US Codex
U.S.C.
Notes

§11103. Definitions — Inbound Citations

34 U.S.C. § 11103

Cited by 2237 provisions in release 119-102.

Citations to §11103(1)

Citations to §11103(2)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(a)(1)
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    (1) The Administrator shall develop objectives, priorities, and a long-term plan to improve the juvenile justice system in the United States, taking into account scientific knowledge regarding adolescent development and behavior and regarding the effects of delinquency prevention programs and juvenile justice interventions on adolescents, and shall implement overall policy and a strategy to carry out such plan, for all Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities relating to prevention, diversion, training, treatment, rehabilitation, evaluation, and research. In carrying out the functions of the Administrator, the Administrator shall consult with the Council.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(a)(2)(A)(ii)
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    (ii) provide for coordinating the administration programs and activities under this subchapter with the administration of all other Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities, including proposals for joint funding to be coordinated by the Administrator.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(b)(3)
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    (3) conduct and support evaluations and studies of the performance and results achieved by Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(b)(4)
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    (4) implement Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities among Federal departments and agencies and between Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities and other Federal programs and activities which the Administrator determines may have an important bearing on the success of the entire Federal juvenile delinquency effort;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(c)
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    (c) The Administrator may require, through appropriate authority, Federal departments and agencies engaged in any activity involving any Federal juvenile delinquency program to provide the Administrator with such information as may be appropriate to prevent the duplication of efforts, and to coordinate activities, related to the prevention of juvenile delinquency.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11115
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    Notwithstanding any other provision of law, where funds are made available by more than one Federal agency to be used by any agency, organization, institution, or individual to carry out a Federal juvenile delinquency program or activity, any one of the Federal agencies providing funds may be requested by the Administrator to act for all in administering the funds advanced whenever the Administrator finds the program or activity to be exceptionally effective or for which the Administrator finds exceptional need. In such cases, a single non-Federal share requirement may be established according to the proportion of funds advanced by each Federal agency, and the Administrator may order any such agency to waive any technical grant or contract requirement (as defined in such regulations) which is inconsistent with the similar requirement of the administering agency or which the administering agency does not impose.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(c)(1)
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    (1) The function of the Council shall be to coordinate all Federal juvenile delinquency programs (in cooperation with State and local juvenile justice programs) all Federal programs and activities that detain or care for unaccompanied juveniles, and all Federal programs relating to missing and exploited children. The Council shall examine how the separate programs can be coordinated among Federal, State, and local governments to better serve at-risk children and juveniles and shall make recommendations to the President, and to the Congress, at least annually with respect to the coordination of overall policy and development of objectives and priorities for all Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities and all Federal programs and activities that detain or care for unaccompanied juveniles. The Council shall review the programs and practices of Federal agencies and report on the degree to which Federal agency funds are used for purposes which are consistent or inconsistent with the mandates of the core requirements. The Council shall review, and make recommendations with respect to, any joint funding proposal undertaken by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and any agency represented on the Council. The Council shall review the reasons why Federal agencies take juveniles into custody and shall make recommendations regarding how to improve Federal practices and facilities for holding juveniles in custody.

Citations to §11103(3)

Citations to §11103(4)(A)

Citations to §11103(4)(B)

Citations to §11103(4)(C)

Citations to §11103(4)(D)

Citations to §11103(5)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 10224
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    The Attorney General, the Assistant Attorney General, the Director of the National Institute of Justice, the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance may delegate to any of their respective officers or employees such functions under this chapter as they deem appropriate.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10230(e)
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    (e) There is hereby established within the Bureau of Justice Assistance a revolving fund for the purpose of supporting projects that will acquire stolen goods and property in an effort to disrupt illicit commerce in such goods and property. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any income or royalties generated from such projects together with income generated from any sale or use of such goods or property, where such goods or property are not claimed by their lawful owner, shall be paid into the revolving fund. Where a party establishes a legal right to such goods or property, the Administrator of the fund may in his discretion assert a claim against the property or goods in the amount of Federal funds used to purchase such goods or property. Proceeds from such claims shall be paid into the revolving fund. The Administrator is authorized to make disbursements by appropriate means, including grants, from the fund for the purpose of this section.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10232
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    The Director of the National Institute of Justice and the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics shall work closely with the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention in developing and implementing programs in the juvenile justice and delinquency prevention field.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10284(14)(C)(ii)
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    (ii) are determined by the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency to be hazardous duties;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10534(f)(3)
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    (3) The head of a Federal agency who donates body armor under this subsection shall submit to the Administrator of General Services a written notice identifying the amount of body armor donated and each State or local law enforcement agency that received the body armor.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10534(f)(4)(A)(i)
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    (i) The Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10541(a)(1)
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    (1) All orders, determinations, rules, regulations, and instructions of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration which are in effect on December 27, 1979, shall continue in effect according to their terms until modified, terminated, superseded, set aside, or revoked by the President or the Attorney General, the Office of Justice Assistance, Research, and Statistics or the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, or the Administrator of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration with respect to their functions under this chapter or by operation of law.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10541(a)(2)
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    (2) All orders, determinations, rules, regulations, and instructions issued under this chapter which are in effect on October 12, 1984, shall continue in effect according to their terms until modified, terminated, superseded, set aside, or revoked by the President, the Attorney General, the Assistant Attorney General, the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the Director of the National Institute of Justice, the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, or the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance with respect to their functions under this chapter or by operation of law.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10541(d)
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    (d) The Administrator of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration may award new grants, enter into new contracts or cooperative agreements, approve comprehensive plans for the fiscal year beginning October 1, 1979, and otherwise obligate previously appropriated unused or reversionary funds or funds appropriated for the fiscal year beginning October 1, 1979, for the continuation of projects in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, as in effect on the day before December 27, 1979, or for purposes consistent with provisions of this chapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10541(g)
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    (g) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the personnel employed on December 27, 1979, by the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration are transferred as appropriate to the Office of Justice Assistance, Research, and Statistics, the National Institute of Justice or the Bureau of Justice Statistics, considering the function to be performed by these organizational units and the functions previously performed by the employee. Determinations as to specific positions to be filled in an acting capacity for a period of not more than ninety days by the Administrator and Deputy Administrators employed on December 27, 1979, may be made by the Attorney General notwithstanding any other provision of law.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11111(b)
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    (b) The Office shall be headed by an Administrator (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as the “Administrator”) appointed by the President from among individuals who have had experience in juvenile justice programs. The Administrator is authorized to prescribe regulations consistent with this chapter to award, administer, modify, extend, terminate, monitor, evaluate, reject, or deny all grants and contracts from, and applications for, funds made available under this subchapter. The Administrator shall have the same reporting relationship with the Attorney General as the directors of other offices and bureaus within the Office of Justice Programs have.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11111(c)
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    (c) There shall be in the Office a Deputy Administrator who shall be appointed by the Attorney General. The Deputy Administrator shall perform such functions as the Administrator may from time to time assign or delegate and shall act as the Administrator during the absence or disability of the Administrator.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11112(a)
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    (a) The Administrator is authorized to select, employ, and fix the compensation of such officers and employees, including attorneys, as are necessary to perform the functions vested in the Administrator and to prescribe their functions.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11112(b)
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    (b) The Administrator is authorized to select, appoint, and employ not to exceed three officers and to fix their compensation at rates not to exceed the rate now or hereafter payable under section 5376 of title 5.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11112(c)
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    (c) Upon the request of the Administrator, the head of any Federal agency is authorized to detail, on a reimbursable basis, any of its personnel to the Administrator to assist the Administrator in carrying out the functions of the Administrator under this subchapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11112(d)
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    (d) The Administrator may obtain services as authorized by section 3109 of title 5, at rates not to exceed the rate now or hereafter payable under section 5376 of title 5.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11113
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    The Administrator is authorized to accept and employ, in carrying out the provisions of this chapter, voluntary and uncompensated services notwithstanding the provisions of section 1342 of title 31.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(a)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) The Administrator shall develop objectives, priorities, and a long-term plan to improve the juvenile justice system in the United States, taking into account scientific knowledge regarding adolescent development and behavior and regarding the effects of delinquency prevention programs and juvenile justice interventions on adolescents, and shall implement overall policy and a strategy to carry out such plan, for all Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities relating to prevention, diversion, training, treatment, rehabilitation, evaluation, and research. In carrying out the functions of the Administrator, the Administrator shall consult with the Council.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(a)(2)(A)(ii)
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    (ii) provide for coordinating the administration programs and activities under this subchapter with the administration of all other Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities, including proposals for joint funding to be coordinated by the Administrator.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(a)(2)(B)
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    (B) The Administrator shall review the plan described in paragraph (1) annually, revise the plan as the Administrator considers appropriate, and publish the plan in the Federal Register during the 30-day period ending on October 1 of each year.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(b)
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    (b) In carrying out the purposes of this chapter, the Administrator shall—
    (1) advise the President through the Attorney General as to all matters relating to federally assisted juvenile delinquency programs and Federal policies regarding juvenile delinquency;
    (2) assist operating agencies which have direct responsibilities for the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency in the development and promulgation of regulations, guidelines, requirements, criteria, standards, procedures, and budget requests in accordance with the policies, priorities, and objectives the Administrator establishes;
    (3) conduct and support evaluations and studies of the performance and results achieved by Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities;
    (4) implement Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities among Federal departments and agencies and between Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities and other Federal programs and activities which the Administrator determines may have an important bearing on the success of the entire Federal juvenile delinquency effort;
    (5) not later than 1 year after December 21, 2018, in consultation with Indian Tribes, develop a policy for the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention to collaborate with representatives of Indian Tribes with a criminal justice function on the implementation of the provisions of this chapter relating to Indian Tribes;
    (A) develop for each fiscal year, and publish annually in the Federal Register for public comment, a proposed comprehensive plan describing the particular activities which the Administrator intends to carry out under parts D and E in such fiscal year, specifying in detail those activities designed to satisfy the requirements of parts D and E; and
    (B) taking into consideration comments received during the 45-day period beginning on the date the proposed plan is published, develop and publish a final plan, before December 31 of such fiscal year, describing the particular activities which the Administrator intends to carry out under parts D and E in such fiscal year, specifying in detail those activities designed to satisfy the requirements of parts D and E; and
    (7) provide for the auditing of systems required under section 11133(a)(14) of this title for monitoring compliance.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(b)(2)
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    (2) assist operating agencies which have direct responsibilities for the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency in the development and promulgation of regulations, guidelines, requirements, criteria, standards, procedures, and budget requests in accordance with the policies, priorities, and objectives the Administrator establishes;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(b)(4)
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    (4) implement Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities among Federal departments and agencies and between Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities and other Federal programs and activities which the Administrator determines may have an important bearing on the success of the entire Federal juvenile delinquency effort;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(b)(6)(A)
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    (A) develop for each fiscal year, and publish annually in the Federal Register for public comment, a proposed comprehensive plan describing the particular activities which the Administrator intends to carry out under parts D and E in such fiscal year, specifying in detail those activities designed to satisfy the requirements of parts D and E; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(b)(6)(B)
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    (B) taking into consideration comments received during the 45-day period beginning on the date the proposed plan is published, develop and publish a final plan, before December 31 of such fiscal year, describing the particular activities which the Administrator intends to carry out under parts D and E in such fiscal year, specifying in detail those activities designed to satisfy the requirements of parts D and E; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(c)
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    (c) The Administrator may require, through appropriate authority, Federal departments and agencies engaged in any activity involving any Federal juvenile delinquency program to provide the Administrator with such information as may be appropriate to prevent the duplication of efforts, and to coordinate activities, related to the prevention of juvenile delinquency.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(d)
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    (d) The Administrator shall have the sole authority to delegate any of the functions of the Administrator under this chapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(e)
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    (e) The Administrator is authorized to utilize the services and facilities of any agency of the Federal Government and of any other public agency or institution in accordance with appropriate agreements, and to pay for such services either in advance or by way of reimbursement as may be agreed upon.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(f)
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    (f) All functions of the Administrator under this subchapter shall be coordinated as appropriate with the functions of the Secretary of Health and Human Services under subchapter III of this chapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11115
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    Notwithstanding any other provision of law, where funds are made available by more than one Federal agency to be used by any agency, organization, institution, or individual to carry out a Federal juvenile delinquency program or activity, any one of the Federal agencies providing funds may be requested by the Administrator to act for all in administering the funds advanced whenever the Administrator finds the program or activity to be exceptionally effective or for which the Administrator finds exceptional need. In such cases, a single non-Federal share requirement may be established according to the proportion of funds advanced by each Federal agency, and the Administrator may order any such agency to waive any technical grant or contract requirement (as defined in such regulations) which is inconsistent with the similar requirement of the administering agency or which the administering agency does not impose.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(a)(1)
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    (1) There is hereby established, as an independent organization in the executive branch of the Federal Government a Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention composed of the Attorney General, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Education, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation for National and Community Service, the Assistant Secretary for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, such other officers of Federal agencies who hold significant decisionmaking authority as the President may designate, and individuals appointed under paragraph (2).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(b)
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    (b) The Attorney General shall serve as Chairman of the Council. The Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention shall serve as Vice Chairman of the Council. The Vice Chairman shall act as Chairman in the absence of the Chairman.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(e)
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    (e) The Administrator shall, with the approval of the Council, appoint such personnel or staff support as the Administrator considers necessary to carry out the purposes of this subchapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11117
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    Not later than 180 days after the end of each fiscal year, the Administrator shall submit to the President, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the President pro tempore of the Senate a report that contains the following with respect to such fiscal year:
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11117(5)
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    (5) A description of the criteria used to determine what programs qualify as evidence-based and promising programs under this subchapter and subchapter V and a comprehensive list of those programs the Administrator has determined meet such criteria in both rural and urban areas.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11131(a)
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    (a) The Administrator is authorized to make grants to States and units of local government or combinations thereof to assist them in planning, establishing, operating, coordinating, and evaluating projects directly or through grants and contracts with public and private agencies for the development of more effective education, training, research, prevention, diversion, treatment, and rehabilitation programs in the area of juvenile delinquency and programs to improve the juvenile justice system.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11131(b)(1)
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    (1) With not to exceed 5 percent of the funds available in a fiscal year to carry out this part, the Administrator shall make grants to and enter into contracts with public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals to provide technical assistance to States, units of general local governments1 (and combinations thereof), and local private agencies to facilitate compliance with section 11133 of this title and implementation of the State plan approved under section 11133(c) of this title.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)
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    (a) In order to receive formula grants under this part, a State shall submit a plan for carrying out its purposes applicable to a 3-year period. Such plan shall be amended annually to include new programs, projects, and activities. The State shall submit annual performance reports to the Administrator which shall describe progress in implementing programs contained in the original plan, and shall describe how the State plan is supported by or takes account of scientific knowledge regarding adolescent development and behavior and regarding the effects of delinquency prevention programs and juvenile justice interventions on adolescents. Not later than 60 days after the date on which a plan or amended plan submitted under this subsection is finalized, a State shall make the plan or amended plan publicly available by posting the plan or amended plan on the State’s publicly available website. In accordance with regulations which the Administrator shall prescribe, such plan shall—
    (1) designate the State agency as designated by the chief executive officer of the State as the sole agency for supervising the preparation and administration of the plan;
    (2) contain satisfactory evidence that the State agency designated in accordance with paragraph (1) has or will have authority, by legislation if necessary, to implement such plan in conformity with this part;
    (3) provide for an advisory group that—
    (A) shall consist of not less than 15 and not more than 33 members appointed by the chief executive officer of the State—
    (i) which members have training, experience, or special knowledge concerning adolescent development, the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency, the administration of juvenile justice, or the reduction of juvenile delinquency;
    (ii) which members include—
    (I) at least 1 locally elected official representing general purpose local government;
    (II) representatives of law enforcement and juvenile justice agencies, including juvenile and family court judges, prosecutors, counsel for children and youth, and probation workers;
    (III) representatives of public agencies concerned with delinquency prevention or treatment, such as welfare, social services, child and adolescent mental health, education, child and adolescent substance abuse, special education, services for youth with disabilities, recreation, and youth services;
    (IV) representatives of private nonprofit organizations, including persons with a special focus on preserving and strengthening families, parent groups and parent self-help groups, youth development, delinquency prevention and treatment, neglected or dependent children, the quality of juvenile justice, education, and social services for children;
    (V) volunteers who work with delinquent youth or youth at risk of delinquency;
    (VI) representatives of programs that are alternatives to incarceration, including programs providing organized recreation activities;
    (VII) persons with special experience and competence in addressing problems related to school violence and vandalism and alternatives to suspension and expulsion;
    (VIII) persons, licensed or certified by the applicable State, with expertise and competence in preventing and addressing mental health and substance abuse needs in delinquent youth and youth at risk of delinquency;
    (IX) representatives of victim or witness advocacy groups, including at least one individual with expertise in addressing the challenges of sexual abuse and exploitation and trauma, particularly the needs of youth who experience disproportionate levels of sexual abuse, exploitation, and trauma before entering the juvenile justice system; and
    (X) for a State in which one or more Indian Tribes are located, an Indian tribal representative (if such representative is available) or other individual with significant expertise in tribal law enforcement and juvenile justice in Indian tribal communities;
    (iii) a majority of which members (including the chairperson) shall not be full-time employees of the Federal, State, or local government;
    (iv) at least one-fifth of which members shall be under the age of 28 at the time of initial appointment; and
    (v) at least 3 members who have been or are currently under the jurisdiction of the juvenile justice system or, if not feasible and in appropriate circumstances, who is the parent or guardian of someone who has been or is currently under the jurisdiction of the juvenile justice system;
    (B) shall participate in the development and review of the State’s juvenile justice plan prior to submission to the supervisory board for final action;
    (C) shall be afforded the opportunity to review and comment, not later than 45 days after their submission to the advisory group, on all juvenile justice and delinquency prevention grant applications submitted to the State agency designated under paragraph (1);
    (D) shall, consistent with this subchapter—
    (i) advise the State agency designated under paragraph (1) and its supervisory board;
    (ii) submit to the chief executive officer and the legislature of the State at least every 2 years a report and necessary recommendations regarding State compliance with the core requirements; and
    (iii) contact and seek regular input from juveniles currently under the jurisdiction of the juvenile justice system; and
    (E) may, consistent with this subchapter—
    (i) advise on State supervisory board and local criminal justice advisory board composition; and
    (ii) review progress and accomplishments of projects funded under the State plan;
    (4) provide for the active consultation with and participation of units of local government or combinations thereof in the development of a State plan which adequately takes into account the needs and requests of units of local government, except that nothing in the plan requirements, or any regulations promulgated to carry out such requirements, shall be construed to prohibit or impede the State from making grants to, or entering into contracts with, local private agencies or the advisory group;
    (5) unless the provisions of this paragraph are waived at the discretion of the Administrator for any State in which the services for delinquent or other youth are organized primarily on a statewide basis, provide that at least 66⅔ per centum of funds received by the State under section 11132 of this title reduced by the percentage (if any) specified by the State under the authority of paragraph (25) and excluding funds made available to the State advisory group under section 11132(d) of this title, shall be expended—
    (A) through programs of units of local government or combinations thereof, to the extent such programs are consistent with the State plan;
    (B) through programs of local private agencies, to the extent such programs are consistent with the State plan, except that direct funding of any local private agency by a State shall be permitted only if such agency requests such funding after it has applied for and been denied funding by any unit of local government or combination thereof; and
    (C) to provide funds for programs of Indian Tribes that agree to attempt to comply with the core requirements applicable to the detention and confinement of juveniles, an amount that bears the same ratio to the aggregate amount to be expended through programs referred to in subparagraphs (A) and (B) as the population under 18 years of age in the geographical areas in which such tribes perform such functions bears to the State population under 18 years of age,1
    (6) provide for an equitable distribution of the assistance received under section 11132 of this title within the State, including in rural areas;
    (A) provide for an analysis of juvenile delinquency problems in, and the juvenile delinquency control and delinquency prevention needs (including educational needs) of, the State (including any geographical area in which an Indian tribe has jurisdiction), a description of the services to be provided, and a description of performance goals and priorities, including a specific statement of the manner in which programs are expected to meet the identified juvenile crime problems (including the joining of gangs that commit crimes) and juvenile justice and delinquency prevention needs (including educational needs) of the State; and
    (B) contain—
    (i) an analysis of gender-specific services for the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency, including the types of such services available and the need for such services;
    (ii) a plan for providing needed gender-specific services for the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency;
    (iii) a plan for providing needed services for the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency in rural areas;
    (iv) a plan to provide alternatives to detention for status offenders, survivors of commercial sexual exploitation, and others, where appropriate, such as specialized or problem-solving courts or diversion to home-based or community-based services or treatment for those youth in need of mental health, substance abuse, or co-occurring disorder services at the time such juveniles first come into contact with the juvenile justice system;
    (v) a plan to reduce the number of children housed in secure detention and corrections facilities who are awaiting placement in residential treatment programs;
    (vi) a plan to engage family members, where appropriate, in the design and delivery of juvenile delinquency prevention and treatment services, particularly post-placement;
    (vii) a plan to use community-based services to respond to the needs of at-risk youth or youth who have come into contact with the juvenile justice system;
    (viii) a plan to promote evidence-based and trauma-informed programs and practices; and
    (ix) not later than 1 year after December 21, 2018, a plan which shall be implemented not later than 2 years after December 21, 2018, to—
    (I) eliminate the use of restraints of known pregnant juveniles housed in secure juvenile detention and correction facilities, during labor, delivery, and post-partum recovery, unless credible, reasonable grounds exist to believe the detainee presents an immediate and serious threat of hurting herself, staff, or others; and
    (II) eliminate the use of abdominal restraints, leg and ankle restraints, wrist restraints behind the back, and four-point restraints on known pregnant juveniles, unless—
    (aa) credible, reasonable grounds exist to believe the detainee presents an immediate and serious threat of hurting herself, staff, or others; or
    (bb) reasonable grounds exist to believe the detainee presents an immediate and credible risk of escape that cannot be reasonably minimized through any other method;
    (8) provide for the coordination and maximum utilization of evidence-based and promising juvenile delinquency programs, programs operated by public and private agencies and organizations, and other related programs (such as education, special education, recreation, health, and welfare programs) in the State;
    (9) provide that not less than 75 percent of the funds available to the State under section 11132 of this title, other than funds made available to the State advisory group under section 11132(d) of this title, whether expended directly by the State, by the unit of local government, or by a combination thereof, or through grants and contracts with public or private nonprofit agencies, shall be used for, with priority in funding given to entities meeting the criteria for evidence-based or promising programs—
    (A) community-based alternatives (including home-based alternatives) to incarceration and institutionalization including—
    (i) for status offenders and other youth who need temporary placement: crisis intervention, shelter, and after-care;
    (ii) for youth who need residential placement: a continuum of foster care or group home alternatives that provide access to a comprehensive array of services; and
    (iii) for youth who need specialized intensive and comprehensive services that address the unique issues encountered by youth when they become involved with gangs;
    (B) community-based programs and services to work with—
    (i) status offenders, other youth, and the parents and other family members of such offenders and youth to strengthen families, including parent self-help groups, so that juveniles may remain in their homes;
    (ii) juveniles during their incarceration, and with their families, to ensure the safe return of such juveniles to their homes and to strengthen the families; and
    (iii) parents with limited English-speaking ability, particularly in areas where there is a large population of families with limited-English speaking ability;
    (C) comprehensive juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs that meet the needs of youth through the collaboration of the many local systems before which a youth may appear, including schools, courts, law enforcement agencies, child protection agencies, mental health agencies, welfare services, health care agencies, and private nonprofit agencies offering youth services;
    (D) programs that provide treatment to juvenile offenders who are victims of child abuse or neglect, and to their families, in order to reduce the likelihood that such juvenile offenders will commit subsequent violations of law;
    (E) educational programs or supportive services for at-risk or delinquent youth or other juveniles—
    (i) to encourage juveniles to remain in elementary and secondary schools or in alternative learning situations, including for truancy prevention and reduction;
    (ii) to provide services to assist juveniles in making the transition to the world of work and self-sufficiency; and
    (iii) enhance2 coordination with the local schools that such juveniles would otherwise attend, to ensure that—
    (I) the instruction that juveniles receive outside school is closely aligned with the instruction provided in school; and
    (II) information regarding any learning problems identified in such alternative learning situations are communicated to the schools;
    (F) programs to expand the use of probation officers—
    (i) particularly for the purpose of permitting nonviolent juvenile offenders (including status offenders) to remain at home with their families as an alternative to incarceration or institutionalization; and
    (ii) to ensure that juveniles follow the terms of their probation;
    (G) programs—
    (i) to ensure youth have access to appropriate legal representation; and
    (ii) to expand access to publicly supported, court-appointed legal counsel who are trained to represent juveniles in adjudication proceedings,
    except that the State may not use more than 2 percent of the funds received under section 11132 of this title for these purposes;
    (H) counseling, training, and mentoring programs, which may be in support of academic tutoring, vocational and technical training, and drug and violence prevention counseling, that are designed to link at-risk juveniles, juvenile offenders, or juveniles who have a parent or legal guardian who is or was incarcerated in a Federal, State, tribal, or local correctional facility or who is otherwise under the jurisdiction of a Federal, State, tribal, or local criminal justice system, particularly juveniles residing in low-income and high-crime areas and juveniles experiencing educational failure, with responsible individuals (such as law enforcement officials, Department of Defense personnel, individuals working with local businesses, and individuals working with community-based and faith-based organizations and agencies) who are properly screened and trained;
    (I) programs designed to develop and implement projects relating to juvenile delinquency and learning disabilities, including on-the-job training programs to assist community services, law enforcement, and juvenile justice personnel to more effectively recognize and provide for learning disabled and other juveniles with disabilities;
    (J) projects designed both to deter involvement in illegal activities and to promote involvement in lawful activities on the part of gangs whose membership is substantially composed of youth;
    (K) programs and projects designed to provide for the treatment of youths’ dependence on or abuse of alcohol or other addictive or nonaddictive drugs;
    (L) programs for positive youth development that assist delinquent and other at-risk youth in obtaining—
    (i) a sense of safety and structure;
    (ii) a sense of belonging and membership;
    (iii) a sense of self-worth and social contribution;
    (iv) a sense of independence and control over one’s life; and
    (v) a sense of closeness in interpersonal relationships;
    (M) programs that, in recognition of varying degrees of the seriousness of delinquent behavior and the corresponding gradations in the responses of the juvenile justice system in response to that behavior, are designed to—
    (i) encourage courts to develop and implement a continuum of pre-adjudication and post-adjudication alternatives that bridge the gap between traditional probation and confinement in a correctional setting (including specialized or problem-solving courts, expanded use of probation, mediation, restitution, community service, treatment, home detention, intensive supervision, electronic monitoring, and similar programs, and secure community-based treatment facilities linked to other support services such as health, mental health, education (remedial and special), job training, and recreation); and
    (ii) assist in the provision of information and technical assistance, including technology transfer, in the design and utilization of risk assessment mechanisms to aid juvenile justice personnel in determining appropriate sanctions for delinquent behavior;
    (N) community-based programs and services to work with juveniles, their parents, and other family members during and after incarceration in order to strengthen families and reduce the risk of recidivism;
    (O) programs (including referral to literacy programs and social service programs) to assist families with limited English-speaking ability that include delinquent juveniles to overcome language and other barriers that may prevent the complete treatment of such juveniles and the preservation of their families;
    (P) programs designed to prevent and to reduce hate crimes committed by juveniles;
    (Q) after-school programs that provide at-risk juveniles and juveniles in the juvenile justice system with a range of age-appropriate activities, including tutoring, mentoring, and other educational and enrichment activities;
    (R) community-based programs that provide follow-up post-placement services to adjudicated juveniles, to promote successful reintegration into the community;
    (S) projects designed to develop and implement programs to protect the rights of juveniles affected by the juvenile justice system;
    (T) programs designed to provide mental health or co-occurring disorder services for court-involved or incarcerated juveniles in need of such services, including assessment, development of individualized treatment plans, provision of treatment, and development of discharge plans;
    (U) programs and projects designed—
    (i) to inform juveniles of the opportunity and process for sealing and expunging juvenile records; and
    (ii) to assist juveniles in pursuing juvenile record sealing and expungements for both adjudications and arrests not followed by adjudications;
    except that the State may not use more than 2 percent of the funds received under section 11132 of this title for these purposes;
    (V) programs that address the needs of girls in or at risk of entering the juvenile justice system, including pregnant girls, young mothers, survivors of commercial sexual exploitation or domestic child sex trafficking, girls with disabilities, and girls of color, including girls who are members of an Indian Tribe; and
    (W) monitoring for compliance with the core requirements and providing training and technical assistance on the core requirements to secure facilities;
    (10) provide for the development of an adequate research, training, and evaluation capacity within the State;
    (A) in accordance with rules issued by the Administrator, provide that a juvenile shall not be placed in a secure detention facility or a secure correctional facility, if—
    (i) the juvenile is charged with or has committed an offense that would not be criminal if committed by an adult, excluding—
    (I) a juvenile who is charged with or has committed a violation of section 922(x)(2) of title 18 or of a similar State law;
    (II) a juvenile who is charged with or has committed a violation of a valid court order issued and reviewed in accordance with paragraph (23); and
    (III) a juvenile who is held in accordance with the Interstate Compact on Juveniles as enacted by the State; or
    (ii) the juvenile—
    (I) is not charged with any offense; and
    (aa) is an alien; or
    (bb) is alleged to be dependent, neglected, or abused; and
    (B) require that—
    (i) not later than 3 years after December 21, 2018, unless a court finds, after a hearing and in writing, that it is in the interest of justice, juveniles awaiting trial or other legal process who are treated as adults for purposes of prosecution in criminal court and housed in a secure facility—
    (I) shall not have sight or sound contact with adult inmates; and
    (II) except as provided in paragraph (13), may not be held in any jail or lockup for adults;
    (ii) in determining under clause (i) whether it is in the interest of justice to permit a juvenile to be held in any jail or lockup for adults, or have sight or sound contact with adult inmates, a court shall consider—
    (I) the age of the juvenile;
    (II) the physical and mental maturity of the juvenile;
    (III) the present mental state of the juvenile, including whether the juvenile presents an imminent risk of harm to the juvenile;
    (IV) the nature and circumstances of the alleged offense;
    (V) the juvenile’s history of prior delinquent acts;
    (VI) the relative ability of the available adult and juvenile detention facilities to not only meet the specific needs of the juvenile but also to protect the safety of the public as well as other detained youth; and
    (VII) any other relevant factor; and
    (iii) if a court determines under clause (i) that it is in the interest of justice to permit a juvenile to be held in any jail or lockup for adults—
    (I) the court shall hold a hearing not less frequently than once every 30 days, or in the case of a rural jurisdiction, not less frequently than once every 45 days, to review whether it is still in the interest of justice to permit the juvenile to be so held or have such sight or sound contact; and
    (II) the juvenile shall not be held in any jail or lockup for adults, or permitted to have sight or sound contact with adult inmates, for more than 180 days, unless the court, in writing, determines there is good cause for an extension or the juvenile expressly waives this limitation;
    (12) provide that—
    (A) juveniles alleged to be or found to be delinquent or juveniles within the purview of paragraph (11) will not be detained or confined in any institution in which they have sight or sound contact with adult inmates; and
    (B) there is in effect in the State a policy that requires individuals who work with both such juveniles and such adult inmates, including in collocated facilities, have been trained and certified to work with juveniles;
    (13) provide that no juvenile will be detained or confined in any jail or lockup for adults except—
    (A) juveniles who are accused of nonstatus offenses and who are detained in such jail or lockup for a period not to exceed 6 hours—
    (i) for processing or release;
    (ii) while awaiting transfer to a juvenile facility; or
    (iii) in which period such juveniles make a court appearance;
    and only if such juveniles do not have sight or sound contact with adult inmates and only if there is in effect in the State a policy that requires individuals who work with both such juveniles and adult inmates in collocated facilities have been trained and certified to work with juveniles;
    (B) juveniles who are accused of nonstatus offenses, who are awaiting an initial court appearance that will occur within 48 hours after being taken into custody (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays), and who are detained in a jail or lockup—
    (i) in which—
    (I) such juveniles do not have sight or sound contact with adult inmates; and
    (II) there is in effect in the State a policy that requires individuals who work with both such juveniles and adults inmates in collocated facilities have been trained and certified to work with juveniles; and
    (ii) that—
    (I) is located outside a metropolitan statistical area (as defined by the Office of Management and Budget) and has no existing acceptable alternative placement available;
    (II) is located where conditions of distance to be traveled or the lack of highway, road, or transportation do not allow for court appearances within 48 hours (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays) so that a brief (not to exceed an additional 48 hours) delay is excusable; or
    (III) is located where conditions of safety exist (such as severe adverse, life-threatening weather conditions that do not allow for reasonably safe travel), in which case the time for an appearance may be delayed until 24 hours after the time that such conditions allow for reasonable safe travel;
    (14) provide for an effective system of monitoring jails, lock-ups, detention facilities, and correctional facilities to ensure that the core requirements are met, and for annual reporting of the results of such monitoring to the Administrator, except that such reporting requirements shall not apply in the case of a State which is in compliance with the other requirements of this paragraph, which is in compliance with the requirements in paragraphs (11) and (12), and which has enacted legislation which conforms to such requirements and which contains sufficient enforcement mechanisms to ensure that such legislation will be administered effectively;
    (15) implement policy, practice, and system improvement strategies at the State, territorial, local, and tribal levels, as applicable, to identify and reduce racial and ethnic disparities among youth who come into contact with the juvenile justice system, without establishing or requiring numerical standards or quotas, by—
    (A) establishing or designating existing coordinating bodies, composed of juvenile justice stakeholders, (including representatives of the educational system) at the State, local, or tribal levels, to advise efforts by States, units of local government, and Indian Tribes to reduce racial and ethnic disparities;
    (B) identifying and analyzing data on race and ethnicity at decision points in State, local, or tribal juvenile justice systems to determine which such points create racial and ethnic disparities among youth who come into contact with the juvenile justice system; and
    (C) developing and implementing a work plan that includes measurable objectives for policy, practice, or other system changes, based on the needs identified in the data collection and analysis under subparagraph (B);
    (16) provide assurance that youth in the juvenile justice system are treated equitably on the basis of gender, race, ethnicity, family income, and disability;
    (17) provide assurance that consideration will be given to and that assistance will be available for approaches designed to strengthen the families of delinquent and other youth to prevent juvenile delinquency (which approaches should include the involvement of grandparents or other extended family members when possible and appropriate and the provision of family counseling during the incarceration of juvenile family members and coordination of family services when appropriate and feasible);
    (18) provide for procedures to be established for protecting the rights of recipients of services and for assuring appropriate privacy with regard to records relating to such services provided to any individual under the State plan;
    (19) provide assurances that—
    (A) any assistance provided under this chapter will not cause the displacement (including a partial displacement, such as a reduction in the hours of nonovertime work, wages, or employment benefits) of any currently employed employee;
    (B) activities assisted under this chapter will not impair an existing collective bargaining relationship, contract for services, or collective bargaining agreement; and
    (C) no such activity that would be inconsistent with the terms of a collective bargaining agreement shall be undertaken without the written concurrence of the labor organization involved;
    (20) provide for such fiscal control and fund accounting procedures necessary to assure prudent use, proper disbursement, and accurate accounting of funds received under this subchapter;
    (21) provide reasonable assurance that Federal funds made available under this part for any period will be so used as to supplement and increase (but not supplant) the level of the State, local, tribal, and other non-Federal funds that would in the absence of such Federal funds be made available for the programs described in this part, and will in no event replace such State, local, tribal, and other non-Federal funds;
    (22) provide that the State agency designated under paragraph (1) will—
    (A) to the extent practicable give priority in funding to programs and activities that are based on rigorous, systematic, and objective research that is scientifically based;
    (B) from time to time, but not less than annually, review its plan and submit to the Administrator an analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of the programs and activities carried out under the plan, and any modifications in the plan, including the survey of State and local needs, that it considers necessary; and
    (C) not expend funds to carry out a program if the recipient of funds who carried out such program during the preceding 2-year period fails to demonstrate, before the expiration of such 2-year period, that such program achieved substantial success in achieving the goals specified in the application submitted by such recipient to the State agency;
    (23) provide that if a juvenile is taken into custody for violating a valid court order issued for committing a status offense—
    (A) an appropriate public agency shall be promptly notified that such status offender is held in custody for violating such order;
    (B) not later than 24 hours during which such status offender is so held, an authorized representative of such agency shall interview, in person, such status offender;
    (C) not later than 48 hours during which such status offender is so held—
    (i) such representative shall submit an assessment to the court that issued such order, regarding the immediate needs of such status offender;
    (ii) such court shall conduct a hearing to determine—
    (I) whether there is reasonable cause to believe that such status offender violated such order; and
    (II) the appropriate placement of such status offender pending disposition of the violation alleged; and
    (iii) if such court determines the status offender should be placed in a secure detention facility or correctional facility for violating such order—
    (I) the court shall issue a written order that—
    (aa) identifies the valid court order that has been violated;
    (bb) specifies the factual basis for determining that there is reasonable cause to believe that the status offender has violated such order;
    (cc) includes findings of fact to support a determination that there is no appropriate less restrictive alternative available to placing the status offender in such a facility, with due consideration to the best interest of the juvenile;
    (dd) specifies the length of time, not to exceed 7 days, that the status offender may remain in a secure detention facility or correctional facility, and includes a plan for the status offender’s release from such facility; and
    (ee) may not be renewed or extended; and
    (II) the court may not issue a second or subsequent order described in subclause (I) relating to a status offender unless the status offender violates a valid court order after the date on which the court issues an order described in subclause (I); and
    (D) there are procedures in place to ensure that any status offender held in a secure detention facility or correctional facility pursuant to a court order described in this paragraph does not remain in custody longer than 7 days or the length of time authorized by the court, whichever is shorter;
    (24) provide an assurance that if the State receives under section 11132 of this title for any fiscal year an amount that exceeds 105 percent of the amount the State received under such section for fiscal year 2000, all of such excess shall be expended through or for programs that are part of a comprehensive and coordinated community system of services;
    (25) specify a percentage (if any), not to exceed 5 percent, of funds received by the State under section 11132 of this title (other than funds made available to the State advisory group under section 11132(d) of this title) that the State will reserve for expenditure by the State to provide incentive grants to units of general local government that reduce the caseload of probation officers within such units;
    (26) provide that the State, to the maximum extent practicable, and in accordance with confidentiality concerns, will implement a system to ensure that if a juvenile is before a court in the juvenile justice system, public child welfare records (including child protective services records) relating to such juvenile that are on file in the geographical area under the jurisdiction of such court will be made known to such court, so as to provide for—
    (A) data in child abuse or neglect reports relating to juveniles entering the juvenile justice system with a prior reported history of arrest, court intake, probation and parole, juvenile detention, and corrections; and
    (B) a plan to use the data described in subparagraph (A) to provide necessary services for the treatment of such victims of child abuse or neglect;
    (27) provide assurances that juvenile offenders whose placement is funded through section 672 of title 42 receive the protections specified in section 671 of title 42, including a case plan and case plan review as defined in section 675 of title 42;
    (28) provide for the coordinated use of funds provided under this subchapter with other Federal and State funds directed at juvenile delinquency prevention and intervention programs;
    (29) describe the policies, procedures, and training in effect for the staff of juvenile State correctional facilities to eliminate the use of dangerous practices, unreasonable restraints, and unreasonable isolation, including by developing effective behavior management techniques;
    (30) describe—
    (A) the evidence-based methods that will be used to conduct mental health and substance abuse screening, assessment, referral, and treatment for juveniles who—
    (i) request a screening;
    (ii) show signs of needing a screening; or
    (iii) are held for a period of more than 24 hours in a secure facility that provides for an initial screening; and
    (B) how the State will seek, to the extent practicable, to provide or arrange for mental health and substance abuse disorder treatment for juveniles determined to be in need of such treatment;
    (31) describe how reentry planning by the State for juveniles will include—
    (A) a written case plan based on an assessment of needs that includes—
    (i) the pre-release and post-release plans for the juveniles;
    (ii) the living arrangement to which the juveniles are to be discharged; and
    (iii) any other plans developed for the juveniles based on an individualized assessment; and
    (B) review processes;
    (32) provide an assurance that the agency of the State receiving funds under this subchapter collaborates with the State educational agency receiving assistance under part A of title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.) to develop and implement a plan to ensure that, in order to support educational progress—
    (A) the student records of adjudicated juveniles, including electronic records if available, are transferred in a timely manner from the educational program in the juvenile detention or secure treatment facility to the educational or training program into which the juveniles will enroll;
    (B) the credits of adjudicated juveniles are transferred; and
    (C) adjudicated juveniles receive full or partial credit toward high school graduation for secondary school coursework satisfactorily completed before and during the period of time during which the juveniles are held in custody, regardless of the local educational agency or entity from which the credits were earned; and
    (33) describe policies and procedures to—
    (A) screen for, identify, and document in records of the State the identification of victims of domestic human trafficking, or those at risk of such trafficking, upon intake; and
    (B) divert youth described in subparagraph (A) to appropriate programs or services, to the extent practicable.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(5)
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    (5) unless the provisions of this paragraph are waived at the discretion of the Administrator for any State in which the services for delinquent or other youth are organized primarily on a statewide basis, provide that at least 66⅔ per centum of funds received by the State under section 11132 of this title reduced by the percentage (if any) specified by the State under the authority of paragraph (25) and excluding funds made available to the State advisory group under section 11132(d) of this title, shall be expended—
    (A) through programs of units of local government or combinations thereof, to the extent such programs are consistent with the State plan;
    (B) through programs of local private agencies, to the extent such programs are consistent with the State plan, except that direct funding of any local private agency by a State shall be permitted only if such agency requests such funding after it has applied for and been denied funding by any unit of local government or combination thereof; and
    (C) to provide funds for programs of Indian Tribes that agree to attempt to comply with the core requirements applicable to the detention and confinement of juveniles, an amount that bears the same ratio to the aggregate amount to be expended through programs referred to in subparagraphs (A) and (B) as the population under 18 years of age in the geographical areas in which such tribes perform such functions bears to the State population under 18 years of age,1
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(11)(A)
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    (A) in accordance with rules issued by the Administrator, provide that a juvenile shall not be placed in a secure detention facility or a secure correctional facility, if—
    (i) the juvenile is charged with or has committed an offense that would not be criminal if committed by an adult, excluding—
    (I) a juvenile who is charged with or has committed a violation of section 922(x)(2) of title 18 or of a similar State law;
    (II) a juvenile who is charged with or has committed a violation of a valid court order issued and reviewed in accordance with paragraph (23); and
    (III) a juvenile who is held in accordance with the Interstate Compact on Juveniles as enacted by the State; or
    (ii) the juvenile—
    (I) is not charged with any offense; and
    (aa) is an alien; or
    (bb) is alleged to be dependent, neglected, or abused; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(14)
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    (14) provide for an effective system of monitoring jails, lock-ups, detention facilities, and correctional facilities to ensure that the core requirements are met, and for annual reporting of the results of such monitoring to the Administrator, except that such reporting requirements shall not apply in the case of a State which is in compliance with the other requirements of this paragraph, which is in compliance with the requirements in paragraphs (11) and (12), and which has enacted legislation which conforms to such requirements and which contains sufficient enforcement mechanisms to ensure that such legislation will be administered effectively;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(22)(B)
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    (B) from time to time, but not less than annually, review its plan and submit to the Administrator an analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of the programs and activities carried out under the plan, and any modifications in the plan, including the survey of State and local needs, that it considers necessary; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(b)
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    (b) The State agency designated under subsection (a)(1), after receiving and considering the advice and recommendations of the advisory group referred to in subsection (a), shall approve the State plan and any modification thereof prior to submission to the Administrator.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(c)(1)(B)(ii)
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    (ii) the Administrator determines that the State—
    (I) has achieved substantial compliance with such applicable requirements with respect to which the State was not in compliance; and
    (II) has made, through appropriate executive or legislative action, an unequivocal commitment to achieving full compliance with such applicable requirements within a reasonable time.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(c)(2)(B)
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    (B) 50 percent of the unallocated funds shall be used by the Administrator to provide additional training and technical assistance to States for the purpose of promoting compliance with the core requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(d)
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    (d) In the event that any State chooses not to submit a plan, fails to submit a plan, or submits a plan or any modification thereof, which the Administrator, after reasonable notice and opportunity for hearing, in accordance with sections 10222 and 10223 of this title and 3785 of title 423, determines does not meet the requirements of this section, the Administrator shall endeavor to make that State’s allocation under the provisions of section 11132(a) of this title, excluding funds the Administrator shall make available to satisfy the requirement specified in section 11132(d) of this title, available to local public and private nonprofit agencies within such State for use in carrying out activities of the kinds described in the core requirements. The Administrator shall make funds which remain available after disbursements are made by the Administrator under the preceding sentence, and any other unobligated funds, available on an equitable basis and to those States that have achieved full compliance with the core requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(e)
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    (e) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Administrator shall establish appropriate administrative and supervisory board membership requirements for a State agency designated under subsection (a)(1) and permit the State advisory group appointed under subsection (a)(3) to operate as the supervisory board for such agency, at the discretion of the chief executive officer of the State.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(f)(1)
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    (1) The Administrator shall provide technical and financial assistance to an eligible organization composed of member representatives of the State advisory groups appointed under subsection (a)(3) to assist such organization to carry out the functions specified in paragraph (2).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(f)(2)(C)
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    (C) advising the Administrator with respect to particular functions or aspects of the work of the Office; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(g)(1)
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    (1) For each fiscal year, the Administrator shall make a determination regarding whether each State receiving a grant under this subchapter is in compliance or out of compliance with respect to each of the core requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(g)(2)
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    (2) The Administrator shall—
    (A) issue an annual public report—
    (i) describing any determination described in paragraph (1) made during the previous year, including a summary of the information on which the determination is based and the actions to be taken by the Administrator (including a description of any reduction imposed under subsection (c)); and
    (ii) for any such determination that a State is out of compliance with any of the core requirements, describing the basis for the determination; and
    (B) make the report described in subparagraph (A) available on a publicly available website.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(g)(2)(A)(i)
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    (i) describing any determination described in paragraph (1) made during the previous year, including a summary of the information on which the determination is based and the actions to be taken by the Administrator (including a description of any reduction imposed under subsection (c)); and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(g)(3)
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    (3) The Administrator may not—
    (A) determine that a State is “not out of compliance”, or issue any other determination not described in paragraph (1), with respect to any core requirement; or
    (B) otherwise fail to make the compliance determinations required under paragraph (1).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(a)(1)
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    (1) The Administrator shall—
    (A) annually publish a plan to identify the purposes and goals of all agreements carried out with funds provided under this subsection; and
    (B) conduct research or evaluation in juvenile justice matters, for the purpose of providing research and evaluation relating to—
    (i) the prevention, reduction, and control of juvenile delinquency and serious crime committed by juveniles;
    (ii) the link between juvenile delinquency and the incarceration of members of the families of juveniles;
    (iii) successful efforts to prevent status offenders and first-time minor offenders from subsequent involvement with the juvenile justice and criminal justice systems;
    (iv) successful efforts to prevent recidivism;
    (v) the juvenile justice system;
    (vi) juvenile violence;
    (vii) the prevalence and duration of behavioral health needs (including mental health, substance abuse, and co-occurring disorders) among juveniles pre-placement and post-placement in the juvenile justice system, including an examination of the effects of secure detention in a correctional facility;
    (viii) reducing the proportion of juveniles detained or confined in secure detention facilities, secure correctional facilities, jails, and lockups who are members of minority groups;
    (ix) training efforts and reforms that have produced reductions in or elimination of the use of dangerous practices;
    (x) methods to improve the recruitment, selection, training, and retention of professional personnel who are focused on the prevention, identification, and treatment of delinquency;
    (xi) methods to improve the identification and response to victims of domestic child sex trafficking within the juvenile justice system;
    (xii) identifying positive outcome measures, such as attainment of employment and educational degrees, that States and units of local government should use to evaluate the success of programs aimed at reducing recidivism of youth who have come in contact with the juvenile justice system or criminal justice system;
    (xiii) evaluating the impact and outcomes of the prosecution and sentencing of juveniles as adults;
    (xiv) successful and cost-effective efforts by States and units of local government to reduce recidivism through policies that provide for consideration of appropriate alternative sanctions to incarceration of youth facing nonviolent charges, while ensuring that public safety is preserved;
    (xvi) 1 evaluating services, treatment, and aftercare placement of juveniles who were under the care of the State child protection system before their placement in the juvenile justice system;
    (xvii) determining—
    (I) the frequency, seriousness, and incidence of drug use by youth in schools and communities in the States using, if appropriate, data submitted by the States pursuant to this subparagraph and subsection (b); and
    (II) the frequency, degree of harm, and morbidity of violent incidents, particularly firearm-related injuries and fatalities, by youth in schools and communities in the States, including information with respect to—
    (aa) the relationship between victims and perpetrators;
    (bb) demographic characteristics of victims and perpetrators; and
    (cc) the type of weapons used in incidents, as classified in the Uniform Crime Reports of the Federal Bureau of Investigation; and
    (xviii) other purposes consistent with the purposes of this subchapter and subchapter I.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(a)(2)
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    (2) The Administrator shall ensure that an equitable amount of funds available to carry out paragraph (1)(B) is used for research and evaluation relating to the prevention of juvenile delinquency.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(a)(4)
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    (4) Not later than 1 year after December 21, 2018, the Administrator shall conduct a study with respect to juveniles who, prior to placement in the juvenile justice system, were under the care or custody of the State child welfare system, and to juveniles who are unable to return to their family after completing their disposition in the juvenile justice system and who remain wards of the State in accordance with applicable confidentiality requirements. Such study shall include—
    (A) the number of juveniles in each category;
    (B) the extent to which State juvenile justice systems and child welfare systems are coordinating services and treatment for such juveniles;
    (C) the Federal and local sources of funds used for placements and post-placement services;
    (D) barriers faced by State2 and Indian Tribes in providing services to these juveniles;
    (E) the types of post-placement services used;
    (F) the frequency of case plans and case plan reviews;
    (G) the extent to which case plans identify and address permanency and placement barriers and treatment plans;
    (H) a description of the best practices in discharge planning; and
    (I) an assessment of living arrangements for juveniles who, upon release from confinement in a State correctional facility, cannot return to the residence they occupied prior to such confinement.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(b)
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    (b) The Administrator shall—
    (1) plan and identify the purposes and goals of all agreements carried out with funds provided under this subsection; and
    (2) undertake statistical work in juvenile justice matters, for the purpose of providing for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of statistical data and information relating to juvenile delinquency and serious crimes committed by juveniles, to the juvenile justice system, to juvenile violence, and to other purposes consistent with the purposes of this subchapter and subchapter I.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(c)
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    (c) The Administrator may make grants and enter into contracts with public or private agencies, organizations, or individuals and shall use a competitive process, established by rule by the Administrator, to carry out subsections (a) and (b).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(d)
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    (d) A Federal agency that makes an agreement under subsections (a)(1)(B) and (b)(2) with the Administrator may carry out such agreement directly or by making grants to or contracts with public and private agencies, institutions, and organizations.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(e)
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    (e) The Administrator may—
    (1) review reports and data relating to the juvenile justice system in the United States and in foreign nations (as appropriate), collect data and information from studies and research into all aspects of juvenile delinquency (including the causes, prevention, and treatment of juvenile delinquency) and serious crimes committed by juveniles;
    (2) establish and operate, directly or by contract, a clearinghouse and information center for the preparation, publication, and dissemination of information relating to juvenile delinquency, including State and local prevention and treatment programs, plans, resources, and training and technical assistance programs; and
    (3) make grants and contracts with public and private agencies, institutions, and organizations, for the purpose of disseminating information to representatives and personnel of public and private agencies, including practitioners in juvenile justice, law enforcement, the courts, corrections, schools, and related services, in the establishment, implementation, and operation of projects and activities for which financial assistance is provided under this subchapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(f)
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    (f) The Administrator, in accordance with applicable confidentiality requirements and in consultation with experts in the field of juvenile justice research, recidivism, and data collection, shall—
    (1) establish a uniform method of data collection and technology that States may use to evaluate data on juvenile recidivism on an annual basis;
    (2) establish a common national juvenile recidivism measurement system; and
    (3) make cumulative juvenile recidivism data that is collected from States available to the public.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(a)
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    (a) The Administrator—
    (1) shall develop and carry out projects for the purpose of training representatives and personnel of public and private agencies, including practitioners in juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts (including model juvenile and family courts), corrections, schools, and related services, to carry out the purposes specified in section 11102 of this title;
    (2) may make grants to and contracts with public and private agencies, institutions, and organizations for the purpose of training representatives and personnel of public and private agencies, including practitioners in juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts (including model juvenile and family courts), corrections, schools, and related services, to carry out the purposes specified in section 11102 of this title; and
    (3) shall provide periodic training for States regarding implementation of the core requirements, current protocols and best practices for achieving and monitoring compliance, and information sharing regarding relevant Office resources on evidence-based and promising programs or practices that promote the purposes of this chapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(b)
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    (b) The Administrator—
    (1) shall develop and implement projects for the purpose of providing technical assistance to representatives and personnel of public and private agencies and organizations, including practitioners in juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts (including model juvenile and family courts), corrections, schools, and related services, in the establishment, implementation, and operation of programs, projects, and activities for which financial assistance is provided under this subchapter, including compliance with the core requirements;
    (2) may make grants to and contracts with public and private agencies, institutions, and organizations, for the purpose of providing technical assistance to representatives and personnel of public and private agencies, including practitioners in juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts (including model juvenile and family courts), corrections, schools, and related services, in the establishment, implementation, and operation of programs, projects, and activities for which financial assistance is provided under this subchapter;
    (3) shall provide technical assistance to States and units of local government on achieving compliance with the amendments to the core requirements and State Plans made by the Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018, including training and technical assistance and, when appropriate, pilot or demonstration projects intended to develop and replicate best practices for achieving sight and sound separation in facilities or portions of facilities that are open and available to the general public and that may or may not contain a jail or a lock-up; and
    (4) shall provide technical assistance to States in support of efforts to establish partnerships between a State and a university, institution of higher education, or research center designed to improve the recruitment, selection, training, and retention of professional personnel in the fields of medicine, law enforcement, the judiciary, juvenile justice, social work and child protection, education, and other relevant fields who are engaged in, or intend to work in, the field of prevention, identification, and treatment of delinquency.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(c)
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    (c) The Administrator shall provide training and technical assistance to mental health professionals and law enforcement personnel (including public defenders, prosecutors, police officers, probation officers, judges, parole officials, and correctional officers) to address or to promote the development, testing, or demonstration of promising or innovative models (including model juvenile and family courts), programs, or delivery systems that address the needs of status offenders and juveniles who are alleged or adjudicated delinquent and who, as a result of such status, are placed in secure detention or confinement or in nonsecure residential placements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(d)
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    (d) In consultation with experts in the field of juvenile defense, the Administrator shall—
    (1) share best practices that may include sharing standards of practice developed by recognized entities in the profession, for attorneys representing children; and
    (2) provide a State, if it so requests, technical assistance to implement any of the best practices shared under paragraph (1).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(e)
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    (e) Based on the available research and State practices, the Administrator shall—
    (1) disseminate best practices for the treatment of status offenders with a focus on reduced recidivism, improved long-term outcomes, and limited usage of valid court orders to place status offenders in secure detention; and
    (2) provide a State, on request, technical assistance to implement any of the best practices shared under paragraph (1).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(f)
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    (f) The Administrator shall coordinate training and technical assistance programs with juvenile detention and corrections personnel of States and units of local government—
    (1) to promote methods for improving conditions of juvenile confinement, including methods that are designed to minimize the use of dangerous practices, unreasonable restraints, and isolation and methods responsive to cultural differences; and
    (2) to encourage alternative behavior management techniques based on positive youth development approaches that may include methods responsive to cultural differences.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(g)
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    (g) The Administrator shall provide training and technical assistance, in conjunction with the appropriate public agencies, to individuals involved in making decisions regarding the disposition and management of cases for youth who enter the juvenile justice system about the appropriate services and placement for youth with mental health or substance abuse needs, including—
    (1) juvenile justice intake personnel;
    (2) probation officers;
    (3) juvenile court judges and court services personnel;
    (4) prosecutors and court-appointed counsel; and
    (5) family members of juveniles and family advocates.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11171(a)
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    (a) The Administrator may make grants to and contracts with States, units of general local government, Indian tribal governments, public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals, or combinations thereof, to carry out projects for the development, testing, and demonstration of promising initiatives and programs for the prevention, control, or reduction of juvenile delinquency. The Administrator shall ensure that, to the extent reasonable and practicable, such grants are made to achieve an equitable geographical distribution of such projects throughout the United States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11172
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    The Administrator may make grants to and contracts with public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals to provide technical assistance to States, units of general local government, Indian tribal governments, local private entities or agencies, or any combination thereof, to carry out the projects for which grants are made under section 11171 of this title.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11173
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    To be eligible to receive a grant made under this part, a public or private agency, Indian tribal government, organization, institution, individual, or combination thereof shall submit an application to the Administrator at such time, in such form, and containing such information as the Administrator may reasonably require by rule.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11174
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    Recipients of grants made under this part shall submit to the Administrator such reports as may be reasonably requested by the Administrator to describe progress achieved in carrying out the projects for which such grants are made.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11182(a)
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    (a) The Office shall be administered by the Administrator under the general authority of the Attorney General.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11182(c)(1)
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    (1) any reference to the Attorney General, the Assistant Attorney General who heads the Office of Justice Programs, the Director of the National Institute of Justice, the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, or the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance shall be deemed to be a reference to the Administrator;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11182(d)(1)
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    (1) The Administrator is authorized to establish such rules, regulations, guidance, and procedures as are necessary for the exercise of the functions of the Office and only to the extent necessary to ensure that there is compliance with the specific requirements of this subchapter or to respond to requests for clarification and guidance relating to such compliance. In developing guidance and procedures, the Administrator shall consult with representatives of States and units of local government, including those individuals responsible for administration of this chapter and compliance with the core requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11182(d)(2)
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    (2) The Administrator shall ensure that—
    (A) reporting, compliance reporting, State plan requirements, and other similar documentation as may be required from States is requested in a manner that respects confidentiality, encourages efficiency and reduces the duplication of reporting efforts; and
    (B) States meeting all the core requirements are encouraged to experiment with offering innovative, data-driven programs designed to further improve the juvenile justice system.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11183
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    Whenever the Administrator, after giving reasonable notice and opportunity for hearing to a recipient of financial assistance under this subchapter, finds that—
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11184(a)(2)
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    (2) not more than 50 per centum of the cost of the construction of any innovative community-based facility for fewer than 20 persons which, in the judgment of the Administrator, is necessary to carry out this subchapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11185(a)
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    (a) Payments under this subchapter, pursuant to a grant or contract, may be made (after necessary adjustment, in the case of grants, on account of previously made overpayments or underpayments) in advance or by way of reimbursement, in such installments and on such conditions as the Administrator may determine.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11185(c)(1)
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    (1) In the case of a grant under this subchapter to an Indian tribe, if the Administrator determines that the tribe does not have sufficient funds available to meet the local share of the cost of any program or activity to be funded under the grant, the Administrator may increase the Federal share of the cost thereof to the extent the Administrator deems necessary.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11185(c)(2)
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    (2) If a State does not have an adequate forum to enforce grant provisions imposing any liability on Indian tribes, the Administrator may waive State liability attributable to the liability of such tribes and may pursue such legal remedies as are necessary.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11189
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    The Administrator may receive surplus Federal property (including facilities) and may lease such property to States and units of general local government for use in or as facilities for juvenile offenders, or for use in or as facilities for delinquency prevention and treatment activities.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11190
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    The Administrator shall issue rules to carry out this subchapter, including rules that establish procedures and methods for making grants and contracts, and distributing funds available, to carry out this subchapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11312
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    The Administrator shall—
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11313(b)
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    (b) The Administrator shall—
    (1) for each fiscal year for which less than $25,000,000 is appropriated under section 506,1 award grants to not fewer than 3 State entities, but not more than 5 State entities, that apply under subsection (c) and meet the requirements of subsection (d); or
    (2) for each fiscal year for which $25,000,000 or more is appropriated under section 506,1 award grants to not fewer than 5 State entities that apply under subsection (c) and meet the requirements of subsection (d).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11313(c)
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    (c) To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, a State entity shall submit an application to the Administrator that includes the following:
    (1) An assurance the State entity will use—
    (A) not more than 10 percent of such grant, in the aggregate—
    (i) for the costs incurred by the State entity to carry out this section, except that not more than 3 percent of such grant may be used for such costs; and
    (ii) to provide technical assistance to eligible entities receiving a subgrant under subsection (e) in carrying out delinquency prevention programs under the subgrant; and
    (B) the remainder of such grant to award subgrants to eligible entities under subsection (e).
    (2) An assurance that such grant will supplement, and not supplant, State and local efforts to prevent juvenile delinquency.
    (3) An assurance the State entity will evaluate the capacity of eligible entities receiving a subgrant under subsection (e) to fulfill the requirements under such subsection.
    (4) An assurance that such application was prepared after consultation with, and participation by, the State advisory group, units of local government, community-based organizations, and organizations that carry out programs, projects, or activities to prevent juvenile delinquency in the local juvenile justice system served by the State entity.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11313(d)
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    (d) In awarding grants under this section for a fiscal year, the Administrator may not award a grant to a State entity for a fiscal year unless—
    (A) the State that will be served by the State entity submitted a plan under section 11133 of this title for such fiscal year; and
    (B) such plan is approved by the Administrator for such fiscal year; or
    (2) after finding good cause for a waiver, the Administrator waives the plan required under subparagraph (A) for such State for such fiscal year.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11313(d)(1)(B)
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    (B) such plan is approved by the Administrator for such fiscal year; or
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11313(d)(2)
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    (2) after finding good cause for a waiver, the Administrator waives the plan required under subparagraph (A) for such State for such fiscal year.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11314(a)
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    (a) The Administrator shall make grants under this section, on a competitive basis, to eligible Indian Tribes (or consortia of Indian Tribes) as described in subsection (b)—
    (1) to support and enhance—
    (A) tribal juvenile delinquency prevention services; and
    (B) the ability of Indian Tribes to respond to, and care for, at-risk or delinquent youth upon release; and
    (2) to encourage accountability of Indian tribal governments with respect to preventing juvenile delinquency, and responding to, and caring for, juvenile offenders.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11314(b)
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    (b) To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, an Indian Tribe or consortium of Indian Tribes shall submit to the Administrator an application in such form as the Administrator may require.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11314(c)
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    (c) In providing grants under this section, the Administrator shall take into consideration, with respect to the Indian Tribe to be served, the—
    (1) juvenile delinquency rates;
    (2) school dropout rates; and
    (3) number of youth at risk of delinquency.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(1)(B)(i)
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    (i) Not later than 30 days after December 21, 2018, the Administrator shall initiate a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the internal controls of the agency to determine whether, and to what extent, States and Indian Tribes that receive grants under subchapters II and V are following the requirements of the grant programs authorized under subchapters II and V.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(1)(B)(ii)
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    (ii) Not later than 180 days after December 21, 2018, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report containing—
    (I) the findings of the analysis and evaluation conducted under clause (i);
    (II) a description of remedial actions, if any, that will be taken by the Administrator to enhance the internal controls of the agency and recoup funds that may have been expended in violation of law, regulations, or program requirements issued under subchapters II and V; and
    (III) a description of—
    (aa) the analysis conducted under clause (i);
    (bb) whether the funds awarded under subchapters II and V have been used in accordance with law, regulations, program guidance, and applicable plans; and
    (cc) the extent to which funds awarded to States and Indian Tribes under subchapters II and V enhanced the ability of grantees to fulfill the core requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(1)(B)(ii)(II)
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    (II) a description of remedial actions, if any, that will be taken by the Administrator to enhance the internal controls of the agency and recoup funds that may have been expended in violation of law, regulations, or program requirements issued under subchapters II and V; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(2)(E)
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    (E) In awarding grants under this chapter (excluding subchapter IV), the Administrator shall give priority to a State or Indian Tribe that did not have an unresolved audit finding during the 3 fiscal years prior to the date on which the State or Indian Tribe submits an application for a grant under this chapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(3)(B)
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    (B) The Administrator may not award a grant under any grant program described in this chapter (excluding subchapter IV) to a nonprofit organization that holds money in offshore accounts for the purpose of avoiding paying the tax described in section 511(a) of title 26.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(3)(C)(i)
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    (i) Each nonprofit organization that is awarded a grant under a grant program described in this chapter (excluding subchapter IV) and uses the procedures prescribed in regulations to create a rebuttable presumption of reasonableness for the compensation of its officers, directors, trustees, and key employees, shall disclose to the Administrator, in the application for the grant, the process for determining such compensation, including—
    (I) the independent persons involved in reviewing and approving such compensation;
    (II) the comparability data used; and
    (III) contemporaneous substantiation of the deliberation and decision.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(3)(C)(ii)
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    (ii) Upon request, the Administrator shall make the information disclosed under clause (i) available for public inspection.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(d)
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    (d) The Administrator shall comply with the Generally Accepted Government Auditing Standards, published by the General Accountability Office (commonly known as the “Yellow Book”), in the conduct of fiscal, compliance, and programmatic audits of States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12291(a)(6)(A)
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    (A) clerks, special masters, domestic relations officers, administrators, mediators, custody evaluators, guardians ad litem, lawyers, negotiators, probation, parole, interpreters, victim assistants, victim advocates, and judicial, administrative, or any other professionals or personnel similarly involved in the legal process;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12332(b)
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    (b) In conducting its study, the Attorney General shall consult persons expert in the collection of criminal justice data, State statistical administrators, law enforcement personnel, and nonprofit nongovernmental agencies that provide direct services to victims of domestic violence. The final report shall set forth the views of the persons consulted on the recommendations.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12512(d)(1)
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    (1) develop recommendations for improving the coordination of the dissemination and implementation of best practices and protocols regarding the care and treatment of sexual assault survivors and the preservation of evidence to hospital administrators, physicians, forensic examiners, and other medical associations and leaders in the medical community;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12512(d)(2)
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    (2) encourage, where appropriate, the adoption and implementation of best practices and protocols regarding the care and treatment of sexual assault survivors and the preservation of evidence among hospital administrators, physicians, forensic examiners, and other medical associations and leaders in the medical community;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12513(a)(2)(B)
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    (B) an administrator or personnel of a school, university, or other educational program or activity (including a campus police officer or a school resource officer); and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12621(a)(1)(C)
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    (C) provide prevention and response training and emergency protocols for school administrators, staff, and families or guardians of individuals with dementia, such as Alzheimer’s Disease, or developmental disabilities, such as autism, to help reduce the risk of wandering by such individuals; and

Citations to §11103(6)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 10231(b)
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    (b) All criminal history information collected, stored, or disseminated through support under this chapter shall contain, to the maximum extent feasible, disposition as well as arrest data where arrest data is included therein. The collection, storage, and dissemination of such information shall take place under procedures reasonably designed to insure that all such information is kept current therein; the Office of Justice Programs shall assure that the security and privacy of all information is adequately provided for and that information shall only be used for law enforcement and criminal justice and other lawful purposes. In addition, an individual who believes that criminal history information concerning him contained in an automated system is inaccurate, incomplete, or maintained in violation of this chapter, shall, upon satisfactory verification of his identity, be entitled to review such information and to obtain a copy of it for the purpose of challenge or correction.

Citations to §11103(7)

Citations to §11103(8)

Citations to §11103(9)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 10122(c)(2)(F)
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    (F) to develop programs and projects to improve and expand the capacity of States and units of local government and combinations of such units, to detect, investigate, prosecute, and otherwise combat and prevent white-collar crime and public corruption, to improve and expand cooperation among the Federal Government, States, and units of local government in order to enhance the overall criminal justice system response to white-collar crime and public corruption, and to foster the creation and implementation of a comprehensive national strategy to prevent and combat white-collar crime and public corruption.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10156(f)
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    (f) If the Attorney General determines, on the basis of information available during any grant period, that any allocation (or portion thereof) under this section to a State for such grant period will not be required, or that a State will be unable to qualify or receive funds under this part, or that a State chooses not to participate in the program established under this part, then such State’s allocation (or portion thereof) shall be awarded by the Attorney General to units of local government, or combinations thereof, within such State, giving priority to those jurisdictions with the highest annual number of part 1 violent crimes of the Uniform Crime Reports reported by the unit of local government to the Federal Bureau of Investigation for the three most recent calendar years for which such data are available.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10251(a)(5)
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    (5) “combination” as applied to States or units of local government means any grouping or joining together of such States or units for the purpose of preparing, developing, or implementing a criminal justice program, plan, or project;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10251(a)(6)
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    (6) “public agency” means any State, unit of local government, combination of such States or units, or any department, agency, or instrumentality of any of the foregoing;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10251(a)(27)
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    (27) the term “private person” means any individual (including an individual acting in his official capacity) and any private partnership, corporation, association, organization, or entity (or any combination thereof);
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10307(2)
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    (2) The term “program of education” means any curriculum or any combination of unit courses or subjects pursued at an eligible educational institution, which generally is accepted as necessary to fulfill requirements for the attainment of a predetermined and identified educational, professional, or vocational objective. It includes course work for the attainment of more than one objective if in addition to the previous requirements, all the objectives generally are recognized as reasonably related to a single career field.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10381(p)(1)
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    (1) In this subsection, the term “eligible entity” means a law enforcement agency in partnership with not less than 1 educational institution, which may include 1 or any combination of the following:
    (A) An elementary school.
    (B) A secondary school.
    (C) An institution of higher education.
    (D) A Hispanic-serving institution.
    (E) A historically Black college or university.
    (F) A Tribal college.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10479(a)(1)
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    (1) The Attorney General may award grants to States, units of local government, territories, Indian Tribes, nonprofit agencies, or any combination thereof, to develop, implement, or expand pretrial services programs to improve the identification and outcomes of individuals with mental illness.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10479(b)(1)
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    (1) The Attorney General may award grants to States, units of local government, territories, Indian Tribes, nonprofit agencies, or any combination thereof, to develop, implement, or expand a behavioral health screening and assessment program framework for State or local criminal justice systems.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10511
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    The Attorney General may make funds available under this subchapter to States and units of local government, or combinations thereof, to carry out all or a substantial part of a program or project intended to develop or improve the capability to analyze deoxyribonucleic acid (referred to in this subchapter as “DNA”) in a forensic laboratory.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10631(a)
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    (a) The Attorney General shall make grants to States, local governments, territories, or Indian tribes, or any combination thereof (in this section referred to as an “eligible entity”), in partnership with interested persons (including Federal corrections and supervision agencies), service providers, and nonprofit organizations for the purpose of strategic planning and implementation of adult and juvenile offender reentry projects.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10651(j)(1)
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    (1) The Attorney General may make grants to States, units of local government, territories, Indian Tribes, nonprofit agencies, or any combination thereof, to develop, implement, or expand Assertive Community Treatment initiatives to develop forensic assertive community treatment (referred to in this subsection as “FACT”) programs that provide high intensity services in the community for individuals with mental illness with involvement in the criminal justice system to prevent future incarcerations.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11131(a)
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    (a) The Administrator is authorized to make grants to States and units of local government or combinations thereof to assist them in planning, establishing, operating, coordinating, and evaluating projects directly or through grants and contracts with public and private agencies for the development of more effective education, training, research, prevention, diversion, treatment, and rehabilitation programs in the area of juvenile delinquency and programs to improve the juvenile justice system.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11131(b)(1)
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    (1) With not to exceed 5 percent of the funds available in a fiscal year to carry out this part, the Administrator shall make grants to and enter into contracts with public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals to provide technical assistance to States, units of general local governments1 (and combinations thereof), and local private agencies to facilitate compliance with section 11133 of this title and implementation of the State plan approved under section 11133(c) of this title.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11132(c)
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    (c) In accordance with regulations promulgated under this part, a portion of any allocation to any State under this part shall be available to develop a State plan or for other pre-award activities associated with such State plan, and to pay that portion of the expenditures which are necessary for effective and efficient administration of funds, including the designation of not less than one individual who shall coordinate efforts to achieve and sustain compliance with the core requirements and certify whether the State is in compliance with such requirements. Not more than 10 percent of the total annual allocation of such State shall be available for such purposes except that any amount expended or obligated by such State, or by units of local government or any combination thereof, from amounts made available under this subsection shall be matched (in an amount equal to any such amount so expended or obligated) by such State, or by such units or combinations, from State or local funds, as the case may be. The State shall make available needed funds for planning and administration to units of local government or combinations thereof within the State on an equitable basis.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(4)
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    (4) provide for the active consultation with and participation of units of local government or combinations thereof in the development of a State plan which adequately takes into account the needs and requests of units of local government, except that nothing in the plan requirements, or any regulations promulgated to carry out such requirements, shall be construed to prohibit or impede the State from making grants to, or entering into contracts with, local private agencies or the advisory group;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(5)(A)
    Go to provision →
    (A) through programs of units of local government or combinations thereof, to the extent such programs are consistent with the State plan;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(5)(B)
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    (B) through programs of local private agencies, to the extent such programs are consistent with the State plan, except that direct funding of any local private agency by a State shall be permitted only if such agency requests such funding after it has applied for and been denied funding by any unit of local government or combination thereof; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(9)
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    (9) provide that not less than 75 percent of the funds available to the State under section 11132 of this title, other than funds made available to the State advisory group under section 11132(d) of this title, whether expended directly by the State, by the unit of local government, or by a combination thereof, or through grants and contracts with public or private nonprofit agencies, shall be used for, with priority in funding given to entities meeting the criteria for evidence-based or promising programs—
    (A) community-based alternatives (including home-based alternatives) to incarceration and institutionalization including—
    (i) for status offenders and other youth who need temporary placement: crisis intervention, shelter, and after-care;
    (ii) for youth who need residential placement: a continuum of foster care or group home alternatives that provide access to a comprehensive array of services; and
    (iii) for youth who need specialized intensive and comprehensive services that address the unique issues encountered by youth when they become involved with gangs;
    (B) community-based programs and services to work with—
    (i) status offenders, other youth, and the parents and other family members of such offenders and youth to strengthen families, including parent self-help groups, so that juveniles may remain in their homes;
    (ii) juveniles during their incarceration, and with their families, to ensure the safe return of such juveniles to their homes and to strengthen the families; and
    (iii) parents with limited English-speaking ability, particularly in areas where there is a large population of families with limited-English speaking ability;
    (C) comprehensive juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs that meet the needs of youth through the collaboration of the many local systems before which a youth may appear, including schools, courts, law enforcement agencies, child protection agencies, mental health agencies, welfare services, health care agencies, and private nonprofit agencies offering youth services;
    (D) programs that provide treatment to juvenile offenders who are victims of child abuse or neglect, and to their families, in order to reduce the likelihood that such juvenile offenders will commit subsequent violations of law;
    (E) educational programs or supportive services for at-risk or delinquent youth or other juveniles—
    (i) to encourage juveniles to remain in elementary and secondary schools or in alternative learning situations, including for truancy prevention and reduction;
    (ii) to provide services to assist juveniles in making the transition to the world of work and self-sufficiency; and
    (iii) enhance2 coordination with the local schools that such juveniles would otherwise attend, to ensure that—
    (I) the instruction that juveniles receive outside school is closely aligned with the instruction provided in school; and
    (II) information regarding any learning problems identified in such alternative learning situations are communicated to the schools;
    (F) programs to expand the use of probation officers—
    (i) particularly for the purpose of permitting nonviolent juvenile offenders (including status offenders) to remain at home with their families as an alternative to incarceration or institutionalization; and
    (ii) to ensure that juveniles follow the terms of their probation;
    (G) programs—
    (i) to ensure youth have access to appropriate legal representation; and
    (ii) to expand access to publicly supported, court-appointed legal counsel who are trained to represent juveniles in adjudication proceedings,
    except that the State may not use more than 2 percent of the funds received under section 11132 of this title for these purposes;
    (H) counseling, training, and mentoring programs, which may be in support of academic tutoring, vocational and technical training, and drug and violence prevention counseling, that are designed to link at-risk juveniles, juvenile offenders, or juveniles who have a parent or legal guardian who is or was incarcerated in a Federal, State, tribal, or local correctional facility or who is otherwise under the jurisdiction of a Federal, State, tribal, or local criminal justice system, particularly juveniles residing in low-income and high-crime areas and juveniles experiencing educational failure, with responsible individuals (such as law enforcement officials, Department of Defense personnel, individuals working with local businesses, and individuals working with community-based and faith-based organizations and agencies) who are properly screened and trained;
    (I) programs designed to develop and implement projects relating to juvenile delinquency and learning disabilities, including on-the-job training programs to assist community services, law enforcement, and juvenile justice personnel to more effectively recognize and provide for learning disabled and other juveniles with disabilities;
    (J) projects designed both to deter involvement in illegal activities and to promote involvement in lawful activities on the part of gangs whose membership is substantially composed of youth;
    (K) programs and projects designed to provide for the treatment of youths’ dependence on or abuse of alcohol or other addictive or nonaddictive drugs;
    (L) programs for positive youth development that assist delinquent and other at-risk youth in obtaining—
    (i) a sense of safety and structure;
    (ii) a sense of belonging and membership;
    (iii) a sense of self-worth and social contribution;
    (iv) a sense of independence and control over one’s life; and
    (v) a sense of closeness in interpersonal relationships;
    (M) programs that, in recognition of varying degrees of the seriousness of delinquent behavior and the corresponding gradations in the responses of the juvenile justice system in response to that behavior, are designed to—
    (i) encourage courts to develop and implement a continuum of pre-adjudication and post-adjudication alternatives that bridge the gap between traditional probation and confinement in a correctional setting (including specialized or problem-solving courts, expanded use of probation, mediation, restitution, community service, treatment, home detention, intensive supervision, electronic monitoring, and similar programs, and secure community-based treatment facilities linked to other support services such as health, mental health, education (remedial and special), job training, and recreation); and
    (ii) assist in the provision of information and technical assistance, including technology transfer, in the design and utilization of risk assessment mechanisms to aid juvenile justice personnel in determining appropriate sanctions for delinquent behavior;
    (N) community-based programs and services to work with juveniles, their parents, and other family members during and after incarceration in order to strengthen families and reduce the risk of recidivism;
    (O) programs (including referral to literacy programs and social service programs) to assist families with limited English-speaking ability that include delinquent juveniles to overcome language and other barriers that may prevent the complete treatment of such juveniles and the preservation of their families;
    (P) programs designed to prevent and to reduce hate crimes committed by juveniles;
    (Q) after-school programs that provide at-risk juveniles and juveniles in the juvenile justice system with a range of age-appropriate activities, including tutoring, mentoring, and other educational and enrichment activities;
    (R) community-based programs that provide follow-up post-placement services to adjudicated juveniles, to promote successful reintegration into the community;
    (S) projects designed to develop and implement programs to protect the rights of juveniles affected by the juvenile justice system;
    (T) programs designed to provide mental health or co-occurring disorder services for court-involved or incarcerated juveniles in need of such services, including assessment, development of individualized treatment plans, provision of treatment, and development of discharge plans;
    (U) programs and projects designed—
    (i) to inform juveniles of the opportunity and process for sealing and expunging juvenile records; and
    (ii) to assist juveniles in pursuing juvenile record sealing and expungements for both adjudications and arrests not followed by adjudications;
    except that the State may not use more than 2 percent of the funds received under section 11132 of this title for these purposes;
    (V) programs that address the needs of girls in or at risk of entering the juvenile justice system, including pregnant girls, young mothers, survivors of commercial sexual exploitation or domestic child sex trafficking, girls with disabilities, and girls of color, including girls who are members of an Indian Tribe; and
    (W) monitoring for compliance with the core requirements and providing training and technical assistance on the core requirements to secure facilities;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11171(a)
    Go to provision →
    (a) The Administrator may make grants to and contracts with States, units of general local government, Indian tribal governments, public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals, or combinations thereof, to carry out projects for the development, testing, and demonstration of promising initiatives and programs for the prevention, control, or reduction of juvenile delinquency. The Administrator shall ensure that, to the extent reasonable and practicable, such grants are made to achieve an equitable geographical distribution of such projects throughout the United States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11172
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    The Administrator may make grants to and contracts with public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals to provide technical assistance to States, units of general local government, Indian tribal governments, local private entities or agencies, or any combination thereof, to carry out the projects for which grants are made under section 11171 of this title.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11173
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    To be eligible to receive a grant made under this part, a public or private agency, Indian tribal government, organization, institution, individual, or combination thereof shall submit an application to the Administrator at such time, in such form, and containing such information as the Administrator may reasonably require by rule.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11211(a)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) The Secretary shall make grants to public and nonprofit private entities (and combinations of such entities) to establish and operate (including renovation) local centers to provide services for runaway and homeless youth and for the families of such youth.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11242
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    The Secretary may make grants to statewide and regional nonprofit organizations (and combinations of such organizations) to provide technical assistance and training to public and private entities (and combinations of such entities) that are eligible to receive grants under this subchapter, for the purpose of carrying out the programs, projects, or activities for which such grants are made.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11243(a)
    Go to provision →
    (a) The Secretary may make grants to States, localities, and private entities (and combinations of such entities) to carry out research, evaluation, demonstration, and service projects regarding activities under this subchapter designed to increase knowledge concerning, and to improve services for, runaway youth and homeless youth.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11244(a)(1)
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    (1) The Secretary may make grants on a competitive basis to States, localities, and private entities (and combinations of such entities) to provide services (including transportation) authorized to be provided under part A, to runaway and homeless youth in rural areas.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11278(b)
    Go to provision →
    (b) The Secretary shall consult with representatives of public and nonprofit private entities and agencies that receive grants under this subchapter, including statewide and regional nonprofit organizations (including combinations of such organizations) that receive grants under this subchapter, and national nonprofit organizations concerned with youth homelessness, in developing the performance standards required by subsection (a).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11294(a)
    Go to provision →
    (a) The Administrator is authorized to make grants to and enter into contracts with the Center and with public agencies or nonprofit private organizations, or combinations thereof, for research, demonstration projects, or service programs designed—
    (1) to educate parents, children, schools, school leaders, teachers, State and local educational agencies, homeless shelters and service providers, and community agencies and organizations in ways to prevent the abduction and sexual exploitation of children;
    (2) to provide information to assist in the locating and return of missing children;
    (3) to aid communities and schools in the collection of materials which would be useful to parents in assisting others in the identification of missing children;
    (4) to increase knowledge of and develop effective treatment pertaining to the psychological consequences, on both parents and children, of—
    (A) the abduction of a child, both during the period of disappearance and after the child is recovered; and
    (B) the sexual exploitation of a missing child;
    (5) to collect detailed data from selected States or localities on the actual investigative practices utilized by law enforcement agencies in missing children’s cases;
    (6) to address the particular needs of missing children by minimizing the negative impact of judicial and law enforcement procedures on children who are victims of abuse or sexual exploitation and by promoting the active participation of children and their families in cases involving abuse or sexual exploitation of children;
    (7) to address the needs of missing children and their families following the recovery of such children;
    (8) to reduce the likelihood that individuals under 18 years of age will be removed from the control of such individuals’ parents without such parents’ consent; and
    (9) to establish or operate statewide clearinghouses to assist in locating and recovering missing children.

Citations to §11103(10)

Citations to §11103(11)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 10122(c)(1)
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    (1) make grants to, or enter into cooperative agreements or contracts with, public agencies, institutions of higher education, private organizations, or individuals to conduct research, demonstrations, or special projects pertaining to the purposes described in this subchapter, and provide technical assistance and training in support of tests, demonstrations, and special projects;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10122(c)(6)
    Go to provision →
    (6) collect and disseminate information obtained by the Institute or other Federal agencies, public agencies, institutions of higher education, and private organizations relating to the purposes of this subchapter;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10132(c)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) make grants to, or enter into cooperative agreements or contracts with public agencies, institutions of higher education, private organizations, or private individuals for purposes related to this subchapter; grants shall be made subject to continuing compliance with standards for gathering justice statistics set forth in rules and regulations promulgated by the Director;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10134
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    Data collected by the Bureau shall be used only for statistical or research purposes, and shall be gathered in a manner that precludes their use for law enforcement or any purpose relating to a private person or public agency other than statistical or research purposes.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10171(a)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) 4 grants in each fiscal year, in various geographical areas throughout the United States, to public agencies for correctional options (including the cost of construction) that provide alternatives to traditional modes of incarceration and offender release programs—
    (A) to provide more appropriate intervention for youthful offenders who are not career criminals, but who, without such intervention, are likely to become career criminals or more serious offenders;
    (B) to provide a degree of security and discipline appropriate for the offender involved;
    (C) to provide diagnosis, and treatment and services (including counseling, substance abuse treatment, education, job training and placement assistance while under correctional supervision, and linkage to similar outside services), to increase the success rate of offenders who decide to pursue a course of lawful and productive conduct after release from legal restraint;
    (D) to reduce criminal recidivism by offenders who receive punishment through such alternatives;
    (E) to reduce the cost of correctional services and facilities by reducing criminal recidivism; and
    (F) to provide work that promotes development of industrial and service skills in connection with a correctional option;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10171(a)(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) grants to public agencies to establish, operate, and support boot camp prisons; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10171(b)(2)
    Go to provision →
    (2) give priority to public agencies that clearly demonstrate that the capacity of their correctional facilities is inadequate to accommodate the number of individuals who are convicted of offenses punishable by a term of imprisonment exceeding 1 year.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10251(a)(6)
    Go to provision →
    (6) “public agency” means any State, unit of local government, combination of such States or units, or any department, agency, or instrumentality of any of the foregoing;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10251(c)
    Go to provision →
    (c) One or more public agencies, including existing local public agencies, may be designated by the chief executive officer of a State or a unit of local government to undertake a program or project in whole or in part.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10382(c)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) include a long-term strategy and detailed implementation plan that reflects consultation with community groups and appropriate private and public agencies;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10389(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) “career law enforcement officer” means a person hired on a permanent basis who is authorized by law or by a State or local public agency to engage in or supervise the prevention, detection, or investigation of violations of criminal laws.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11101(a)(10)(A)(i)
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    (i) work with juveniles, their families, local public agencies, and community-based organizations, and take into consideration such factors as whether or not juveniles have been the victims of family violence (including child abuse and neglect); and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(e)
    Go to provision →
    (e) The Administrator is authorized to utilize the services and facilities of any agency of the Federal Government and of any other public agency or institution in accordance with appropriate agreements, and to pay for such services either in advance or by way of reimbursement as may be agreed upon.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(3)(A)(ii)(III)
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    (III) representatives of public agencies concerned with delinquency prevention or treatment, such as welfare, social services, child and adolescent mental health, education, child and adolescent substance abuse, special education, services for youth with disabilities, recreation, and youth services;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(23)(A)
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    (A) an appropriate public agency shall be promptly notified that such status offender is held in custody for violating such order;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(g)
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    (g) The Administrator shall provide training and technical assistance, in conjunction with the appropriate public agencies, to individuals involved in making decisions regarding the disposition and management of cases for youth who enter the juvenile justice system about the appropriate services and placement for youth with mental health or substance abuse needs, including—
    (1) juvenile justice intake personnel;
    (2) probation officers;
    (3) juvenile court judges and court services personnel;
    (4) prosecutors and court-appointed counsel; and
    (5) family members of juveniles and family advocates.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11184(c)(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) in a case involving a provider located in a State that is different from the State where the order for placement originates, the chief administrative officer of the public agency or the officer of the court placing the juvenile certifies that such provider—
    (A) satisfies the originating State’s explicit licensing standards of discipline that prohibit neglect, physical and mental abuse, and standards for education and health care as defined by that State’s law; and
    (B) otherwise complies with the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children as entered into by such other State.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11293(c)
    Go to provision →
    (c) The Administrator, either by making grants to or entering into contracts with public agencies or nonprofit private agencies, shall—
    (1) triennially conduct national incidence studies to determine for a given year the actual number of children reported missing each year, the number of children who are victims of abduction by strangers, the number of children who are the victims of parental kidnappings, and the number of children who are recovered each year;
    (2) provide to State and local governments, public and private nonprofit agencies, and individuals information to facilitate the lawful use of school records and birth certificates, in compliance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (20 U.S.C. 1232g)2 to identify and locate missing children3
    (3) publish an analysis of the information determined under paragraph (1) that includes disaggregated demographic data and comparison of such data to demographic data from the census.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11294(a)
    Go to provision →
    (a) The Administrator is authorized to make grants to and enter into contracts with the Center and with public agencies or nonprofit private organizations, or combinations thereof, for research, demonstration projects, or service programs designed—
    (1) to educate parents, children, schools, school leaders, teachers, State and local educational agencies, homeless shelters and service providers, and community agencies and organizations in ways to prevent the abduction and sexual exploitation of children;
    (2) to provide information to assist in the locating and return of missing children;
    (3) to aid communities and schools in the collection of materials which would be useful to parents in assisting others in the identification of missing children;
    (4) to increase knowledge of and develop effective treatment pertaining to the psychological consequences, on both parents and children, of—
    (A) the abduction of a child, both during the period of disappearance and after the child is recovered; and
    (B) the sexual exploitation of a missing child;
    (5) to collect detailed data from selected States or localities on the actual investigative practices utilized by law enforcement agencies in missing children’s cases;
    (6) to address the particular needs of missing children by minimizing the negative impact of judicial and law enforcement procedures on children who are victims of abuse or sexual exploitation and by promoting the active participation of children and their families in cases involving abuse or sexual exploitation of children;
    (7) to address the needs of missing children and their families following the recovery of such children;
    (8) to reduce the likelihood that individuals under 18 years of age will be removed from the control of such individuals’ parents without such parents’ consent; and
    (9) to establish or operate statewide clearinghouses to assist in locating and recovering missing children.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11311(4)(B)(i)
    Go to provision →
    (i) public agencies and private nonprofit organizations serving juveniles and their families; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12161
    Go to provision →
    (a) Short title
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12291(a)(23)
    Go to provision →
    (23) The term “law enforcement” means a public agency charged with policing functions, including any of its component bureaus (such as governmental victim services programs or Village Public Safety Officers), including those referred to in section 2802 of title 25.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12291(a)(28)
    Go to provision →
    (28) The term “prosecution” means any public agency charged with direct responsibility for prosecuting criminal offenders, including such agency’s component bureaus (such as governmental victim assistance programs).
  • 42 U.S.C. § 11851(8)
    Go to provision →
    (8) the term “public agency” has the meaning given it in section 11103(11) of title 34,

Citations to §11103(12)

Citations to §11103(13)

Citations to §11103(14)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 11101(a)(8)
    Go to provision →
    (8) One-fifth of juveniles 16 years of age who had been arrested were first arrested before attaining 12 years of age. Juveniles who are known to the juvenile justice system before attaining 13 years of age are responsible for a disproportionate share of serious crimes and violence.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(a)(1)(B)(i)
    Go to provision →
    (i) the prevention, reduction, and control of juvenile delinquency and serious crime committed by juveniles;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(b)(2)
    Go to provision →
    (2) undertake statistical work in juvenile justice matters, for the purpose of providing for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of statistical data and information relating to juvenile delinquency and serious crimes committed by juveniles, to the juvenile justice system, to juvenile violence, and to other purposes consistent with the purposes of this subchapter and subchapter I.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(e)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) review reports and data relating to the juvenile justice system in the United States and in foreign nations (as appropriate), collect data and information from studies and research into all aspects of juvenile delinquency (including the causes, prevention, and treatment of juvenile delinquency) and serious crimes committed by juveniles;

Citations to §11103(15)

Citations to §11103(16)

Citations to §11103(17)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 10541(i)
    Go to provision →
    (i) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, all provisions of this chapter, as in effect on the day before December 27, 1979, which are necessary to carry out the provisions of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 [34 U.S.C. 11101 et seq.], remain in effect for the sole purpose of carrying out the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, and the State criminal justice council established under this chapter shall serve as the State planning agency for the purposes of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10631(f)(3)(B)(iv)
    Go to provision →
    (iv) input, where appropriate, from the juvenile justice coordinating council of the region;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10631(f)(3)(B)(v)
    Go to provision →
    (v) input, where appropriate, from the reentry coordinating council of the region; or
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10644(a)
    Go to provision →
    (a) The rural State shall provide training and technical assistance, including through such groups as the National Crime Prevention Council, to assist local communities in developing Crime Prevention Plans that reflect statewide strategic goals and objectives, and performance targets and measures.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11114(a)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) The Administrator shall develop objectives, priorities, and a long-term plan to improve the juvenile justice system in the United States, taking into account scientific knowledge regarding adolescent development and behavior and regarding the effects of delinquency prevention programs and juvenile justice interventions on adolescents, and shall implement overall policy and a strategy to carry out such plan, for all Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities relating to prevention, diversion, training, treatment, rehabilitation, evaluation, and research. In carrying out the functions of the Administrator, the Administrator shall consult with the Council.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(a)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) There is hereby established, as an independent organization in the executive branch of the Federal Government a Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention composed of the Attorney General, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Education, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation for National and Community Service, the Assistant Secretary for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, such other officers of Federal agencies who hold significant decisionmaking authority as the President may designate, and individuals appointed under paragraph (2).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(a)(2)(A)
    Go to provision →
    (A) Ten members shall be appointed, without regard to political affiliation, to the Council in accordance with this paragraph from among individuals who are practitioners in the field of juvenile justice and who are not officers or employees of the Federal Government.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(b)
    Go to provision →
    (b) The Attorney General shall serve as Chairman of the Council. The Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention shall serve as Vice Chairman of the Council. The Vice Chairman shall act as Chairman in the absence of the Chairman.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(c)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) The function of the Council shall be to coordinate all Federal juvenile delinquency programs (in cooperation with State and local juvenile justice programs) all Federal programs and activities that detain or care for unaccompanied juveniles, and all Federal programs relating to missing and exploited children. The Council shall examine how the separate programs can be coordinated among Federal, State, and local governments to better serve at-risk children and juveniles and shall make recommendations to the President, and to the Congress, at least annually with respect to the coordination of overall policy and development of objectives and priorities for all Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities and all Federal programs and activities that detain or care for unaccompanied juveniles. The Council shall review the programs and practices of Federal agencies and report on the degree to which Federal agency funds are used for purposes which are consistent or inconsistent with the mandates of the core requirements. The Council shall review, and make recommendations with respect to, any joint funding proposal undertaken by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and any agency represented on the Council. The Council shall review the reasons why Federal agencies take juveniles into custody and shall make recommendations regarding how to improve Federal practices and facilities for holding juveniles in custody.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(c)(2)
    Go to provision →
    (2) In addition to performing their functions as members of the Council, the members appointed under subsection (a)(2) shall collectively, on an annual basis—
    (A) make recommendations regarding the development of the objectives, priorities, and the long-term plan, and the implementation of overall policy and the strategy to carry out such plan, referred to in section 11114(a)(1) of this title; and
    (B) not later than 120 days after the completion of the last meeting of the Council during any fiscal year, submit to the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate a report that—
    (i) contains the recommendations described in subparagraph (A);
    (ii) includes a detailed account of the activities conducted by the Council during the fiscal year, including a complete detailed accounting of expenses incurred by the Council to conduct operations in accordance with this section;
    (iii) is published on the websites of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Council, and the Department of Justice; and
    (iv) is in addition to the annual report required under section 11117 of this title.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(c)(2)(B)
    Go to provision →
    (B) not later than 120 days after the completion of the last meeting of the Council during any fiscal year, submit to the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate a report that—
    (i) contains the recommendations described in subparagraph (A);
    (ii) includes a detailed account of the activities conducted by the Council during the fiscal year, including a complete detailed accounting of expenses incurred by the Council to conduct operations in accordance with this section;
    (iii) is published on the websites of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Council, and the Department of Justice; and
    (iv) is in addition to the annual report required under section 11117 of this title.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(c)(2)(B)(ii)
    Go to provision →
    (ii) includes a detailed account of the activities conducted by the Council during the fiscal year, including a complete detailed accounting of expenses incurred by the Council to conduct operations in accordance with this section;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(c)(2)(B)(iii)
    Go to provision →
    (iii) is published on the websites of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Council, and the Department of Justice; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(d)
    Go to provision →
    (d) The Council shall meet at least quarterly.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(e)
    Go to provision →
    (e) The Administrator shall, with the approval of the Council, appoint such personnel or staff support as the Administrator considers necessary to carry out the purposes of this subchapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(f)
    Go to provision →
    (f) Members appointed under subsection (a)(2) shall serve without compensation. Members of the Council shall be reimbursed for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred by them in carrying out the duties of the Council.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11117(2)
    Go to provision →
    (2) A description of the activities for which funds are expended under this part, including the objectives, priorities, accomplishments, and recommendations of the Council.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11245(a)
    Go to provision →
    (a) Not later than 2 years after October 8, 2008, and at 5-year intervals thereafter, the Secretary, in consultation with the United States Interagency Council on Homelessness, shall prepare and submit to the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate, and make available to the public, a report—
    (1) by using the best quantitative and qualitative social science research methods available, containing an estimate of the incidence and prevalence of runaway and homeless individuals who are not less than 13 years of age but are less than 26 years of age; and
    (2) that includes with such estimate an assessment of the characteristics of such individuals.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11293(a)(4)
    Go to provision →
    (4) coordinate with the United States Interagency Council on Homelessness to ensure that homeless services professionals are aware of educational resources and assistance provided by the Center regarding child sexual exploitation;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12124(d)(6)(A)
    Go to provision →
    (A) State job training coordinating councils, administrative entities, and private industry councils, with respect to programs carried out under this Act; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12131(a)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) There is established an Ounce of Prevention Council (referred to in this subchapter as the “Council”), the members of which—
    (A) shall include the Attorney General, the Secretary of Education, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy; and
    (B) may include other officials of the executive branch as directed by the President.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12131(a)(2)
    Go to provision →
    (2) The President shall designate the Chair of the Council from among its members (referred to in this subchapter as the “Chair”).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12131(a)(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) The Council may employ any necessary staff to carry out its functions, and may delegate any of its functions or powers to a member or members of the Council.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12131(b)
    Go to provision →
    (b) For any program authorized under the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, the Ounce of Prevention Council Chair, only at the request of the Council member with jurisdiction over that program, may coordinate that program, in whole or in part, through the Council.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12131(c)
    Go to provision →
    (c) In addition to the program coordination provided in subsection (b), the Council shall be responsible for such functions as coordinated planning, development of a comprehensive crime prevention program catalogue, provision of assistance to communities and community-based organizations seeking information regarding crime prevention programs and integrated program service delivery, and development of strategies for program integration and grant simplification. The Council shall have the authority to audit the expenditure of funds received by grantees under programs administered by or coordinated through the Council. In consultation with the Council, the Chair may issue regulations and guidelines to carry out this part and programs administered by or coordinated through the Council.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12132(a)
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    (a) The Council may make grants for—
    (1) summer and after-school (including weekend and holiday) education and recreation programs;
    (2) mentoring, tutoring, and other programs involving participation by adult role models (such as D.A.R.E. America);
    (3) programs assisting and promoting employability and job placement; and
    (4) prevention and treatment programs to reduce substance abuse, child abuse, and adolescent pregnancy, including outreach programs for at-risk families.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12132(c)
    Go to provision →
    (c) In making such grants, the Council shall give preference to coalitions consisting of a broad spectrum of community-based and social service organizations that have a coordinated team approach to reducing gang membership and the effects of substance abuse, and providing alternatives to at-risk youth.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12132(d)(2)
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    (2) The Council may waive the 25 percent matching requirement under paragraph (1) upon making a determination that a waiver is equitable in view of the financial circumstances affecting the ability of the applicant to meet that requirement.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12132(d)(5)
    Go to provision →
    (5) The Council shall conduct a thorough evaluation of the programs assisted under this subchapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12141(a)(2)
    Go to provision →
    (2) The Attorney General may consult with the Ounce of Prevention Council in awarding grants under paragraph (1).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12171(a)(2)
    Go to provision →
    (2) The Attorney General may consult with the Ounce of Prevention Council in making grants under paragraph (1).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12221(b)
    Go to provision →
    (b) The Attorney General may consult with the Ounce of Prevention Council in making grants under subsection (a).
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12331(a)
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    (a) The Attorney General shall request the National Academy of Sciences, through its National Research Council, to enter into a contract to develop a research agenda to increase the understanding and control of violence against women, including rape and domestic violence. In furtherance of the contract, the National Academy shall convene a panel of nationally recognized experts on violence against women, in the fields of law, medicine, criminal justice, and direct services to victims and experts on domestic violence in diverse, ethnic, social, and language minority communities and the social sciences. In setting the agenda, the Academy shall focus primarily on preventive, educative, social, and legal strategies, including addressing the needs of underserved populations.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12381(a)
    Go to provision →
    (a) In order to gain a better understanding of the nature and the extent of gender bias in the Federal courts, the circuit judicial councils are encouraged to conduct studies of the instances, if any, of gender bias in their respective circuits and to implement recommended reforms.

Citations to §11103(18)

Citations to §11103(20)

Citations to §11103(22)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(11)(B)(i)(II)
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    (II) except as provided in paragraph (13), may not be held in any jail or lockup for adults;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(11)(B)(ii)
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    (ii) in determining under clause (i) whether it is in the interest of justice to permit a juvenile to be held in any jail or lockup for adults, or have sight or sound contact with adult inmates, a court shall consider—
    (I) the age of the juvenile;
    (II) the physical and mental maturity of the juvenile;
    (III) the present mental state of the juvenile, including whether the juvenile presents an imminent risk of harm to the juvenile;
    (IV) the nature and circumstances of the alleged offense;
    (V) the juvenile’s history of prior delinquent acts;
    (VI) the relative ability of the available adult and juvenile detention facilities to not only meet the specific needs of the juvenile but also to protect the safety of the public as well as other detained youth; and
    (VII) any other relevant factor; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(11)(B)(iii)
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    (iii) if a court determines under clause (i) that it is in the interest of justice to permit a juvenile to be held in any jail or lockup for adults—
    (I) the court shall hold a hearing not less frequently than once every 30 days, or in the case of a rural jurisdiction, not less frequently than once every 45 days, to review whether it is still in the interest of justice to permit the juvenile to be so held or have such sight or sound contact; and
    (II) the juvenile shall not be held in any jail or lockup for adults, or permitted to have sight or sound contact with adult inmates, for more than 180 days, unless the court, in writing, determines there is good cause for an extension or the juvenile expressly waives this limitation;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(11)(B)(iii)(II)
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    (II) the juvenile shall not be held in any jail or lockup for adults, or permitted to have sight or sound contact with adult inmates, for more than 180 days, unless the court, in writing, determines there is good cause for an extension or the juvenile expressly waives this limitation;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(13)
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    (13) provide that no juvenile will be detained or confined in any jail or lockup for adults except—
    (A) juveniles who are accused of nonstatus offenses and who are detained in such jail or lockup for a period not to exceed 6 hours—
    (i) for processing or release;
    (ii) while awaiting transfer to a juvenile facility; or
    (iii) in which period such juveniles make a court appearance;
    and only if such juveniles do not have sight or sound contact with adult inmates and only if there is in effect in the State a policy that requires individuals who work with both such juveniles and adult inmates in collocated facilities have been trained and certified to work with juveniles;
    (B) juveniles who are accused of nonstatus offenses, who are awaiting an initial court appearance that will occur within 48 hours after being taken into custody (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays), and who are detained in a jail or lockup—
    (i) in which—
    (I) such juveniles do not have sight or sound contact with adult inmates; and
    (II) there is in effect in the State a policy that requires individuals who work with both such juveniles and adults inmates in collocated facilities have been trained and certified to work with juveniles; and
    (ii) that—
    (I) is located outside a metropolitan statistical area (as defined by the Office of Management and Budget) and has no existing acceptable alternative placement available;
    (II) is located where conditions of distance to be traveled or the lack of highway, road, or transportation do not allow for court appearances within 48 hours (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays) so that a brief (not to exceed an additional 48 hours) delay is excusable; or
    (III) is located where conditions of safety exist (such as severe adverse, life-threatening weather conditions that do not allow for reasonably safe travel), in which case the time for an appearance may be delayed until 24 hours after the time that such conditions allow for reasonable safe travel;

Citations to §11103(23)

Citations to §11103(24)

Citations to §11103(25)

Citations to §11103(26)

Citations to §11103(27)

Citations to §11103(28)

Citations to §11103(30)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 11116(c)(1)
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    (1) The function of the Council shall be to coordinate all Federal juvenile delinquency programs (in cooperation with State and local juvenile justice programs) all Federal programs and activities that detain or care for unaccompanied juveniles, and all Federal programs relating to missing and exploited children. The Council shall examine how the separate programs can be coordinated among Federal, State, and local governments to better serve at-risk children and juveniles and shall make recommendations to the President, and to the Congress, at least annually with respect to the coordination of overall policy and development of objectives and priorities for all Federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities and all Federal programs and activities that detain or care for unaccompanied juveniles. The Council shall review the programs and practices of Federal agencies and report on the degree to which Federal agency funds are used for purposes which are consistent or inconsistent with the mandates of the core requirements. The Council shall review, and make recommendations with respect to, any joint funding proposal undertaken by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and any agency represented on the Council. The Council shall review the reasons why Federal agencies take juveniles into custody and shall make recommendations regarding how to improve Federal practices and facilities for holding juveniles in custody.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11132(c)
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    (c) In accordance with regulations promulgated under this part, a portion of any allocation to any State under this part shall be available to develop a State plan or for other pre-award activities associated with such State plan, and to pay that portion of the expenditures which are necessary for effective and efficient administration of funds, including the designation of not less than one individual who shall coordinate efforts to achieve and sustain compliance with the core requirements and certify whether the State is in compliance with such requirements. Not more than 10 percent of the total annual allocation of such State shall be available for such purposes except that any amount expended or obligated by such State, or by units of local government or any combination thereof, from amounts made available under this subsection shall be matched (in an amount equal to any such amount so expended or obligated) by such State, or by such units or combinations, from State or local funds, as the case may be. The State shall make available needed funds for planning and administration to units of local government or combinations thereof within the State on an equitable basis.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(3)(D)(ii)
    Go to provision →
    (ii) submit to the chief executive officer and the legislature of the State at least every 2 years a report and necessary recommendations regarding State compliance with the core requirements; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(5)(C)
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    (C) to provide funds for programs of Indian Tribes that agree to attempt to comply with the core requirements applicable to the detention and confinement of juveniles, an amount that bears the same ratio to the aggregate amount to be expended through programs referred to in subparagraphs (A) and (B) as the population under 18 years of age in the geographical areas in which such tribes perform such functions bears to the State population under 18 years of age,1
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(9)(W)
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    (W) monitoring for compliance with the core requirements and providing training and technical assistance on the core requirements to secure facilities;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(14)
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    (14) provide for an effective system of monitoring jails, lock-ups, detention facilities, and correctional facilities to ensure that the core requirements are met, and for annual reporting of the results of such monitoring to the Administrator, except that such reporting requirements shall not apply in the case of a State which is in compliance with the other requirements of this paragraph, which is in compliance with the requirements in paragraphs (11) and (12), and which has enacted legislation which conforms to such requirements and which contains sufficient enforcement mechanisms to ensure that such legislation will be administered effectively;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(c)(1)
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    (1) If a State fails to comply with any of the core requirements in any fiscal year, then—
    (A) subject to subparagraph (B), the amount allocated to such State under section 11132 of this title for the subsequent fiscal year shall be reduced by not less than 20 percent for each core requirement with respect to which the failure occurs; and
    (B) the State shall be ineligible to receive any allocation under such section for such fiscal year unless—
    (i) the State agrees to expend 50 percent of the amount allocated to the State for such fiscal year to achieve compliance with any such core requirement with respect to which the State is in noncompliance; or
    (ii) the Administrator determines that the State—
    (I) has achieved substantial compliance with such applicable requirements with respect to which the State was not in compliance; and
    (II) has made, through appropriate executive or legislative action, an unequivocal commitment to achieving full compliance with such applicable requirements within a reasonable time.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(c)(2)(A)
    Go to provision →
    (A) 50 percent of the unallocated funds shall be reallocated under section 11132 of this title to States that have not failed to comply with the core requirements; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(c)(2)(B)
    Go to provision →
    (B) 50 percent of the unallocated funds shall be used by the Administrator to provide additional training and technical assistance to States for the purpose of promoting compliance with the core requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(d)
    Go to provision →
    (d) In the event that any State chooses not to submit a plan, fails to submit a plan, or submits a plan or any modification thereof, which the Administrator, after reasonable notice and opportunity for hearing, in accordance with sections 10222 and 10223 of this title and 3785 of title 423, determines does not meet the requirements of this section, the Administrator shall endeavor to make that State’s allocation under the provisions of section 11132(a) of this title, excluding funds the Administrator shall make available to satisfy the requirement specified in section 11132(d) of this title, available to local public and private nonprofit agencies within such State for use in carrying out activities of the kinds described in the core requirements. The Administrator shall make funds which remain available after disbursements are made by the Administrator under the preceding sentence, and any other unobligated funds, available on an equitable basis and to those States that have achieved full compliance with the core requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(g)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) For each fiscal year, the Administrator shall make a determination regarding whether each State receiving a grant under this subchapter is in compliance or out of compliance with respect to each of the core requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(g)(2)(A)(ii)
    Go to provision →
    (ii) for any such determination that a State is out of compliance with any of the core requirements, describing the basis for the determination; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(a)(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) shall provide periodic training for States regarding implementation of the core requirements, current protocols and best practices for achieving and monitoring compliance, and information sharing regarding relevant Office resources on evidence-based and promising programs or practices that promote the purposes of this chapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(b)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) shall develop and implement projects for the purpose of providing technical assistance to representatives and personnel of public and private agencies and organizations, including practitioners in juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts (including model juvenile and family courts), corrections, schools, and related services, in the establishment, implementation, and operation of programs, projects, and activities for which financial assistance is provided under this subchapter, including compliance with the core requirements;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(b)(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) shall provide technical assistance to States and units of local government on achieving compliance with the amendments to the core requirements and State Plans made by the Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018, including training and technical assistance and, when appropriate, pilot or demonstration projects intended to develop and replicate best practices for achieving sight and sound separation in facilities or portions of facilities that are open and available to the general public and that may or may not contain a jail or a lock-up; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11182(d)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) The Administrator is authorized to establish such rules, regulations, guidance, and procedures as are necessary for the exercise of the functions of the Office and only to the extent necessary to ensure that there is compliance with the specific requirements of this subchapter or to respond to requests for clarification and guidance relating to such compliance. In developing guidance and procedures, the Administrator shall consult with representatives of States and units of local government, including those individuals responsible for administration of this chapter and compliance with the core requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11182(d)(2)(B)
    Go to provision →
    (B) States meeting all the core requirements are encouraged to experiment with offering innovative, data-driven programs designed to further improve the juvenile justice system.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11182(e)
    Go to provision →
    (e) If a State requires by law compliance with the core requirements, then for the period such law is in effect in such State such State shall be rebuttably presumed to satisfy such requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(a)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) the Department of Justice, through its Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, must restore meaningful enforcement of the core requirements in subchapter II; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(a)(2)
    Go to provision →
    (2) States, which are entrusted with a fiscal stewardship role if they accept funds under subchapter II1 must exercise vigilant oversight to ensure full compliance with the core requirements for juveniles provided for in subchapter II.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(1)(A)(iii)(III)
    Go to provision →
    (III) whether grantees’ assertions of compliance with the core requirements were accompanied with adequate supporting documentation;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(1)(B)(ii)(III)(cc)
    Go to provision →
    (cc) the extent to which funds awarded to States and Indian Tribes under subchapters II and V enhanced the ability of grantees to fulfill the core requirements.

Citations to §11103(32)

Citations to §11103(33)

Citations to §11103(34)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 10153(a)(6)(C)
    Go to provision →
    (C) describe the process used by the State for gathering evidence-based data and developing and using evidence-based and evidence-gathering approaches in support of funding decisions;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10153(a)(6)(D)
    Go to provision →
    (D) describe the barriers at the State and local level for accessing data and implementing evidence-based approaches to preventing and reducing crime and recidivism; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10403(a)(1)(B)
    Go to provision →
    (B) the criteria by which the State proposes to assess the effectiveness of such activities on achieving the purposes of this subchapter, including the extent to which evidence-based approaches are utilized; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10403(b)(1)(A)(ii)
    Go to provision →
    (ii) the criteria by which the unit proposes to assess the effectiveness of such activities on achieving the purposes of this subchapter, including the extent to which evidence-based approaches are utilized; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(12)(A)
    Go to provision →
    (A) developing, in collaboration with prosecutors, courts, and victim service providers, standardized response policies for local law enforcement agencies, including the use of evidence-based indicators to assess the risk of domestic and dating violence homicide and prioritize dangerous or potentially lethal cases;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10446(k)(5)(C)
    Go to provision →
    (C) relies on evidence-based and peer-reviewed research by recognized experts in the types of abuse described in subparagraph (A);
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10461(b)(22)(A)
    Go to provision →
    (A) using evidence-based indicators to assess the risk of homicide and link high-risk victims to immediate crisis intervention services;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10493(b)(4)
    Go to provision →
    (4) Evidence-based programs to reduce stress, prevent suicide, and promote mental health.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10595(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) is based on evidence-based data; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10631(f)(1)(C)
    Go to provision →
    (C) describes the evidence-based methodology and outcome measures that will be used to evaluate the program funded with a grant under this subsection, and specifically explains how such measurements will provide valid measures of the impact of that program; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10651(j)(2)(C)
    Go to provision →
    (C) services such as integrated evidence-based practices for the treatment of co-occurring mental health and substance-related disorders, assertive outreach and engagement, community-based service provision at participants’ residence or in the community, psychiatric rehabilitation, recovery oriented services, services to address criminogenic risk factors, and community tenure;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10751(b)(1)(B)
    Go to provision →
    (B) ensuring that individuals with serious mental illness are provided appropriate access to evidence-based recovery supports that may include peer support services, medication (including long-acting injectable medications where clinically appropriate), and psycho-social therapies;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10751(b)(1)(C)
    Go to provision →
    (C) offering technical assistance to criminal justice agencies on how to modify their administrative and clinical processes to accommodate evidence-based interventions, such as long-acting injectable medications and other recovery supports; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10751(c)
    Go to provision →
    (c) The Attorney General shall consult with the Secretary of Health and Human Services to ensure that serious mental illness treatment and recovery support services provided under this grant program incorporate evidence-based approaches that facilitate long-term engagement in recovery services and supports.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11102(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) to assist State, tribal, and local governments in addressing juvenile crime through the provision of technical assistance, research, training, evaluation, and the dissemination of current and relevant information on effective and evidence-based programs and practices for combating juvenile delinquency; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11102(4)
    Go to provision →
    (4) to support a continuum of evidence-based or promising programs (including delinquency prevention, intervention, mental health, behavioral health and substance abuse treatment, family services, and services for children exposed to violence) that are trauma informed, reflect the science of adolescent development, and are designed to meet the needs of at-risk youth and youth who come into contact with the justice system.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11117(5)
    Go to provision →
    (5) A description of the criteria used to determine what programs qualify as evidence-based and promising programs under this subchapter and subchapter V and a comprehensive list of those programs the Administrator has determined meet such criteria in both rural and urban areas.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(7)(B)(viii)
    Go to provision →
    (viii) a plan to promote evidence-based and trauma-informed programs and practices; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(8)
    Go to provision →
    (8) provide for the coordination and maximum utilization of evidence-based and promising juvenile delinquency programs, programs operated by public and private agencies and organizations, and other related programs (such as education, special education, recreation, health, and welfare programs) in the State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(9)
    Go to provision →
    (9) provide that not less than 75 percent of the funds available to the State under section 11132 of this title, other than funds made available to the State advisory group under section 11132(d) of this title, whether expended directly by the State, by the unit of local government, or by a combination thereof, or through grants and contracts with public or private nonprofit agencies, shall be used for, with priority in funding given to entities meeting the criteria for evidence-based or promising programs—
    (A) community-based alternatives (including home-based alternatives) to incarceration and institutionalization including—
    (i) for status offenders and other youth who need temporary placement: crisis intervention, shelter, and after-care;
    (ii) for youth who need residential placement: a continuum of foster care or group home alternatives that provide access to a comprehensive array of services; and
    (iii) for youth who need specialized intensive and comprehensive services that address the unique issues encountered by youth when they become involved with gangs;
    (B) community-based programs and services to work with—
    (i) status offenders, other youth, and the parents and other family members of such offenders and youth to strengthen families, including parent self-help groups, so that juveniles may remain in their homes;
    (ii) juveniles during their incarceration, and with their families, to ensure the safe return of such juveniles to their homes and to strengthen the families; and
    (iii) parents with limited English-speaking ability, particularly in areas where there is a large population of families with limited-English speaking ability;
    (C) comprehensive juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs that meet the needs of youth through the collaboration of the many local systems before which a youth may appear, including schools, courts, law enforcement agencies, child protection agencies, mental health agencies, welfare services, health care agencies, and private nonprofit agencies offering youth services;
    (D) programs that provide treatment to juvenile offenders who are victims of child abuse or neglect, and to their families, in order to reduce the likelihood that such juvenile offenders will commit subsequent violations of law;
    (E) educational programs or supportive services for at-risk or delinquent youth or other juveniles—
    (i) to encourage juveniles to remain in elementary and secondary schools or in alternative learning situations, including for truancy prevention and reduction;
    (ii) to provide services to assist juveniles in making the transition to the world of work and self-sufficiency; and
    (iii) enhance2 coordination with the local schools that such juveniles would otherwise attend, to ensure that—
    (I) the instruction that juveniles receive outside school is closely aligned with the instruction provided in school; and
    (II) information regarding any learning problems identified in such alternative learning situations are communicated to the schools;
    (F) programs to expand the use of probation officers—
    (i) particularly for the purpose of permitting nonviolent juvenile offenders (including status offenders) to remain at home with their families as an alternative to incarceration or institutionalization; and
    (ii) to ensure that juveniles follow the terms of their probation;
    (G) programs—
    (i) to ensure youth have access to appropriate legal representation; and
    (ii) to expand access to publicly supported, court-appointed legal counsel who are trained to represent juveniles in adjudication proceedings,
    except that the State may not use more than 2 percent of the funds received under section 11132 of this title for these purposes;
    (H) counseling, training, and mentoring programs, which may be in support of academic tutoring, vocational and technical training, and drug and violence prevention counseling, that are designed to link at-risk juveniles, juvenile offenders, or juveniles who have a parent or legal guardian who is or was incarcerated in a Federal, State, tribal, or local correctional facility or who is otherwise under the jurisdiction of a Federal, State, tribal, or local criminal justice system, particularly juveniles residing in low-income and high-crime areas and juveniles experiencing educational failure, with responsible individuals (such as law enforcement officials, Department of Defense personnel, individuals working with local businesses, and individuals working with community-based and faith-based organizations and agencies) who are properly screened and trained;
    (I) programs designed to develop and implement projects relating to juvenile delinquency and learning disabilities, including on-the-job training programs to assist community services, law enforcement, and juvenile justice personnel to more effectively recognize and provide for learning disabled and other juveniles with disabilities;
    (J) projects designed both to deter involvement in illegal activities and to promote involvement in lawful activities on the part of gangs whose membership is substantially composed of youth;
    (K) programs and projects designed to provide for the treatment of youths’ dependence on or abuse of alcohol or other addictive or nonaddictive drugs;
    (L) programs for positive youth development that assist delinquent and other at-risk youth in obtaining—
    (i) a sense of safety and structure;
    (ii) a sense of belonging and membership;
    (iii) a sense of self-worth and social contribution;
    (iv) a sense of independence and control over one’s life; and
    (v) a sense of closeness in interpersonal relationships;
    (M) programs that, in recognition of varying degrees of the seriousness of delinquent behavior and the corresponding gradations in the responses of the juvenile justice system in response to that behavior, are designed to—
    (i) encourage courts to develop and implement a continuum of pre-adjudication and post-adjudication alternatives that bridge the gap between traditional probation and confinement in a correctional setting (including specialized or problem-solving courts, expanded use of probation, mediation, restitution, community service, treatment, home detention, intensive supervision, electronic monitoring, and similar programs, and secure community-based treatment facilities linked to other support services such as health, mental health, education (remedial and special), job training, and recreation); and
    (ii) assist in the provision of information and technical assistance, including technology transfer, in the design and utilization of risk assessment mechanisms to aid juvenile justice personnel in determining appropriate sanctions for delinquent behavior;
    (N) community-based programs and services to work with juveniles, their parents, and other family members during and after incarceration in order to strengthen families and reduce the risk of recidivism;
    (O) programs (including referral to literacy programs and social service programs) to assist families with limited English-speaking ability that include delinquent juveniles to overcome language and other barriers that may prevent the complete treatment of such juveniles and the preservation of their families;
    (P) programs designed to prevent and to reduce hate crimes committed by juveniles;
    (Q) after-school programs that provide at-risk juveniles and juveniles in the juvenile justice system with a range of age-appropriate activities, including tutoring, mentoring, and other educational and enrichment activities;
    (R) community-based programs that provide follow-up post-placement services to adjudicated juveniles, to promote successful reintegration into the community;
    (S) projects designed to develop and implement programs to protect the rights of juveniles affected by the juvenile justice system;
    (T) programs designed to provide mental health or co-occurring disorder services for court-involved or incarcerated juveniles in need of such services, including assessment, development of individualized treatment plans, provision of treatment, and development of discharge plans;
    (U) programs and projects designed—
    (i) to inform juveniles of the opportunity and process for sealing and expunging juvenile records; and
    (ii) to assist juveniles in pursuing juvenile record sealing and expungements for both adjudications and arrests not followed by adjudications;
    except that the State may not use more than 2 percent of the funds received under section 11132 of this title for these purposes;
    (V) programs that address the needs of girls in or at risk of entering the juvenile justice system, including pregnant girls, young mothers, survivors of commercial sexual exploitation or domestic child sex trafficking, girls with disabilities, and girls of color, including girls who are members of an Indian Tribe; and
    (W) monitoring for compliance with the core requirements and providing training and technical assistance on the core requirements to secure facilities;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(30)(A)
    Go to provision →
    (A) the evidence-based methods that will be used to conduct mental health and substance abuse screening, assessment, referral, and treatment for juveniles who—
    (i) request a screening;
    (ii) show signs of needing a screening; or
    (iii) are held for a period of more than 24 hours in a secure facility that provides for an initial screening; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(a)(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) shall provide periodic training for States regarding implementation of the core requirements, current protocols and best practices for achieving and monitoring compliance, and information sharing regarding relevant Office resources on evidence-based and promising programs or practices that promote the purposes of this chapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11311(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) the term “delinquency prevention program” means a delinquency prevention program that is evidence-based or promising and that may include—
    (A) alcohol and substance abuse prevention or treatment services;
    (B) tutoring and remedial education, especially in reading and mathematics;
    (C) child and adolescent health and mental health services;
    (D) recreation services;
    (E) leadership and youth development activities;
    (F) the teaching that individuals are and should be held accountable for their actions;
    (G) assistance in the development of job training skills;
    (H) youth mentoring programs;
    (I) after-school programs;
    (J) coordination of a continuum of services that may include—
    (i) early childhood development services;
    (ii) voluntary home visiting programs;
    (iii) nurse-family partnership programs;
    (iv) parenting skills training;
    (v) child abuse prevention programs;
    (vi) family stabilization programs;
    (vii) child welfare services;
    (viii) family violence intervention programs;
    (ix) adoption assistance programs;
    (x) emergency, transitional and permanent housing assistance;
    (xi) job placement and retention training;
    (xii) summer jobs programs;
    (xiii) alternative school resources for youth who have dropped out of school or demonstrate chronic truancy;
    (xiv) conflict resolution skill training;
    (xv) restorative justice programs;
    (xvi) mentoring programs;
    (xvii) targeted gang prevention, intervention and exit services;
    (xviii) training and education programs for pregnant teens and teen parents; and
    (xix) pre-release, post-release, and reentry services to assist detained and incarcerated youth with transitioning back into and reentering the community; and
    (K) other data-driven evidence-based or promising prevention programs;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11311(3)(K)
    Go to provision →
    (K) other data-driven evidence-based or promising prevention programs;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11313(e)(1)(B)(iii)
    Go to provision →
    (iii) developing data-driven prevention plans, employing evidence-based prevention strategies, and conducting program evaluations to determine impact and effectiveness;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12464(b)(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) educate court-based and court-related personnel and court-appointed personnel (including custody evaluators and guardians ad litem) and child protective services workers on the dynamics of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, including information on perpetrator behavior, evidence-based risk factors for domestic and dating violence homicide, and on issues relating to the needs of victims, including safety, security, privacy, and confidentiality, including cases in which the victim proceeds pro se;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12513(b)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) The Attorney General shall award grants on a competitive basis to eligible entities to collaborate with their mandatory partners to carry out the demonstration program under this section by implementing evidence-based or promising investigative policies and practices to incorporate trauma-informed, victim-centered techniques designed to—
    (A) prevent re-traumatization of the victim;
    (B) ensure that covered individuals use evidence-based practices to respond to and investigate cases of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking;
    (C) improve communication between victims and law enforcement officers in an effort to increase the likelihood of the successful investigation and prosecution of the reported crime in a manner that protects the victim to the greatest extent possible;
    (D) increase collaboration among stakeholders who are part of the coordinated community response to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking; and
    (E) evaluate the effectiveness of the training process and content.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12513(b)(1)(B)
    Go to provision →
    (B) ensure that covered individuals use evidence-based practices to respond to and investigate cases of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12513(c)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) train covered individuals within the demonstration site of the eligible entity to use evidence-based, trauma-informed, and victim-centered techniques and knowledge of crime victims’ rights throughout an investigation into domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking, including by—
    (A) conducting victim interviews in a manner that—
    (i) elicits valuable information about the domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking; and
    (ii) avoids re-traumatization of the victim;
    (B) conducting field investigations that mirror best and promising practices available at the time of the investigation;
    (C) customizing investigative approaches to ensure a culturally and linguistically appropriate approach to the community being served;
    (D) becoming proficient in understanding and responding to complex cases, including cases of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking—
    (i) facilitated by alcohol or drugs;
    (ii) involving strangulation;
    (iii) committed by a non-stranger;
    (iv) committed by an individual of the same sex as the victim;
    (v) involving a victim with a disability;
    (vi) involving a male victim; or
    (vii) involving a lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (commonly referred to as “LGBT”) victim;
    (E) developing collaborative relationships between—
    (i) law enforcement officers and other members of the response team; and
    (ii) the community being served; and
    (F) developing an understanding of how to define, identify, and correctly classify a report of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12514(e)(1)(A)(iii)
    Go to provision →
    (iii) the risk to the safety of any victim of the harm based on an evidence-based risk assessment;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12514(e)(1)(A)(iv)
    Go to provision →
    (iv) the risk to public safety, including an evidence-based risk assessment of the danger to the public; and

Citations to §11103(35)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 10554(4)(A)(iii)
    Go to provision →
    (iii) promising evidence from not less than 1 well-designed and well-implemented correlational study with statistical controls for selection bias;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11102(4)
    Go to provision →
    (4) to support a continuum of evidence-based or promising programs (including delinquency prevention, intervention, mental health, behavioral health and substance abuse treatment, family services, and services for children exposed to violence) that are trauma informed, reflect the science of adolescent development, and are designed to meet the needs of at-risk youth and youth who come into contact with the justice system.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11117(5)
    Go to provision →
    (5) A description of the criteria used to determine what programs qualify as evidence-based and promising programs under this subchapter and subchapter V and a comprehensive list of those programs the Administrator has determined meet such criteria in both rural and urban areas.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(8)
    Go to provision →
    (8) provide for the coordination and maximum utilization of evidence-based and promising juvenile delinquency programs, programs operated by public and private agencies and organizations, and other related programs (such as education, special education, recreation, health, and welfare programs) in the State;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(9)
    Go to provision →
    (9) provide that not less than 75 percent of the funds available to the State under section 11132 of this title, other than funds made available to the State advisory group under section 11132(d) of this title, whether expended directly by the State, by the unit of local government, or by a combination thereof, or through grants and contracts with public or private nonprofit agencies, shall be used for, with priority in funding given to entities meeting the criteria for evidence-based or promising programs—
    (A) community-based alternatives (including home-based alternatives) to incarceration and institutionalization including—
    (i) for status offenders and other youth who need temporary placement: crisis intervention, shelter, and after-care;
    (ii) for youth who need residential placement: a continuum of foster care or group home alternatives that provide access to a comprehensive array of services; and
    (iii) for youth who need specialized intensive and comprehensive services that address the unique issues encountered by youth when they become involved with gangs;
    (B) community-based programs and services to work with—
    (i) status offenders, other youth, and the parents and other family members of such offenders and youth to strengthen families, including parent self-help groups, so that juveniles may remain in their homes;
    (ii) juveniles during their incarceration, and with their families, to ensure the safe return of such juveniles to their homes and to strengthen the families; and
    (iii) parents with limited English-speaking ability, particularly in areas where there is a large population of families with limited-English speaking ability;
    (C) comprehensive juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs that meet the needs of youth through the collaboration of the many local systems before which a youth may appear, including schools, courts, law enforcement agencies, child protection agencies, mental health agencies, welfare services, health care agencies, and private nonprofit agencies offering youth services;
    (D) programs that provide treatment to juvenile offenders who are victims of child abuse or neglect, and to their families, in order to reduce the likelihood that such juvenile offenders will commit subsequent violations of law;
    (E) educational programs or supportive services for at-risk or delinquent youth or other juveniles—
    (i) to encourage juveniles to remain in elementary and secondary schools or in alternative learning situations, including for truancy prevention and reduction;
    (ii) to provide services to assist juveniles in making the transition to the world of work and self-sufficiency; and
    (iii) enhance2 coordination with the local schools that such juveniles would otherwise attend, to ensure that—
    (I) the instruction that juveniles receive outside school is closely aligned with the instruction provided in school; and
    (II) information regarding any learning problems identified in such alternative learning situations are communicated to the schools;
    (F) programs to expand the use of probation officers—
    (i) particularly for the purpose of permitting nonviolent juvenile offenders (including status offenders) to remain at home with their families as an alternative to incarceration or institutionalization; and
    (ii) to ensure that juveniles follow the terms of their probation;
    (G) programs—
    (i) to ensure youth have access to appropriate legal representation; and
    (ii) to expand access to publicly supported, court-appointed legal counsel who are trained to represent juveniles in adjudication proceedings,
    except that the State may not use more than 2 percent of the funds received under section 11132 of this title for these purposes;
    (H) counseling, training, and mentoring programs, which may be in support of academic tutoring, vocational and technical training, and drug and violence prevention counseling, that are designed to link at-risk juveniles, juvenile offenders, or juveniles who have a parent or legal guardian who is or was incarcerated in a Federal, State, tribal, or local correctional facility or who is otherwise under the jurisdiction of a Federal, State, tribal, or local criminal justice system, particularly juveniles residing in low-income and high-crime areas and juveniles experiencing educational failure, with responsible individuals (such as law enforcement officials, Department of Defense personnel, individuals working with local businesses, and individuals working with community-based and faith-based organizations and agencies) who are properly screened and trained;
    (I) programs designed to develop and implement projects relating to juvenile delinquency and learning disabilities, including on-the-job training programs to assist community services, law enforcement, and juvenile justice personnel to more effectively recognize and provide for learning disabled and other juveniles with disabilities;
    (J) projects designed both to deter involvement in illegal activities and to promote involvement in lawful activities on the part of gangs whose membership is substantially composed of youth;
    (K) programs and projects designed to provide for the treatment of youths’ dependence on or abuse of alcohol or other addictive or nonaddictive drugs;
    (L) programs for positive youth development that assist delinquent and other at-risk youth in obtaining—
    (i) a sense of safety and structure;
    (ii) a sense of belonging and membership;
    (iii) a sense of self-worth and social contribution;
    (iv) a sense of independence and control over one’s life; and
    (v) a sense of closeness in interpersonal relationships;
    (M) programs that, in recognition of varying degrees of the seriousness of delinquent behavior and the corresponding gradations in the responses of the juvenile justice system in response to that behavior, are designed to—
    (i) encourage courts to develop and implement a continuum of pre-adjudication and post-adjudication alternatives that bridge the gap between traditional probation and confinement in a correctional setting (including specialized or problem-solving courts, expanded use of probation, mediation, restitution, community service, treatment, home detention, intensive supervision, electronic monitoring, and similar programs, and secure community-based treatment facilities linked to other support services such as health, mental health, education (remedial and special), job training, and recreation); and
    (ii) assist in the provision of information and technical assistance, including technology transfer, in the design and utilization of risk assessment mechanisms to aid juvenile justice personnel in determining appropriate sanctions for delinquent behavior;
    (N) community-based programs and services to work with juveniles, their parents, and other family members during and after incarceration in order to strengthen families and reduce the risk of recidivism;
    (O) programs (including referral to literacy programs and social service programs) to assist families with limited English-speaking ability that include delinquent juveniles to overcome language and other barriers that may prevent the complete treatment of such juveniles and the preservation of their families;
    (P) programs designed to prevent and to reduce hate crimes committed by juveniles;
    (Q) after-school programs that provide at-risk juveniles and juveniles in the juvenile justice system with a range of age-appropriate activities, including tutoring, mentoring, and other educational and enrichment activities;
    (R) community-based programs that provide follow-up post-placement services to adjudicated juveniles, to promote successful reintegration into the community;
    (S) projects designed to develop and implement programs to protect the rights of juveniles affected by the juvenile justice system;
    (T) programs designed to provide mental health or co-occurring disorder services for court-involved or incarcerated juveniles in need of such services, including assessment, development of individualized treatment plans, provision of treatment, and development of discharge plans;
    (U) programs and projects designed—
    (i) to inform juveniles of the opportunity and process for sealing and expunging juvenile records; and
    (ii) to assist juveniles in pursuing juvenile record sealing and expungements for both adjudications and arrests not followed by adjudications;
    except that the State may not use more than 2 percent of the funds received under section 11132 of this title for these purposes;
    (V) programs that address the needs of girls in or at risk of entering the juvenile justice system, including pregnant girls, young mothers, survivors of commercial sexual exploitation or domestic child sex trafficking, girls with disabilities, and girls of color, including girls who are members of an Indian Tribe; and
    (W) monitoring for compliance with the core requirements and providing training and technical assistance on the core requirements to secure facilities;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(a)(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) shall provide periodic training for States regarding implementation of the core requirements, current protocols and best practices for achieving and monitoring compliance, and information sharing regarding relevant Office resources on evidence-based and promising programs or practices that promote the purposes of this chapter.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11162(c)
    Go to provision →
    (c) The Administrator shall provide training and technical assistance to mental health professionals and law enforcement personnel (including public defenders, prosecutors, police officers, probation officers, judges, parole officials, and correctional officers) to address or to promote the development, testing, or demonstration of promising or innovative models (including model juvenile and family courts), programs, or delivery systems that address the needs of status offenders and juveniles who are alleged or adjudicated delinquent and who, as a result of such status, are placed in secure detention or confinement or in nonsecure residential placements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11171(a)
    Go to provision →
    (a) The Administrator may make grants to and contracts with States, units of general local government, Indian tribal governments, public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals, or combinations thereof, to carry out projects for the development, testing, and demonstration of promising initiatives and programs for the prevention, control, or reduction of juvenile delinquency. The Administrator shall ensure that, to the extent reasonable and practicable, such grants are made to achieve an equitable geographical distribution of such projects throughout the United States.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11311(3)
    Go to provision →
    (3) the term “delinquency prevention program” means a delinquency prevention program that is evidence-based or promising and that may include—
    (A) alcohol and substance abuse prevention or treatment services;
    (B) tutoring and remedial education, especially in reading and mathematics;
    (C) child and adolescent health and mental health services;
    (D) recreation services;
    (E) leadership and youth development activities;
    (F) the teaching that individuals are and should be held accountable for their actions;
    (G) assistance in the development of job training skills;
    (H) youth mentoring programs;
    (I) after-school programs;
    (J) coordination of a continuum of services that may include—
    (i) early childhood development services;
    (ii) voluntary home visiting programs;
    (iii) nurse-family partnership programs;
    (iv) parenting skills training;
    (v) child abuse prevention programs;
    (vi) family stabilization programs;
    (vii) child welfare services;
    (viii) family violence intervention programs;
    (ix) adoption assistance programs;
    (x) emergency, transitional and permanent housing assistance;
    (xi) job placement and retention training;
    (xii) summer jobs programs;
    (xiii) alternative school resources for youth who have dropped out of school or demonstrate chronic truancy;
    (xiv) conflict resolution skill training;
    (xv) restorative justice programs;
    (xvi) mentoring programs;
    (xvii) targeted gang prevention, intervention and exit services;
    (xviii) training and education programs for pregnant teens and teen parents; and
    (xix) pre-release, post-release, and reentry services to assist detained and incarcerated youth with transitioning back into and reentering the community; and
    (K) other data-driven evidence-based or promising prevention programs;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11311(3)(K)
    Go to provision →
    (K) other data-driven evidence-based or promising prevention programs;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11313(e)(5)(E)
    Go to provision →
    (E) the evidence or promising evaluation on which such delinquency prevention programs are based; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12291(b)(7)(B)
    Go to provision →
    (B) evaluations of promising practices or problems emerging in the field or related research, in order to inform the agency or agencies as to which programs or projects are likely to be effective or responsive to needs in the field.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12513(b)(1)
    Go to provision →
    (1) The Attorney General shall award grants on a competitive basis to eligible entities to collaborate with their mandatory partners to carry out the demonstration program under this section by implementing evidence-based or promising investigative policies and practices to incorporate trauma-informed, victim-centered techniques designed to—
    (A) prevent re-traumatization of the victim;
    (B) ensure that covered individuals use evidence-based practices to respond to and investigate cases of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking;
    (C) improve communication between victims and law enforcement officers in an effort to increase the likelihood of the successful investigation and prosecution of the reported crime in a manner that protects the victim to the greatest extent possible;
    (D) increase collaboration among stakeholders who are part of the coordinated community response to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking; and
    (E) evaluate the effectiveness of the training process and content.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12513(c)(1)(B)
    Go to provision →
    (B) conducting field investigations that mirror best and promising practices available at the time of the investigation;

Citations to §11103(36)

Citations to §11103(37)

Citations to §11103(38)

Citations to §11103(39)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 10281(o)(2)(B)
    Go to provision →
    (B) post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, or trauma and stress related disorders, suffered by a public safety officer who has contacted or attempted to contact the employee assistance program of the agency or entity that the officer serves, a licensed medical or mental health professional, suicide prevention services, or another mental health assistance service in order to receive help, treatment, or diagnosis for post-traumatic stress disorder or acute stress disorder, shall be presumed to constitute a personal injury within the meaning of subsection (a) or (b), sustained in the line of duty by the officer, if the officer, was exposed, while on duty, to one or more traumatic events and such exposure was a substantial factor in the disorder; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10446(k)(3)(B)(ii)
    Go to provision →
    (ii) a court may not, solely in order to improve a deficient relationship with the other parent of a child, restrict contact between the child and a parent or litigating party—
    (I) who is competent, protective, and not physically or sexually abusive; and
    (II) with whom the child is bonded or to whom the child is attached;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10446(k)(3)(B)(v)
    Go to provision →
    (v) any order to remediate the resistance of a child to have contact with a violent or abusive parent primarily addresses the behavior of that parent or the contributions of that parent to the resistance of the child before ordering the other parent of the child to take steps to potentially improve the relationship of the child with the parent with whom the child resists contact.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 10631(b)(5)
    Go to provision →
    (5) encouraging the involvement of prison, jail, or juvenile facility mentors in the reentry process and enabling those mentors to remain in contact with offenders while in custody and after reentry into the community;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11102(4)
    Go to provision →
    (4) to support a continuum of evidence-based or promising programs (including delinquency prevention, intervention, mental health, behavioral health and substance abuse treatment, family services, and services for children exposed to violence) that are trauma informed, reflect the science of adolescent development, and are designed to meet the needs of at-risk youth and youth who come into contact with the justice system.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(3)(D)(iii)
    Go to provision →
    (iii) contact and seek regular input from juveniles currently under the jurisdiction of the juvenile justice system; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(7)(B)(iv)
    Go to provision →
    (iv) a plan to provide alternatives to detention for status offenders, survivors of commercial sexual exploitation, and others, where appropriate, such as specialized or problem-solving courts or diversion to home-based or community-based services or treatment for those youth in need of mental health, substance abuse, or co-occurring disorder services at the time such juveniles first come into contact with the juvenile justice system;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(7)(B)(vii)
    Go to provision →
    (vii) a plan to use community-based services to respond to the needs of at-risk youth or youth who have come into contact with the juvenile justice system;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(15)
    Go to provision →
    (15) implement policy, practice, and system improvement strategies at the State, territorial, local, and tribal levels, as applicable, to identify and reduce racial and ethnic disparities among youth who come into contact with the juvenile justice system, without establishing or requiring numerical standards or quotas, by—
    (A) establishing or designating existing coordinating bodies, composed of juvenile justice stakeholders, (including representatives of the educational system) at the State, local, or tribal levels, to advise efforts by States, units of local government, and Indian Tribes to reduce racial and ethnic disparities;
    (B) identifying and analyzing data on race and ethnicity at decision points in State, local, or tribal juvenile justice systems to determine which such points create racial and ethnic disparities among youth who come into contact with the juvenile justice system; and
    (C) developing and implementing a work plan that includes measurable objectives for policy, practice, or other system changes, based on the needs identified in the data collection and analysis under subparagraph (B);
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11133(a)(15)(B)
    Go to provision →
    (B) identifying and analyzing data on race and ethnicity at decision points in State, local, or tribal juvenile justice systems to determine which such points create racial and ethnic disparities among youth who come into contact with the juvenile justice system; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11161(a)(1)(B)(xii)
    Go to provision →
    (xii) identifying positive outcome measures, such as attainment of employment and educational degrees, that States and units of local government should use to evaluate the success of programs aimed at reducing recidivism of youth who have come in contact with the juvenile justice system or criminal justice system;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11313(a)
    Go to provision →
    (a) The purpose of this section is to enable local communities to address the unmet needs of at-risk or delinquent youth, including through a continuum of delinquency prevention programs for juveniles who have had contact with the juvenile justice system or who are likely to have contact with the juvenile justice system.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(a)
    Go to provision →
    (a) It is the sense of Congress that, in order to ensure that at-risk youth, and youth who come into contact with the juvenile justice system or the criminal justice system, are treated fairly and that the outcome of that contact is beneficial to the Nation—
    (1) the Department of Justice, through its Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, must restore meaningful enforcement of the core requirements in subchapter II; and
    (2) States, which are entrusted with a fiscal stewardship role if they accept funds under subchapter II1 must exercise vigilant oversight to ensure full compliance with the core requirements for juveniles provided for in subchapter II.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12291(a)(25)(C)
    Go to provision →
    (C) contact information (including a postal, e-mail or Internet protocol address, or telephone or facsimile number);
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12291(a)(29)(A)
    Go to provision →
    (A) any injunction, restraining order, or any other order issued by a civil or criminal court for the purpose of preventing violent or threatening acts or harassment against, sexual violence or contact or communication with or physical proximity to, another person, including any temporary or final orders issued by civil or criminal courts whether obtained by filing an independent action or as a pendente lite order in another proceeding so long as any civil order was issued in response to a complaint, petition, or motion filed by or on behalf of a person seeking protection; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12301(b)(1)(C)
    Go to provision →
    (C) providing emergency phone lines to contact law enforcement or security personnel in areas within or adjacent to public transportation systems, including bus stops, subway stations, parking lots, or garages; or
  • 34 U.S.C. § 12410(2)
    Go to provision →
    (2) the term “protection order” includes an injunction or any other order issued for the purpose of preventing violent or threatening acts or harassment against, or contact or communication with or physical proximity to, another person, including temporary and final orders issued by civil or criminal courts (other than support or child custody orders) whether obtained by filing an independent action or as a pendente lite order in another proceeding so long as any civil order was issued in response to a complaint, petition, or motion filed by or on behalf of a person seeking protection.

Citations to §11103(40)

Citations to §11103(41)

Citations to §11103(42)

Citations to §11103(43)

Citations to §11103(44)

  • 34 U.S.C. § 11117(7)
    Go to provision →
    (7) An analysis and evaluation of the internal controls at the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention to determine if grantees are following the requirements of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention grant programs and what remedial action the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention has taken to recover any grant funds that are expended in violation of the grant programs, including instances—
    (A) in which supporting documentation was not provided for cost reports;
    (B) where unauthorized expenditures occurred; or
    (C) where subrecipients of grant funds were not compliant with program requirements.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(1)(A)(i)(I)
    Go to provision →
    (I) conduct a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the internal controls of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (referred to in this section as the “agency”) to determine if States and Indian Tribes receiving grants are following the requirements of the agency grant programs and what remedial action the agency has taken to recover any grant funds that are expended in violation of grant programs, including instances where—
    (aa) supporting documentation was not provided for cost reports;
    (bb) unauthorized expenditures occurred; and
    (cc) subrecipients of grant funds were not in compliance with program requirements;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(1)(A)(i)(II)
    Go to provision →
    (II) conduct a comprehensive audit and evaluation of a selected statistically significant sample of States and Indian Tribes (as determined by the Director) that have received Federal funds under subchapter II, including a review of internal controls to prevent fraud, waste, and abuse of funds by grantees; and
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(1)(A)(iii)(II)
    Go to provision →
    (II) whether grantees have sufficient internal controls to ensure adequate oversight of grant funds received;
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(1)(B)(i)
    Go to provision →
    (i) Not later than 30 days after December 21, 2018, the Administrator shall initiate a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the internal controls of the agency to determine whether, and to what extent, States and Indian Tribes that receive grants under subchapters II and V are following the requirements of the grant programs authorized under subchapters II and V.
  • 34 U.S.C. § 11322(b)(1)(B)(ii)(II)
    Go to provision →
    (II) a description of remedial actions, if any, that will be taken by the Administrator to enhance the internal controls of the agency and recoup funds that may have been expended in violation of law, regulations, or program requirements issued under subchapters II and V; and

Citations to §11103(45)