The following persons may bring an action in an appropriate United States court to challenge the validity of any executive action which infringes on the powers and duties of Congress under section 8 of article I of the Constitution or the Second Amendment to the Constitution.
(1)
Congress and its members— Any Member of the House of Representatives or the Senate, or either or both chambers acting pursuant to vote, if the challenged action—
(A)
infringes on the powers and duties of Congress under article I, section 8 of the Constitution; or
(B)
violates the Second Amendment to the Constitution.
(2)
State and local governments— The highest governmental official of any State, commonwealth, district, territory or possession of the United States, or any political subdivision thereof, or the designee of such person, if the challenged executive action infringes on a power of such State or on a power afforded to such commonwealth, district, territory, or possession under any congressional enactment or relevant treaty of the United States.
(3)
Aggrieved persons— Any person aggrieved in a liberty or property interest adversely affected by the challenged executive action.