---
kind: "section"
citation: "42 U.S.C. § 294i–1"
title: "42"
title_heading: "The Public Health and Welfare"
number: "294i–1"
heading: "Emergency department alternatives to opioids program"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/42/294i-1"
units:
  - "Chapter 6A — Public Health Service"
  - "Subchapter V — Health Professions Education"
  - "Part D — Interdisciplinary, Community-Based Linkages"
---

# §294i–1. Emergency department alternatives to opioids program

- (a) **Grant program—**
  - (1) **In general—** The [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) of Health and Human [Services](/usc/42/201.md?p=a) (in this section referred to as the “[Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c)”) shall carry out a [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) for purposes of awarding grants to [hospitals](/usc/42/300s–3.md?p=1) and emergency departments, including freestanding emergency departments, to develop, implement, enhance, or study alternatives to opioids for pain management in such settings.
  - (2) **Eligibility—** To be eligible to receive a grant under [paragraph (1)](#a-1), a [hospital](/usc/42/300s–3.md?p=1) or emergency department shall submit an application to the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) may require.
  - (3) **Geographic distribution—** In awarding grants under this section, the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) shall seek to ensure geographical distribution among grant recipients.
  - (4) **Use of funds—** Grants under [paragraph (1)](#a-1) shall be used to—
    - (A) target [treatment](/usc/42/11851.md?p=11) approaches for painful conditions frequently treated in such settings;
    - (B) train [providers](/usc/42/299b–21.md?p=8) and other [hospital](/usc/42/300s–3.md?p=1) personnel on protocols or best [practices](/usc/42/17061.md?p=19) related to the use and prescription of opioids and alternatives to opioids for pain management in the emergency department; and
    - (C) develop or continue strategies to provide alternatives to opioids, as appropriate.
- (b) **Additional program—** The [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) may carry out a demonstration [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4)[^1] similar to the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) under [subsection (a)](#a) for other acute care settings.
- (c) **Consultation—** The [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) shall implement a process for recipients of grants under subsection [(a)](#a) or [(b)](#b) to share evidence-based and best [practices](/usc/42/17061.md?p=19) and promote consultation with persons having robust knowledge, including emergency departments and physicians that have successfully implemented [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) that use alternatives to opioids for pain management, as appropriate, such as approaches studied through the National Center for Complimentary and Integrative Health or other institutes and centers at the National Institutes of Health, as appropriate. The [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) shall offer to each recipient of a grant under subsection [(a)](#a) or [(b)](#b) technical assistance as necessary.
- (d) **Technical assistance—** The [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) shall identify or facilitate the development of best [practices](/usc/42/17061.md?p=19) on alternatives to opioids for pain management and provide technical assistance to [hospitals](/usc/42/300s–3.md?p=1) and other acute care settings on alternatives to opioids for pain management. The technical assistance provided shall be for the purpose of—
  - (1) utilizing information from recipients of a grant under subsection [(a)](#a) or [(b)](#b) that have successfully implemented alternatives to opioids [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4);
  - (2) identifying or facilitating the development of best [practices](/usc/42/17061.md?p=19) on the use of alternatives to opioids, which may include pain-management strategies that involve non-addictive medical products, non-pharmacologic [treatments](/usc/42/11851.md?p=11), and technologies or techniques to identify patients at risk for opioid use disorder;
  - (3) identifying or facilitating the development of best [practices](/usc/42/17061.md?p=19) on the use of alternatives to opioids that target common painful conditions and include certain patient populations, such as geriatric patients, pregnant women, and children; and
  - (4) disseminating information on the use of alternatives to opioids to [providers](/usc/42/299b–21.md?p=8) in acute care settings, which may include emergency departments, outpatient clinics, critical access [hospitals](/usc/42/300s–3.md?p=1), Federally qualified health centers, Indian Health [Service](/usc/42/201.md?p=a) health facilities, and Tribal [hospitals](/usc/42/300s–3.md?p=1).
- (e) **Report to the Secretary—** Each recipient of a grant under this section shall submit to the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) (during the period of such grant) annual reports on the progress of the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) funded through the grant. These reports shall include, in accordance with all applicable [State](/usc/42/201.md?p=f) and Federal privacy laws—
  - (1) a description of and specific information about the opioid alternative pain management [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4), including the demographic characteristics of patients who were treated with an alternative pain management protocol, implemented in [hospitals](/usc/42/300s–3.md?p=1), emergency departments, and other acute care settings;
  - (2) data on the opioid alternative pain management strategies used, including the number of opioid prescriptions written—
    - (A) during a baseline period before the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) began; or
    - (B) at various stages of the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4); and
  - (3) data on patients who were eventually prescribed opioids after alternative pain management protocols and [treatments](/usc/42/11851.md?p=11) were utilized; and
  - (4) any other information the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) determines appropriate.
- (f) **Reports to Congress—** Not later than the end of each of fiscal years 2024 and 2027, the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) shall submit to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report on the results of the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) and include in the report—
  - (1) the number of applications received and the number funded;
  - (2) a summary of the reports described in [subsection (e)](#e), including data that allows for comparison of [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4); and
  - (3) recommendations for broader implementation of pain management strategies that encourage the use of alternatives to opioids in [hospitals](/usc/42/300s–3.md?p=1), emergency departments, or other acute care settings.
- (g) **Authorization of appropriations—** To carry out this section, there is authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

## Footnotes

[^1]: So in original. Probably should be “a program”.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 115–271, title VII, § 7091, Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4035; Pub. L. 117–328, div. FF, title I, § 1221, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5673.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### Codification

Section was formerly classified as a note under section 294i of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Section was enacted as part of the Substance Use–Disorder Prevention that Promotes Opioid Recovery and Treatment for Patients and Communities Act or the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act, and not as part of the Public Health Service Act which comprises this chapter.

### Amendments

2022—Pub. L. 117–328, § 1221(1), struck out “demonstration” before “program” in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–328, § 1221(2)(A), amended heading generally. Prior to amendment, heading read as follows: “Demonstration program grants”.

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 117–328, § 1221(2)(B), struck out “demonstration” before “program”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–328, § 1221(3), struck out “demonstration” before “program” in heading.

Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 117–328, § 1221(4), substituted “Tribal” for “tribal”.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 117–328, § 1221(5), substituted “Reports” for “Report” in heading and “Not later than the end of each of fiscal years 2024 and 2027, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report on the results of the program” for “Not later than 1 year after completion of the demonstration program under this section, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Congress on the results of the demonstration program” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 117–328, § 1221(6), substituted “2023 through 2027” for “2019 through 2021”.