the President, shall coordinate the development and implementation of a United States whole-of-government strategy to accomplish the policy objectives set forth in section 3(a), which shall—
(A)
removed support and be aligned with country-owned agriculture, nutrition, and food security policy and investment plans developed with input from relevant governmental and nongovernmental sectors within target countries and regional bodies, including—
(i)
removed representatives of the private sector;
(ii)
removed agricultural producers, including women and small-scale producers;
(iii)
removed international and local civil society organizations;
(iv)
removed faith-based organizations; and
(v)
removed research and academic institutions;
(B)
removed support inclusive, sustainable agricultural value chain development, with small-scale producers, especially women, gaining greater access to the inputs, skills, networking, resource management capacity, bargaining power, financing, and market linkages needed to sustain their long-term economic prosperity;
(C)
removed support the improvement of the nutritional status of women and children, especially during the critical 1,000-day window starting at the beginning of a woman’s pregnancy and ending 2 years after her child’s birth, with a focus on reducing child stunting;
(D)
removed urge target countries and communities to respect and promote the land tenure rights of local communities, particularly those of women and small-scale producers;
(E)
removed support the long-term success of programs by building the capacity of local organizations and institutions;
(F)
removed integrate resilience and nutrition strategies into food security programs, such that chronically vulnerable populations are better able to build safety nets, secure livelihoods, access markets, manage resources, and access opportunities for longer-term economic growth;
(G)
removed develop community and producer resilience to natural disasters, emergencies, and natural occurrences that adversely impact productivity and livelihoods;
(H)
removed harness science, technology, and innovation, including the research conducted at Feed the Future Innovation Labs, or any successor entities, throughout the United States;
(I)
removed leverage resources and expertise through partnerships with the private sector, farm organizations, cooperatives, civil society, research entities, and academic institutions;
(J)
removed support collaboration between United States universities and public and private institutions in developing countries to promote agricultural development and innovation;
(K)
removed set clear and transparent selection criteria for target countries, regions, and intended beneficiaries of assistance provided under this Act;
(L)
removed set specific and measurable goals, benchmarks, timetables, performance metrics, and monitoring and evaluation plans that reflect international best practices relating to transparency, accountability, food and nutrition security, and agriculture-led economic growth, consistent with the policy objectives described in the Feed the Future Strategy; and
(M)
removed include criteria and methodology for graduating countries from United States assistance provided under this Act once the countries have achieved certain benchmarks.
(1)
changed Governing law— Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in carrying out the purposes of this Act, assistance may be provided to the Department of State set specific and the United States Agency for International Development pursuant measurable goals, benchmarks, timetables, performance metrics, and monitoring and evaluation plans that reflect international best practices relating to sections 103 transparency, accountability, food and 103A, title XII of chapter 2 of part I, nutrition security, and chapter 4 of part II of agriculture-led economic growth, consistent with the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151a, 2151a–1, 2220a et seq., and 2346 et seq.).policy objectives described in section 3(a);
(2)
added establish clear and transparent selection criteria for target countries, communities, regions, and intended beneficiaries of assistance;
(3)
added describe the methodology and criteria for the selection of target countries;
(4)
added support and be aligned with country-owned agriculture, nutrition, and food security policy and investment plans developed with input from key stakeholders, as appropriate;
(5)
added support inclusive agricultural value chain development, with small-scale producers, especially women, gaining greater access to the inputs, skills, resource management capacity, networking, bargaining power, financing, and market linkages needed to sustain their long-term economic prosperity;
(6)
added support improvement of the nutritional status of women and children, particularly during the critical first 1,000-day window until a child reaches 2 years of age and with a focus on reducing child stunting, through nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive programs, including related water, sanitation, and hygiene programs;
(7)
added facilitate communication and collaboration, as appropriate, among local stakeholders in support of a multi-sectoral approach to food and nutrition security, to include analysis of the multiple underlying causes of malnutrition, including lack of access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene;
(8)
added support the long-term success of programs by building the capacity of local organizations and institutions in target countries and communities;
(9)
added integrate resilience and nutrition strategies into food security programs, such that chronically vulnerable populations are better able to build safety nets, secure livelihoods, access markets, and access opportunities for longer-term economic growth;
(10)
added develop community and producer resilience to natural disasters, emergencies, and natural occurrences that adversely impact agricultural yield;
(11)
added harness science, technology, and innovation, including the research and extension activities supported by relevant Federal Departments and agencies and Feed the Future Innovation Labs, or any successor entities;
(12)
added integrate agricultural development activities among food insecure populations living in proximity to designated national parks or wildlife areas into wildlife conservation efforts, as necessary and appropriate;
(13)
added leverage resources and expertise through partnerships with the private sector, farm organizations, cooperatives, civil society, faith-based organizations, and agricultural research and academic institutions;
(14)
added strengthen and expand collaboration between United States universities, including public, private, and land-grant universities, with higher education institutions in target countries to increase their effectiveness and relevance to promote agricultural development and innovation through the creation of human capital, innovation, and cutting edge science in the agricultural sector;
(15)
added seek to ensure that target countries and communities respect and promote land tenure rights of local communities, particularly those of women and small-scale producers;
(16)
added include criteria and methodologies for graduating target countries and communities from assistance provided to implement the Global Food Security Strategy as such countries and communities meet the progress benchmarks identified pursuant to section 8(b)(4); and
(17)
added demonstrably support the United States national security and economic interest in the countries where assistance is being provided.
(b)
changed Feed the future coordination—Coordination— The President, or a designee of the President, President shall coordinate, through a whole-of-government approach, the efforts of relevant Federal departments and agencies in implementing the Feed implementation of the Future Global Food Security Strategy by—
(1)
changed establishing policy coherence, monitoring and evaluation systems, coherence, and coordination across all relevant Federal departments and agencies;
(2)
changed aligning establishing linkages with other initiatives and strategies of the United States Agency for International Development, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of State, the Millennium Challenge Corporation, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, the Peace Corps, the United States Trade Representative, the United States Africa Development Foundation, the Department of Commerce, the Department of the Treasury, relevant Federal departments and the United States Geological Survey;agencies; and
(3)
changed establishing platforms for regular consultation and collaboration with key stakeholders, including—stakeholders and the appropriate congressional committees.
(c)
added Strategy submission—
(1)
added In general— Not later than October 1, 2016, the President, in consultation with the head of each relevant Federal department and agency, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees the Global Food Security Strategy required under this section, including a detailed description of how the United States intends to advance the objectives set forth in section 3(a) and the agency-specific plans described in paragraph (2).
(2)
added Agency-specific plans— The Global Food Security Strategy shall include specific implementation plans from each relevant Federal department and agency that describes—
(A)
added the anticipated contributions of the department or agency, including technical, financial, and in-kind contributions, to implement the Global Food Security Strategy; and
(B)
added the efforts of the department or agency to ensure that the activities and programs carried out pursuant to the strategy are designed to achieve maximum impact and long-term sustainability.
(A)
removed national and local governments;
(B)
removed multilateral institutions;
(C)
removed private voluntary organizations;
(D)
removed cooperatives;
(E)
removed the private sector;
(F)
removed local nongovernmental and civil society organizations;
(G)
removed faith-based organizations;
(H)
removed research and academic institutions;
(I)
removed congressional committees; and
(J)
removed other stakeholders, as appropriate;
(4)
removed leveraging the expertise of the Department of Agriculture in agricultural development, nutrition, trade, research, and education; and
(5)
removed establishing and leading regular public consultations in target countries.

Sec. 6 Assistance to implement the global food security strategy

(a)
changed In general—Food shortages— Not later than 1 year after the date The President is authorized to carry out activities pursuant to section 103, section 103A, title XII of the enactment chapter 2 of this Act, part I, and not later than December 31 chapter 4 of each year thereafter through 2020, the President, or a designee part II of the President, shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees that describes the status Foreign Assistance Act of the implementation 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151a, 2151a–1, 2220a et seq., and 2346 et seq.) to prevent or address food shortages notwithstanding any other provision of the Feed the Future Strategy.law.
(b)
changed Content—Authorization of appropriations— The report required under subsection (a) shall—There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development $1,000,600,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 and 2018 to carry out those portions of the Global Food Security Strategy that relate to the Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development, respectively.
(1)
removed contain an appendix of the Feed the Future Strategy;
(2)
removed identify any substantial changes made in the Feed the Future Strategy during the preceding calendar year;
(3)
removed identify the indicators that will be used to measure results, set benchmarks for progress over time, and establish mechanisms for reporting results in an open and transparent manner;
(4)
removed describe the progress made in implementing the Feed the Future Strategy;
(5)
removed assess the progress and results of implementing international food and nutrition security programming on the policy objectives set forth in section 3(a);
(6)
removed indicate how findings from monitoring and evaluation were incorporated into program design and budget decisions;
(7)
removed contain a transparent, open, and detailed accounting of spending under this Act by all relevant Federal agencies, including a disaggregated accounting of assistance provided through different procurement mechanisms;
(8)
removed identify any United States legal or regulatory impediments that could obstruct the effective implementation of the programming referred to in paragraph (5);
(9)
removed describe how the Feed the Future Strategy relates to other United States food security and development assistance programs on the continuum from emergency food aid through sustainable, agriculture-led economic growth;
(10)
removed contain a clear gender analysis of programming that includes established disaggregated gender indicators to better analyze outcomes for food productivity, income growth, control of assets, equity in access to inputs, jobs and markets, and nutrition;
(11)
removed describe the methodology and criteria for the selection of target countries;
(12)
removed describe related strategies and benchmarks for graduating target countries and communities from assistance provided under the Feed the Future Strategy over time, including by building resilience, reducing risk, and enhancing the sustainability of outcomes from United States investments in agriculture and nutrition security;
(13)
removed assess efforts to coordinate United States international food security and nutrition programs, activities, and initiatives with—
(A)
removed other bilateral donors;
(B)
removed international and multilateral organizations;
(C)
removed international financial institutions;
(D)
removed target country governments;
(E)
removed international and local private voluntary, nongovernmental, and civil society organizations;
(F)
removed research and academic institutions; and
(G)
removed other stakeholders;
(14)
removed assess the status of institutional capacity building efforts, including higher education;
(15)
removed assess United States Government-facilitated private investment in related sectors in target countries and communities;
(16)
removed assess the impact of private sector investment on—
(A)
removed the economic opportunities available to small-scale producers, especially women;
(B)
removed improving international food and nutrition security;
(C)
removed local land tenure issues; and
(D)
removed enhancing inclusive, sustainable agricultural development;
(17)
removed be prepared in consultation with relevant United States Government agencies; and
(18)
removed incorporate a plan for regularly reviewing and updating strategies, partnerships, and programs and sharing lessons learned with a wide range of stakeholders in an open and transparent manner.
(c)
changed Public availability of information—Monitoring and evaluation— The information referred to in subsection (b) President shall be made publicly accessible in an electronic format and in seek to ensure that assistance to implement the Global Food Security Strategy is provided under established parameters for a timely manner.rigorous accountability system to monitor and evaluate progress and impact of the strategy, including by reporting to the appropriate congressional committees and the public on an annual basis.
(d)
removed Government Accountability Office report— During the 1-year period ending on December 31, 2019, the Comptroller General of the United States shall publish a report that—
(1)
removed summarizes the progress of the strategy described in section 5(a);
(2)
removed assesses the whole-of-government coordination described in section 5(b);
(3)
removed assesses the mechanisms through which United States assistance authorized under this Act is provided, including a list of the major recipients of United States contracts, grants, and cooperative agreements;
(4)
removed includes a review of evaluations conducted on assistance provided under this Act; and
(5)
removed assesses the budget decisionmaking process, including the role of monitoring and evaluation in program design.

Sec. 7 Emergency food security program

(a)
added Sense of congress— It is the sense of Congress that—
(1)
added the crisis in Syria, which is characterized by acts of terrorism and atrocities directed against civilians, including mass murder, forced displacement, aerial bombardment, ethnic and religious persecution, torture, kidnapping, rape and sexual enslavement, has triggered one of the most profound humanitarian crises of this century and poses a direct threat to regional security and the national security interests of the United States;
(2)
added it is in the national security interests of the United States to respond to the needs of displaced Syrian persons and the communities hosting such persons, including with food assistance; and
(3)
added after four years of conflict in Syria and the onset of other major humanitarian emergencies where, like Syria, the provision of certain United States humanitarian assistance has been particularly challenging, including the 2013 super-typhoon in the Philippines, the 2014 outbreak of Ebola in west Africa, the 2015 earthquake in Nepal, ongoing humanitarian disasters in Yemen and South Sudan, and the threat of a major El Nino event in 2016, United States international disaster assistance has become severely stressed.
(b)
added Statement of policy— It shall be the policy of the United States, in coordination with other donors, regional governments, international organizations, and international financial institutions, to fully leverage, enhance, and expand the impact and reach of available United States humanitarian resources, including for food assistance, to mitigate the effects of manmade and natural disasters by utilizing innovative new approaches to delivering aid that support affected persons and the communities hosting them, build resilience and early recovery, and reduce opportunities for waste, fraud, and abuse.
(c)
added Amendments to the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961—
(1)
added Section 491 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2292) is amended—
(A)
added by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and
(B)
added by inserting after subsection (b) the following new subsection:

added “(c) Emergency food security program

added “(1) In general—Subject to the limitations in section 492, and notwithstanding any other provision of this or any other Act, the President is authorized to make available emergency food assistance, including in the form of funds, transfers, vouchers, and agricultural commodities (including products derived from agricultural commodities) acquired through local or regional procurement, to meet emergency food needs arising from manmade and natural disasters.

added “(2) Designation—Funds made available under this subsection shall be known as the “International Disaster Assistance – Emergency Food Security Program”.”

(2)
added Section 492 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2292a) is amended—
(A)
added in subsection (a), by striking “$25,000,000 for the fiscal year 1986 and $25,000,000 for the fiscal year 1987.” and inserting “$2,794,184,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 and 2018, of which up to $1,257,382,000 should be made available to carry out section 491(c).”; and
(B)
added by inserting after subsection (b) the following new subsections:

added “(c) Amounts in addition to other amounts—Amounts authorized to be appropriated pursuant to the authorizations of appropriations under section 491(c) are in addition to funds otherwise available for such purposes.

added “(d) Flexibility

added “(1) United States policy—It is the policy of the United States that the funds made available to carry out section 491 are intended to provide the President with the greatest possible flexibility to address disaster-related needs as they arise and to prepare for and reduce the impact of natural and man-made disasters.

added “(2) Sense of congress—It is the sense of Congress that any amendments to applicable legal provisions contained in this Act are not intended to limit such authorities.

added “(e) Report—Not later than March 1 of each fiscal year, the President shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives a report that describes the activities undertaken by the President over the course of the prior fiscal year pursuant to section 491(c), including the amounts of assistance provided, intended beneficiaries, monitoring and evaluation strategies, anticipated outcomes, and, as practicable, actual outcomes.”

removed There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to carry out this Act, for each of the fiscal years 2015 through 2020, an amount equal to the amount of funds made available for food security and agricultural development programs for fiscal year 2014 under section 7060(d) of the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2014 (division K of Public Law 113–76; 128 Stat. 554).

Sec. 8 Reports

added
(a)
added Global food security strategy implementation reports— Not later than 1 year and 2 years after the date of the submission of the strategy required under section 5(c), the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees reports that describe the status of the implementation of the Global Food Security Strategy for 2017 and 2018, which shall—
(1)
added contain a summary of the Global Food Security Strategy as an appendix;
(2)
added identify any substantial changes made in the Global Food Security Strategy during the preceding calendar year;
(3)
added describe the progress made in implementing the Global Food Security Strategy;
(4)
added identify the indicators used to establish benchmarks and measure results over time, as well as the mechanisms for reporting such results in an open and transparent manner;
(5)
added describe related strategies and benchmarks for graduating target countries and communities from assistance provided under the Global Food Security Strategy over time, including by building resilience, reducing risk, and enhancing the sustainability of outcomes from United States investments in agriculture and nutrition security;
(6)
added indicate how findings from monitoring and evaluation were incorporated into program design and budget decisions;
(7)
added contain a transparent, open, and detailed accounting of spending by relevant Federal departments and agencies to implement the Global Food Security Strategy, including, for each Federal department and agency, the statutory source of spending, amounts spent, implementing partners and targeted beneficiaries, and activities supported to the extent practicable and appropriate;
(8)
added describe how the Global Food Security Strategy leverages other United States food security and development assistance programs on the continuum from emergency food aid through sustainable, agriculture-led economic growth and eventual self-sufficiency;
(9)
added describe the contributions of the Global Food Security Strategy to, and assess the impact of, broader international food and nutrition security assistance programs, including progress in the promotion of land tenure rights, creating economic opportunities for women and small-scale producers, and stimulating agriculture-led economic growth in target countries and communities;
(10)
added assess efforts to coordinate United States international food security and nutrition programs, activities, and initiatives with key stakeholders;
(11)
added assess United States Government-facilitated private investment in related sectors and the impact of private sector investment in target countries and communities;
(12)
added identify any United States legal or regulatory impediments that could obstruct the effective implementation of the programming referred to in paragraphs (8) and (9);
(13)
added contain a clear gender analysis of programming, to inform project-level activities, that includes established disaggregated gender indicators to better analyze outcomes for food productivity, income growth, control of assets, equity in access to inputs, jobs and markets, and nutrition; and
(14)
added incorporate a plan for regularly reviewing and updating strategies, partnerships, and programs and sharing lessons learned with a wide range of stakeholders in an open, transparent manner.
(b)
added Global food security crosscut report— Not later than 120 days after the President submits the budget to Congress under section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report including—
(1)
added an interagency budget crosscut report that—
(A)
added displays the budget proposed, including any planned interagency or intra-agency transfer, for each of the principal Federal agencies that carries out global food security activities in the upcoming fiscal year, separately reporting the amount of planned funding to be provided under existing laws pertaining to the global food security strategy to the extent available; and
(B)
added to the extent available, identifies all assistance and research expenditures at the account level in each of the five prior fiscal years by the Federal Government and United States multilateral commitments using Federal funds for global food security strategy activities;
(2)
added to the extent available, a detailed accounting of all assistance funding received and obligated by the principal Federal agencies identified in the report and United States multilateral commitments using Federal funds, for global food security activities during the current fiscal year; and
(3)
added a breakout of the proposed budget for the current and budget years by agency, categorizing expenditures by type of funding, including research, resiliency, and other food security activities to the extent that such information is available.
(c)
added Public availability of information— The information referred to in subsections (a) and (b) shall be made available on the public website of the United States Agency for International Development in an open, machine readable format, in a timely manner.

Sec. 9 Rule of construction

added
(a)
added Effect on other programs— Nothing in the Global Food Security Strategy or this Act or the amendments made by this Act shall be construed to supersede or otherwise affect the authority of the relevant Federal departments and agencies to carry out programs specified in subsection (b), in the manner provided, and subject to the terms and conditions, of those programs, including, but not limited to, the terms, conditions, and requirements relating to the procurement and transportation of food assistance furnished pursuant to such programs.
(b)
added Programs described— The programs referred to in subsection (a) are the following:
(1)
added The Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.).
(2)
added The Food for Progress Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1736o).
(3)
added Section 416(b) of the Agriculture Act of 1949 (7 U.S.C. 1431).
(4)
added McGovern-Dole Food for Education Program (7 U.S.C.1736o–1).
(5)
added Local and Regional Procurement Program (7 U.S.C. 1726c).
(6)
added Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act (7 U.S.C. 1736f–1).
(7)
added Any other food and nutrition security and emergency and non-emergency food assistance program of the Department of Agriculture.