---
kind: "section"
citation: "49 U.S.C. § 32906"
title: "49"
title_heading: "Transportation"
number: "32906"
heading: "Maximum fuel economy increase for alternative fuel automobiles"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/49/32906"
units:
  - "Subtitle VI — Motor Vehicle and Driver Programs"
  - "Part C — Information, Standards, and Requirements"
  - "Chapter 329 — Automobile Fuel Economy"
---

# §32906. Maximum fuel economy increase for alternative fuel automobiles

- (a) **In General.—** For each of [model](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-15) years 1993 through 2019 for each category of automobile (except an electric automobile or, beginning with [model](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-15) year 2016, an [alternative fueled automobile](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-2) that uses a [fuel](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-10) described in [subparagraph (E)](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-1-E) of section 32901(a)(1)), the maximum increase in [average fuel economy](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-5) for a [manufacturer](/usc/49/30102.md?p=a-6) attributable to [dual fueled automobiles](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-9) is—
  - (1) 1.2 miles a gallon for each of [model](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-15) years 1993 through 2014;
  - (2) 1.0 miles per gallon for [model](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-15) year 2015;
  - (3) 0.8 miles per gallon for [model](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-15) year 2016;
  - (4) 0.6 miles per gallon for [model](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-15) year 2017;
  - (5) 0.4 miles per gallon for [model](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-15) year 2018;
  - (6) 0.2 miles per gallon for [model](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-15) year 2019; and
  - (7) 0 miles per gallon for [model](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-15) years after 2019.
- (b) **Calculation.—** In applying [subsection (a)](#a), the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency shall determine the increase in a [manufacturer](/usc/49/30102.md?p=a-6)’s [average fuel economy](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-5) attributable to [dual fueled automobiles](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-9) by subtracting from the [manufacturer](/usc/49/30102.md?p=a-6)’s [average fuel economy](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-5) calculated under [section 32905(f)](/usc/49/32905.md?p=f) the number equal to what the [manufacturer](/usc/49/30102.md?p=a-6)’s [average fuel economy](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-5) would be if it were calculated by the formula under [section 32904(a)(1)](/usc/49/32904.md?p=a-1) by including as the denominator for each [model](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-15) of [dual fueled automobiles](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-9) the [fuel economy](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-11) when the automobiles are operated on gasoline or diesel [fuel](/usc/49/32901.md?p=a-10).

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1067; Pub. L. 109–58, title VII, § 772(b), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 834; Pub. L. 110–140, title I, § 109(a), Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1505; Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title III, § 318(a), (d), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3341, 3342.)

## Notes

| Historical and Revision Notes |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Revised<br>Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
| 32906(a) | 15:2013(g)(1). | Oct. 20, 1972, Pub. L. 92–513, 86 Stat. 947, § 513(g)(1), (2)(A); added Oct. 14, 1988, Pub. L. 100–494, § 6(a), 102 Stat. 2449; Oct. 24, 1992, Pub. L. 102–486, § 403(5) (G)(i), (ii)(I), 106 Stat. 2877. |
| 32906(b) | 15:2013(g)(2)(A). |  |

### Editorial Notes

### Amendments

2014—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 113–291, § 318(a), substituted “(except an electric automobile or, beginning with model year 2016, an alternative fueled automobile that uses a fuel described in subparagraph (E) of section 32901(a)(1))” for “(except an electric automobile)” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 113–291, § 318(d), substituted “section 32905(f)” for “section 32905(e)”.

2007—Pub. L. 110–140 amended section generally, substituting provisions relating to maximum increase in average fuel economy for each of model years 1993 through 2019 and calculation of each such increase for provisions relating to maximum increase for each of model years 1993 through 2010 and authorizing offsets if the Secretary of Transportation reduced the average fuel economy standard for passenger automobiles for any model year below 27.5 miles per gallon.

2005—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 109–58, § 772(b)(1), substituted “model years 1993–2010” for “the model years 1993–2004”.

Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 109–58, § 772(b)(2), substituted “model years 2011–2014” for “the model years 2005–2008”.

### Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

### Effective Date of 2007 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–140 effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.