---
kind: "section"
citation: "42 U.S.C. § 290c"
title: "42"
title_heading: "The Public Health and Welfare"
number: "290c"
heading: "Advanced Research Projects Agency–Health"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/42/290c"
units:
  - "Chapter 6A — Public Health Service"
  - "Subchapter III — National Research Institutes"
  - "Part J — Advanced Research Projects Agency–Health"
---

# §290c. Advanced Research Projects Agency–Health

- (a) **Establishment—**
  - (1) **In general—** There is established within the National Institutes of Health the Advanced Research [Projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) [Agency](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1)–Health (referred to in this section as “ARPA–H”). Not later than 180 days after December 29, 2022, the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) shall transfer all functions, personnel, missions, activities, authorities, and funds of the Advanced Research [Projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) [Agency](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1) for Health as in existence on December 29, 2022, to ARPA–H established by the preceding sentence.
  - (2) **Organization—**
    - (A) **In general—** There shall be within ARPA–H—
      - (i) an Office of the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5);
      - (ii) not more than 8 [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) offices; and
      - (iii) such special [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) offices as the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may establish.
    - (B) **Requirement—** Not fewer than two-thirds of the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) offices of ARPA–H shall be exclusively dedicated to supporting research and development activities, consistent with the goals and functions described in [subsection (b)](#b).
    - (C) **Notification—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall submit a notification to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives if the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) determines that additional [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) offices are required to carry out this section.
  - (3) **Exemption from certain policies of NIH—**
    - (A) **In general—** Except as otherwise provided for in this section, and subject to [subparagraph (B)](#a-3-B), in establishing ARPA–H pursuant to [paragraph (1)](#a-1), the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) may exempt ARPA–H from policies and requirements of the National Institutes of Health that are in effect on the day before December 29, 2022, as necessary and appropriate to ensure ARPA–H can most effectively achieve the goals described in [subsection (b)(1)](#b-1).
    - (B) **Notice—** Not later than 90 days after December 29, 2022, the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) shall publish a notice in the Federal Register describing the specific policies and requirements of the National Institutes of Health from which the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) intends to exempt ARPA–H, including a rationale for such exemptions.
- (b) **Goals and functions—**
  - (1) **Goals—** The goals of ARPA–H shall be to—
    - (A) foster the development of novel, breakthrough, and broadly applicable capabilities and technologies to accelerate transformative innovation in biomedical science and medicine in a manner that cannot be readily accomplished through traditional Federal biomedical research and development [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) or commercial activity;
    - (B) revolutionize the detection, diagnosis, mitigation, prevention, [treatment](/usc/42/11851.md?p=11), and cure of diseases and health conditions by overcoming long-term and significant technological and scientific barriers to developing transformative health technologies;
    - (C) promote high-risk, high-reward innovation to enable the advancement of transformative health technologies; and
    - (D) contribute to ensuring the United States—
      - (i) pursues initiatives that aim to maintain global leadership in science and innovation; and
      - (ii) improves the health and wellbeing of its citizens by supporting the advancement of biomedical science and innovation.
  - (2) **Functions—** ARPA–H shall achieve the goals specified in [paragraph (1)](#b-1) by addressing specific scientific or technical questions by involving high-impact transformative, translational, applied, and advanced research in relevant areas of science, by supporting—
    - (A) discovery, identification, and promotion of revolutionary advancements in science;
    - (B) translation of scientific discoveries into transformative health technologies with potential application for biomedical science and medicine;
    - (C) creation of platform capabilities that draw on multiple disciplines;
    - (D) delivery of proofs of concept that demonstrate meaningful advances with potential clinical application;
    - (E) development of new capabilities and methods to identify potential targets and technological strategies for early disease detection and intervention, such as advanced computational tools and predictive models; and
    - (F) acceleration of transformational health technological advances in areas with limited technical certainty.
- (c) **Director—**
  - (1) **In general—** The President shall appoint a [director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) of ARPA–H (in this section referred to as the “[Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5)”).
  - (2) **Qualifications—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall be an individual who, by reason of professional background and experience—
    - (A) is especially qualified to advise the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) on, and manage—
      - (i) research and development [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4); and
      - (ii) large-scale, high-risk initiatives with respect to health research and technology development across multiple sectors, including identifying and supporting potentially transformative health technologies; and
    - (B) has a demonstrated ability to identify and develop partnerships to address strategic needs in meeting the goals described in [subsection (b)(1)](#b-1).
  - (3) **Reporting—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall report to the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) of Health and Human [Services](/usc/42/201.md?p=a).
  - (4) **Duties—** The duties of the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall include the following:
    - (A) Establish strategic goals, objectives, and priorities for ARPA–H to advance the goals described in [subsection (b)(1)](#b-1).
    - (B) Approve the [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) and [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) of ARPA–H and restructure, expand, or terminate any [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) or [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) within ARPA–H that is not achieving its goals.
    - (C) Develop funding criteria and assess the success of [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) through the establishment of technical milestones.
    - (D) Request that applications for funding disclose current and previous research and development efforts related to such applications, as appropriate, and identify any challenges associated with such efforts, including any scientific or technical barriers encountered in the course of such efforts or challenges in securing sources of funding, as applicable.
    - (E) Coordinate with the heads of relevant Federal departments and [agencies](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1) to facilitate sharing of data and information, as applicable and appropriate, and ensure that research supported by ARPA–H is informed by and supplements, not supplants, the activities of such departments and [agencies](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1) and is free of unnecessary duplication of effort.
    - (F) Ensure ARPA–H does not provide funding for a [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) unless the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) manager determines that the [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) aligns with the goals described in [subsection (b)(1)](#b-1).
    - (G) Prioritize investments based on considerations such as—
      - (i) scientific opportunity and potential impact, especially in areas that fit within the strategies and operating [practices](/usc/42/17061.md?p=19) of ARPA–H and require public-private partnerships to effectively advance research and development activities; and
      - (ii) the potential applications that an innovation may have to address areas of currently unmet need in medicine and health, including health disparities and the potential to prevent progression to serious disease.
    - (H) Encourage strategic collaboration and partnerships with a broad range of entities, which may include institutions of higher education, minority-serving institutions (defined, for the purposes of this section, as institutions and [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) described in [section 1063b(e)(1) of title 20](/usc/20/1063b.md?p=e-1) and institutions described in [section 1067q(a) of title 20](/usc/20/1067q.md?p=a)), industry, [nonprofit](/usc/42/300s–3.md?p=3) organizations, Federally funded research and development centers, or consortia of such entities.
  - (5) **Term—** Notwithstanding [section 284(a)(2) of this title](/usc/42/284.md?p=a-2), the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5)—
    - (A) shall be appointed for a 4-year term; and
    - (B) may be reappointed for 1 consecutive 4-year term.
  - (6) **Autonomy of Agency regarding recommendations and testimony—** No office or [agency](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1) of the United States shall have authority to require the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) to submit legislative recommendations, or testimony or comments on legislation, to any officer or [agency](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1) of the United States for approval, comments, or review prior to the submission of such recommendations, testimony or comments to Congress, if such recommendations, testimony, or comments to Congress include a statement indicating that the views expressed therein are those of the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the President or another Federal department, [agency](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1), or office.
  - (7) **Deputy Director—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall appoint a Deputy [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) to serve as the principal assistant to the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5).
  - (8) **Nonapplication of certain provision—** The restrictions contained in [section 202](/usc/42/202.md) of the Departments of Labor, Health and Human [Services](/usc/42/201.md?p=a), and Education, and Related [Agencies](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1) Appropriations Act, 1993 (Public Law 102–394; [42 U.S.C. 238f](/usc/42/238f.md) note) related to consultants and individual scientists appointed for limited periods of time shall not apply to the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) appointed under this subsection.
- (d) **Application of certain flexibilities—** The flexibilities provided to the National Institutes of Health under [section 241(g) of this title](/usc/42/241.md?p=g) shall apply to ARPA–H with respect to the functions described in [subsection (b)(2)](#b-2).
- (e) **Protection of information—**
  - (1) **No authorization for disclosure—** Nothing in this section shall be construed as authorizing the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) to disclose any information that is a trade secret or other privileged or confidential information subject to [section 552(b)(4) of title 5](/usc/5/552.md?p=b-4) or [section 1905 of title 18](/usc/18/1905.md).
  - (2) **Reporting—** If there have been requests under section 522[^1] of title 5 or the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) has used such authority to withhold information within the preceding year, not later than 1 year after December 29, 2022, and annually thereafter, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall report to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives on—
    - (A) the number of instances in which the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) has used the authority under this subsection to withhold information from disclosure; and
    - (B) the nature of any request under [section 552 of title 5](/usc/5/552.md) or [section 1905 of title 18](/usc/18/1905.md) that was denied using such authority.
  - (3) **Clarification—** The protections for trade secrets or other privileged or confidential information described in [paragraph (1)](#e-1) shall not be construed to limit the availability or disclosure of information necessary to inform and facilitate the evaluation required under [subsection (k)(2)](#k-2). Any such information made available to members of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (referred to in this section as the “National Academies”) for such evaluation shall be kept confidential by such members and shall not be used for any purposes other than informing and facilitating the evaluation required under [subsection (k)(2)](#k-2).
- (f) **Cooperation with the Food and Drug Administration—**
  - (1) **In general—** In order to facilitate the enhanced collaboration and communication with respect to the most current priorities of ARPA–H, the Food and [Drug](/usc/42/11851.md?p=4) Administration may meet with ARPA–H and any other Federal partners at appropriate intervals to discuss the development status, and actions that may be taken to facilitate the development, of medical products and [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) that are the highest priorities to ARPA–H.
  - (2) **Reimbursement—** Utilizing interagency agreements or other appropriate resource [allocation](/usc/42/2021b.md?p=2) mechanisms available, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall reimburse, using funds made available to ARPA–H, the Food and [Drug](/usc/42/11851.md?p=4) Administration, as appropriate, for activities identified by the Commissioner of Food and [Drugs](/usc/42/11851.md?p=4) and the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) as being conducted by the Food and [Drug](/usc/42/11851.md?p=4) Administration under the authority of this subsection.
- (g) **Awards—**
  - (1) **In general—** In carrying out this section, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may—
    - (A) award grants and cooperative agreements, which shall include requirements to publicly report indirect facilities and administrative costs, broken out by fixed capital costs, administrative overhead, and labor costs;
    - (B) award contracts, which may include multi-year contracts subject to [section 3903 of title 41](/usc/41/3903.md);
    - (C) award cash prizes, utilizing the authorities and processes established under [section 3719 of title 15](/usc/15/3719.md); and
    - (D) enter into other transactions, as defined by [section 247d–7e(a)(3) of this title](/usc/42/247d–7e.md?p=a-3), subject to [paragraph (2)](#g-2).
  - (2) **Limitations on entering into other transactions—**
    - (A) **Use of competitive procedures—** To the maximum extent practicable, competitive procedures shall be used when entering into other transactions under this section.
    - (B) **Written determination required—** The authority of [paragraph (1)(D)](#g-1-D) may be exercised for a [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) if the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) manager—
      - (i) submits a request to the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) for each individual use of such authority before conducting or supporting a [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4), including an explanation of why the use of such authority is essential to promoting the success of the [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2);
      - (ii) receives approval for the use of such authority from the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5); and
      - (iii) for each year in which the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) manager has used such authority in accordance with this paragraph, submits a report to the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) on the activities of the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) related to such [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2).
  - (3) **Exemptions from certain requirements—** Research funded by ARPA–H shall not be subject to the requirements of [section 284a(a)(3)(A)(ii) of this title](/usc/42/284a.md?p=a-3-A-ii) or [section 289a of this title](/usc/42/289a.md).
- (h) **Facilities authority—**
  - (1) **In general—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) is authorized, for administrative purposes, to—
    - (A) acquire (by purchase, lease, condemnation or otherwise), construct, improve, [repair](/usc/42/300j–21.md?p=4), operate, and maintain such real and personal property as are necessary to carry out this section; and
    - (B) lease an interest in property for not more than 20 years, notwithstanding [section 1341(a)(1) of title 31](/usc/31/1341.md?p=a-1).
  - (2) **Locations—**
    - (A) **In general—** ARPA–H, including its headquarters, shall not be located on any part of the existing National Institutes of Health campuses.
    - (B) **Number of locations—** ARPA–H shall have offices or facilities in not less than 3 geographic areas.
    - (C) **Considerations—** In determining the location of each office or facility, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall make a fair and open consideration of—
      - (i) the characteristics of the intended location; and
      - (ii) the extent to which such location will facilitate advancement of the goals and functions specified in [subsection (b)](#b).
- (i) **Personnel—**
  - (1) **In general—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may—
    - (A) appoint and remove scientific, engineering, medical, and professional personnel, which may include temporary or term-limited appointments as determined by the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) to fulfill the mission of ARPA–H, without regard to any provision in [title 5](/usc/5.md) governing appointments and removals under the civil [service](/usc/42/201.md?p=a) laws;
    - (B) notwithstanding any other provision of law, including any requirement with respect to General Schedule pay rates under subchapter III of [chapter 53](/usc/5/chptIII/sptD/ch53.md) of title 5, fix the base pay compensation of such personnel at a rate to be determined by the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5), up to the amount of annual compensation (excluding expenses) specified in [section 102 of title 3](/usc/3/102.md); and
    - (C) contract with private recruiting firms for assistance in identifying highly qualified candidates for technical positions needed to carry out this section.
  - (2) **Support staff—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may use authorities in existence on December 29, 2022, that are provided to the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) to hire administrative, financial, clerical, and other staff necessary to carry out functions that support the goals and functions described in [subsection (b)](#b).
  - (3) **Number of personnel—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may appoint not more than 210 personnel under this section. The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall submit a notification to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives if the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) determines that additional personnel are required to carry out this section.
  - (4) **Clarification on previous positions—**
    - (A) **In general—** Except as provided in [subparagraph (B)](#i-4-B), the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall ensure that the personnel who are appointed to staff or support ARPA–H are individuals who, at the time of appointment and for 3 years prior to such appointment, were not employed by the National Institutes of Health. The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may grant an exemption only for individuals who are uniquely qualified, by way of professional background and expertise, to advance the goals and functions specified in [subsection (b)](#b).
    - (B) **Nonapplication of provision—** The restriction provided under [subparagraph (A)](#i-4-A) shall not apply to any individuals who are employed by ARPA–H on December 29, 2022.
  - (5) **Additional considerations—** In appointing personnel under this subsection, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5)—
    - (A) may contract with private entities for the purposes of recruitment [services](/usc/42/201.md?p=a);
    - (B) shall make efforts to recruit a diverse workforce, including individuals underrepresented in science, engineering, and medicine, including racial and ethnic minorities, provided such efforts do not conflict with applicable Federal civil rights law, and individuals with a variety of professional experiences or backgrounds; and
    - (C) shall recruit [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) managers with demonstrated expertise in a wide range of scientific disciplines and management skills.
  - (6) **Use of Intergovernmental Personnel Act—** To the extent needed to carry out the authorities under [paragraph (1)](#i-1) and the goals and functions specified in [subsection (b)](#b), the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may utilize hiring authorities under sections 3371 through 3376 of title 5.
  - (7) **Authority to accept Federal detailees—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may accept officers or [employees](/usc/42/300gg–91.md?p=d-5) of the United States or members of the [uniformed service](/usc/42/201.md?p=p) on a detail from an element of the Federal Government, on a reimbursable or a nonreimbursable basis, as jointly agreed to by the heads of the receiving and detailing elements, for a period not to exceed 3 years.
- (j) **Program managers—**
  - (1) **In general—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall appoint [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) managers for 3-year terms (and may reappoint such [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) managers for 1 additional consecutive 3-year term) for the [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) carried out by ARPA–H.
  - (2) **Duties—** A [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) manager shall—
    - (A) establish, in consultation with the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5), research and development goals for [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4), including timelines and milestones, and make such goals available to the public;
    - (B) manage applications and proposals, through the appropriate officials, for making awards as described in [subsection (g)](#g) for activities consistent with the goals and functions described in [subsection (b)](#b);
    - (C) issue funding opportunity announcements, using uniform administrative processes, as appropriate;
    - (D) select, on the basis of merit, each of the [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) to be supported under a [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) carried out by ARPA–H, and taking into consideration—
      - (i) the scientific, technical merit, and novelty of the proposed [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2);
      - (ii) the ability of the applicant to successfully carry out the proposed [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2);
      - (iii) the potential future commercial applications of the [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) proposed by the applicant, including whether such applications may have the potential to address areas of currently unmet need within biomedicine and improve health outcomes;
      - (iv) the degree to which the proposed [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) has the potential to transform biomedicine and addresses a scientific or technical question pursuant to [subsection (b)](#b);
      - (v) the potential for the [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) to take an interdisciplinary approach; and
      - (vi) such other criteria as established by the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5);
    - (E) provide [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) oversight and management of strategic initiatives to advance the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4), including by conducting [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) reviews not later than 18 months after the date of funding awards to identify and monitor progress of milestones with respect to each [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) and prior to disbursement of additional funds;
    - (F) provide recommendations to the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) with respect to advancing the goals and functions specified in [subsection (b)](#b);
    - (G) encourage research collaborations and cultivate opportunities for the application or utilization of successful [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2), including through identifying and supporting applicable public-private partnerships or partnerships between or among award recipients;
    - (H) provide recommendations to the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) to establish, expand, restructure, or terminate partnerships or [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2); and
    - (I) communicate and collaborate with leaders and experts within the health care and biomedical research and development fields, including from both the public and private sectors and, as necessary, through the convening of workshops and meetings, to identify research and development gaps and opportunities and solicit stakeholder input on [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) and goals.
- (k) **Reports and evaluation—**
  - (1) **Annual report—**
    - (A) **In general—** Beginning not later than 1 year after December 29, 2022, as part of the annual budget request submitted for each fiscal year, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall submit a report on the actions undertaken, and the results generated, by ARPA–H, including—
      - (i) a description of [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) supported by ARPA–H in the previous fiscal year and whether such [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) are meeting the goals developed by the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) pursuant to [subsection (c)(4)(A)](#c-4-A);
      - (ii) a description of [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) terminated in the previous fiscal year, and the reason for such termination;
      - (iii) a description of planned [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) starting in the next fiscal year, pending the availability of funding;
      - (iv) activities conducted in coordination with other Federal departments and [agencies](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1);
      - (v) a description of any successes with, or barriers to, coordinating with other Federal departments and [agencies](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1) to achieve the goals and functions under [subsection (b)](#b);
      - (vi) aggregated demographic information, if available, of direct recipients and performers in funded [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) and of the ARPA–H workforce (consistent with the reporting requirements under [paragraph (3)](#k-3)); and
      - (vii) a summary of award recipient compliance with [section 242v of this title](/usc/42/242v.md).
    - (B) **Submission to Congress—** The report under [subparagraph (A)](#k-1-A) shall be submitted to—
      - (i) the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and
      - (ii) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.
  - (2) **Evaluation—**
    - (A) **In general—** Not later than 5 years after December 29, 2022, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall seek to enter into an agreement with the National Academies under which the National Academies conducts an evaluation of whether ARPA–H is meeting the goals and functions specified in [subsection (b)](#b).
    - (B) **Submission of results—** The agreement entered into under [subparagraph (A)](#k-2-A) shall require the National Academies to submit the evaluation conducted under such agreement to the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5), the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives, and make the report publicly available.
  - (3) **Reporting related to ARPA–H personnel—**
    - (A) **In general—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall establish and maintain records regarding the use of the authority under [subsection (i)(1)(A)](#i-1-A), including—
      - (i) the number of positions filled through such authority;
      - (ii) the types of appointments of such positions;
      - (iii) the titles, occupational series, and grades of such positions;
      - (iv) the number of positions publicly noticed to be filled under such authority;
      - (v) the number of qualified applicants who apply for such positions;
      - (vi) the qualification criteria for such positions; and
      - (vii) the demographic information of individuals appointed to such positions.
    - (B) **Reports to Congress—** Not later than 2 years after December 29, 2022, and annually thereafter for each fiscal year in which such authority is used, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall submit to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report describing the total number of appointments filled under [subsection (i)](#i) within the fiscal year and how the positions relate to the goals and functions of ARPA–H.
    - (C) **GAO report—** Not later than 2 years after December 29, 2022, the [Comptroller General](/usc/42/300x–64.md?p=b-1) of the United States shall submit to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report on the use of the authority provided under [subsection (i)(1)(A)](#i-1-A). Such report shall, in a manner that protects personal privacy, to the extent required by applicable Federal and [State](/usc/42/201.md?p=f) privacy law, at a minimum, include information on—
      - (i) the number of positions publicly noticed and filled under the authority under [subsection (i)](#i);
      - (ii) the occupational series, grades, and types of appointments of such positions;
      - (iii) how such positions related to advancing the goals and functions of ARPA–H;
      - (iv) how the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) made appointment decisions under [subsection (i)](#i);
      - (v) a summary of sources used to identify candidates for filling such positions, as applicable;
      - (vi) the number of individuals appointed;
      - (vii) aggregated demographic information related to individuals appointed; and
      - (viii) any challenges, limitations, or gaps related to the use of the authority under [subsection (i)](#i) and any related recommendations to address such challenges, limitations, or gaps.
- (l) **Strategic plan—** Not later than 1 year after December 29, 2022, and every 3 years thereafter, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall provide to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives a strategic plan describing how ARPA–H will carry out investments each fiscal year in the following 3-year period. The requirements regarding individual institute and center strategic plans under [section 282(m) of this title](/usc/42/282.md?p=m), including paragraph (3) of such subsection, shall not apply to ARPA–H.
- (m) **Independent review—** Not later than 1 year after December 29, 2022, and every 4 years thereafter, the [Comptroller General](/usc/42/300x–64.md?p=b-1) of the United States shall conduct, and submit to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives, an independent review of the biomedical research and development portfolio of the Department of Health and Human [Services](/usc/42/201.md?p=a), including ARPA–H, the National Institutes of Health, the Food and [Drug](/usc/42/11851.md?p=4) Administration, and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority—
  - (1) to assess the degree of any potential duplication of existing Federal [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) and [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2); and
  - (2) to make any recommendations regarding any potential reorganization, consolidation, or termination of such [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) and [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2).
- (n) **Prioritization—**
  - (1) **In general—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall—
    - (A) prioritize awarding grants, cooperative agreements, contracts, prizes, and other transaction awards to entities that will conduct funded work in the United States;
    - (B) as appropriate and practicable, encourage nondomestic recipients of any grants, cooperative agreements, contracts, prizes, and other transactions under this section to collaborate with a domestic entity;
    - (C) not make awards under this section to nondomestic entities organized under the laws of a covered foreign country (as defined in [section 3059 of title 50](/usc/50/3059.md)); and
    - (D) in accordance with the requirements of [chapter 33](/usc/41/chstI/dC/ch33.md) of title 41 and the Federal Acquisition Regulation, not make awards under this section to entities that have more than 3 ongoing concurrent awards under this section.
  - (2) **Clarification—** In making an award under this section, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may waive the requirements of subparagraphs [(A)](#n-1-A), [(B)](#n-1-B), and [(D)](#n-1-D) of paragraph (1) if such requirements cannot reasonably be met, and the proposed [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) has the potential to advance the goals described in [subsection (b)(1)](#b-1). The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall provide notice to Congress not later than 30 days after waiving such requirements.
- (o) **Additional consultation—** In carrying out this section, the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may consult with—
  - (1) the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology;
  - (2) representatives of professional or scientific organizations, including academia and industry, with expertise in specific technologies under consideration or development by ARPA–H;
  - (3) an existing [advisory committee](/usc/42/17061.md?p=2) providing advice to the [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) or the head of any operating or staff division of the Department;
  - (4) the [advisory committee](/usc/42/17061.md?p=2) established under [subsection (p)](#p); and
  - (5) any other entity the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) may deem appropriate.
- (p) **Advisory Committee—**
  - (1) **In general—** There is established an ARPA–H Interagency [Advisory Committee](/usc/42/17061.md?p=2) (referred to in this subsection as the “[Advisory Committee](/usc/42/17061.md?p=2)”) to coordinate efforts and provide advice and assistance on specific [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) or [project](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) tasks and the overall direction of ARPA–H.
  - (2) **Members—** The [Advisory Committee](/usc/42/17061.md?p=2) established under [paragraph (1)](#p-1) shall consist of the heads of the following [agencies](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1) or their designees:
    - (A) The National Institutes of Health.
    - (B) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
    - (C) The Food and [Drug](/usc/42/11851.md?p=4) Administration.
    - (D) The Office of the Assistant [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) for Preparedness and Response.
    - (E) The Office of the Assistant [Secretary](/usc/42/201.md?p=c) of Health.
    - (F) The Defense Advanced Research [Projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) [Agency](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1).
    - (G) The Office of Science of the Department of Energy.
    - (H) The National Science Foundation.
    - (I) Any other [agency](/usc/42/8262.md?p=1) or office with subject matter expertise that the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) of ARPA–H determines appropriate to advance [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) or [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) under this section.
  - (3) **Nonapplicability of FACA—** The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.)[^2] shall not apply to the [Advisory Committee](/usc/42/17061.md?p=2).
  - (4) **Advisory nature—** The functions of the [Advisory Committee](/usc/42/17061.md?p=2) shall be advisory in nature, and nothing in this subsection shall be construed as granting such Committee authority over the activities authorized under this section.
  - (5) **Performance measures framework—**
    - (A) **In general—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5), in consultation with the [Advisory Committee](/usc/42/17061.md?p=2), shall develop a performance measures framework for [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) or [projects](/usc/42/13641.md?p=2) supported by ARPA–H in order to inform and facilitate the evaluation required under [subsection (k)(2)](#k-2), including identification of any data needed to perform such evaluation,
    - (B) **Availability of performance measures—** The [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5) shall provide to the National Academies such performance measures and data necessary to perform the evaluation required under [subsection (k)(2)](#k-2).
- (q) **Rule of construction—** The authorities under this section, with respect to the [Director](/usc/42/11851.md?p=5), are additional authorities that do not supersede or modify any existing authorities.
- (r) **Transformative health technology defined—** In this section, the term “transformative health technology” means a novel, broadly applicable capability or technology—
  - (1) that has potential to revolutionize the detection, diagnosis, mitigation, prevention, cure, or [treatment](/usc/42/11851.md?p=11) of a disease or health condition that can cause severe health outcomes and which is an area of currently unmet need; and
  - (2) for which—
    - (A) significant scientific or technical challenges exist; or
    - (B) incentives in the commercial market are unlikely to result in the adequate or timely development of such capability or technology.
- (s) **Authorization of appropriations—** To carry out this section, there is authorized to be appropriated $500,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2024 through 2028, to remain available until expended.
- (t) **Additional budget clarification—** Any budget request for ARPA–H shall propose a separate appropriation from the other accounts of the National Institutes of Health.

## Footnotes

[^1]: So in original. Probably should be “section 552”.
[^2]: See References in Text note below.

## Source credit

(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 499A, as added Pub. L. 117–328, div. FF, title II, § 2331(a), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5770.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### References in Text

The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (p)(3), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was substantially repealed and restated in chapter 10 (§ 1001 et seq.) of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286, §§ 3(a), 7, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4197, 4361. For disposition of sections of the Act into chapter 10 of Title 5, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 5.

### Prior Provisions

A prior section 499A of act July 1, 1944, was renumbered section 499 by Pub. L. 103–43 and is classified to section 290b of this title.