§5801. Purpose and definitions — Inbound Citations
7 U.S.C. § 5801
Cited by 319 provisions in release 119-102.
Citations to §5801(b)(1)
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(F) State departments engaged in sustainable agriculture programs;
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(H) farmers utilizing systems and practices of sustainable agriculture;
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(K) other persons knowledgeable about sustainable agriculture and its impact on the environment and rural communities.
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(1) activities that encourage the incorporation and integration of sustainable agriculture concerns in all State research, extension, and education projects;
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(3) the development and funding of innovative research, extension, and education programs regarding sustainable agriculture;
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(7) the incorporation of sustainable agriculture studies in undergraduate and graduate degree programs; and
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(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary shall provide grants to eligible States in an amount not to exceed 50 percent of the cost of the establishment or enhancement of a State sustainable agriculture program under a plan approved by the Secretary under subsection (c) for a period not to exceed 5 years.
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(2) To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, a State shall agree to pay, from State appropriated funds, other State revenue, or from private contributions received by the State, not less than 50 percent of the cost of the establishment or enhancement of the sustainable agriculture program under an approved plan under subsection (c).
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(a) Not later than two years after November 28, 1990, the Secretary shall develop and make available handbooks and technical guides, and any other educational materials that are appropriate for describing sustainable agriculture production systems and practices, as researched and developed under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate research programs of the Department.
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(a) The Secretary shall establish a National Training Program in Sustainable Agriculture to provide education and training for Cooperative Extension Service agents and other professionals involved in the education and transfer of technical information concerning sustainable agriculture in order to develop their understanding, competence, and ability to teach and communicate the concepts of sustainable agriculture to Cooperative Extension Service agents and to farmers and urban residents who need information on sustainable agriculture.
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(1) The Secretary shall designate not less than two regional training centers to coordinate and administer educational activities in sustainable agriculture as provided for in this section.
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(4) Such centers should be administered by entities that have a demonstrated capability relating to sustainable agriculture. The Secretary should consider utilizing existing entities with expertise in sustainable agriculture to assist in the design and implementation of the training program under paragraph (2).
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(1) The Secretary shall establish a competitive grants program to award grants to organizations, including land-grant colleges and universities, to carry out sustainable agricultural training for county agents and other individuals that need basic information concerning sustainable agriculture practices.
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(2) The purpose of the grants made available under paragraph (1) shall be to establish, in various regions in the United States, training programs that consist of workshops and short courses designed to familiarize participants with the concepts and importance of sustainable agriculture.
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(f) To assist county agents and farmers implement production practices developed under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate research programs of the Department, regional sustainable agriculture specialists may be designated within each State who shall report to the State coordinator of that State. The specialists shall be responsible for developing and coordinating local dissemination of sustainable agriculture information in a manner that is useful to farmers in the region.
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(2) help coordinate and publicize a regular series of sustainable agriculture farm tours and field days within each State;
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(3) plan for extension programming, including extensive farmer input and feedback, in the design of new and ongoing research endeavors related to sustainable agriculture;
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(6) develop, coordinate, and direct special education and outreach programs in areas highly susceptible to groundwater contamination, linking sustainable agriculture information with water quality improvement information;
Citations to §5801(b)(2)
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(a) The Secretary shall establish a research and education program concerning integrated resource management and integrated crop management in order to enhance research related to farming operations, practices, and systems that optimize crop and livestock production potential and are environmentally sound. The purpose of the program shall be—(1) to encourage producers to adopt integrated crop and livestock management practices and systems that minimize or abate adverse environmental impacts, reduce soil erosion and loss of water and nutrients, enhance the efficient use of on-farm and off-farm inputs, and maintain or increase profitability and long-term productivity;(2) to develop knowledge and information on integrated crop and livestock management systems and practices to assist agricultural producers in the adoption of these systems and practices;(3) to accumulate and analyze information on agricultural production practices researched or developed under programs established under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate programs of the Department of Agriculture to further the development of integrated crop and livestock management systems;(4) to facilitate the adoption of whole-farm integrated crop and livestock management systems through demonstration projects on individual farms, including small and limited resource farms, throughout the United States; and(5) to evaluate and recommend appropriate integrated crop and livestock management policies and programs.
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(b) The Secretary shall encourage agricultural producers to adopt and develop individual, site-specific integrated crop management practices. On a priority basis, the Secretary shall develop and disseminate information on integrated crop management systems for agricultural producers in specific localities or crop producing regions where the Secretary determines—(1) water quality is impaired as a result of local or regional agricultural production practices; or(2) the adoption of such practices may aid in the recovery of endangered or threatened species.
Citations to §5801(b)(3)
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(a) The Secretary shall establish a research and education program concerning integrated resource management and integrated crop management in order to enhance research related to farming operations, practices, and systems that optimize crop and livestock production potential and are environmentally sound. The purpose of the program shall be—(1) to encourage producers to adopt integrated crop and livestock management practices and systems that minimize or abate adverse environmental impacts, reduce soil erosion and loss of water and nutrients, enhance the efficient use of on-farm and off-farm inputs, and maintain or increase profitability and long-term productivity;(2) to develop knowledge and information on integrated crop and livestock management systems and practices to assist agricultural producers in the adoption of these systems and practices;(3) to accumulate and analyze information on agricultural production practices researched or developed under programs established under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate programs of the Department of Agriculture to further the development of integrated crop and livestock management systems;(4) to facilitate the adoption of whole-farm integrated crop and livestock management systems through demonstration projects on individual farms, including small and limited resource farms, throughout the United States; and(5) to evaluate and recommend appropriate integrated crop and livestock management policies and programs.
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(c) The Secretary shall, on a priority basis, develop programs to encourage livestock producers to develop and adopt individual, site-specific integrated resource management practices. These programs shall be designed to benefit producers and consumers through—(1) optimum use of available resources and improved production and financial efficiency for producers;(2) identifying and prioritizing the research and educational needs of the livestock industry relating to production and financial efficiency, competitiveness, environmental stability, and food safety; and(3) utilizing an interdisciplinary approach.
Citations to §5801(b)(4)
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(E) promote a partnership between farmers, nonprofit organizations, agribusiness, and public and private research and extension institutions.
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(I) agribusiness;
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(A) providing basic, technical, management, and leadership training (including by developing curricula) to regulatory and public health officials, producers, processors, and other agribusinesses;
Citations to §5801(b)(5)
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(a) The Secretary shall conduct research and extension projects to obtain data, develop conclusions, demonstrate technologies, and conduct educational programs that promote the purposes of this part, including research and extension projects that—(1) facilitate and increase scientific investigation and education in order to—(A) reduce, to the extent feasible and practicable, the use of chemical pesticides, fertilizers, and toxic natural materials in agricultural production;(B) improve low-input farm management to enhance agricultural productivity, profitability, and competitiveness; and(C) promote crop, livestock, and enterprise diversification; and(2) facilitate the conduct of projects in order to—(A) study, to the extent practicable, agricultural production systems that are located in areas that possess various soil, climate, and physical characteristics;(B) study farms that have been, and will continue to be, managed using farm production practices that rely on low-input and conservation practices;(C) take advantage of the experience and expertise of farmers and ranchers through their direct participation and leadership in projects;(D) transfer practical, reliable and timely information to farmers and ranchers concerning low-input sustainable farming practices and systems; and(E) promote a partnership between farmers, nonprofit organizations, agribusiness, and public and private research and extension institutions.
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(E) promote a partnership between farmers, nonprofit organizations, agribusiness, and public and private research and extension institutions.
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(b) The Secretary shall carry out this section through agreements entered into with land-grant colleges or universities, other universities, State agricultural experiment stations, the State cooperative extension services, nonprofit organizations with demonstrable expertise, or Federal or State governmental entities.
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(1) The Secretary shall select research and extension projects to be conducted under this section on the basis of—(A) the relevance of the project to the purposes of this part;(B) the appropriateness of the design of the project;(C) the likelihood of obtaining the objectives of the project; and(D) the national or regional applicability of the findings and outcomes of the proposed project.
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(A) closely coordinate research and extension activities;
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(1) activities that encourage the incorporation and integration of sustainable agriculture concerns in all State research, extension, and education projects;
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(3) the development and funding of innovative research, extension, and education programs regarding sustainable agriculture;
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(e) The Secretary shall ensure that handbooks and technical guides, and other educational materials are made available to the agricultural community and the public through colleges and universities, the State Cooperative Extension Service, the Soil Conservation Service, other State and Federal agencies, and any other appropriate entities.
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(a) The Secretary shall establish a National Training Program in Sustainable Agriculture to provide education and training for Cooperative Extension Service agents and other professionals involved in the education and transfer of technical information concerning sustainable agriculture in order to develop their understanding, competence, and ability to teach and communicate the concepts of sustainable agriculture to Cooperative Extension Service agents and to farmers and urban residents who need information on sustainable agriculture.
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(b) The National Training Program shall be organized and administered by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, in coordination with other appropriate Federal agencies. The Secretary shall designate an individual from the Cooperative Extension Service in each State to coordinate the National Training Program within that State. The coordinators shall be responsible, in cooperation with appropriate Federal and State agencies, for developing and implementing a statewide training program for appropriate field office personnel.
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(1) The Secretary shall ensure that all agricultural agents of the Cooperative Extension Service have completed the National Training Program not later than the end of the five-year period beginning on November 28, 1990. Such training may occur at a college or university located within each State as designated by the coordinator designated under this section.
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(2) Beginning three years after November 28, 1990, the Secretary shall ensure that all new Cooperative Extension Service agents employed by such Service are able to demonstrate, not later than 18 months after the employment of such agents, that such agents have completed the training program established in subsection (a).
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(g) The Cooperative Extension Service within each State shall transfer information developed under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate research programs of the Department through a program that shall—(1) assist in developing farmer-to-farmer information exchange networks to enable farmers making transitions to more sustainable farming systems to share ideas and draw on the experiences of other farmers;(2) help coordinate and publicize a regular series of sustainable agriculture farm tours and field days within each State;(3) plan for extension programming, including extensive farmer input and feedback, in the design of new and ongoing research endeavors related to sustainable agriculture;(4) provide technical assistance to individual farmers in the design and implementation of farm management plans and strategies for making a transition to more sustainable agricultural systems;(5) consult and work closely with the Soil Conservation Service and the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service in carrying out the information, technical assistance, and related programs;(6) develop, coordinate, and direct special education and outreach programs in areas highly susceptible to groundwater contamination, linking sustainable agriculture information with water quality improvement information;(7) develop information sources relating to crop diversification, alternative crops, on-farm food or commodity processing, and on-farm energy generation;(8) establish a well-water testing program designed to provide those persons dependent upon underground drinking water supplies with an understanding of the need for regular water testing, information on sources of testing, and an understanding of how to interpret test results and provide for the protection of underground water supplies;(9) provide specific information on water quality practices developed through the research programs in chapter 86 of this title;1(10) provide specific information on nutrient management practices developed through the research programs in chapter 86 of this title;1 and(11) provide information concerning whole-farm management systems integrating research results under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate research programs of the Department.
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(3) plan for extension programming, including extensive farmer input and feedback, in the design of new and ongoing research endeavors related to sustainable agriculture;
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(2) The persons referred to in paragraph (1) are the Director of the Agricultural Weather Office, the Director of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and other persons as appropriate (such as the directors of the appropriate State agricultural experiment stations and State extension programs).
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(2) To facilitate the making of research and extension grants under this section in the research and extension areas specified in subsections (d) through (g), the Secretary may appoint a task force for each such area to make recommendations to the Secretary. The Secretary may not incur costs in excess of $1,000 for any fiscal year in connection with each task force established under this paragraph.
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(1) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of providing research, development, or education materials, information, and outreach programs regarding risk management strategies for dairy producers and for dairy cooperatives and other processors and marketers of milk.
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(2) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of developing and evaluating new strains of potatoes that are resistant to blight and other diseases, as well as insects. Emphasis may be placed on developing potato varieties that lend themselves to innovative marketing approaches.
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(3) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of developing new uses for wood from underused tree species as well as investigating methods of modifying wood and wood fibers to produce better building materials.
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(4) Research and extension grants may be made under this section to conduct research relating to the health status of (including the presence of infectious diseases in) bighorn and domestic sheep under range conditions.
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(5) Research and extension grants may be made under this section to support food and agricultural science at a consortium of land-grant institutions in the American-Pacific region.
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(7) Research and extension grants may be made under this section to increase participation by women and underrepresented minorities from rural areas in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, with priority given to eligible institutions that carry out continuing programs funded by the Secretary.
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(8) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of studying improvements in alfalfa seed and alfalfa forage systems yields, biomass and persistence, pest pressures, the bioenergy potential of alfalfa seed and other alfalfa forage systems to reduce losses during harvest and storage.
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(9) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of—(A) developing and disseminating science-based tools and treatments to combat the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei); and(B) establishing an areawide integrated pest management program in areas affected by, or areas at risk of, being affected by the coffee berry borer.
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(10) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of carrying out or enhancing research to improve the digestibility, nutritional value, and efficiency of the use of corn, soybean meal, cereal grains, and grain byproducts for the poultry and food animal production industries.
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(11) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of—(A) developing and disseminating science-based tools and treatments to combat the macadamia felted coccid (Eriococcus ironsidei); and(B) establishing an areawide integrated pest management program in areas affected by, or areas at risk of being affected by, the macadamia felted coccid.
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(12) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of—(A) carrying out or enhancing research related to turfgrass and sod issues;(B) enhancing production and uses of turfgrass for the general public;(C) identifying new turfgrass varieties with superior drought, heat, cold, and pest tolerance to reduce water, fertilizer, and pesticide use;(D) selecting genetically superior turfgrasses and developing improved technologies for managing commercial, residential, and recreational turfgrass areas;(E) producing turfgrasses that—(i) aid in mitigating soil erosion;(ii) protect against pollutant runoff into waterways; or(iii) provide other environmental benefits;(F) investigating, preserving, and protecting native plant species, including grasses not currently utilized in turfgrass systems;(G) creating systems for more economical and viable turfgrass seed and sod production throughout the United States; and(H) investigating the turfgrass phytobiome and developing biologic products to enhance soil, enrich plants, and mitigate pests.
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(A) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of carrying out research to improve fertilizer use efficiency in crops—(i) to maximize crop yield; and(ii) to minimize nutrient losses to surface and groundwater and the atmosphere.
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(14) Research and extension grants may be made under this section to study cattle fever ticks—(A) to facilitate the understanding of the role of wildlife in the persistence and spread of cattle fever ticks;(B) to develop advanced methods for eradication of cattle fever ticks, including—(i) alternative treatment methods for cattle and other susceptible species;(ii) field treatment for premises, including corral pens and pasture loafing areas;(iii) methods for treatment and control on infested wildlife;(iv) biological control agents; and(v) new and improved vaccines;(C) to evaluate rangeland vegetation that impacts the survival of cattle fever ticks;(D) to improve management of diseases relating to cattle fever ticks that are associated with wildlife, livestock, and human health;(E) to improve diagnostic detection of tick-infested or infected animals and pastures; and(F) to conduct outreach to impacted ranchers, hunters, and landowners to integrate tactics and document sustainability of best practices.
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(16) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of supporting research projects at land-grant colleges and universities (as defined in section 3103 of this title) with established deer research programs for the purposes of treating, mitigating, or eliminating chronic wasting disease.
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(17) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the development and testing of algae and algae systems (including micro- and macro-algae systems).
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(18) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of examining nutrient management based on the source, rate, timing, and placement of crop nutrients.
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(19) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of carrying out or enhancing research on the utilization of big data for more precise management of dryland farming agricultural systems.
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(20) Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of developing and disseminating science-based tools and treatments to combat diseases of hops caused by the plant pathogens Podosphaera macularis and Pseudoperonospora humuli.
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(2) The Secretary shall carry out a pulse crop health competitive research and extension initiative to address the critical needs of the pulse crop industry by developing and disseminating science-based tools and information, including—(A) research conducted with respect to pulse crops in the areas of health and nutrition, such as—(i) pulse crop diets and the ability of such diets to reduce obesity and associated chronic disease; and(ii) the underlying mechanisms of the health benefits of pulse crop consumption;(B) research related to the functionality of pulse crops, such as—(i) improving the functional properties of pulse crops and pulse crop fractions; and(ii) developing new and innovative technologies to improve pulse crops as an ingredient in food products;(C) research conducted with respect to pulse crops for purposes of enhancing sustainability and global food security, such as—(i) improving pulse crop productivity, nutrient density, and phytonutrient content using plant breeding, genetics, and genomics;(ii) improving pest and disease management, including resistance to pests and diseases; and(iii) improving nitrogen fixation and water use efficiency to reduce the carbon and energy footprint of agriculture;(D) the optimization of systems used in producing pulse crops to reduce water usage; and(i) providing technical expertise to help food companies include pulse crops in innovative and healthy food; and(ii) establishing an educational program to encourage pulse crop consumption in the United States.
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(A) Research and extension grants may be made under this section—(i) to survey and collect data on bee colony production and health;(ii) to investigate pollinator biology, immunology, ecology, genomics, and bioinformatics;(iii) to conduct research on various factors that may be contributing to or associated with colony collapse disorder, and other serious threats to the health of honey bees and other pollinators, including—(I) parasites and pathogens of pollinators; and(II) the sublethal effects of insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides on honey bees and native and managed pollinators;(iv) to develop mitigative and preventative measures to improve native and managed pollinator health; and(v) to promote the health of honey bees and native pollinators through habitat conservation and best management practices.
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(A) The Chief Scientist of the Department of Agriculture shall coordinate research, extension, education, and economic activities in the Department of Agriculture relating to native and managed pollinator health and habitat.
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(a) In consultation with the National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board, using funds made available under subsection (e), the Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”) may make competitive grants in each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023 to support research, education, and extension activities regarding organically grown and processed agricultural commodities for the purposes of—(1) facilitating the development and improvement of organic agriculture production, breeding, and processing methods;(2) evaluating the potential economic benefits of organic agricultural production and methods to producers, processors, and rural communities;(3) exploring international trade opportunities for organically grown and processed agricultural commodities;(4) determining desirable traits for organic commodities;(5) identifying marketing and policy constraints on the expansion of organic agriculture;(6) conducting advanced on-farm research and development that emphasizes observation of, experimentation with, and innovation for working organic farms, including research relating to production, marketing, food safety, socioeconomic conditions, and farm business management;(7) examining optimal conservation, soil health, and environmental outcomes relating to organically produced agricultural products; and(8) developing new and improved seed varieties that are particularly suited for organic agriculture.
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The Secretary, acting through the Agricultural Research Service (including the National Agricultural Library) and the Economic Research Service, shall facilitate access by research and extension professionals, farmers, and other interested persons in the United States to, and the use by those persons of, organic research conducted outside the United States.
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(a) In consultation with the Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production Advisory Committee established under section 6923(b) of this title, the Secretary may make competitive grants to support research, education, and extension activities for the purposes of facilitating the development of urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production, harvesting, transportation, aggregation, packaging, distribution, and markets, including by—(1) assessing and developing strategies to remediate contaminated sites;(2) determining and developing the best production management and integrated pest management practices;(3) identifying and promoting the horticultural, social, and economic factors that contribute to successful urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production;(4) analyzing the means by which new agricultural sites are determined, including an evaluation of soil quality, condition of a building, or local community needs;(5) exploring new technologies that minimize energy, lighting systems, water, and other inputs for increased food production;(6) examining building material efficiencies and structural upgrades for the purpose of optimizing growth of agricultural products;(7) developing new crop varieties and agricultural products to connect to new markets; or(8) examining the impacts of crop exposure to urban elements on environmental quality and food safety.
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(a) The Secretary shall prioritize centers of excellence established for purposes of carrying out research, extension, and education activities relating to the food and agricultural sciences (as defined in section 3103 of this title) for the receipt of funding for any competitive research or extension program administered by the Secretary.
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(A) to ensure coordination and cost effectiveness by reducing unnecessarily duplicative efforts regarding research, teaching, and extension;
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(C) to implement teaching initiatives to increase awareness and effectively disseminate solutions to target audiences through extension activities; and
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(B) A center of excellence established under paragraph (1) may carry out research, education, and extension programs that increase access to healthy food, improve nutrition, mitigate preventive disease, and develop strategies to assist limited resource individuals in accessing health and nutrition resources.
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(a) The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, shall establish appropriate extension education programs on Indian reservations and tribal jurisdictions. In establishing these extension programs, the Secretary shall consult with the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Intertribal Agriculture Council, and the Southwest Indian Agriculture Association, and shall make such interagency cooperative agreements or memoranda of understanding as may be necessary. The programs to be developed and delivered on reservations and within tribal jurisdictions shall be determined with the advice and counsel of reservation or tribal program advisory committees.
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(b) Extension agents shall be employees of, and administratively responsible to, the Cooperative Extension Service of the State within which the reservation or tribal jurisdiction is located, and employment and personnel management responsibilities shall be vested with the State Cooperative Extension Service. In cases where a reservation or tribal jurisdiction is located in two or more States, the Secretary of Agriculture shall make the determination of administrative responsibility, including possible divisions along State boundaries.
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(c) At the request of a State Extension Director, and with the assistance of the tribal authorities, the Secretary of Agriculture may form an advisory committee to give overall policy and program advice to that State Extension Director with regard to programs conducted on reservations or within tribal jurisdictions. Program advisory committees may be formed to assist extension staff in development and conduct of program activities.
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(d) Insofar as possible, agent and specialist staff shall include individuals representative of the tribal grouping being served. Programs shall emphasize training and employment of local people in positions such as program aides, master gardeners, and volunteers. Staffing at a particular location shall be dependent on the needs and priorities of that location, as identified by the advisory committees and the State Extension Director, and the Director may make use of existing personnel and facilities as appropriate.
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(e) The number of offices and their placement shall be jointly determined by the State Extension Directors and tribal authorities of the respective States by taking into consideration the agricultural acreage within the boundaries of an Indian reservation or tribal jurisdiction, the soil classifications of such acreage, and the population of such reservation or tribal jurisdiction.
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(1) The Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with other appropriate Federal agencies, shall make demonstration grants to support cooperative programs between State Cooperative Extension Service agencies and private nonprofit disability organizations to provide on-the-farm agricultural education and assistance directed at accommodating disability in farm operations for individuals with disabilities who are engaged in farming and farm-related occupations and their families.
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(C) involve community and health care professionals, including Extension Service agents and others, in the early identification of farm and rural families that are in need of services related to the disability of an individual;
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(4) Grants shall be awarded under this subsection directly to State Extension Service agencies to enable them to enter into contracts, on a multiyear basis, with private nonprofit community-based direct service organizations to initiate, expand, or sustain cooperative programs described under paragraphs (2) and (3).
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(C) identify unmet and emerging agricultural research needs after reviewing the roadmap for agricultural research, education, and extension authorized by section 7614a of this title;
Citations to §5801(b)(6)
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(a) The Secretary shall conduct research and extension projects to obtain data, develop conclusions, demonstrate technologies, and conduct educational programs that promote the purposes of this part, including research and extension projects that—(1) facilitate and increase scientific investigation and education in order to—(A) reduce, to the extent feasible and practicable, the use of chemical pesticides, fertilizers, and toxic natural materials in agricultural production;(B) improve low-input farm management to enhance agricultural productivity, profitability, and competitiveness; and(C) promote crop, livestock, and enterprise diversification; and(2) facilitate the conduct of projects in order to—(A) study, to the extent practicable, agricultural production systems that are located in areas that possess various soil, climate, and physical characteristics;(B) study farms that have been, and will continue to be, managed using farm production practices that rely on low-input and conservation practices;(C) take advantage of the experience and expertise of farmers and ranchers through their direct participation and leadership in projects;(D) transfer practical, reliable and timely information to farmers and ranchers concerning low-input sustainable farming practices and systems; and(E) promote a partnership between farmers, nonprofit organizations, agribusiness, and public and private research and extension institutions.
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(b) The Secretary shall carry out this section through agreements entered into with land-grant colleges or universities, other universities, State agricultural experiment stations, the State cooperative extension services, nonprofit organizations with demonstrable expertise, or Federal or State governmental entities.
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(1) The Secretary shall select research and extension projects to be conducted under this section on the basis of—(A) the relevance of the project to the purposes of this part;(B) the appropriateness of the design of the project;(C) the likelihood of obtaining the objectives of the project; and(D) the national or regional applicability of the findings and outcomes of the proposed project.
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(2) In conducting projects under this section, the Secretary shall give priority to projects that—(A) closely coordinate research and extension activities;(B) indicate the manner in which the findings of the project will be made readily usable by farmers;(C) maximize the involvement and cooperation of farmers, including projects involving on-farm research and demonstration;(D) involve a multidisciplinary systems approach; and(E) involve cooperation between farms, non-profit organizations, colleges and universities, and government agencies.
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(d) The Secretary shall conduct projects and studies under this section in areas that are broadly representative of the diversity of United States agricultural production, including production on family farms, mixed-crop livestock farms and dairy operations.
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(e) The Secretary may conduct projects and activities that involve on-farm research and demonstration in carrying out this section.
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(f) The Secretary may approve study projects concerning the national and regional economic, global competitiveness, social and environmental implications of the adoption of low-input sustainable agricultural practices and systems.
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(1) The Secretary may approve projects to be conducted under this section that have a duration of more than one fiscal year.
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(2) In the case of a research project conducted under this section that involves the planting of a sequence of crops or crop rotations, the Secretary shall approve such projects for a term that is appropriate to the sequence or rotation being studied.
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(h) The Secretary shall ensure that research projects conducted under this section are open for public observation at specified times.
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(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary may indemnify the operator of a project conducted under this section for damage incurred or undue losses sustained as a result of a rigid requirement of research or demonstration under such project that is not experienced in normal farming operations.
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(a) The Secretary shall—(1) administer the programs and projects conducted under sections 5811 and 5813 of this title through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and other appropriate agencies;(2) establish a minimum of four Regional Administrative Councils in accordance with subsection (b); and(3) in conjunction with such Regional Administrative Councils, identify regional host institutions required to carry out such programs or projects.
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(1) States that elect to apply for a grant under this section shall prepare and submit, to the appropriate Regional Administrative Council established under section 5812 of this title, a State plan and schedule for approval by such council and the Secretary.
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(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary shall provide grants to eligible States in an amount not to exceed 50 percent of the cost of the establishment or enhancement of a State sustainable agriculture program under a plan approved by the Secretary under subsection (c) for a period not to exceed 5 years.
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(a) The Secretary shall establish a research and education program concerning integrated resource management and integrated crop management in order to enhance research related to farming operations, practices, and systems that optimize crop and livestock production potential and are environmentally sound. The purpose of the program shall be—(1) to encourage producers to adopt integrated crop and livestock management practices and systems that minimize or abate adverse environmental impacts, reduce soil erosion and loss of water and nutrients, enhance the efficient use of on-farm and off-farm inputs, and maintain or increase profitability and long-term productivity;(2) to develop knowledge and information on integrated crop and livestock management systems and practices to assist agricultural producers in the adoption of these systems and practices;(3) to accumulate and analyze information on agricultural production practices researched or developed under programs established under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate programs of the Department of Agriculture to further the development of integrated crop and livestock management systems;(4) to facilitate the adoption of whole-farm integrated crop and livestock management systems through demonstration projects on individual farms, including small and limited resource farms, throughout the United States; and(5) to evaluate and recommend appropriate integrated crop and livestock management policies and programs.
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(b) The Secretary shall encourage agricultural producers to adopt and develop individual, site-specific integrated crop management practices. On a priority basis, the Secretary shall develop and disseminate information on integrated crop management systems for agricultural producers in specific localities or crop producing regions where the Secretary determines—(1) water quality is impaired as a result of local or regional agricultural production practices; or(2) the adoption of such practices may aid in the recovery of endangered or threatened species.
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(c) The Secretary shall, on a priority basis, develop programs to encourage livestock producers to develop and adopt individual, site-specific integrated resource management practices. These programs shall be designed to benefit producers and consumers through—(1) optimum use of available resources and improved production and financial efficiency for producers;(2) identifying and prioritizing the research and educational needs of the livestock industry relating to production and financial efficiency, competitiveness, environmental stability, and food safety; and(3) utilizing an interdisciplinary approach.
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(a) Not later than two years after November 28, 1990, the Secretary shall develop and make available handbooks and technical guides, and any other educational materials that are appropriate for describing sustainable agriculture production systems and practices, as researched and developed under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate research programs of the Department.
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(b) The Secretary shall develop the handbooks, technical guides, and educational materials in consultation with the Natural Resources Conservation Service and any other appropriate entities designated by the Secretary. The Secretary shall coordinate activities conducted under this section with those conducted under section 3861 of title 16.
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(e) The Secretary shall ensure that handbooks and technical guides, and other educational materials are made available to the agricultural community and the public through colleges and universities, the State Cooperative Extension Service, the Soil Conservation Service, other State and Federal agencies, and any other appropriate entities.
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(a) The Secretary shall establish a National Training Program in Sustainable Agriculture to provide education and training for Cooperative Extension Service agents and other professionals involved in the education and transfer of technical information concerning sustainable agriculture in order to develop their understanding, competence, and ability to teach and communicate the concepts of sustainable agriculture to Cooperative Extension Service agents and to farmers and urban residents who need information on sustainable agriculture.
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(b) The National Training Program shall be organized and administered by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, in coordination with other appropriate Federal agencies. The Secretary shall designate an individual from the Cooperative Extension Service in each State to coordinate the National Training Program within that State. The coordinators shall be responsible, in cooperation with appropriate Federal and State agencies, for developing and implementing a statewide training program for appropriate field office personnel.
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(1) The Secretary shall ensure that all agricultural agents of the Cooperative Extension Service have completed the National Training Program not later than the end of the five-year period beginning on November 28, 1990. Such training may occur at a college or university located within each State as designated by the coordinator designated under this section.
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(2) Beginning three years after November 28, 1990, the Secretary shall ensure that all new Cooperative Extension Service agents employed by such Service are able to demonstrate, not later than 18 months after the employment of such agents, that such agents have completed the training program established in subsection (a).
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(1) The Secretary shall designate not less than two regional training centers to coordinate and administer educational activities in sustainable agriculture as provided for in this section.
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(4) Such centers should be administered by entities that have a demonstrated capability relating to sustainable agriculture. The Secretary should consider utilizing existing entities with expertise in sustainable agriculture to assist in the design and implementation of the training program under paragraph (2).
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(1) The Secretary shall establish a competitive grants program to award grants to organizations, including land-grant colleges and universities, to carry out sustainable agricultural training for county agents and other individuals that need basic information concerning sustainable agriculture practices.
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(h) For purposes of this section, the term “appropriate field office personnel” includes employees of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, and other appropriate Department of Agriculture personnel, as determined by the Secretary, whose activities involve the provision of agricultural production and conservation information to agricultural producers.
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(1) provide for the collection, classification, preservation, and dissemination of genetic material of importance to the food and agriculture sectors of the United States;(2) conduct research on the genetic materials collected and on methods for storage and preservation of those materials;(3) coordinate the activities of the program with similar activities occurring domestically;(4) unless otherwise prohibited by law, have the right to make available on request, without charge and without regard to the country from which the request originates, the genetic material that the program assembles;(5) expand the types of genetic resources included in the program to develop a comprehensive genetic resources program which includes plants (including silvicultural species), animal, aquatic, insect, microbiological, and other types of genetic resources of importance to food and agriculture, as resources permit;(6) develop and implement a national strategic germplasm and cultivar collection assessment and utilization plan that takes into consideration the resources and research necessary to address the significant backlog of characterization and maintenance of existing accessions considered to be critical to preserve the viability of, and public access to, germplasm and cultivars; and
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(a) There shall be at the head of the program an official to be known as the Director of the National Genetic Resources Program who shall be appointed by the Secretary. The Director shall perform such duties as are assigned to the Director by this subchapter and such other duties as the Secretary may prescribe.
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(1) shall be responsible for the overall direction of the program and for the establishment and implementation of general policies respecting the management and operation of activities within the program;(2) may secure for the program consultation services and advice of persons from the United States and abroad;(3) may accept voluntary and uncompensated services; and(4) may perform such other administrative functions as the Secretary determines are needed to effectively carry out this subchapter.
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(4) may perform such other administrative functions as the Secretary determines are needed to effectively carry out this subchapter.
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(d) The Director shall prepare and transmit to the Secretary and to the Congress a biennial report containing—(1) a description of the activities carried out by and through the program and the policies of the program, and such recommendations respecting such activities and policies as the Director considers to be appropriate;(2) a description of the necessity for, and progress achieved toward providing, additional programs and activities designed to include the range of genetic resources described in section 5841(d)(5) of this title in the activities of the program; and(3) an assessment of events and activities occurring internationally as they relate to the activities and policies of the program.
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(e) Not later than one year after November 28, 1990, the Director shall transmit to the Secretary and to the Congress a report—(1) describing the projected needs over a 10-year period in each of the areas of genetic resources described in section 5841(d)(5) of this title, including the identification of existing components of a comprehensive program, policies and activities needed to coordinate those components, and additional elements not in existence which are required for the development of a comprehensive genetic resources program as described in such section;(2) assessing the international efforts and activities related to the program, and their effect upon and coordination with the program; and(3) evaluating the potential effect of various national laws, including national quarantine requirements, as well as treaties, agreements, and the activities of international organizations on the development of a comprehensive international system for the collection and maintenance of genetic resources of importance to agriculture.
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(f) On completion of the development of the plan described in section 5841(d)(6) of this title, the Secretary shall make the plan available to the public.
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(2) The advisory council shall consist of ex officio members and not more than 13 members appointed by the Secretary.
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(2) The Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for Science and Education.
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(6) The Secretary of Energy.
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(8) Such additional officers and employees of the United States as the Secretary determines are necessary for the advisory council to effectively carry out its functions.
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(c) The members of the advisory council who are not ex officio members shall be appointed by the Secretary as follows:(1) 6 of the members shall be appointed from among the leading representatives of the scientific disciplines relevant to the activities of the program, including agricultural sciences, economics and policy, environmental sciences, natural resource sciences, health sciences, and nutritional sciences.(2) 3 of the members shall be appointed from the general public and shall include leaders in fields of public policy, community development, trade, international development, law, or management.(3) 4 of the members shall be appointed from among individuals with expertise in public cultivar and animal breed development.(4) 4 of the members shall be appointed from among individuals representing—(A) 1862 Institutions (as defined in section 7601 of this title);(B) 1890 Institutions (as defined in section 7601 of this title);(C) Hispanic-serving institutions (as defined in section 3103 of this title); or(D) 1994 Institutions (as defined in section 532 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 103–382)).
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(2) The Secretary shall make appointments to the advisory council so as to ensure that the terms of the members appointed under subsection (c) do not all expire in the same year. A member may serve after the expiration of the member’s term until a successor takes office.
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(4) If a vacancy occurs in the advisory council among the members appointed under subsection (c), the Secretary shall make an appointment to fill such vacancy within 90 days after the date such vacancy occurs.
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(f) The Secretary shall select as the chair of the advisory council one of the members appointed under subsection (c). The term of office of the chair shall be two years.
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(1) The Secretary of Agriculture shall establish in the Department of Agriculture an Agricultural Weather Office to plan and administer the National Agricultural Weather Information System. The system shall be comprised of the office established under this section and the activities of the State agricultural weather information systems described in section 5854 of this title.
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(b) The Secretary, acting through the Office, may undertake the following activities to carry out this subchapter:(1) Enter into cooperative projects with the National Weather Service to—(A) support operational weather forecasting and observation useful in agriculture;(B) sponsor joint workshops to train agriculturalists about the optimum utilization of agricultural weather and climate data;(C) jointly develop improved computer models and computing capacity; and(D) enhance the quality and availability of weather and climate information needed by agriculturalists.(2) Obtain standardized weather observation data collected in near real time through State agricultural weather information systems.(3) Make, through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, competitive grants under subsection (c) for research in atmospheric sciences and climatology.(4) Make grants to eligible States under section 5854 of this title to plan and administer State agricultural weather information systems.(5) Coordinate the activities of the Office with the weather and climate research activities of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the National Academy of Sciences, the National Science Foundation Atmospheric Services Program, and the National Climate Program.(6) Encourage private sector participation in the National Agricultural Weather Information System through mutually beneficial cooperation with the private sector, particularly in generating weather and climatic data useful for site-specific agricultural weather forecasting.
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(1) With funds allocated to carry out this subsection, the Secretary of Agriculture may make grants to State agricultural experiment stations, all colleges and universities, other research institutions and organizations, Federal agencies, private organizations and corporations, and individuals to carry out research in all aspects of atmospheric sciences and climatology that can be shown to be important in both a basic and developmental way to understanding, forecasting, and delivering agricultural weather information.
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(d) In selecting among applications for grants under subsection (c), the Secretary shall give priority to proposals which emphasize—(1) techniques and processes that relate to weather-induced agricultural losses, and to improving the advisory information on weather extremes such as drought, floods, freezes, and storms well in advance of their actual occurrence;(2) the improvement of site-specific weather data collection and forecasting; or(3) the impact of weather on economic and environmental costs in agricultural production.
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(c) To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, the chief executive officer of a State shall submit to the Secretary an application that contains—(1) assurances that the State will expend such grant to plan and administer a State agricultural weather system that will—(A) collect observational weather data throughout the State and provide such data to the National Weather Service and the Agricultural Weather Office;(B) develop methods for packaging information received from the national system for use by agricultural producers (with State Cooperative Extension Services and the private sector to serve as the primary conduit of agricultural weather forecasts and climatic information to producers); and(C) develop programs to educate agricultural producers on how to best use weather and climate information to improve management decisions; and(2) such other assurances and information as the Secretary may require by rule.
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(2) such other assurances and information as the Secretary may require by rule.
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(b) To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall utilize a consistent source or sources of data for programs that are based on drought or precipitation indices, such as the livestock forage disaster program established under section 9081(c) of this title or policies or plans of insurance established under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.).
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(c) Not later than 1 year after December 20, 2018, the Secretary shall conduct a review of—(1) the types of data currently utilized by the United States Drought Monitor;(2) the geographic coverage and density of existing data collection sites; and(3) other meteorological or climatological data that is being collected by other Federal agencies, State and local governments, and non-Federal entities that could be utilized by the United States Drought Monitor.
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(1) Upon the completion of the review prescribed in subsection (c), the Secretary shall—(A) seek to expand the collection of relevant data in States or geographic areas where coverage is currently lacking as compared to other States or geographic areas; and(B) to the maximum extent practicable, develop standards to allow the integration of meteorological or climatological data into the United States Drought Monitor derived from—(i) in-situ soil moisture profile measuring devices;(ii) citizen science (as defined in the Crowdsourcing and Citizen Science Act (15 U.S.C. 3724)), including data from the Cooperative Observer Program of the National Weather Service; and(iii) other Federal agencies, State and local governments, and non-Federal entities.
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(2) There is to be authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
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(b) The Secretary of Agriculture shall establish a grant program within the National Institute of Food and Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service to provide the necessary funding for environmental assessment research concerning the introduction of genetically engineered animals, plants, and microorganisms into the environment.
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(f) The Secretary of Agriculture shall coordinate research funded under this section with the Office of Research and Development of the Environmental Protection Agency in order to avoid duplication of research activities.
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(2) The Secretary of Agriculture shall withhold from outlays of the Department of Agriculture for research on biotechnology, as defined and determined by the Secretary, at least 2 percent of such amount for the purpose of making grants under this section for research on biotechnology risk assessment.
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(b) The Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”) shall conduct a research initiative, to be known as the “Agricultural Genome to Phenome Initiative”, for the purpose of—(1) studying agriculturally significant crops and animals in production environments to achieve sustainable and secure agricultural production;(2) ensuring that current gaps in existing knowledge of agricultural crop and animal genetics and phenomics are filled;(3) identifying and developing a functional understanding of relevant genes from animals and agronomically relevant genes from crops that are of importance to the agriculture sector of the United States;(4) ensuring future genetic improvement of crops and animals of importance to the agriculture sector of the United States;(5) studying the relevance of diverse germplasm as a source of unique genes that may be of importance in the future;(6) enhancing genetics to reduce the economic impact of pathogens on crops and animals of importance to the agriculture sector of the United States;(7) disseminating findings to relevant audiences; and(8) otherwise carrying out this section.
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(1) The Secretary, acting through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, may make grants or enter into cooperative agreements with individuals and organizations in accordance with section 3318 of this title.
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(3) The Secretary shall encourage awards under this section to consortia of eligible entities.
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(e) The Secretary may use funds made available under this section to consult with the National Academy of Sciences regarding the administration of the Agricultural Genome to Phenome Initiative.
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(3) The Secretary may waive the matching funds requirement under paragraph (1) with respect to a research project if the Secretary determines that—(A) the results of the project are of a particular benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, but those results are likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or(i) the project—(I) involves a minor commodity; and(II) deals with scientifically important research; and(ii) the recipient is unable to satisfy the matching funds requirement.
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(C) The Secretary may waive the matching funds requirement under subparagraph (A) with respect to a research project if the Secretary determines that—(i) the results of the project are of a particular benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, but those results are likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or(I) the project—(aa) involves a minor commodity; and(bb) deals with scientifically important research; and(II) the recipient is unable to satisfy the matching funds requirement.
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(2) To facilitate the making of research and extension grants under this section in the research and extension areas specified in subsections (d) through (g), the Secretary may appoint a task force for each such area to make recommendations to the Secretary. The Secretary may not incur costs in excess of $1,000 for any fiscal year in connection with each task force established under this paragraph.
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(c) Following the completion of a peer review process for grant proposals received under this section, the Secretary shall provide a priority to those grant proposals, found in the peer review process to be scientifically meritorious, that involve the cooperation of multiple entities.
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(7) Research and extension grants may be made under this section to increase participation by women and underrepresented minorities from rural areas in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, with priority given to eligible institutions that carry out continuing programs funded by the Secretary.
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(B) In awarding grants under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall give priority to research examining the impact of the source, rate, timing, and placement of plant nutrients.
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(2) The Secretary shall carry out a pulse crop health competitive research and extension initiative to address the critical needs of the pulse crop industry by developing and disseminating science-based tools and information, including—(A) research conducted with respect to pulse crops in the areas of health and nutrition, such as—(i) pulse crop diets and the ability of such diets to reduce obesity and associated chronic disease; and(ii) the underlying mechanisms of the health benefits of pulse crop consumption;(B) research related to the functionality of pulse crops, such as—(i) improving the functional properties of pulse crops and pulse crop fractions; and(ii) developing new and innovative technologies to improve pulse crops as an ingredient in food products;(C) research conducted with respect to pulse crops for purposes of enhancing sustainability and global food security, such as—(i) improving pulse crop productivity, nutrient density, and phytonutrient content using plant breeding, genetics, and genomics;(ii) improving pest and disease management, including resistance to pests and diseases; and(iii) improving nitrogen fixation and water use efficiency to reduce the carbon and energy footprint of agriculture;(D) the optimization of systems used in producing pulse crops to reduce water usage; and(i) providing technical expertise to help food companies include pulse crops in innovative and healthy food; and(ii) establishing an educational program to encourage pulse crop consumption in the United States.
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(4) In making competitive grants under this subsection, the Secretary shall provide a higher priority to projects that—(A) are multistate, multiinstitutional, and multidisciplinary; and(B) include explicit mechanisms to communicate results to the pulse crop industry and the public.
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(1) The Secretary shall make a competitive grant to, or enter into a contract or a cooperative agreement with, an eligible entity (described in paragraph (2)) for purposes of establishing an internationally integrated training system to enhance the protection of the food supply in the United States, to be known as the “Comprehensive Food Safety Training Network” (referred to in this subsection as the “Network”).
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(B) The Secretary may consider such consortium collectively and not on an institution-by-institution basis.
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(3) As a condition of receiving a competitive grant or entering into a contract or a cooperative agreement with the Secretary under this subsection, the eligible entity, in cooperation with the Secretary, shall establish and maintain the Network, including by—(A) providing basic, technical, management, and leadership training (including by developing curricula) to regulatory and public health officials, producers, processors, and other agribusinesses;(B) serving as the hub for the administration of the Network;(C) implementing a standardized national curriculum to ensure the consistent delivery of quality training throughout the United States;(D) building and overseeing a nationally recognized instructor cadre to ensure the availability of highly qualified instructors;(E) reviewing training proposed through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture and other relevant Federal agencies that report to the Secretary on the quality and content of proposed and existing courses;(F) assisting Federal agencies in the implementation of food safety protection training requirements including requirements under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), the Agricultural Act of 2014, and any provision of law amended by such Act; and(G) performing evaluation and outcome-based studies to provide to the Secretary information on the effectiveness and impact of training and metrics on jurisdictions and sectors within the food safety system.
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(E) reviewing training proposed through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture and other relevant Federal agencies that report to the Secretary on the quality and content of proposed and existing courses;
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(G) performing evaluation and outcome-based studies to provide to the Secretary information on the effectiveness and impact of training and metrics on jurisdictions and sectors within the food safety system.
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(A) The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, increase the capacity and infrastructure of the Department—(i) to address colony collapse disorder and other long-term threats to pollinator health, including the hiring of additional personnel; and(ii) to conduct research on colony collapse disorder and other pollinator issues at the facilities of the Department.
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(5) The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, shall publish guidance on enhancing pollinator health and the long-term viability of populations of pollinators, including recommendations related to—(A) allowing for managed honey bees to forage on National Forest System lands where compatible with other natural resource management priorities; and(B) planting and maintaining managed honey bee and native pollinator foraging on National Forest System lands where compatible with other natural resource management priorities.
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(6) The Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate an annual report—(A) describing the progress made by the Department of Agriculture in—(i) investigating the cause or causes of honey bee colony collapse and honey bee health disorders;(ii) finding appropriate strategies, including best management practices1 to reduce colony loss; and(iii) addressing the decline of managed honey bees and native pollinators;(B) assessing Federal efforts to mitigate pollinator losses and threats to the United States commercial beekeeping industry; and(C) providing recommendations to Congress regarding how to better coordinate Federal agency efforts to address the decline of managed honey bees and native pollinators.
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(a) In consultation with the National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board, using funds made available under subsection (e), the Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”) may make competitive grants in each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023 to support research, education, and extension activities regarding organically grown and processed agricultural commodities for the purposes of—(1) facilitating the development and improvement of organic agriculture production, breeding, and processing methods;(2) evaluating the potential economic benefits of organic agricultural production and methods to producers, processors, and rural communities;(3) exploring international trade opportunities for organically grown and processed agricultural commodities;(4) determining desirable traits for organic commodities;(5) identifying marketing and policy constraints on the expansion of organic agriculture;(6) conducting advanced on-farm research and development that emphasizes observation of, experimentation with, and innovation for working organic farms, including research relating to production, marketing, food safety, socioeconomic conditions, and farm business management;(7) examining optimal conservation, soil health, and environmental outcomes relating to organically produced agricultural products; and(8) developing new and improved seed varieties that are particularly suited for organic agriculture.
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(3) The Secretary may waive the matching funds requirement under paragraph (1) with respect to a research project if the Secretary determines that—(A) the results of the project are of a particular benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, but those results are likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or(i) the project—(I) involves a minor commodity; and(II) deals with scientifically important research; and(ii) the recipient is unable to satisfy the matching funds requirement.
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(d) Following the completion of a peer review process for grant proposals received under this section, the Secretary may provide a priority to those grant proposals, found in the peer review process to be scientifically meritorious, that involve the cooperation of multiple entities.
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(1) Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall make available to carry out this section—(A) $18,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;(B) $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2010 through 2012;(C) $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2018; and1(D) $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2020;(E) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;(F) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and(G) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023 and each fiscal year thereafter.
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(a) The Secretary shall collect and report data on the production and marketing of organic agricultural products.
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(b) In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall, at a minimum—(1) collect and distribute comprehensive reporting of prices relating to organically produced agricultural products;(2) conduct surveys and analysis and publish reports relating to organic production, handling, distribution, retail, and trend studies (including consumer purchasing patterns); and(3) develop surveys and report statistical analysis on organically produced agricultural products.
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(c) Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subsection and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that—(1) describes the progress that has been made in implementing this section;(2) describes how data collection agencies (such as the Agricultural Marketing Service and the National Agricultural Statistics Service) are coordinating with data user agencies (such as the Risk Management Agency) to ensure that data collected under this section can be used by data user agencies, including by the Risk Management Agency to offer price elections for all organic crops; and(3) identifies any additional production and marketing data needs.
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(1) Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section, to remain available until expended—(A) $5,000,000 for each of the periods of fiscal years 2008 through 2012 and 2014 through 2018;(B) $5,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023;(C) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and(D) $10,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2026 through 2031.
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The Secretary, acting through the Agricultural Research Service (including the National Agricultural Library) and the Economic Research Service, shall facilitate access by research and extension professionals, farmers, and other interested persons in the United States to, and the use by those persons of, organic research conducted outside the United States.
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(b) In allocating funds made available to carry out this section, the Secretary may give priority to grants that—(1) demonstrate an ability to work directly with agricultural producers;(2) collaborate with farm management educational programs and associations;(3) address the farm management needs of a variety of crops and regions of the United States; and(4) contribute data to the national farm financial management database.
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(a) In consultation with the Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production Advisory Committee established under section 6923(b) of this title, the Secretary may make competitive grants to support research, education, and extension activities for the purposes of facilitating the development of urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production, harvesting, transportation, aggregation, packaging, distribution, and markets, including by—(1) assessing and developing strategies to remediate contaminated sites;(2) determining and developing the best production management and integrated pest management practices;(3) identifying and promoting the horticultural, social, and economic factors that contribute to successful urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production;(4) analyzing the means by which new agricultural sites are determined, including an evaluation of soil quality, condition of a building, or local community needs;(5) exploring new technologies that minimize energy, lighting systems, water, and other inputs for increased food production;(6) examining building material efficiencies and structural upgrades for the purpose of optimizing growth of agricultural products;(7) developing new crop varieties and agricultural products to connect to new markets; or(8) examining the impacts of crop exposure to urban elements on environmental quality and food safety.
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(1) Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section—(A) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2019, to remain available until expended; and(B) $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2031.
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(a) The Secretary shall prioritize centers of excellence established for purposes of carrying out research, extension, and education activities relating to the food and agricultural sciences (as defined in section 3103 of this title) for the receipt of funding for any competitive research or extension program administered by the Secretary.
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(1) The Secretary shall recognize not less than 3 centers of excellence, each led by an 1890 Institution (as defined in section 7601 of this title), to focus on 1 or more of the areas described in paragraph (2).
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(4) Not later than 1 year after December 20, 2018, and every year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing—(A) the resources invested in the centers of excellence established under paragraph (1); and(B) the work being done by those centers of excellence.
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(a) The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, shall establish appropriate extension education programs on Indian reservations and tribal jurisdictions. In establishing these extension programs, the Secretary shall consult with the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Intertribal Agriculture Council, and the Southwest Indian Agriculture Association, and shall make such interagency cooperative agreements or memoranda of understanding as may be necessary. The programs to be developed and delivered on reservations and within tribal jurisdictions shall be determined with the advice and counsel of reservation or tribal program advisory committees.
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(b) Extension agents shall be employees of, and administratively responsible to, the Cooperative Extension Service of the State within which the reservation or tribal jurisdiction is located, and employment and personnel management responsibilities shall be vested with the State Cooperative Extension Service. In cases where a reservation or tribal jurisdiction is located in two or more States, the Secretary of Agriculture shall make the determination of administrative responsibility, including possible divisions along State boundaries.
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(c) At the request of a State Extension Director, and with the assistance of the tribal authorities, the Secretary of Agriculture may form an advisory committee to give overall policy and program advice to that State Extension Director with regard to programs conducted on reservations or within tribal jurisdictions. Program advisory committees may be formed to assist extension staff in development and conduct of program activities.
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(f) On a determination by the Secretary of Agriculture that a program carried out under this section has been satisfactorily administered for not less than 2 years, the Secretary shall implement a reduced reapplication process for the continued operation of the program in order to reduce regulatory burdens on participating university and tribal entities.
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(1) The Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with other appropriate Federal agencies, shall make demonstration grants to support cooperative programs between State Cooperative Extension Service agencies and private nonprofit disability organizations to provide on-the-farm agricultural education and assistance directed at accommodating disability in farm operations for individuals with disabilities who are engaged in farming and farm-related occupations and their families.
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(6) For each fiscal year that amounts are made available for grants under this subsection, the Secretary may make grants in a manner that ensures that eligible entities who apply for grants, but have not previously received a grant under this subsection, are given full consideration.
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(b) The Secretary of Agriculture shall award a competitive grant to a national private nonprofit disability organization to enable such organization to provide technical assistance, training, information dissemination and other activities to support community-based direct service programs of on-site rural rehabilitation and assistive technology for individuals (including veterans) with disabilities, and their families, who are engaged in farming or farm-related occupations or, in the case of veterans with disabilities, who are pursuing new farming opportunities.
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(d) Subject to subsection (c)(2), of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2026, to remain available until expended.
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(a) The Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall make competitive grants to eligible entities described in subsection (c) to establish a Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network that provides stress assistance programs to individuals who are engaged in farming, ranching, and other agriculture-related occupations.
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(c) The Secretary may award a grant under this section to—(1) an Indian tribe (as defined in section 5304 of title 25);(2) a State department of agriculture;(4) a qualified nonprofit organization, as determined by the Secretary;
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(4) a qualified nonprofit organization, as determined by the Secretary;
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(d) There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
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(1) Not later than 1 year after December 20, 2018, the Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall submit to Congress and any other relevant Federal department or agency, and make publicly available, a report describing the state of behavioral and mental health of individuals who are engaged in farming, ranching, and other occupations relating to agriculture.
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(v) other appropriate entities, as determined by the Secretary;
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(a) The Secretary shall make grants to State departments of agriculture (or such equivalent department) to expand or sustain stress assistance programs for individuals who are engaged in farming, ranching, and other agriculture-related occupations, including—(1) programs that meet the criteria specified in section 5936(b)(1) of this title; and(2) any State initiatives carried out as of December 27, 2020, that provide stress assistance for such individuals.
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(b) In making grants under subsection (a), not later than 60 days after December 27, 2020, and subject to subsection (c), the Secretary shall—(1) make awards to States submitting State plans that meet the criteria specified in paragraph (1) of such subsection within the time period specified by the Secretary; and(2) of the amounts made available under subsection (f), allocate among such States, an amount to be determined by the Secretary, which in no case may exceed $500,000 for each State.
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(1) make awards to States submitting State plans that meet the criteria specified in paragraph (1) of such subsection within the time period specified by the Secretary; and
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(2) of the amounts made available under subsection (f), allocate among such States, an amount to be determined by the Secretary, which in no case may exceed $500,000 for each State.
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(1) A State department of agriculture seeking a grant under subsection (a) shall submit to the Secretary a State plan to expand or sustain stress assistance programs described in that subsection that includes—(A) a description of each activity and the estimated amount of funding to support each program and activity carried out through such a program;(B) an estimated timeline for the operation of each such program and activity;(C) the total amount of funding sought; and(D) an assurance that the State department of agriculture will comply with the reporting requirement under subsection (e).
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(2) Not later than 20 days after December 27, 2020, the Secretary shall issue guidance for States with respect to the submission of a State plan under paragraph (1) and the allocation criteria under subsection (b).
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(3) If, after the first grants are awarded pursuant to allocation under subsection (b), any funds made available under subsection (f) to carry out this subsection remain unobligated, the Secretary shall—(A) inform States that submit plans as described in subsection (b), of such availability; and
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(d) The Secretary may issue guidance to encourage State departments of agriculture to use funds provided under this section to support programs described in subsection (a) that are operated by—(1) Indian tribes (as defined in section 5304 of title 25);(3) nongovernmental organizations.
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(e) Not later than 180 days after the COVID–19 public health emergency ends, each State receiving additional grants under subsection (b) shall submit a report to the Secretary describing—(1) the activities conducted using such funds;(2) the amount of funds used to support each such activity; and(3) the estimated number of individuals served by each such activity.
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(b) In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordinate research relating to natural products, including—(1) research to improve human health and agricultural productivity through the discovery, development, and commercialization of products and agrichemicals from bioactive natural products, including products from plant, marine, and microbial sources;(2) research to characterize the botanical sources, production, chemistry, and biological properties of plant-derived natural products; and(3) other research priorities identified by the Secretary.
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(3) other research priorities identified by the Secretary.
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(c) The Secretary shall—(1) determine the relevance and merit of research under this section through a system of peer review established by the Secretary pursuant to section 7613 of this title; and(2) approve funding for research on the basis of merit, quality, and relevance to advancing the purposes of this section.
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(1) determine the relevance and merit of research under this section through a system of peer review established by the Secretary pursuant to section 7613 of this title; and
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(1) The Secretary shall establish a nonprofit corporation to be known as the “Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research”.
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(B) in consultation with the Secretary—(i) identify existing and proposed Federal intramural and extramural research and development programs relating to the purposes of the Foundation described in subsection (c); and(ii) coordinate Foundation activities with those programs so as to minimize duplication of existing efforts and to avoid conflicts, specifically at the Department of Agriculture; and(iii) document the consultation process and include a summary of the results in the annual report required in subsection (f)(3)(B)1
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(i) The Secretary.
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(ii) The Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics.
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(3) Not later than 60 days after February 7, 2014, the Secretary shall convene a meeting of the ex-officio members of the Board—(A) to incorporate the Foundation; and(B) to appoint the members of the Board in accordance with paragraph (2)(C)(i).
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(ii) make the audits, and all other records, documents, and other papers of the Foundation, available to the Secretary and the Comptroller General of the United States for examination or audit.
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(i) On February 7, 2014, of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall transfer to the Foundation to carry out this section $200,000,000, to remain available until expended under the conditions described in subparagraph (B).
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(ii) On the date on which the strategic plan described in subsection (f)(3)(B)(iv) is submitted, of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall transfer to the Foundation to carry out this section $185,000,000, to remain available until expended.
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(iii) Not later than 30 days after November 17, 2023, of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall transfer to the Foundation to carry out this section $37,000,000, to remain available until expended.
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(iv) Not later than 30 days after July 4, 2025, of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall transfer to the Foundation to carry out this section $37,000,000, to remain available until expended.
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In order to reduce fertilizer and herbicide usage in excess of production needs, to develop wheat and feed grain varieties more susceptible to complete fertilizer utilization, and to improve the resistance of wheat and feed grain plants to disease and to enhance their conservation and environmental qualities, the Secretary of Agriculture is authorized and directed to carry out regional and national research programs.
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(a) The Secretary of Agriculture may, under rules prescribed by such Secretary, carry out regional and national research programs with regard to rice for the following purposes:(1) to reduce fertilizer and herbicide usage in excess of production needs;(2) to develop varieties of rice more susceptible to complete fertilizer utilization;(3) to improve the resistance of rice plants to disease and to enhance their conservation and environmental qualities;(4) to increase the usage of rice and its processing byproducts;(5) to develop better husbandry practices in production and conservation of rice;(6) to develop more efficient rice storage practices;(7) to improve domestic and international marketing of rice; and(8) to benefit the general welfare.
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(b) The Secretary shall, in implementing the program authorized in subsection (a), utilize the technical and related services of appropriate Federal, State, local governmental, and private agencies, with priority consideration for land grant universities, State experiment stations, and other agricultural institutions of higher learning.
Citations to §5801(b)(7)
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(b) The Secretary shall carry out this section through agreements entered into with land-grant colleges or universities, other universities, State agricultural experiment stations, the State cooperative extension services, nonprofit organizations with demonstrable expertise, or Federal or State governmental entities.
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(J) the State or United States Geological Survey; and
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(b) States eligible to receive a grant under this section may conduct a variety of activities designed to carry out the purpose of this subchapter, including—(1) activities that encourage the incorporation and integration of sustainable agriculture concerns in all State research, extension, and education projects;(2) educational programs for farmers, educators, and the public;(3) the development and funding of innovative research, extension, and education programs regarding sustainable agriculture;(4) the conduct of research and demonstration projects;(5) the provision of technical assistance to farmers and ranchers;(6) activities that encourage farmer-to-farmer information exchanges;(7) the incorporation of sustainable agriculture studies in undergraduate and graduate degree programs; and(8) such other activities that are appropriate to the agricultural concerns of the State that are consistent with the purpose of this part.
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(1) activities that encourage the incorporation and integration of sustainable agriculture concerns in all State research, extension, and education projects;
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(8) such other activities that are appropriate to the agricultural concerns of the State that are consistent with the purpose of this part.
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(1) States that elect to apply for a grant under this section shall prepare and submit, to the appropriate Regional Administrative Council established under section 5812 of this title, a State plan and schedule for approval by such council and the Secretary.
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(2) State plans prepared under paragraph (1) shall provide details of the proposed program to be implemented using funds provided under this section for fiscal years 1991 through 1995, or any 5-year period thereafter, and shall identify the sources of matching State funds for the same fiscal year.
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(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary shall provide grants to eligible States in an amount not to exceed 50 percent of the cost of the establishment or enhancement of a State sustainable agriculture program under a plan approved by the Secretary under subsection (c) for a period not to exceed 5 years.
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(2) To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, a State shall agree to pay, from State appropriated funds, other State revenue, or from private contributions received by the State, not less than 50 percent of the cost of the establishment or enhancement of the sustainable agriculture program under an approved plan under subsection (c).
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(e) The Secretary shall ensure that handbooks and technical guides, and other educational materials are made available to the agricultural community and the public through colleges and universities, the State Cooperative Extension Service, the Soil Conservation Service, other State and Federal agencies, and any other appropriate entities.
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(b) The National Training Program shall be organized and administered by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, in coordination with other appropriate Federal agencies. The Secretary shall designate an individual from the Cooperative Extension Service in each State to coordinate the National Training Program within that State. The coordinators shall be responsible, in cooperation with appropriate Federal and State agencies, for developing and implementing a statewide training program for appropriate field office personnel.
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(1) The Secretary shall ensure that all agricultural agents of the Cooperative Extension Service have completed the National Training Program not later than the end of the five-year period beginning on November 28, 1990. Such training may occur at a college or university located within each State as designated by the coordinator designated under this section.
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(f) To assist county agents and farmers implement production practices developed under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate research programs of the Department, regional sustainable agriculture specialists may be designated within each State who shall report to the State coordinator of that State. The specialists shall be responsible for developing and coordinating local dissemination of sustainable agriculture information in a manner that is useful to farmers in the region.
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(g) The Cooperative Extension Service within each State shall transfer information developed under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate research programs of the Department through a program that shall—(1) assist in developing farmer-to-farmer information exchange networks to enable farmers making transitions to more sustainable farming systems to share ideas and draw on the experiences of other farmers;(2) help coordinate and publicize a regular series of sustainable agriculture farm tours and field days within each State;(3) plan for extension programming, including extensive farmer input and feedback, in the design of new and ongoing research endeavors related to sustainable agriculture;(4) provide technical assistance to individual farmers in the design and implementation of farm management plans and strategies for making a transition to more sustainable agricultural systems;(5) consult and work closely with the Soil Conservation Service and the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service in carrying out the information, technical assistance, and related programs;(6) develop, coordinate, and direct special education and outreach programs in areas highly susceptible to groundwater contamination, linking sustainable agriculture information with water quality improvement information;(7) develop information sources relating to crop diversification, alternative crops, on-farm food or commodity processing, and on-farm energy generation;(8) establish a well-water testing program designed to provide those persons dependent upon underground drinking water supplies with an understanding of the need for regular water testing, information on sources of testing, and an understanding of how to interpret test results and provide for the protection of underground water supplies;(9) provide specific information on water quality practices developed through the research programs in chapter 86 of this title;1(10) provide specific information on nutrient management practices developed through the research programs in chapter 86 of this title;1 and(11) provide information concerning whole-farm management systems integrating research results under this subchapter, chapter 86 of this title,1 and other appropriate research programs of the Department.
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(2) help coordinate and publicize a regular series of sustainable agriculture farm tours and field days within each State;
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(i) the state of public cultivar development, including—(I) an analysis of existing cultivar research investments;(II) the research gaps relating to the development of cultivars across a diverse range of crops; and(III) an assessment of the state of commercialization of federally funded cultivars;
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(III) an assessment of the state of commercialization of federally funded cultivars;
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(1) The Secretary of Agriculture shall establish in the Department of Agriculture an Agricultural Weather Office to plan and administer the National Agricultural Weather Information System. The system shall be comprised of the office established under this section and the activities of the State agricultural weather information systems described in section 5854 of this title.
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(2) Obtain standardized weather observation data collected in near real time through State agricultural weather information systems.
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(4) Make grants to eligible States under section 5854 of this title to plan and administer State agricultural weather information systems.
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(2) The persons referred to in paragraph (1) are the Director of the Agricultural Weather Office, the Director of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and other persons as appropriate (such as the directors of the appropriate State agricultural experiment stations and State extension programs).
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(c) To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, the chief executive officer of a State shall submit to the Secretary an application that contains—(1) assurances that the State will expend such grant to plan and administer a State agricultural weather system that will—(A) collect observational weather data throughout the State and provide such data to the National Weather Service and the Agricultural Weather Office;(B) develop methods for packaging information received from the national system for use by agricultural producers (with State Cooperative Extension Services and the private sector to serve as the primary conduit of agricultural weather forecasts and climatic information to producers); and(C) develop programs to educate agricultural producers on how to best use weather and climate information to improve management decisions; and(2) such other assurances and information as the Secretary may require by rule.
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(1) assurances that the State will expend such grant to plan and administer a State agricultural weather system that will—(A) collect observational weather data throughout the State and provide such data to the National Weather Service and the Agricultural Weather Office;(B) develop methods for packaging information received from the national system for use by agricultural producers (with State Cooperative Extension Services and the private sector to serve as the primary conduit of agricultural weather forecasts and climatic information to producers); and(C) develop programs to educate agricultural producers on how to best use weather and climate information to improve management decisions; and
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(A) collect observational weather data throughout the State and provide such data to the National Weather Service and the Agricultural Weather Office;
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(3) Not less than 25 percent and not more than 35 percent of such funds shall be divided equally between the participating States selected for that fiscal year under section 5854 of this title.
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(b) Funds provided under the authority of this subchapter shall not be used for the construction of facilities. Each State or agency receiving funds shall not use more than 30 percent of such funds for equipment purchases. Any use of the funds in facilitating the distribution of agricultural and climate information to producers shall be done with consideration for the role that the private meteorological sector can play in such information delivery.
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(3) other meteorological or climatological data that is being collected by other Federal agencies, State and local governments, and non-Federal entities that could be utilized by the United States Drought Monitor.
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(iii) other Federal agencies, State and local governments, and non-Federal entities.
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(iii) documents the prevalence of major pests, such as varroa destructor (commonly referred to as the varroa mite), and diseases that are transported between States through practices involving managed pollinators;
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(2) States or regions with a high concentration of or significant interest in urban farms, rooftop farms, and indoor production facilities.
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(b) Extension agents shall be employees of, and administratively responsible to, the Cooperative Extension Service of the State within which the reservation or tribal jurisdiction is located, and employment and personnel management responsibilities shall be vested with the State Cooperative Extension Service. In cases where a reservation or tribal jurisdiction is located in two or more States, the Secretary of Agriculture shall make the determination of administrative responsibility, including possible divisions along State boundaries.
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(c) At the request of a State Extension Director, and with the assistance of the tribal authorities, the Secretary of Agriculture may form an advisory committee to give overall policy and program advice to that State Extension Director with regard to programs conducted on reservations or within tribal jurisdictions. Program advisory committees may be formed to assist extension staff in development and conduct of program activities.
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(d) Insofar as possible, agent and specialist staff shall include individuals representative of the tribal grouping being served. Programs shall emphasize training and employment of local people in positions such as program aides, master gardeners, and volunteers. Staffing at a particular location shall be dependent on the needs and priorities of that location, as identified by the advisory committees and the State Extension Director, and the Director may make use of existing personnel and facilities as appropriate.
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(e) The number of offices and their placement shall be jointly determined by the State Extension Directors and tribal authorities of the respective States by taking into consideration the agricultural acreage within the boundaries of an Indian reservation or tribal jurisdiction, the soil classifications of such acreage, and the population of such reservation or tribal jurisdiction.
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(1) The Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with other appropriate Federal agencies, shall make demonstration grants to support cooperative programs between State Cooperative Extension Service agencies and private nonprofit disability organizations to provide on-the-farm agricultural education and assistance directed at accommodating disability in farm operations for individuals with disabilities who are engaged in farming and farm-related occupations and their families.
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(4) Grants shall be awarded under this subsection directly to State Extension Service agencies to enable them to enter into contracts, on a multiyear basis, with private nonprofit community-based direct service organizations to initiate, expand, or sustain cooperative programs described under paragraphs (2) and (3).
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(1) Not later than 1 year after December 20, 2018, the Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall submit to Congress and any other relevant Federal department or agency, and make publicly available, a report describing the state of behavioral and mental health of individuals who are engaged in farming, ranching, and other occupations relating to agriculture.
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(i) the Federal Government, States, and units of local government;
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(f) For purposes of this section, the term “State” has the meaning given such term in section 3103 of this title.
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(2) any State initiatives carried out as of December 27, 2020, that provide stress assistance for such individuals.
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(1) make awards to States submitting State plans that meet the criteria specified in paragraph (1) of such subsection within the time period specified by the Secretary; and
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(2) of the amounts made available under subsection (f), allocate among such States, an amount to be determined by the Secretary, which in no case may exceed $500,000 for each State.
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(1) A State department of agriculture seeking a grant under subsection (a) shall submit to the Secretary a State plan to expand or sustain stress assistance programs described in that subsection that includes—(A) a description of each activity and the estimated amount of funding to support each program and activity carried out through such a program;(B) an estimated timeline for the operation of each such program and activity;(C) the total amount of funding sought; and(D) an assurance that the State department of agriculture will comply with the reporting requirement under subsection (e).
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(2) Not later than 20 days after December 27, 2020, the Secretary shall issue guidance for States with respect to the submission of a State plan under paragraph (1) and the allocation criteria under subsection (b).
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(A) inform States that submit plans as described in subsection (b), of such availability; and
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(e) Not later than 180 days after the COVID–19 public health emergency ends, each State receiving additional grants under subsection (b) shall submit a report to the Secretary describing—(1) the activities conducted using such funds;(2) the amount of funds used to support each such activity; and(3) the estimated number of individuals served by each such activity.
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(1) a State;
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(2) to foster collaboration with agricultural researchers from the Federal Government, State (as defined in section 3103 of this title) governments, institutions of higher education (as defined in section 1001 of title 20), industry, and nonprofit organizations.
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In order to reduce fertilizer and herbicide usage in excess of production needs, to develop wheat and feed grain varieties more susceptible to complete fertilizer utilization, and to improve the resistance of wheat and feed grain plants to disease and to enhance their conservation and environmental qualities, the Secretary of Agriculture is authorized and directed to carry out regional and national research programs.
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(b) The Secretary shall, in implementing the program authorized in subsection (a), utilize the technical and related services of appropriate Federal, State, local governmental, and private agencies, with priority consideration for land grant universities, State experiment stations, and other agricultural institutions of higher learning.
Citations to §5801(b)(8)
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(b) The Secretary shall carry out this section through agreements entered into with land-grant colleges or universities, other universities, State agricultural experiment stations, the State cooperative extension services, nonprofit organizations with demonstrable expertise, or Federal or State governmental entities.
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(5) Such centers shall make use of information generated by the Department of Agriculture and the State agricultural experiment stations, and the practical experience of farmers, especially those cooperating in on-farm demonstrations and research projects, in carrying out the functions of such centers.
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(1) With funds allocated to carry out this subsection, the Secretary of Agriculture may make grants to State agricultural experiment stations, all colleges and universities, other research institutions and organizations, Federal agencies, private organizations and corporations, and individuals to carry out research in all aspects of atmospheric sciences and climatology that can be shown to be important in both a basic and developmental way to understanding, forecasting, and delivering agricultural weather information.
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(2) The persons referred to in paragraph (1) are the Director of the Agricultural Weather Office, the Director of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and other persons as appropriate (such as the directors of the appropriate State agricultural experiment stations and State extension programs).
Citations to §5801(b)(9)
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(E) promote a partnership between farmers, nonprofit organizations, agribusiness, and public and private research and extension institutions.
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(b) The Secretary shall carry out this section through agreements entered into with land-grant colleges or universities, other universities, State agricultural experiment stations, the State cooperative extension services, nonprofit organizations with demonstrable expertise, or Federal or State governmental entities.
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(G) nonprofit organizations with demonstrable expertise;
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(4) a qualified nonprofit organization, as determined by the Secretary;
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(2) to foster collaboration with agricultural researchers from the Federal Government, State (as defined in section 3103 of this title) governments, institutions of higher education (as defined in section 1001 of title 20), industry, and nonprofit organizations.
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(A) award grants to, or enter into contracts, memoranda of understanding, or cooperative agreements with, scientists and entities, which may include agricultural research agencies in the Department, university consortia, public-private partnerships, institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, and industry, to efficiently and effectively advance the goals and priorities of the Foundation;