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Title IV — Miscellaneous provisions relating to tax-preferred health accounts

S. 12 · 116th Congress · Jan 3, 2019 · Lineage

IV Miscellaneous provisions relating to tax-preferred health accounts

Sec. 401 FSA and HRA interaction with HSAs

(a)
Eligible individuals include FSA and HRA participants— Subparagraph (B) of section 223(c)(1) is amended—
(1)
by striking “and” at the end of clause (ii);
(2)
by striking the period at the end of clause (iii) and inserting “, and”; and
(3)
by inserting after clause (iii) the following new clause:

“(iv) coverage under a health flexible spending arrangement or a health reimbursement arrangement in the plan year a qualified HSA distribution as described in section 106(e) is made on behalf of the individual if, after the qualified HSA distribution is made and for the remaining duration of the plan year, the coverage provided under the arrangement is converted solely to one or more of the following:

“(I) Post-deductible FSA or HRA—A health flexible spending arrangement or a health reimbursement arrangement that does not pay or reimburse any medical expense incurred before the minimum annual deductible under paragraph (2)(A)(i) (prorated for the period occurring after the qualified HSA distribution is made) is satisfied.

“(II) Preventative care—A health flexible spending arrangement or a health reimbursement arrangement that, after the qualified HSA distribution is made, does not pay or reimburse any medical expense incurred after the qualified HSA distribution is made other than preventive care as defined in paragraph (2)(C).

“(III) Limited purpose health FSA—A health flexible spending arrangement that, after the qualified HSA distribution is made, pays or reimburses benefits for coverage described in clause (ii) (but not through insurance or for long-term care services).

“(IV) Limited purpose HRA—A health reimbursement arrangement that, after the qualified HSA distribution is made, pays or reimburses benefits for permitted insurance or coverage described in clause (ii) (but not for long-term care services).

“(V) Retirement HRA—A health reimbursement arrangement that, after the qualified HSA distribution is made, pays or reimburses only those medical expenses incurred after an individual’s retirement (and no expenses incurred before retirement).

“(VI) Suspended HRA—A health reimbursement arrangement that, after the qualified HSA distribution is made, is suspended, pursuant to an election made on or before the date the individual elects a qualified HSA distribution or, if later, on the date of the individual enrolls in an HSA-qualified health plan, that does not pay or reimburse, at any time, any medical expense incurred during the suspension period except as described in the preceding subclauses of this clause.”

(b)
Qualified HSA distribution shall not affect flexible spending arrangement— Paragraph (1) of section 106(e) is amended to read as follows:

“(1) In general—A plan shall not fail to be treated as—

“(A) a health flexible spending arrangement under this section, section 105, or section 125,

“(B) a health reimbursement arrangement under this section or section 105, or

“(C) an accident or health plan,”

(c)
FSA balances at year end shall not forfeit— Paragraph (2) of section 125(d) is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

“(E) Exception for qualified HSA distributions—Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to the extent that there is an amount remaining in a health flexible spending account at the end of a plan year that an individual elects to contribute to a health savings account pursuant to a qualified HSA distribution (as defined in section 106(e)(2)).”

(d)
Simplification of limitations on FSA and HRA rollovers— Paragraph (2) of section 106(e) is amended to read as follows:

“(2) Qualified HSA distribution

“(A) In general—The term qualified HSA distribution means a distribution from a health flexible spending arrangement or health reimbursement arrangement directly to a health savings account of the employee to the extent that such distribution does not exceed the lesser of—

“(i) the balance in such arrangement as of the date of such distribution, or

“(ii) the amount determined under subparagraph (B).

“(B) Dollar limitations

“(i) Distributions from a health flexible spending arrangement—A qualified HSA distribution from a health flexible spending arrangement shall not exceed the applicable amount.

“(ii) Distributions from a health reimbursement arrangement—A qualified HSA distribution from a health reimbursement arrangement shall not exceed—

“(I) the applicable amount divided by 12, multiplied by

“(II) the number of months during which the individual is a participant in the health reimbursement arrangement.

“(iii) Applicable amount—For purposes of this subparagraph, the applicable amount is—

“(I) $2,250 in the case of an eligible individual who has self-only coverage under an HSA-qualified health plan at the time of such distribution, and

“(II) $4,500 in the case of an eligible individual who has family coverage under an HSA-qualified health plan at the time of such distribution.”

(e)
Elimination of additional tax for failure To maintain HSA-Qualified health plan coverage— Subsection (e) of section 106, as amended by section 101, is amended—
(1)
by striking paragraph (3) and redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and
(2)
by striking subparagraph (A) of paragraph (3), as so redesignated, and redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) of such paragraph as subparagraphs (A) and (B) thereof, respectively.
(f)
Limited purpose FSAs and HRAs— Subsection (e) of section 106, as amended by this section, is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

“(5) Limited purpose FSAs and HRAs—A plan shall not fail to be a health flexible spending arrangement, a health reimbursement arrangement, or an accident or health plan under this section or section 105 merely because the plan converts coverage for individuals who enroll in an HSA-qualified health plan described in section 223(c)(2) to coverage described in subclause (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V), or (VI) of section 223(c)(1)(B)(iv). Coverage for such individuals may be converted as of the date of enrollment in the HSA-qualified health plan, without regard to the period of coverage under the health flexible spending arrangement or health reimbursement arrangement, and without requiring any change in coverage to individuals who do not enroll in an HSA-qualified health plan.”

(g)
Distribution amounts adjusted for cost-of-Living— Subsection (e) of section 106, as amended by this section, is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

“(6) Cost-of-living adjustment

“(A) In general—In the case of any taxable year beginning in a calendar year after 2019, each of the dollar amounts in paragraph (2)(B)(iii) shall be increased by an amount equal to such dollar amount, multiplied by the cost-of-living adjustment determined under section 1(f)(3) for the calendar year in which such taxable year begins by substituting “calendar year 2018” for “calendar year 2016” in subparagraph (A)(ii) thereof.

“(B) Rounding—If any increase under paragraph (1) is not a multiple of $50, such increase shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of $50.”

(h)
Disclaimer of disqualifying coverage— Subparagraph (B) of section 223(c)(1), as amended by this section, is amended—
(1)
by striking “and” at the end of clause (iii);
(2)
by striking the period at the end of clause (iv) and inserting “, and”; and
(3)
by inserting after clause (iv) the following new clause:

“(v) any coverage (including prospective coverage) under a health plan that is not an HSA-qualified health plan which is disclaimed in writing, at the time of the creation or organization of the health savings account, including by execution of a trust described in subsection (d)(1) through a governing instrument that includes such a disclaimer, or by acceptance of an amendment to such a trust that includes such a disclaimer.”

(i)
Effective date— The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.

Sec. 402 Equivalent bankruptcy protections for health savings accounts as retirement funds

(a)
In general— Section 522 of title 11, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(r) Treatment of health savings accounts—For purposes of this section, any health savings account (as described in section 223 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) shall be treated in the same manner as an individual retirement account described in section 408 of such Code.”

(b)
Effective date— The amendment made by this section shall apply to cases commencing under title 11, United States Code, after the date of the enactment of this Act.

Sec. 403 Administrative error correction before due date of return

(a)
In general— Paragraph (4) of section 223(f) is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

“(D) Exception for administrative errors corrected before due date of return—Subparagraph (A) shall not apply if any payment or distribution is made to correct an administrative, clerical, or payroll contribution error and if—

“(i) such distribution is received by the individual on or before the last day prescribed by law (including extensions of time) for filing such individual's return for such taxable year, and

“(ii) such distribution is accompanied by the amount of net income attributable to such contribution.”

(b)
Effective date— The amendment made by this section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.

Sec. 404 Reauthorization of Medicaid health opportunity accounts

(a)
In general— Section 1938 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396u–8) is amended—
(1)
in subsection (a)—
(A)
by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:

“(2) Initial demonstration—The Secretary shall approve States to conduct demonstration programs under this section for a 5-year period, with each State demonstration program covering one or more geographic areas specified by the State. With respect to a State, after the initial 5-year period of any demonstration program conducted under this section by the State, unless the Secretary finds, taking into account cost-effectiveness and quality of care, that the State demonstration program has been unsuccessful, the demonstration program may be extended or made permanent in the State.”

(B)
in paragraph (3), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)—
(i)
by striking “not”; and
(ii)
by striking “unless” and inserting “if ”;
(2)
in subsection (b)—
(A)
in paragraph (3), by inserting “clause (i) through (vii), (viii) (without regard to the amendment made by section 2004(c)(2) of Public Law 111–148), (x), or (xi) of” after “described in ”; and
(B)
by striking paragraphs (4), (5), and (6);
(3)
in subsection (c)—
(A)
by striking paragraphs (3) and (4);
(B)
by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (8) as paragraphs (3) through (6), respectively; and
(C)
in paragraph (4) (as redesignated by subparagraph (B)), by striking “Subject to subparagraphs (D) and (E)” and inserting “Subject to subparagraph (D)”; and
(4)
in subsection (d)—
(A)
in paragraph (2), by striking subparagraph (E); and
(B)
in paragraph (3)—
(i)
in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking “Subject to subparagraph (B)(ii), in” and inserting “In”; and
(ii)
by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the following:

“(B) Maintenance of health opportunity account after becoming ineligible for public benefit—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if an account holder of a health opportunity account becomes ineligible for benefits under this title because of an increase in income or assets—

“(i) no additional contribution shall be made into the account under paragraph (2)(A)(i); and

“(ii) the account shall remain available to the account holder for 3 years after the date on which the individual becomes ineligible for such benefits for withdrawals under the same terms and conditions as if the account holder remained eligible for such benefits, and such withdrawals shall be treated as medical assistance in accordance with subsection (c)(4).”

(b)
Conforming amendment— Section 613 of Public Law 111–3 is repealed.

Sec. 405 Maximum contribution limit to health savings account increased to amount of deductible and out-of-pocket limitation

(a)
Self-Only coverage— Section 223(b)(2)(A) is amended by striking “$2,250” and inserting “the amount in effect under subsection (c)(2)(A)(ii)(I)”.
(b)
Family Coverage— Section 223(b)(2)(B) is amended by striking “$4,500” and inserting “the amount in effect under subsection (c)(2)(A)(ii)(II)”.
(c)
Conforming Amendments— Section 223(g)(1) is amended—
(1)
by striking “subsections (b)(2) and” both places it appears and inserting “subsection”; and
(2)
by striking “determined by” in subparagraph (B) thereof and all that follows through ““calendar year 2003”.” and inserting “determined by substituting “calendar year 2003” for “calendar year 2016” in subparagraph (A)(ii) thereof.”.
(d)
Effective Date— The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2019.