US Codex
U.S.C.
Notes

§21701. Definitions — Inbound Citations

34 U.S.C. § 21701

Cited by 612 provisions in release 119-102.

Citations to §21701(1)

Citations to §21701(2)

Citations to §21701(3)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 20101(d)(5)(C)
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    (C) Amounts in the antiterrorism emergency reserve established pursuant to subparagraph (A) may be carried over from fiscal year to fiscal year. Notwithstanding subsection (c) and section 619 of the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001 (and any similar limitation on Fund obligations in any future Act, unless the same should expressly refer to this section), any such amounts carried over shall not be subject to any limitation on obligations from amounts deposited to or available in the Fund.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(a)(4)
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    (4) Not more than 5 percent of a grant made under this section may be used for training purposes and the administration of the State crime victim compensation program receiving the grant.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(b)(1)
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    (1) such program is operated by a State and offers compensation to victims and survivors of victims of criminal violence, including drunk driving and domestic violence for—
    (A) medical expenses attributable to a physical injury resulting from compensable crime, including expenses for mental health counseling and care;
    (B) loss of wages attributable to a physical injury resulting from a compensable crime; and
    (C) funeral expenses attributable to a death resulting from a compensable crime;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(b)(2)
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    (2) such program promotes victim cooperation with the reasonable requests of law enforcement authorities, except if a program determines such cooperation may be impacted due to a victim’s age, physical condition, psychological state, cultural or linguistic barriers, or any other health or safety concern that jeopardizes the victim’s wellbeing;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(b)(3)
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    (3) such State certifies that grants received under this section will not be used to supplant State funds otherwise available to provide crime victim compensation;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(b)(4)
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    (4) such program, as to compensable crimes occurring within the State, makes compensation awards to victims who are nonresidents of the State on the basis of the same criteria used to make awards to victims who are residents of such State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(b)(5)
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    (5) such program provides compensation to victims of Federal crimes occurring within the State on the same basis that such program provides compensation to victims of State crimes;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(b)(6)
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    (6) such program provides compensation to residents of the State who are victims of crimes occurring outside the State if—
    (A) the crimes would be compensable crimes had they occurred inside that State; and
    (B) the places the crimes occurred in are States not having eligible crime victim compensation programs;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(b)(6)(A)
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    (A) the crimes would be compensable crimes had they occurred inside that State; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(b)(6)(B)
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    (B) the places the crimes occurred in are States not having eligible crime victim compensation programs;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(c)
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    (c) Notwithstanding any other law (other than title IV of Public Law 107–42), for the purpose of any maximum allowed income, resource, or asset eligibility requirement in any Federal, State, or local government program using Federal funds that provides medical or other assistance (or payment or reimbursement of the cost of such assistance), any amount of crime victim compensation that the applicant receives through a crime victim compensation program under this section shall not be included in the income, resources, or assets of the applicant, nor shall that amount reduce the amount of the assistance available to the applicant from Federal, State, or local government programs using Federal funds, unless the total amount of assistance that the applicant receives from all such programs is sufficient to fully compensate the applicant for losses suffered as a result of the crime.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(d)(2)
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    (2) the term “medical expenses” includes, to the extent provided under the eligible crime victim compensation program, expenses for eyeglasses or other corrective lenses, for dental services and devices and prosthetic devices, and for services rendered in accordance with a method of healing recognized by the law of the State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(d)(4)
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    (4) the term “State” includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, and any other possession or territory of the United States; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20102(e)
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    (e) Notwithstanding any other law, if the compensation paid by an eligible crime victim compensation program would cover costs that a Federal program, including the program established under title IV of Public Law 107–42, or a federally financed State or local program, would otherwise pay,—1
    (1) such crime victim compensation program shall not pay that compensation; and
    (2) the other program shall make its payments without regard to the existence of the crime victim compensation program.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20103(a)(1)
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    (1) Subject to the availability of money in the Fund, the Director shall make an annual grant from any portion of the Fund made available by section 20101(d)(2)1 of this title for the purpose of grants under this subsection, or for the purpose of grants under section 20102 of this title but not used for that purpose, to the chief executive of each State for the financial support of eligible crime victim assistance programs.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20103(a)(2)(B)
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    (B) certify that funds shall be made available for grants to programs which serve previously underserved populations of victims of violent crime. The Director, after consultation with State and local officials and representatives from private organizations, shall issue guidelines to implement this section that provide flexibility to the States in determining the populations of victims of violent crimes that may be underserved in their respective States;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20103(a)(2)(C)
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    (C) certify that funds awarded to eligible crime victim assistance programs will not be used to supplant State and local funds otherwise available for crime victim assistance; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20103(a)(3)(A)
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    (A) the base amount to each State; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20103(a)(3)(B)
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    (B) that portion of the then remaining available money to each State that results from a distribution among the States on the basis of each State’s population in relation to the population of all States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20103(a)(4)
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    (4) If the amount available for grants under paragraph (1) is insufficient to provide the base amount to each State, the funds available shall be distributed equally among the States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20103(b)(1)(F)
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    (F) does not discriminate against victims because they disagree with the way the State is prosecuting the criminal case.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20103(b)(3)
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    (3) Not more than 5 percent of sums received under subsection (a) may be used for training purposes and the administration of the State crime victim assistance program receiving such sums.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20103(d)(1)
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    (1) the term “State” includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United States; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20105(a)(1)
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    (1) The Director may make supplemental grants as provided in 20101(d)(5)1 of this title to States, victim service organizations, and public agencies (including Federal, State, or local governments) and nongovernmental organizations that provide assistance to victims of crime, which shall be used to provide emergency relief, including crisis response efforts, assistance, training, and technical assistance, and ongoing assistance, including during any investigation or prosecution, to victims of terrorist acts or mass violence occurring outside the United States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20105(b)
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    (b) The Director may make supplemental grants as provided in section 20101(d)(5) of this title to States for eligible crime victim compensation and assistance programs, and to victim service organizations, public agencies (including Federal, State, or local governments) and nongovernmental organizations that provide assistance to victims of crime, which shall be used to provide emergency relief, including crisis response efforts, assistance, compensation, training and technical assistance, and ongoing assistance, including during any investigation or prosecution, to victims of terrorist acts or mass violence occurring within the United States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20107(a)
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    (a) The Director may make grants as provided in section 20103(c)(1)(A) of this title to State, tribal, and local prosecutors’ offices, law enforcement agencies, courts, jails, and correctional institutions, and to qualified public and private entities, to develop, establish, and maintain programs for the enforcement of crime victims’ rights as provided in law.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20108(a)
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    (a) The Director may make grants as provided in section 20103(c)(1)(A) of this title to State, tribal, and local prosecutors’ offices, law enforcement agencies, courts, jails, and correctional institutions, and to qualified public or private entities, to develop and implement state-of-the-art systems for notifying victims of crime of important dates and developments relating to the criminal proceedings at issue in a timely and efficient manner, provided that the jurisdiction has laws substantially equivalent to the provisions of chapter 237 of title 18.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20109(a)
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    (a) The Attorney General may make grants as provided in section 20103(c)(1)(A) of this title to States to develop and disseminate to entities described in subsection (c)(1) of this section written notice of applicable rights and policies for sexual assault survivors.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20109(c)(1)
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    (1) provide the written notice described in subsection (b) to medical centers, hospitals, forensic examiners, sexual assault service providers, State and local law enforcement agencies, and any other State agency or department reasonably likely to serve sexual assault survivors; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20109(c)(2)
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    (2) make the written notice described in subsection (b) publicly available on the Internet website of the attorney general of the State.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20110(f)
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    (f) If, after reasonable notice and opportunity for a hearing on the record, the Director finds that a State has failed to comply substantially with any provision of this subchapter or a rule, regulation, guideline, or procedure issued under this subchapter, or an application submitted in accordance with this subchapter or the provisions of any other applicable law, the Director shall—
    (1) terminate payments to such State;
    (2) suspend payments to such State until the Director is satisfied that such noncompliance has ended; or
    (3) take such other action as the Director deems appropriate.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20110(f)(1)
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    (1) terminate payments to such State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20110(f)(2)
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    (2) suspend payments to such State until the Director is satisfied that such noncompliance has ended; or
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20110(h)
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    (h) Each entity receiving sums made available under this subchapter for administrative purposes shall certify that such sums will not be used to supplant State or local funds, but will be used to increase the amount of such funds that would, in the absence of Federal funds, be made available for these purposes.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20111(c)(2)
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    (2) Providing funds to eligible States pursuant to sections 20102 and 20103 of this title.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20111(c)(4)
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    (4) Cooperating with and providing technical assistance to States, units of local government, and other public and private organizations or international agencies involved in activities related to crime victims.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20121(d)(2)
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    (2) any training program conducted in satisfaction of the requirement of paragraph (1) has been or will be developed with input from and in collaboration with a tribal, State, territorial, local, or culturally specific domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault or stalking victim service provider or coalition, as well as appropriate tribal, State, territorial, and local law enforcement officials;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20121(d)(3)
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    (3) any person or organization providing legal assistance through a program funded under subsection (c) has informed and will continue to inform State, local, or tribal domestic violence, dating violence, or sexual assault programs and coalitions, as well as appropriate State and local law enforcement officials of their work; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20121(f)(3)
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    (3) Amounts made available under this section shall be used to supplement and not supplant other Federal, State, and local funds expended to further the purpose of this section.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20122(c)(1)(A)
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    (A) a State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20122(c)(1)(D)
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    (D) a victim service provider, such as a State or tribal domestic violence or sexual assault coalition or a nonprofit, nongovernmental organization serving individuals with disabilities and Deaf people.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20123(b)(3)
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    (3) victim service providers working in partnership with a national, State, tribal, Native Hawaiian, or local organization that has demonstrated experience and expertise in providing population specific services in the relevant underserved population.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20123(c)(1)
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    (1) identifying, building and strengthening partnerships with potential collaborators within underserved populations, Federal, State, tribal, territorial or local government entities, and public and private organizations;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20123(d)(1)
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    (1) working with Federal, State, tribal, territorial and local governments, agencies, and organizations to develop or enhance population specific services;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20124(b)(2)(A)
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    (A) working with State and local governments and social service agencies to develop and enhance effective strategies to provide culturally specific services to victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20126(b)(4)
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    (4) improving access to local, regional, State, and Federal crime information databases and criminal justice information systems.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20127(9)(B)(i)
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    (i) a State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20130(c)(1)
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    (1) identification of geographic areas in which State laws, regulations, and practices have a strong impact on the ability of survivors of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking to exercise—
    (A) any rights under this title (including any amendments made by this title) without compromising personal safety or the safety of others, including family members and excluding the abuser; and
    (B) other components of economic security, including financial empowerment, affordable housing, transportation, health care access, credit history, and quality education and training opportunities;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20130(c)(6)
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    (6) best practices for States, employers, health carriers, insurers, and other private entities in addressing issues related to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20131(3)(B)(iii)(II)
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    (II) State, local, and Indian Tribal governments;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20142(a)(1)
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    (1) out of the State in which the case was initially brought; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20142(f)
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    (f) As used in this section, the term “State” means any State, the District of Columbia, or any possession or territory of the United States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20143(a)
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    (a) The Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance of the Office of Justice Programs may make grants to State and local prosecutors and law enforcement agencies in support of juvenile and young adult witness assistance programs.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20143(c)(3)
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    (3) The term “State” includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(a)
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    (a) This section may be cited as the “Justice for United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Act”.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(b)(1)(A)(iii)
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    (iii) The Special Master shall administer the compensation program described in this section for United States persons who are victims of state sponsored terrorism.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(b)(2)(A)
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    (A) Not later than 60 days after the date of the initial appointment of the Special Master, the Special Master shall publish in the Federal Register and on a website maintained by the Department of Justice a notice specifying the procedures necessary for United States persons to apply and establish eligibility for payment, including procedures by which eligible United States persons may apply by and through their attorney. Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of the United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund Clarification Act, the Special Master shall update, as necessary as a result of the enactment of such Act, such procedures and other guidance previously issued by the Special Master. Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of the Fairness for 9/11 Families Act, the Special Master shall update, as necessary as a result of the enactment of such Act, such procedures and other guidance previously issued by the Special Master. Such notice and any updates to that notice or other guidance are not subject to the requirements of section 553 of title 5.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(c)(2)(A)(i)
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    (i) issued by a United States district court under State or Federal law against a foreign state that was designated as a state sponsor of terrorism at the time the acts described in clause (ii) occurred or was so designated as a result of such acts; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(c)(2)(A)(ii)
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    (ii) arising from acts of international terrorism, for which the foreign state was determined not to be immune from the jurisdiction of the courts of the United States under section 1605A, or section 1605(a)(7) (as such section was in effect on January 27, 2008), of title 28;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(d)(3)(A)(i)(I)
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    (I) dividing all available funds in half and allocating 50 percent of the available funds to non-9/11 related victims of state sponsored terrorism and the remaining 50 percent of the available funds to 9/11 related victims of state sponsored terrorism;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(d)(3)(A)(i)(II)
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    (II) further dividing the funds allocated to non-9/11 related victims of state sponsored terrorism on a pro rata basis, based on the amounts outstanding and unpaid on eligible claims, until such amounts have been paid in full or the Fund is closed; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(d)(3)(A)(i)(III)
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    (III) further dividing the funds allocated to 9/11 related victims of state sponsored terrorism on a pro rata basis, based on the amounts outstanding and unpaid on eligible claims, until such amounts have been paid in full or the Fund is closed.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(d)(3)(A)(ii)(II)
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    (II) In the event that a non-9/11 related victim of state sponsored terrorism and the immediate family members of such person have claims that if aggregated would exceed $35,000,000, the Special Master shall, for purposes of this section, reduce such claims on a pro rata basis such that in the aggregate such claims do not exceed $35,000,000.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(d)(4)(D)(i)
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    (i) Not later than 1 year after December 29, 2022, and in accordance with clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (3)(A), the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct an audit and publish in the Federal Register a notice of proposed lump sum catch-up payments to the 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and the 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who have submitted applications in accordance with subsection (c)(3)(A)(ii)(II) on or after such date of enactment, in amounts that, after receiving the lump sum catch-up payments, would result in the percentage of the claims of such victims received from the Fund being equal to the percentage of the claims of non-9/11 victims of state sponsored terrorism received from the Fund, as of December 29, 2022.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(d)(5)(A)
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    (A) The United States shall be subrogated to the rights of any person who applies for and receives payments under this section, but only to the extent and in the amount of such payments made under this section. The President shall pursue these subrogated rights as claims or offsets of the United States in appropriate ways, including any negotiation process that precedes the normalization of relations between the foreign state designated as a state sponsor of terrorism and the United States or the lifting of sanctions against such foreign state.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(e)(1)
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    (1) There is established in the Treasury a fund, to be designated as the United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(e)(2)(A)(i)
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    (i) All funds, and the net proceeds from the sale of property, forfeited or paid to the United States after December 18, 2015, as a criminal penalty or fine arising from a violation of any license, order, regulation, or prohibition issued under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) or the Trading with the Enemy Act (50 U.S.C. App. 1 et seq.),1 or any related criminal conspiracy, scheme, or other Federal offense arising from the actions of, or doing business with or acting on behalf of, a state sponsor of terrorism.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(e)(2)(A)(ii)
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    (ii) Seventy-five percent of all funds, and seventy-five percent of the net proceeds from the sale of property, forfeited or paid to the United States after December 18, 2015, as a civil penalty or fine arising from a violation of any license, order, regulation, or prohibition issued under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) or the Trading with the Enemy Act (50 U.S.C. App. 1 et seq.),1 or any related conspiracy, scheme, or other Federal offense arising from the actions of, or doing business with or acting on behalf of, a state sponsor of terrorism.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(f)(1)
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    (1) No attorney representing a non-9/11 related victim of state sponsored terrorism shall charge, receive, or collect, and the Special Master shall not approve, any payment of fees and costs that in the aggregate exceeds 25 percent of any payment made under this section. After November 21, 2019, no attorney representing a 9/11 related victim of state sponsored terrorism shall charge, receive, or collect, and the Special Master shall not approve, any payment of fees and costs that in the aggregate exceeds 15 percent of any payment made under this section after November 21, 2019.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(g)(2)(A)(i)
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    (i) of a state sponsor of terrorism, or held by a third party on behalf of or subject to the control of that state sponsor of terrorism;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(j)(4)
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    (4) The term “final judgment” means an enforceable final judgment, decree or order on liability and damages entered by a United States district court that is not subject to further appellate review, but does not include a judgment, decree, or order that has been waived, relinquished, satisfied, espoused by the United States, or subject to a bilateral claims settlement agreement between the United States and a foreign state. In the case of a default judgment, such judgment shall not be considered a final judgment until such time as service of process has been completed pursuant to section 1608(e) of title 28.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(j)(5)
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    (5) The term “Fund” means the United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund established by this section.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(j)(6)
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    (6) The term “source other than this Fund” means all collateral sources, including life insurance, pension funds, death benefit programs, payments by Federal, State, or local governments, and court awarded compensation related to the act of international terrorism that gave rise to a claimant’s final judgment, except that the term does not include payments received in connection with an international claims agreement to which the United States is a state party or any other settlement of terrorism-related claims against Sudan. The term “entitled or scheduled to receive” in subsection (d)(3)(B)(i) includes any potential recovery where that person or their representative is a party to any civil or administrative action pending in any court or agency of competent jurisdiction in which the party seeks to enforce the judgment giving rise to the application to the Fund.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(j)(7)
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    (7) The term “state sponsor of terrorism” means a country the government of which the Secretary of State has determined, for purposes of section 4605(j)1 of title 50, section 2371 of title 22, section 2780 of title 22, or any other provision of law, is a government that has repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(j)(8)
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    (8) The term “United States person” means a natural person who has suffered an injury arising from the actions of a foreign state for which the foreign state has been determined not to be immune from the jurisdiction of the courts of the United States under section 1605A or section 1605(a)(7) (as such section was in effect on January 27, 2008) of title 28 or is eligible to make a claim under subsection (c)(2)(B) or subsection (c)(2)(C).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(j)(9)
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    (9) The term “non-9/11 victim of state sponsored terrorism” means a United States person who has an eligible claim under subsection (c) that is unrelated to the acts of international terrorism carried out on September 11, 2001.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20144(j)(10)
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    (10) The term “9/11 related victim of state sponsored terrorism” means a 9/11 victim, 9/11 spouse, 9/11 dependent, or 9/11 family member.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20303(c)(3)(A)(i)
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    (i) include a single or multiyear management plan that outlines how the applicant will provide information, services, and technical assistance to communities and chapters so that communities can establish and maintain multidisciplinary programs that respond to child abuse and chapters can establish and maintain children’s advocacy centers in their State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20303(c)(3)(A)(iii)
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    (iii) state the annual cost of the proposal and a breakdown of those costs.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20303(c)(4)(B)(iv)
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    (iv) best result in supporting chapters in each State; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20303(d)(2)(B)
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    (B) states whether changes are needed and are being made to carry out the purpose of the children’s advocacy program.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20304(d)
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    (d) In awarding grants under this section, the Administrator shall ensure that grants are distributed to all States that are eligible for such grants, including large and small States, and to rural, suburban, and urban jurisdictions.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20305(a)(1)
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    (1) prosecutors and other attorneys and allied professionals instrumental to the criminal prosecution of child abuse cases in State or Federal courts, for the purpose of improving the quality of criminal prosecution of such cases; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20305(b)(1)(A)
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    (A) a significant connection to prosecutors who handle child abuse cases in State courts, such as a membership organization or support service providers; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20323(d)
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    (d) State and local Court Appointed Special Advocate programs are authorized to request fingerprint-based criminal background checks from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s criminal history database for prospective volunteers. The requesting program is responsible for the reasonable costs associated with the Federal records check.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20333(b)(1)
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    (1) In order to improve the judicial system’s handling of child abuse and neglect cases, the Administrator shall make grants to State courts or judicial administrators for programs that provide or contract for, the implementation of—
    (A) training and technical assistance to judicial personnel and attorneys in juvenile and family courts; and
    (B) administrative reform in juvenile and family courts.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20341(e)(1)
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    (1) In the case of an incident described in subsection (a) involving a child in the family or home of member of the Armed Forces (regardless of whether the incident occurred on or off a military installation), the report required by subsection (a) shall be made to the appropriate child welfare services agency or agencies of the State in which the child resides. The Attorney General, the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Homeland Security (with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy) shall jointly, in consultation with the chief executive officers of the States, designate the child welfare service agencies of the States that are appropriate recipients of reports pursuant to this subsection. Any report on an incident pursuant to this subsection is in addition to any other report on the incident pursuant to this section.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20351(b)(1)(B)
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    (B) conducted through the Identification Division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and through the State criminal history repositories of all States that an employee or prospective employee lists as current and former residences in an employment application; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20351(d)(1)
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    (1) Employment applications for individuals who are seeking work for an agency of the Federal Government, or for a facility or program operated by (or through contract with) the Federal Government, in any of the positions listed in subsection (a)(1), shall contain a question asking whether the individual has ever been arrested for or charged with a crime involving a child, and if so requiring a description of the disposition of the arrest or charge. An application shall state that it is being signed under penalty of perjury, with the applicable Federal punishment for perjury stated on the application.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20501(b)(2)
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    (2) work with States, territories of the United States, and tribal governments to encourage the development of additional elements (known as local AMBER plans) in the network;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20501(b)(3)
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    (3) work with States, territories of the United States, and tribal governments to ensure appropriate regional coordination of various elements of the network; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20501(e)
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    (e) Not later than March 1, 2005, the Coordinator shall submit to Congress a report on the activities of the Coordinator and the effectiveness and status of the AMBER plans of each State that has implemented such a plan. The Coordinator shall prepare the report in consultation with the Secretary of Transportation.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20502(b)(2)
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    (2) The minimum standards shall, to the maximum extent practicable (as determined by the Coordinator in consultation with State, territorial, tribal, and local law enforcement agencies), provide that appropriate information relating to the special needs of an abducted child (including health care needs) are disseminated to the appropriate law enforcement, public health, and other public officials.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20502(b)(3)
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    (3) The minimum standards shall, to the maximum extent practicable (as determined by the Coordinator in consultation with State, territorial, tribal, and local law enforcement agencies), provide that the dissemination of an alert through the AMBER Alert communications network be limited to the geographic areas most likely to facilitate the recovery of the abducted child concerned.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20502(b)(4)
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    (4) In carrying out activities under subsection (a), the Coordinator may not interfere with the current system of voluntary coordination between local broadcasters and State, territorial, tribal, and local law enforcement agencies for purposes of the AMBER Alert communications network.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20502(c)(2)
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    (2) The Coordinator shall also cooperate with local broadcasters and State, territorial, tribal, and local law enforcement agencies in establishing minimum standards under this section.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20503(a)
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    (a) The Secretary of Transportation (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”) shall carry out a program to provide grants to States for the development or enhancement of notification or communications systems along highways and at airports, maritime ports, border crossing areas and checkpoints, and ports of exit from the United States for alerts and other information for the recovery of abducted children.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20503(b)(1)
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    (1) The Secretary may make a grant to a State under this subsection for the development of a State program for the use of changeable message signs or other information systems to notify motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers about abductions of children. The State program shall provide for the planning, coordination, and design of systems, protocols, and message sets that support the coordination and communication necessary to notify motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers about abductions of children.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20503(b)(2)
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    (2) A grant under this subsection may be used by a State for the following purposes:
    (A) To develop general policies and procedures to guide the use of changeable message signs or other information systems to notify motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers about abductions of children.
    (B) To develop guidance or policies on the content and format of alert messages to be conveyed on changeable message signs or other traveler information systems.
    (C) To coordinate State, regional, and local plans for the use of changeable message signs or other transportation related issues.
    (D) To plan secure and reliable communications systems and protocols among public safety and transportation agencies or modify existing communications systems to support the notification of motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers about abductions of children.
    (E) To plan and design improved systems for communicating with motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers, including the capability for issuing wide area alerts to motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers.
    (F) To plan systems and protocols to facilitate the efficient issuance of child abduction notification and other key information to motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers during off-hours.
    (G) To provide training and guidance to transportation authorities to facilitate appropriate use of changeable message signs and other traveler information systems for the notification of motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers about abductions of children.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20503(b)(2)(C)
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    (C) To coordinate State, regional, and local plans for the use of changeable message signs or other transportation related issues.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20503(c)(1)
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    (1) The Secretary may make a grant to a State under this subsection for the implementation of a program for the use of changeable message signs or other information systems to notify motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers about abductions of children. A State shall be eligible for a grant under this subsection if the Secretary determines that the State has developed a State program in accordance with subsection (b).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20503(c)(2)
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    (2) A grant under this subsection may be used by a State to support the implementation of systems that use changeable message signs or other information systems to notify motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers about abductions of children. Such support may include the purchase and installation of changeable message signs or other information systems to notify motorists, aircraft passengers, ship passengers, and travelers about abductions of children.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20503(e)
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    (e) The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, distribute grants under this section equally among the States that apply for a grant under this section within the time period prescribed by the Secretary.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20503(g)
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    (g) In this chapter, the term “State” means any of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and any other territory of the United States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20503(i)(1)
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    (1) The Secretary shall conduct a study to examine State barriers to the adoption and implementation of State programs for the use of communications systems along highways for alerts and other information for the recovery of abducted children.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20504(a)
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    (a) The Attorney General shall carry out a program to provide grants to States and Indian tribes for—
    (1) the development or enhancement of programs and activities for the support of AMBER Alert communications plans; and
    (2) the integration of tribal AMBER Alert systems into State AMBER Alert systems.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20504(a)(2)
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    (2) the integration of tribal AMBER Alert systems into State AMBER Alert systems.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20504(b)(4)
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    (4) the integration of State or regional AMBER Alert communication plans with a territorial government or an Indian tribe; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20701(a)(1)(A)
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    (A) The Attorney General shall use available data from State and local authorities as well as research data to carry out a biennial comprehensive research and statistical review and analysis of severe forms of trafficking in persons, and a biennial comprehensive research and statistical review and analysis of sex trafficking and unlawful commercial sex acts in the United States, and shall submit to Congress separate biennial reports on the findings.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20701(a)(1)(B)(i)(II)
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    (II) the number of investigations, arrests, prosecutions, and incarcerations of persons engaged in acts of severe forms of trafficking in persons by States and their political subdivisions.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20701(a)(1)(B)(ii)(III)
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    (III) the number of investigations, arrests, prosecutions, and incarcerations of persons engaged in sex trafficking and unlawful commercial sex acts, including purchasers of commercial sex acts, by States and their political subdivisions; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20701(a)(2)(A)(ii)
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    (ii) disseminate best methods and practices for enforcement of laws prohibiting acts of severe forms of trafficking in persons and other laws related to acts of trafficking in persons, including, but not limited to, best methods and practices for training State and local law enforcement personnel on the enforcement of such laws;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20701(a)(2)(A)(iii)
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    (iii) disseminate best methods and practices for training State and local law enforcement personnel on the enforcement of laws prohibiting sex trafficking and commercial sex acts, including, but not limited to, best methods for investigating and prosecuting exploiters and persons who solicit or purchase an unlawful commercial sex act; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20701(a)(2)(A)(iv)
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    (iv) disseminate best methods and practices for training State and local law enforcement personnel on collaborating with social service providers and relevant nongovernmental organizations and establishing trust of persons subjected to commercial sex acts or severe forms of trafficking in persons.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20701(a)(2)(B)(ii)
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    (ii) State and local government officials, including law enforcement and prosecutorial officials;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20702(a)(3)
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    (3) The term “eligible entity” means a State or unit of local government that—
    (A) has significant criminal activity involving sex trafficking of minors;
    (B) has demonstrated cooperation between Federal, State, local, and, where applicable, tribal law enforcement agencies, prosecutors, and social service providers in addressing sex trafficking of minors;
    (C) has developed a workable, multi-disciplinary plan to combat sex trafficking of minors, including—
    (i) building or establishing a residential care facility for minor victims of sex trafficking;
    (ii) the provision of rehabilitative care to minor victims of sex trafficking;
    (iii) the provision of specialized training for law enforcement officers and social service providers for all forms of sex trafficking, with a focus on sex trafficking of minors;
    (iv) prevention, deterrence, and prosecution of offenses involving sex trafficking of minors;
    (v) cooperation or referral agreements with organizations providing outreach or other related services to runaway and homeless youth; and
    (vi) law enforcement protocols or procedures to screen all individuals arrested for prostitution, whether adult or minor, for victimization by sex trafficking and by other crimes, such as sexual assault and domestic violence; and
    (D) provides assurance that a minor victim of sex trafficking shall not be required to collaborate with law enforcement to have access to residential care or services provided with a grant under this section.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20702(a)(3)(B)
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    (B) has demonstrated cooperation between Federal, State, local, and, where applicable, tribal law enforcement agencies, prosecutors, and social service providers in addressing sex trafficking of minors;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20702(a)(4)(A)
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    (A) is younger than 18 years of age, and is a victim of an offense described in section 1591(a) of title 18 or a comparable State law; or
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20702(a)(5)(A)
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    (A) is not a State or unit of local government, or an agency of a State or unit of local government;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20702(a)(6)
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    (6) The term “sex trafficking of a minor” means an offense described in section 1591(a) of title 18 or a comparable State law, against a minor.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20702(b)(1)(B)
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    (B) Not fewer than 1 of the block grants made under subparagraph (A) shall be awarded to an eligible entity with a State population of less than 5,000,000.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20703(b)(1)(E)
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    (E) utilize, implement, and provide education on safe harbor laws enacted by States, aimed at preventing the criminalization and prosecution of child sex trafficking victims for prostitution offenses, and other laws aimed at the investigation and prosecution of child human trafficking;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20703(b)(2)(C)
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    (C) dedicated anti-trafficking prosecution units, including the funding of salaries for State and local prosecutors, including assisting in paying trial expenses for prosecution of child human trafficking offenders, except that the percentage of the total salary of a State or local prosecutor that is paid using an award under this section shall be not more than the percentage of the total number of hours worked by the prosecutor that is spent working on cases involving child human trafficking;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20703(b)(2)(D)(iii)
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    (iii) State governmental health service agencies;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20703(b)(4)(C)(i)
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    (i) State-administered outpatient treatment;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20703(c)(3)(B)
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    (B) the application includes a plan by the State or unit of local government to continue funding of all activities funded by the award after the expiration of the award.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20703(k)(4)
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    (4) the term “eligible entity” means a State or unit of local government that—
    (A) has significant criminal activity involving child human trafficking;
    (B) has demonstrated cooperation between Federal, State, local, and, where applicable, tribal law enforcement agencies, prosecutors, and social service providers in addressing child human trafficking;
    (C) has developed a workable, multi-disciplinary plan to combat child human trafficking, including—
    (i) the establishment of a shelter for victims of child human trafficking, through existing or new facilities;
    (ii) the provision of trauma-informed, gender-responsive rehabilitative care to victims of child human trafficking;
    (iii) the provision of specialized training for law enforcement officers and social service providers for all forms of human trafficking, with a focus on domestic child human trafficking;
    (iv) prevention, deterrence, and prosecution of offenses involving child human trafficking, including soliciting, patronizing, or purchasing human acts with children;
    (v) cooperation or referral agreements with organizations providing outreach or other related services to runaway and homeless youth;
    (vi) law enforcement protocols or procedures to screen all individuals arrested for prostitution, whether adult or child, for victimization by sex trafficking and by other crimes, such as sexual assault and domestic violence; and
    (vii) cooperation or referral agreements with State child welfare agencies and child advocacy centers; and
    (D) provides an assurance that, under the plan under subparagraph (C), a victim of child human trafficking shall not be required to collaborate with law enforcement officers to have access to any shelter or services provided with a grant under this section.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20703(k)(4)(B)
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    (B) has demonstrated cooperation between Federal, State, local, and, where applicable, tribal law enforcement agencies, prosecutors, and social service providers in addressing child human trafficking;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20703(k)(4)(C)(vii)
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    (vii) cooperation or referral agreements with State child welfare agencies and child advocacy centers; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20704(b)(4)(A)(ii)
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    (ii) lobby any representative of a Federal, State, local, or tribal government regarding the award of grant funding.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20705(a)(1)
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    (1) The Attorney General may make grants to States and local law enforcement agencies to establish, develop, expand, or strengthen programs—
    (A) to investigate and prosecute acts of severe forms of trafficking in persons, and related offenses that occur, in whole or in part, within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States;
    (B) to train law enforcement personnel how to identify victims of severe forms of trafficking in persons and related offenses;
    (C) to investigate and prosecute persons who engage in the purchase of commercial sex acts and prioritize the investigations and prosecutions of those cases involving minor victims;
    (D) to educate persons charged with, or convicted of, purchasing or attempting to purchase commercial sex acts;
    (E) to educate and train law enforcement personnel in how to establish trust of persons subjected to trafficking and encourage cooperation with prosecution efforts; and
    (F) as appropriate, to designate at least 1 prosecutor for cases of severe forms of trafficking in persons (as such term is defined in section 7102(9)1 of title 22).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20705(b)
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    (b) Grants under subsection (a) may be made only for programs in which the State or local law enforcement agency works collaboratively with social service providers and relevant nongovernmental organizations, including organizations with experience in the delivery of services to persons who are the subject of trafficking in persons.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20705a(a)
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    (a) The Secretary of Health and Human Services may make grants to eligible States to develop, improve, or expand programs that assist State, local, or Tribal child welfare agencies with identifying and responding to—
    (1) children considered victims of “child abuse and neglect” and of “sexual abuse” under the application of section 5106g(b)(1) of title 42 because of being identified as being a victim or at risk of being a victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons; and
    (2) children over whom such agencies have responsibility for placement, care, or supervision and for whom there is reasonable cause to believe are, or are at risk of being a victim of 1 or more severe forms of trafficking in persons.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20705a(b)(1)
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    (1) The term “child” means an individual who has not attained 18 years of age or such older age as the State has elected under section 475(8) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 675(8)). At the option of an eligible State, such term may include an individual who has not attained 26 years of age.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20705a(b)(2)
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    (2) The term “eligible State” means a State that has not received more than 3 grants under this section and meets 1 or more of the following criteria:
    (A) The State has eliminated or will eliminate any requirement relating to identification of a controlling third party who causes a child to engage in a commercial sex act in order for the child to be considered a victim of trafficking or a victim of 1 or more severe forms of trafficking in persons for purposes of accessing child welfare services and care.
    (B) The State considers a child to be a victim of trafficking if the individual is a victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons, as described in subparagraph (A) of section 7102(11) of title 22.
    (C) The State agency responsible for administering the State plan for foster care and adoption assistance under part E of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 670 et seq.) has developed and is implementing or will develop and implement protocols that meet the following reporting requirements:
    (i) The requirement to report immediately, and in no case later than 24 hours after receiving, information on children who have been identified as being a victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons to law enforcement authorities under paragraph (34)(A) of section 471(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 671(a)).
    (ii) The requirement to report immediately, and in no case later than 24 hours after receiving, information on missing or abducted children to law enforcement authorities, including children classified as “runaways”, for entry into the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) database of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, under paragraph (35)(B) of such section [42 U.S.C. 671(a)(35)(B)].
    (iii) The requirement to report to the Secretary of Health and Human Services the total number of children who are victims of child human trafficking under paragraph (34)(B) of such section [42 U.S.C. 671(a)(34)(B)].
    (D) The State has developed and implemented or will develop and implement a specialized protocol for responding to a child who is, or is at risk of being, a trafficking victim to ensure the response focuses on the child’s specific safety needs as a victim of trafficking, and that includes the development and use of an alternative mechanism for investigating and responding to cases of child human trafficking in which the alleged offender is not the child’s parent or caregiver without utilizing existing processes for investigating and responding to other forms of child abuse or neglect that require the filing of an abuse or neglect petition.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20705a(b)(2)(A)
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    (A) The State has eliminated or will eliminate any requirement relating to identification of a controlling third party who causes a child to engage in a commercial sex act in order for the child to be considered a victim of trafficking or a victim of 1 or more severe forms of trafficking in persons for purposes of accessing child welfare services and care.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20705a(b)(2)(B)
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    (B) The State considers a child to be a victim of trafficking if the individual is a victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons, as described in subparagraph (A) of section 7102(11) of title 22.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20705a(b)(2)(C)
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    (C) The State agency responsible for administering the State plan for foster care and adoption assistance under part E of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 670 et seq.) has developed and is implementing or will develop and implement protocols that meet the following reporting requirements:
    (i) The requirement to report immediately, and in no case later than 24 hours after receiving, information on children who have been identified as being a victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons to law enforcement authorities under paragraph (34)(A) of section 471(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 671(a)).
    (ii) The requirement to report immediately, and in no case later than 24 hours after receiving, information on missing or abducted children to law enforcement authorities, including children classified as “runaways”, for entry into the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) database of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, under paragraph (35)(B) of such section [42 U.S.C. 671(a)(35)(B)].
    (iii) The requirement to report to the Secretary of Health and Human Services the total number of children who are victims of child human trafficking under paragraph (34)(B) of such section [42 U.S.C. 671(a)(34)(B)].
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20705a(b)(2)(D)
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    (D) The State has developed and implemented or will develop and implement a specialized protocol for responding to a child who is, or is at risk of being, a trafficking victim to ensure the response focuses on the child’s specific safety needs as a victim of trafficking, and that includes the development and use of an alternative mechanism for investigating and responding to cases of child human trafficking in which the alleged offender is not the child’s parent or caregiver without utilizing existing processes for investigating and responding to other forms of child abuse or neglect that require the filing of an abuse or neglect petition.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20705a(b)(4)
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    (4) The term “State” means each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Such term includes an Indian tribe, tribal organization, or tribal consortium with a plan approved under section 479B of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 679c), or which is receiving funding to provide foster care under part E of title IV of such Act [42 U.S.C. 670 et seq.] pursuant to a cooperative agreement or contract with a State.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20708(a)(2)(A)
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    (A) a State or unit of local government;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20708(a)(3)
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    (3) The term “State” means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the United States Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, and any other territory or possession of the United States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20708(b)(3)
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    (3) improve victim service providers’ partnerships with Federal, State, tribal, and local law enforcement agencies and other relevant entities.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20708(c)(1)
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    (1) train law enforcement personnel to identify and protect victims of trafficking, including training such personnel to utilize Federal, State, or local resources to assist victims of trafficking, which may include programs to build law enforcement capacity to identify and respond to human trafficking that are funded through the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services of the Department of Justice, such as the Interdiction for the Protection of Children Program;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20708(c)(2)
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    (2) train law enforcement or State or local prosecutors to identify, investigate, or prosecute acts of trafficking;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20708(c)(3)
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    (3) train law enforcement or State or local prosecutors to utilize laws that prohibit acts of trafficking and to assist in the development of State and local laws to prohibit acts of trafficking;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20708(c)(8)
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    (8) assist service providers in developing additional resources such as partnerships with Federal, State, tribal, and local law enforcement agencies and other relevant entities in order to access a range of available services in accordance with Federal law.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20709(b)(1)
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    (1) The terms “commercial sex act”, “severe forms of trafficking in persons”, “State”, and “Task Force” have the meanings given those terms in section 7102 of title 22.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20709(b)(6)
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    (6) The term “State law enforcement officer” means any officer, agent, or employee of a State authorized by law or by a State government agency to engage in or supervise the prevention, detection, investigation, or prosecution of any violation of criminal law.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20709(c)(1)(A)
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    (A) The Attorney General shall ensure that each anti-human trafficking program operated by the Department of Justice, including each anti-human trafficking training program for Federal, State, or local law enforcement officers, includes technical training on—
    (i) effective methods for investigating and prosecuting covered offenders;
    (ii) facilitating the provision of physical and mental health services by health care providers to persons subject to severe forms of trafficking in persons;
    (iii) individually screening all adults and children who are suspected of engaging in commercial sex acts or who are subject to labor exploitation that may be in violation of child labor laws to determine whether each individual screened is a victim of human trafficking; and
    (iv) how—
    (I) victims of sex or labor trafficking often engage in criminal acts as a direct result of severe trafficking in persons; and
    (II) such individuals are victims of a crime and affirmative measures should be taken to avoid arresting, charging, or prosecuting such individuals for any offense that is the direct result of their victimization.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20709(e)(1)(A)(i)
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    (i) arrests of individuals by State law enforcement officers for a covered offense, noting the number of covered offenders;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20709(e)(1)(A)(ii)
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    (ii) prosecutions (including specific charges) of individuals in State court systems for a covered offense, noting the number of covered offenders; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20709(e)(1)(A)(iii)
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    (iii) convictions of individuals in State court systems for a covered offense, noting the number of covered offenders; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20709(e)(1)(B)
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    (B) sentences imposed on individuals convicted in State court systems for a covered offense; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20709(f)(2)(D)
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    (D) be developed in consultation with State and local law enforcement agencies, the Department of Health and Human Services, survivors of human trafficking, and nongovernmental organizations that specialize in the identification, prevention, and restoration of victims of human trafficking; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20711(b)(1)
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    (1) Integrated Federal, State, local, and tribal efforts to investigate and prosecute human trafficking cases, including—
    (A) the development by each United States attorney, in consultation with State, local, and tribal government agencies, of a district-specific strategic plan to coordinate the identification of victims and the investigation and prosecution of human trafficking crimes;
    (B) the participation in any Federal, State, local, or tribal human trafficking task force operating in the district of the United States attorney; and
    (C) any other efforts intended to enhance the level of coordination and cooperation, as determined by the Attorney General.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20711(b)(1)(A)
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    (A) the development by each United States attorney, in consultation with State, local, and tribal government agencies, of a district-specific strategic plan to coordinate the identification of victims and the investigation and prosecution of human trafficking crimes;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20711(b)(1)(B)
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    (B) the participation in any Federal, State, local, or tribal human trafficking task force operating in the district of the United States attorney; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20711(b)(4)
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    (4) An ongoing assessment of the future trends, challenges, and opportunities, including new investigative strategies, techniques, and technologies, that will enhance Federal, State, local, and tribal efforts to combat human trafficking.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20711(b)(5)
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    (5) Encouragement of cooperation, coordination, and mutual support between private sector and other entities and organizations and Federal agencies to combat human trafficking, including the involvement of State, local, and tribal government agencies to the extent Federal programs are involved.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20711(c)(5)
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    (5) coordinating with other Federal agencies, State, tribal, and local law enforcement agencies, victim service providers, and other relevant non-governmental organizations to build partnerships on activities relating to human trafficking; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20911(6)
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    (6) The term “criminal offense” means a State, local, tribal, foreign, or military offense (to the extent specified by the Secretary of Defense under section 115(a)(8)(C)(i) of Public Law 105–119 (10 U.S.C. 951 note)) or other criminal offense.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20911(10)(A)
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    (A) A State.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20917(b)(5)(B)
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    (B) if the social networking website finds that information is inaccurate, incomplete, or cannot be verified, the site immediately notifies the appropriate State registry and the Department of Justice, so that they may delete or correct that information in the respective State and national databases;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20917(c)(5)(A)
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    (A) A civil claim against a social networking website, including any director, officer, employee, parent, contractor, or agent of that social networking website, arising from the use by such website of the National Sex Offender Registry, may not be brought in any Federal or State court.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20917(c)(6)
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    (6) Nothing in this section shall be construed to require any Internet website, including a social networking website, to use the system, and no Federal or State liability, or any other actionable adverse consequence, shall be imposed on such website based on its decision not to do so.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20927(d)
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    (d) The provisions of this subchapter that are cast as directions to jurisdictions or their officials constitute, in relation to States, only conditions required to avoid the reduction of Federal funding under this section.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20929(a)(2)(A)
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    (A) it is a tribe subject to the law enforcement jurisdiction of a State under section 1162 of title 18;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(a)(2)(B)
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    (B) an offense involving a minor under a State or Tribal statute that is similar to a provision described in subparagraph (A).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(a)(5)(B)
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    (B) an offense involving a minor under a State or Tribal statute that is similar to a provision described in subparagraph (A).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(a)(11)(B)
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    (B) an offense under a State or Tribal statute that is similar to a provision described in subparagraph (A).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(a)(13)
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    (13) The term “State” means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(b)
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    (b) The Attorney General shall create and maintain a nationwide initiative to align Federal, State, and local entities to combat the growing epidemic of online child sexual exploitation and abuse, to be known as the “Project Safe Childhood program”, in accordance with this section.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(c)(3)
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    (3) develop and implement a tracking and communication system for Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies and prosecutor’s offices to report successful cases of victim identification and child rescue to the Department of Justice and the public; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(d)(1)
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    (1) Integrated Federal, State, and local efforts to investigate and prosecute contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, and offenses involving child sexual abuse material, including—
    (A) the partnership by each United States Attorney with each Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force within the district of such attorney;
    (B) training of Federal, State, and local law enforcement officers and prosecutors through—
    (i) programs facilitated by the ICAC Task Force Program;
    (ii) ICAC training programs supported by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention of the Department of Justice;
    (iii) programs facilitated by appropriate nongovernmental organizations with subject matter expertise, technical skill, or technological tools to assist in the identification of and response to serious offenders, contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, or offenses involving child sexual abuse material; and
    (iv) any other program that provides training—
    (I) on the investigation and identification of serious offenders or victims of contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, or offenses involving child sexual abuse material; or
    (II) that specifically addresses the use of existing and emerging technologies to commit or facilitate contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, or offenses involving child sexual abuse material;
    (C) the development by each United States Attorney of a district-specific strategic plan to coordinate with State and local law enforcement agencies and prosecutor’s offices, including ICAC task forces and their ICAC affiliate partners, on the investigation of suspect leads involving serious offenders, contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, and offenses involving child sexual abuse material, and the prosecution of those offenders and offenses, which plan—
    (i) shall include—
    (I) the use of the best practices developed under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (c);
    (II) the development of plans and protocols to target and rapidly investigate cases involving potential serious offenders or the identification and rescue of a victim of a contact sexual offense, a child sexual exploitation offense, or an offense involving child sexual abuse material;
    (III) the use of training and technical assistance programs to incorporate victim-centered, trauma-informed practices in cases involving victims of contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, and offenses involving child sexual abuse material, which may include the use of child protective services, children’s advocacy centers, victim support specialists, or other supportive services;
    (IV) the development of plans to track, report, and clearly communicate successful cases of victim identification and child rescue to the Department of Justice and the public;
    (V) an analysis of the investigative and forensic capacity of law enforcement agencies and prosecutor’s offices within the district, and goals for improving capacity and effectiveness;
    (VI) a written policy describing the criteria for referrals for prosecution from Federal, State, or local law enforcement agencies, particularly when the investigation may involve a potential serious offender or the identification or rescue of a child victim;
    (VII) plans and budgets for training of relevant personnel on contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, and offenses involving child sexual abuse material;
    (VIII) plans for coordination and cooperation with State, local, and Tribal law enforcement agencies and prosecutorial offices; and
    (IX) evidence-based programs that educate the public about and increase awareness of such offenses; and
    (ii) shall be developed in consultation, as appropriate, with—
    (I) the local ICAC task force;
    (II) the United States Marshals Service Sex Offender Targeting Center;
    (III) training and technical assistance providers under the ICAC Task Force Program who are funded by the Attorney General;
    (IV) nongovernmental organizations with subject matter expertise, technical skill, or technological tools to assist in the identification of and response to contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, or offenses involving child sexual abuse material;
    (V) any relevant component of Homeland Security Investigations;
    (VI) any relevant component of the Federal Bureau of Investigation;
    (VII) the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention of the Department of Justice;
    (VIII) the Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section of the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice;
    (IX) the United States Postal Inspection Service;
    (X) the United States Secret Service; and
    (XI) each military criminal investigation organization of the Department of Defense; and
    (D) a quadrennial assessment by each United States Attorney of the investigations within the district of such attorney of contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, and offenses involving child sexual abuse material—
    (i) with consideration of—
    (I) the variety of sources for leads;
    (II) the proportion of work involving proactive or undercover law enforcement investigations;
    (III) the number of serious offenders identified and prosecuted; and
    (IV) the number of children identified or rescued; and
    (ii) information from which may be used by the United States Attorney, as appropriate, to revise the plan described in subparagraph (C).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(d)(1)(B)
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    (B) training of Federal, State, and local law enforcement officers and prosecutors through—
    (i) programs facilitated by the ICAC Task Force Program;
    (ii) ICAC training programs supported by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention of the Department of Justice;
    (iii) programs facilitated by appropriate nongovernmental organizations with subject matter expertise, technical skill, or technological tools to assist in the identification of and response to serious offenders, contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, or offenses involving child sexual abuse material; and
    (iv) any other program that provides training—
    (I) on the investigation and identification of serious offenders or victims of contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, or offenses involving child sexual abuse material; or
    (II) that specifically addresses the use of existing and emerging technologies to commit or facilitate contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, or offenses involving child sexual abuse material;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(d)(1)(C)
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    (C) the development by each United States Attorney of a district-specific strategic plan to coordinate with State and local law enforcement agencies and prosecutor’s offices, including ICAC task forces and their ICAC affiliate partners, on the investigation of suspect leads involving serious offenders, contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, and offenses involving child sexual abuse material, and the prosecution of those offenders and offenses, which plan—
    (i) shall include—
    (I) the use of the best practices developed under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (c);
    (II) the development of plans and protocols to target and rapidly investigate cases involving potential serious offenders or the identification and rescue of a victim of a contact sexual offense, a child sexual exploitation offense, or an offense involving child sexual abuse material;
    (III) the use of training and technical assistance programs to incorporate victim-centered, trauma-informed practices in cases involving victims of contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, and offenses involving child sexual abuse material, which may include the use of child protective services, children’s advocacy centers, victim support specialists, or other supportive services;
    (IV) the development of plans to track, report, and clearly communicate successful cases of victim identification and child rescue to the Department of Justice and the public;
    (V) an analysis of the investigative and forensic capacity of law enforcement agencies and prosecutor’s offices within the district, and goals for improving capacity and effectiveness;
    (VI) a written policy describing the criteria for referrals for prosecution from Federal, State, or local law enforcement agencies, particularly when the investigation may involve a potential serious offender or the identification or rescue of a child victim;
    (VII) plans and budgets for training of relevant personnel on contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, and offenses involving child sexual abuse material;
    (VIII) plans for coordination and cooperation with State, local, and Tribal law enforcement agencies and prosecutorial offices; and
    (IX) evidence-based programs that educate the public about and increase awareness of such offenses; and
    (ii) shall be developed in consultation, as appropriate, with—
    (I) the local ICAC task force;
    (II) the United States Marshals Service Sex Offender Targeting Center;
    (III) training and technical assistance providers under the ICAC Task Force Program who are funded by the Attorney General;
    (IV) nongovernmental organizations with subject matter expertise, technical skill, or technological tools to assist in the identification of and response to contact sexual offenses, child sexual exploitation offenses, or offenses involving child sexual abuse material;
    (V) any relevant component of Homeland Security Investigations;
    (VI) any relevant component of the Federal Bureau of Investigation;
    (VII) the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention of the Department of Justice;
    (VIII) the Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section of the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice;
    (IX) the United States Postal Inspection Service;
    (X) the United States Secret Service; and
    (XI) each military criminal investigation organization of the Department of Defense; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(d)(1)(C)(i)(VI)
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    (VI) a written policy describing the criteria for referrals for prosecution from Federal, State, or local law enforcement agencies, particularly when the investigation may involve a potential serious offender or the identification or rescue of a child victim;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(d)(1)(C)(i)(VIII)
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    (VIII) plans for coordination and cooperation with State, local, and Tribal law enforcement agencies and prosecutorial offices; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20942(f)(2)
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    (2) Amounts made available to State and local agencies, programs, and services under this section shall supplement, and not supplant, other Federal, State, or local funds made available for those agencies, programs, and services.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20944(a)(1)
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    (1) expand training efforts with Federal, State, and local law enforcement officers and prosecutors to effectively respond to the threat to children and the public posed by sex offenders who use the Internet and technology to solicit or otherwise exploit children;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20944(a)(3)
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    (3) host national conferences to train Federal, State, and local law enforcement officers, probation and parole officers, and prosecutors regarding pro-active approaches to monitoring sex offender activity on the Internet;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20945(c)(3)
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    (3) cooperate with and provide technical assistance to States, units of local government, tribal governments, and other public and private entities involved in activities related to sex offender registration or notification or to other measures for the protection of children or other members of the public from sexual abuse or exploitation; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20962(b)
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    (b) The Attorney General of the United States shall, upon request of the chief executive officer of a State, conduct fingerprint-based checks of the national crime information databases (as defined in section 534(f)(3)(A) of title 28) pursuant to a request submitted by—
    (1) a child welfare agency for the purpose of—
    (A) conducting a background check required under section 471(a)(20) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 671(a)(20)] on individuals under consideration as prospective foster or adoptive parents; or
    (B) an investigation relating to an incident of abuse or neglect of a minor; or
    (2) a private or public elementary school, a private or public secondary school, a local educational agency, or State educational agency in that State, on individuals employed by, under consideration for employment by, or otherwise in a position in which the individual would work with or around children in the school or agency.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20962(b)(2)
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    (2) a private or public elementary school, a private or public secondary school, a local educational agency, or State educational agency in that State, on individuals employed by, under consideration for employment by, or otherwise in a position in which the individual would work with or around children in the school or agency.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20962(c)
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    (c) Where possible, the check shall include a fingerprint-based check of State criminal history databases.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20962(d)
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    (d) The Attorney General and the States may charge any applicable fees for the checks.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20962(g)(1)
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    (1) the State or local agency responsible for administering the plan under part B or part E of title IV of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 620 et seq., 670 et seq.]; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20962(g)(2)
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    (2) any other public agency, or any other private agency under contract with the State or local agency responsible for administering the plan under part B or part E of title IV of the Social Security Act, that is responsible for the licensing or approval of foster or adoptive parents.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20962(h)
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    (h) In this section, the terms “elementary school”, “local educational agency”, “secondary school”, and “State educational agency” have the meanings given to those terms in section 7801 of title 20.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20971(c)(3)(A)
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    (A) Each civil commitment program for which funding is required under this section shall require the issuance of timely notice to a State official responsible for considering whether to pursue civil commitment proceedings upon the impending release of any person incarcerated by the State who—
    (i) has been convicted of a sexually violent offense; or
    (ii) has been deemed by the State to be at high risk for recommitting any sexual offense against a minor.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20971(c)(3)(A)(ii)
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    (ii) has been deemed by the State to be at high risk for recommitting any sexual offense against a minor.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20971(c)(3)(B)
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    (B) The program shall further require that upon receiving notice under subparagraph (A), the State official shall consider whether or not to pursue a civil commitment proceeding, or any equivalent proceeding required under State law.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20981(a)(1)(A)
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    (A) The Attorney General is authorized to award grants (referred to as “Jessica Lunsford and Sarah Lunde Grants”) to States, local governments, and Indian tribal governments to assist in—
    (i) carrying out programs to outfit sex offenders with electronic monitoring units; and
    (ii) the employment of law enforcement officials necessary to carry out such programs.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20981(a)(2)(A)
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    (A) Each State, local government, or Indian tribal government desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Attorney General at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20983(b)(3)
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    (3) purchase computer hardware and software necessary to investigate sexual abuse of children over the Internet, access local, State, and Federal databases needed to apprehend sex offenders, and facilitate the creation and enforcement of sex offender registries.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20984(a)
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    (a) The Attorney General shall establish and implement a program under which the Attorney General may make grants to States, units of local government, and Indian tribal governments in accordance with this section.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20984(b)
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    (b) A grant made to a State, unit of local government, or Indian tribal government under subsection (a) shall be distributed to law enforcement agencies within the jurisdiction of such State, unit, or tribal government to be used for any of the following activities:
    (1) To establish a voluntary fingerprinting program for children, which may include the taking of palm prints of children.
    (2) To hire additional law enforcement personnel, or train existing law enforcement personnel, to take fingerprints of children.
    (3) To provide information within the community involved about the existence of such a fingerprinting program.
    (4) To provide for computer hardware, computer software, or other materials necessary to carry out such a fingerprinting program.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20984(c)(2)
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    (2) may not be copied or retained by any Federal, State, local, or tribal law enforcement officer unless written permission is given by the parent or guardian.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20985(a)(7)
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    (7) Due in part to the combined efforts of law enforcement officials at the local, State, and Federal level, as well as the efforts of the Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network (RAINN) and its affiliated rape crisis centers across the United States, sexual violence in America has fallen by more than half since 1994.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20985(a)(10)
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    (10) More than 1,100 local rape crisis centers in the 50 States and the District of Columbia partner with RAINN and are members of the National Sexual Assault Hotline network (which has helped more than 970,000 people since its inception in 1994).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20985(b)(2)(E)
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    (E) provision of technical assistance to law enforcement agencies, State and local governments, the criminal justice system, public and private nonprofit agencies, and individuals in the investigation and prosecution of cases involving victims of sexual assault.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20986(b)
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    (b) The Attorney General, in consultation with the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, is authorized to develop and carry out a public awareness campaign to demonstrate, explain, and encourage parents and community leaders to better access and utilize the Federal and State sex offender registries.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20987(a)
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    (a) The Attorney General shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, make grants to States, units of local government, and nonprofit organizations for the purposes of establishing and maintaining programs with respect to improving and educating children and parents in the best ways for children to be safe when on the Internet.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20987(b)
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    (b) For purposes of this section, the term “State” means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20988(b)
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    (b) Under the Program, the Attorney General is authorized to award grants to State,1 local governments, and Indian tribal governments to assist in carrying out programs requiring an appropriate official to verify, at appropriate intervals, the residence of all or some registered sex offenders.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20988(c)(1)
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    (1) Each State or local government seeking a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Attorney General at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20989(b)
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    (b) The United States Marshals Service shall establish, direct, and coordinate a program (to be known as the “Fugitive Safe Surrender Program”), under which the United States Marshals Service shall apprehend Federal, State, and local fugitives in a safe, secure, and peaceful manner to be coordinated with law enforcement and community leaders in designated cities throughout the United States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20989(d)
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    (d) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit any existing authority under any other provision of Federal or State law for law enforcement agencies to locate or apprehend fugitives through task forces or any other means.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20990(b)(1)
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    (1) The information in the registry described in subsection (a) shall be supplied by States and Indian tribes, or, at the option of a State, by political subdivisions of such State, to the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20990(b)(2)
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    (2) The registry described in subsection (a) shall collect in a central electronic registry information on persons reported to a State, Indian tribe, or political subdivision of a State as perpetrators of a substantiated case of child abuse or neglect.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20990(c)(1)(B)
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    (B) If a State, Indian tribe, or political subdivision of a State has an electronic register of cases of child abuse or neglect equivalent to the registry established under this section that it maintains pursuant to a requirement or authorization under any other provision of law, the information provided to the Secretary of Health and Human Services under this section shall be coextensive with that in such register.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20990(d)
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    (d) This section shall not be construed to require a State, Indian tribe, or political subdivision of a State to modify—
    (1) an equivalent register of cases of child abuse or neglect that it maintains pursuant to a requirement or authorization under any other provision of law; or
    (2) any other record relating to child abuse or neglect, regardless of whether the report of abuse or neglect was substantiated, unsubstantiated, or determined to be unfounded.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20990(e)
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    (e) Information contained in the national registry shall only be accessible to any Federal, State, Indian tribe, or local government entity, or any agent of such entities, that has a need for such information in order to carry out its responsibilities under law to protect children from child abuse and neglect.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 20990(g)(1)(B)
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    (B) data collection standards currently employed by each State, Indian tribe, or political subdivision of a State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21111(c)(3)(B)
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    (B) engagement with the judicial branches of the Federal Government and State governments;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21111(c)(3)(D)
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    (D) cooperation with international, State, local, and Tribal law enforcement agencies; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21111(c)(4)(B)
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    (B) a description of the efforts of the Department of Justice to cooperate and coordinate with, and provide technical assistance and support to, international, State, local, and Tribal law enforcement agencies and private sector and nonprofit entities with respect to child exploitation prevention and interdiction efforts.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21111(c)(6)(D)
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    (D) an assessment of the Federal, State, and local cooperation with respect to each ICAC task force, including—
    (i) the number of arrests made by each ICAC task force;
    (ii) the number of criminal referrals to United States attorneys for prosecution;
    (iii) the number of prosecutions and convictions from the referrals described in clause (ii);
    (iv) the number, if available, of local prosecutions and convictions based on ICAC task force investigations; and
    (v) any other information determined by the Attorney General demonstrating the level of Federal, State, Tribal, and local coordination and cooperation.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21111(c)(6)(D)(v)
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    (v) any other information determined by the Attorney General demonstrating the level of Federal, State, Tribal, and local coordination and cooperation.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21112(a)(1)
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    (1) There is established within the Department of Justice, under the general authority of the Attorney General, a National Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force Program (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as the “ICAC Task Force Program”), which shall consist of a national program of State, Tribal, military, and local law enforcement task forces dedicated to developing effective responses to online enticement of children by sexual predators, child exploitation, child obscenity and pornography cases, and the identification of child victims.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21112(a)(2)
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    (2) It is the purpose and intent of Congress that the ICAC Task Force Program established under paragraph (1) is intended to continue the ICAC Task Force Program authorized under title I of the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998, and funded under title IV of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 [34 U.S.C. 11291 et seq.].
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21112(b)(1)
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    (1) The ICAC Task Force Program established under subsection (a) shall include at least 1 ICAC task force in each State.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21112(b)(3)(B)
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    (B) have the discretion to establish a new or continue an existing task force if the Attorney General determines that such decision will enhance the effectiveness of combating child exploitation provided that the Attorney General notifies Congress in advance of any such decision and that each State maintains at least 1 ICAC task force at all times.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21112(c)(1)
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    (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a civil claim or criminal charge against an ICAC task force established pursuant to this section and sections 21113 and 21114 of this title, including any law enforcement agency that participates on such a task force or a director, officer, employee, or agent of such a law enforcement agency, arising from the prioritization decisions with respect to leads related to Internet crimes against children described in section 21114(8) of this title, may not be brought in any Federal or State court.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21112(c)(3)(B)
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    (B) expand any liability otherwise imposed, or limit any defense to that liability, otherwise available under Federal or State law.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21113
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    The ICAC Task Force Program, and each State or local ICAC task force that is part of the national program of task forces, shall be dedicated toward—
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21113(1)
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    (1) increasing the investigative capabilities of State and local law enforcement officers in the detection, investigation, and apprehension of Internet crimes against children offenses or offenders, including technology-facilitated child exploitation offenses, and the identification of child victims of those crimes;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21113(3)
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    (3) providing training and technical assistance to ICAC task forces and other Federal, State, Tribal, military, and local law enforcement agencies, including probation and parole agencies, child advocacy centers, and child protective services, in the areas of investigations, forensics, prosecution, community outreach, and capacity-building, using recognized experts to assist in the development and delivery of training programs;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21113(4)
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    (4) increasing the number of Internet crimes against children offenses being investigated and prosecuted in both Federal and State courts;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21113(5)
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    (5) creating a multiagency task force response to Internet crimes against children offenses within each State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21113(7)
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    (7) enhancing nationwide responses to Internet crimes against children offenses, including assisting other ICAC task forces, as well as other Federal, State, and local agencies with Internet crimes against children investigations and prosecutions;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21114
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    Each State or local ICAC task force that is part of the national program of task forces shall—
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21114(1)
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    (1) consist of State and local investigators, prosecutors, forensic specialists, and education specialists who are dedicated to addressing the goals of such task force;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21114(5)
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    (5) develop multijurisdictional, multiagency responses and partnerships to Internet crimes against children offenses through ongoing informational, administrative, and technological support to other State and local law enforcement agencies, as a means for such agencies to acquire the necessary knowledge, personnel, and specialized equipment to investigate and prosecute such offenses;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21114(10)
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    (10) seek to comply with national standards regarding the investigation and prosecution of Internet crimes against children, as set forth by the Attorney General, to the extent such standards are consistent with the law of the State where the task force is located.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21115(c)
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    (c) The National Internet Crimes Against Children Data System established under subsection (a) shall be dedicated to assisting and supporting credentialed law enforcement agencies authorized to investigate child exploitation in accordance with Federal, State, local, and tribal laws, including by providing assistance and support to—
    (1) Federal agencies investigating and prosecuting child exploitation;
    (2) the ICAC Task Force Program established under section 21112 of this title;
    (3) State, local, and tribal agencies investigating and prosecuting child exploitation; and
    (4) foreign or international law enforcement agencies, subject to approval by the Attorney General.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21115(c)(3)
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    (3) State, local, and tribal agencies investigating and prosecuting child exploitation; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21115(d)(3)(A)
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    (A) allow Federal, State, local, and tribal agencies and ICAC task forces investigating and prosecuting child exploitation to contribute and access data for use in resolving case conflicts;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21115(e)(2)
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    (2) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit the ability of participating law enforcement agencies to disseminate investigative leads or statistical information in accordance with State and local laws.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21115(f)(1)
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    (1) a secure, online system for Federal law enforcement agencies, ICAC task forces, and other State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies for use in resolving case conflicts, as provided in subsection (d);
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21115(f)(2)
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    (2) a secure system enabling online communication and collaboration by Federal law enforcement agencies, ICAC task forces, and other State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies regarding ongoing investigations, investigatory techniques, best practices, and any other relevant news and professional information;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21115(f)(3)
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    (3) a secure online data storage and analysis system for use by Federal law enforcement agencies, ICAC task forces, and other State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21115(f)(4)
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    (4) secure connections or interaction with State and local law enforcement computer networks, consistent with reasonable and established security protocols and guidelines;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21115(f)(5)
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    (5) guidelines for use of the National Internet Crimes Against Children Data System by Federal, State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies and ICAC task forces; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21115(f)(6)
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    (6) training and technical assistance on the use of the National Internet Crimes Against Children Data System by Federal, State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies and ICAC task forces.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21116(a)(1)
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    (1) The Attorney General is authorized to award grants to State and local ICAC task forces to assist in carrying out the duties and functions described under section 21114 of this title.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21116(a)(2)(B)(i)
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    (i) ensure that each State or local ICAC task force shall, at a minimum, receive an amount equal to 0.5 percent of the funds available to award or otherwise distribute grants under subparagraph (A); and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21116(a)(2)(B)(ii)(I)
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    (I) The population of each State, as determined by the most recent decennial census performed by the Bureau of the Census.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21116(a)(2)(B)(ii)(III)
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    (III) The number of criminal cases related to Internet crimes against children referred to a task force for Federal, State, or local prosecution.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21116(a)(3)(B)
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    (B) A State or local ICAC task force shall contribute matching non-Federal funds in an amount equal to not less than 25 percent of the amount of funds received by the State or local ICAC task force under subparagraph (A). A State or local ICAC task force that is not able or willing to contribute matching funds in accordance with this subparagraph shall not be eligible for funds under subparagraph (A).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21116(a)(3)(C)
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    (C) The Attorney General may waive, in whole or in part, the matching requirement under subparagraph (B) if the State or local ICAC task force demonstrates good cause or financial hardship.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21116(b)(1)
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    (1) Each State or local ICAC task force seeking a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Attorney General at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21116(d)(1)
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    (1) To measure the results of the activities funded by grants under this section, and to assist the Attorney General in complying with the Government Performance and Results Act (Public Law 103–62; 107 Stat. 285), each State or local ICAC task force receiving a grant under this section shall, on an annual basis, submit a report to the Attorney General that sets forth the following:
    (A) Staffing levels of the task force, including the number of investigators, prosecutors, education specialists, and forensic specialists dedicated to investigating and prosecuting Internet crimes against children.
    (B) Investigation and prosecution performance measures of the task force, including—
    (i) the number of investigations initiated related to Internet crimes against children;
    (ii) the number of arrests related to Internet crimes against children;
    (iii) the number of prosecutions for Internet crimes against children; and
    (iv) the number of child victims identified.
    (C) The number of referrals made by the task force to the United States Attorneys office, including whether the referral was accepted by the United States Attorney.
    (D) The number of investigative technical assistance sessions that the task force provided to nonmember law enforcement agencies.
    (E) The number of computer forensic examinations that the task force completed.
    (F) The number of law enforcement agencies participating in Internet crimes against children program standards established by the task force.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21116(d)(2)(B)
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    (B) the number of Federal and State investigations, prosecutions, and convictions in the prior 12-month period related to child exploitation.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21301(2)(B)
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    (B) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to require a State, in order to receive an increase in the amount provided to the State under the covered formula grants under this chapter, to have in place a law that terminates any obligation of a person who fathered a child through rape to support the child.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21302(5)
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    (5) The clear and convincing evidence standard is the most common standard for termination of parental rights among the 50 States, territories, and the District of Columbia.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21302(7)
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    (7) Currently only 10 States have statutes allowing rape survivors to petition for the termination of parental rights of the rapist based on clear and convincing evidence that the child was conceived through rape.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21303
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    The Attorney General shall increase the amount provided to a State under the covered formula grants in accordance with this chapter if the State has in place a law that allows the mother of any child that was conceived through rape to seek court-ordered termination of the parental rights of her rapist with regard to that child, which the court is authorized to grant upon clear and convincing evidence of rape.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21304
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    A State seeking an increase in the amount provided to the State under the covered formula grants shall include in the application of the State for each covered formula grant such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require, including information about the law described in section 21303 of this title.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21305
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    The amount of the increase provided to a State under the covered formula grants under this chapter shall be equal to not more than 10 percent of the average of the total amount of funding provided to the State under the covered formula grants under the 3 most recent awards to the State.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21306(a)
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    (a) The Attorney General shall provide an increase in the amount provided to a State under the covered formula grants under this chapter for a 2-year period.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21306(b)
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    (b) The Attorney General may not provide an increase in the amount provided to a State under the covered formula grants under this chapter more than 4 times.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21307
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    The Attorney General shall allocate an increase in the amount provided to a State under the covered formula grants under this chapter such that—
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21501(1)
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    (1) Megan Nicole Kanka, who was 7 years old, was abducted, sexually assaulted, and murdered in 1994, in the State of New Jersey by a violent predator living across the street from her home. Unbeknownst to Megan Kanka and her family, he had been convicted previously of a sex offense against a child.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21501(2)
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    (2) In 1996, Congress adopted Megan’s Law (Public Law 104–145) as a means to encourage States to protect children by identifying the whereabouts of sex offenders and providing the means to monitor their activities.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21502(6)(A)
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    (A) a State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21503(b)(2)(B)
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    (B) share all relevant information relating to the individual with other Federal, State, and local agencies and entities, as appropriate.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21504(a)(2)
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    (2) share information relating to traveling sex offenders with other Federal, State, local, and foreign agencies and entities, as appropriate;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21711(b)(2)(A)
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    (A) In creating or compiling replication guides and training materials under paragraph (1)(B), the Elder Justice Coordinator shall consult with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, State, local, and Tribal adult protective services, aging, social, and human services agencies, Federal, State, local, and Tribal law enforcement agencies, and nationally recognized nonprofit associations with relevant expertise, as appropriate.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21711(c)(1)(B)
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    (B) serving as, or ensuring the availability of, a central point of contact for individuals, units of local government, States, and other Federal agencies on matters relating to the enforcement and consumer education efforts and policy activities of the Federal Trade Commission on elder justice issues.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21721(a)
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    (a) The Attorney General, in consultation with Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies, shall—
    (1) establish best practices for data collection to focus on elder abuse; and
    (2) provide technical assistance to State, local, and tribal governments in adopting the best practices established under paragraph (1).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21721(a)(2)
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    (2) provide technical assistance to State, local, and tribal governments in adopting the best practices established under paragraph (1).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21722(a)(2)(B)
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    (B) recommendations for collecting additional data relating to elder abuse, including recommendations for ways to improve data reporting across Federal, State, and local agencies.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21741
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    The Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of Health and Human Services and in coordination with the Elder Justice Coordinating Council (established under section 1397k of title 42), shall create, compile, evaluate, and disseminate materials and information, and provide the necessary training and technical assistance, to assist States and units of local government in—
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21742(a)
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    (a) The consent of Congress is given to any two or more States (acting through State agencies with jurisdiction over adult protective services) to enter into agreements or compacts for cooperative effort and mutual assistance—
    (1) in promoting the safety and well-being of elders; and
    (2) in enforcing their respective laws and policies to promote such safety and well-being.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21742(b)
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    (b) The Executive Director of the State Justice Institute, in consultation with State or local adult protective services, aging, social, and human services and law enforcement agencies, nationally recognized nonprofit associations with expertise in data sharing among criminal justice agencies and familiarity with the issues raised in elder abuse cases, and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall submit to Congress legislative proposals relating to the facilitation of interstate agreements and compacts.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21901(7)(A)
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    (A) is older than the age for which an alert may be issued through the AMBER Alert communications network in the State or territory of an Indian Tribe in which the individual is identified as a missing individual;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21901(7)(C)
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    (C) meets the requirements to be designated as a missing adult, as determined by the State in which, or the Indian Tribe in the territory of which, the individual is identified as a missing individual.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21901(8)
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    (8) The term “State” means each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21902(a)
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    (a) The Attorney General shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, establish a national communications network within the Office of Justice Programs of the Department of Justice to provide assistance to regional and local search efforts for missing adults through the initiation, facilitation, and promotion of local elements of the network, in coordination with States, Indian Tribes, units of local government, law enforcement agencies, and other concerned entities with expertise in providing services to adults.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(b)(1)
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    (1) work with States and Indian Tribes to encourage the development of additional Ashanti Alert plans in the network;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(b)(2)
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    (2) establish voluntary guidelines for States and Indian Tribes to use in developing Ashanti Alert plans that will promote compatible and integrated Ashanti Alert plans throughout the United States, including—
    (A) a list of the resources necessary to establish an Ashanti Alert plan;
    (B) criteria for evaluating whether a situation warrants issuing an Ashanti Alert, taking into consideration the need for the use of Ashanti Alerts to be limited in scope because the effectiveness of the Ashanti Alert communications network may be affected by overuse, including criteria to determine—
    (i) whether the mental capacity of an adult who is missing, and the circumstances of his or her disappearance, including any history of domestic violence, sexual assault, child abuse, or human trafficking, warrant the issuance of an Ashanti Alert; and
    (ii) whether the individual who reports that an adult is missing is an appropriate and credible source on which to base the issuance of an Ashanti Alert;
    (C) a description of the appropriate uses of the Ashanti Alert name to readily identify the nature of search efforts for missing adults; and
    (D) recommendations on how to protect the privacy, dignity, independence, autonomy, and safety of any missing adult who may be the subject of an Ashanti Alert;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(b)(4)
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    (4) work with States and Indian Tribes to ensure appropriate regional coordination of various elements of the network;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(b)(5)
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    (5) establish an advisory group to assist States, Indian Tribes, units of local government, law enforcement agencies, and other entities involved in the Ashanti Alert communications network with initiating, facilitating, and promoting Ashanti Alert plans, which shall include—
    (A) to the maximum extent practicable, representation from the various geographic regions of the United States; and
    (B) members who are—
    (i) representatives of adult citizen advocacy groups, law enforcement agencies, victim service providers (as defined in section 12291(a) of this title), and public safety communications;
    (ii) broadcasters, first responders, dispatchers, and radio station personnel; and
    (iii) representatives of any other individuals or organizations that the Coordinator determines are necessary to the success of the Ashanti Alert communications network; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(c)(2)
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    (2) The Coordinator shall consult with local broadcasters and State, Tribal, and local law enforcement agencies in establishing minimum standards under section 21904 of this title and in carrying out other activities under this chapter, as appropriate.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(d)(1)(B)
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    (B) the effectiveness and status of the Ashanti Alert plan of each State or Indian Tribe that has established or is in the process of establishing such a plan.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(d)(2)(A)
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    (A) a list of each State or Indian Tribe that has established an Ashanti Alert plan;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(d)(2)(B)
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    (B) a list of each State or Indian Tribe that is in the process of establishing an Ashanti Alert plan;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(d)(2)(C)
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    (C) for each State or Indian Tribe that has established an Ashanti Alert plan, to the extent the data is available—
    (i) the number of Ashanti Alerts issued;
    (ii) the number of missing adults located successfully;
    (iii) the average period of time between the issuance of an Ashanti Alert and the location of the missing adult for whom the Alert was issued;
    (iv) the State or Tribal agency or authority issuing Ashanti Alerts, and the process by which Ashanti Alerts are disseminated;
    (v) the cost of establishing and operating the Ashanti Alert plan;
    (vi) the criteria used by the State or Indian Tribe to determine whether to issue an Ashanti Alert; and
    (vii) the extent to which missing adults for whom Ashanti Alerts were issued crossed State lines or territorial borders of an Indian Tribe;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(d)(2)(C)(iv)
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    (iv) the State or Tribal agency or authority issuing Ashanti Alerts, and the process by which Ashanti Alerts are disseminated;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(d)(2)(C)(vi)
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    (vi) the criteria used by the State or Indian Tribe to determine whether to issue an Ashanti Alert; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(d)(2)(C)(vii)
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    (vii) the extent to which missing adults for whom Ashanti Alerts were issued crossed State lines or territorial borders of an Indian Tribe;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(d)(2)(D)
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    (D) actions States and Indian Tribes have taken to protect the privacy and dignity of the missing adults for whom Ashanti Alerts are issued;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21903(d)(2)(E)
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    (E) ways that States and Indian Tribes have facilitated and improved communication about missing adults between families, caregivers, law enforcement officials, and other authorities; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21904(b)(1)
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    (1) The minimum standards established under subsection (a) shall, to the maximum extent practicable (as determined by the Coordinator in consultation with State, Tribal, and local law enforcement agencies), provide for the dissemination of appropriate information relating to the special needs of a missing adult (including health care needs) to the appropriate law enforcement, public health, and other public officials.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21904(b)(2)
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    (2) The minimum standards established under subsection (a) shall, to the maximum extent practicable (as determined by the Coordinator in consultation with State, Tribal, and local law enforcement agencies), provide that the dissemination of an alert through the Ashanti Alert communications network shall be limited to the geographic areas that the missing adult could reasonably reach, considering—
    (A) the circumstances and physical and mental condition of the missing adult;
    (B) the modes of transportation available to the missing adult; and
    (C) the circumstances of the disappearance.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21904(b)(4)(A)
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    (A) ensure that alerts issued through the Ashanti Alert communications network comply with all applicable Federal, State, Tribal, and local privacy laws and regulations;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21904(b)(5)
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    (5) In establishing minimum standards under subsection (a), the Coordinator may not interfere with the system of voluntary coordination between local broadcasters and State, Tribal, and local law enforcement agencies for purposes of regional and local search efforts for missing adults that was in effect on the day before December 31, 2018.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 21906
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    The Coordinator shall make available to States, Indian Tribes, units of local government, law enforcement agencies, and other concerned entities that are involved in initiating, facilitating, or promoting Ashanti Alert plans, including broadcasters, first responders, dispatchers, public safety communications personnel, and radio station personnel—