US Codex
U.S.C.
Notes

§2370c. Definitions — Inbound Citations

22 U.S.C. § 2370c

Cited by 21 provisions in release 119-102.

Citations to 22 U.S.C. § 2370c as a whole

Citations to §2370c(2)

  • 22 U.S.C. § 2370c–1(a)
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    (a) Subject to subsections (b) through (f), the authorities contained in sections 2321j, 2347, and 2348 of this title or section 2763 of this title may not be used to provide assistance to, and no licenses for direct commercial sales of military equipment may be issued to, the government of a country that is clearly identified, pursuant to subsection (b), for the most recent year preceding the fiscal year in which the authorities or license would have been used or issued in the absence of a violation of sections 2370c to 2370c–2 of this title, as having governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces, or government-supported armed groups, including paramilitaries, militias, or civil defense forces, that recruit or use child soldiers.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 2370c–1(c)(1)
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    (1) The President may waive the application to a country of the prohibition in subsection (a) if the President determines that such waiver is in the national interest of the United States and certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that the government of such country is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 2370c–1(d)(2)
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    (2) has implemented policies and mechanisms to prohibit and prevent future government or government-supported use of child soldiers and to ensure that no children are recruited, conscripted, or otherwise compelled to serve as child soldiers.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 2370c–1(e)(1)(A)
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    (A) the government of such country is taking reasonable steps to implement effective measures to demobilize child soldiers in its forces or in government-supported paramilitaries and is taking reasonable steps within the context of its national resources to provide demobilization, rehabilitation, and reintegration assistance to those former child soldiers; and
  • 22 U.S.C. § 2370c–1(f)
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    (f) The limitation set forth in subsection (a) that relates to section 2348 of this title shall not apply to programs that support military professionalization, security sector reform, heightened respect for human rights, peacekeeping preparation, or the demobilization and reintegration of child soldiers.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 2370c–2(a)
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    (a) United States missions abroad shall thoroughly investigate reports of the use of child soldiers.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 2370c–2(b)
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    (b) In preparing those portions of the annual Human Rights Report that relate to child soldiers under sections 2151n and 2304 of this title, the Secretary of State shall ensure that such reports include a description of the use of child soldiers in each foreign country, including—
    (1) trends toward improvement in such country of the status of child soldiers or the continued or increased tolerance of such practices; and
    (2) the role of the government of such country in engaging in or tolerating the use of child soldiers.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 2370c–2(b)(1)
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    (1) trends toward improvement in such country of the status of child soldiers or the continued or increased tolerance of such practices; and
  • 22 U.S.C. § 2370c–2(b)(2)
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    (2) the role of the government of such country in engaging in or tolerating the use of child soldiers.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 4028(c)
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    (c) The Secretary of State, with the assistance of other relevant officials, shall establish as part of the standard training provided for chiefs of mission, deputy chiefs of mission, and other officers of the Service who are or will be involved in the assessment of child soldier use or the drafting of the annual Human Rights Report instruction on matters related to child soldiers, and the substance of the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 7107(b)(3)(B)(v)
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    (v) employing or recruiting child soldiers.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 7513(a)(4)(L)
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    (L) disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration of armed combatants into society, particularly child soldiers; and
  • 22 U.S.C. § 10003(b)
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    (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 [22 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.] and the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008), the President is authorized to provide assistance under part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq. and 2346 et seq.)—
    (1) to provide for democracy and governance programs that strengthen and build the capacity of representative civilian government institutions, political parties, and civil society in Sudan;
    (2) to support the organization of free, fair, and credible elections in Sudan;
    (3) to provide technical support for legal and policy reforms that improve transparency and accountability and protect human rights, including religious freedom, and civil liberties in Sudan;
    (4) to support human rights and fundamental freedoms in Sudan, including the freedoms of—
    (A) religion or belief;
    (B) expression, including for members of the press;
    (C) assembly; and
    (D) association;
    (5) to support measures to improve and increase women’s participation in the political, economic, and social sectors of Sudan; and
    (6) to support other related democracy, good governance, rule of law, and fundamental freedom programs and activities.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 10004(a)
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    (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 [22 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.] and the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008), the President is authorized to provide assistance under part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq. and 2346 et seq.) and under the Better Utilization of Investments Leading to Development Act of 2018 (22 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.) for programs in Sudan—
    (1) to increase agricultural and livestock productivity;
    (2) to promote economic growth, increase private sector productivity and advance market-based solutions to address development challenges;
    (3) to support women’s economic empowerment and economic opportunities for youth and previously marginalized populations;
    (4) to improve equal access to quality basic education;
    (5) to support the capacity of universities to equip students to participate in a pluralistic and global society through virtual exchange and other programs;
    (6) to improve access to water, sanitation, and hygiene projects;
    (7) to build the capacity of national and subnational government officials to support the transparent management of public resources, promote good governance through combating corruption and improving accountability, increase economic productivity, and increase domestic resource mobilization; and
    (8) to support other related economic assistance programs and activities.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 10005(a)
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    (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 [22 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.] and the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008), the President is authorized to provide assistance under part I and chapters 4, 5, and 6 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq., 2346 et seq., and 2348 et seq.)—
    (1) to support long-term peace and stability in Sudan by promoting national reconciliation and enabling a just, comprehensive, and sustainable peace, especially in regions that have been underdeveloped or affected by war, such as the states of Darfur, South Kordofan, Blue Nile, Red Sea, and Kassala;
    (2) to support civil society and other organizations working to address conflict prevention, mitigation, and resolution mechanisms and people-to-people reconciliation in Sudan, especially those addressing issues of marginalization and vulnerable groups, equal protection under the law, natural resource management, compensation and restoration of property, voluntary return, and sustainable solutions for displaced persons and refugees;
    (3) to strengthen civilian oversight of the Sudanese security and intelligence services and ensure that such services are not contributing to the perpetuation of conflict in Sudan and to the limitation of the civil liberties of all people in Sudan;
    (4) to assist in the human rights vetting and professional training of security force personnel due to be employed or deployed by the Sudanese security and intelligence services in regions that have been underdeveloped or affected by war, such as the states of Darfur, South Kordofan, Blue Nile, Red Sea, and Kassala, including members of any security forces being established pursuant to a peace agreement relating to such regions;
    (5) to support provisions of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 and Abyei protocol, as appropriate, unless otherwise superseded by a new agreement signed in good faith—
    (A) between stakeholders in this region and the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to hold a free, fair, and credible referendum on the status of Abyei; and
    (B) between stakeholders in this region and the Government of Sudan to support popular consultations on the status of the states of South Kordofan and Blue Nile; and
    (6) to support other related conflict mitigation programs and activities.
  • 22 U.S.C. § 10006(b)
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    (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 [22 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.] and the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008), the President is authorized to provide assistance under part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq. and 2346 et seq.)—
    (1) to build the capacity of civilian investigators within and outside of Sudan on how to document, investigate, develop findings of, identify, and locate those responsible for war crimes, crimes against humanity, or genocide in Sudan;
    (2) to collect, document, and protect evidence of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide in Sudan and preserve the chain of custody for such evidence, including by providing support for Sudanese, foreign, and international nongovernmental organizations, and other entities engaged in such investigative activities;
    (3) to build Sudan’s judicial capacity to support prosecutions in domestic courts and support investigations by hybrid or international courts as appropriate;
    (4) to protect witnesses who participate in court proceedings or other transitional justice mechanisms; and
    (5) to support other related conflict mitigation programs and activities.