---
kind: "section"
citation: "34 U.S.C. § 11162"
title: "34"
title_heading: "Crime Control and Law Enforcement"
number: "11162"
heading: "Training and technical assistance"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/34/11162"
units:
  - "Subtitle I — Comprehensive Acts"
  - "Chapter 111 — Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention"
  - "Subchapter II — Programs and Offices"
  - "Part D — Research; Evaluation; Technical Assistance; Training"
---

# §11162. Training and technical assistance

- (a) **Training—** The [Administrator](/usc/34/11103.md?p=5)—
  - (1) shall develop and carry out projects for the purpose of training representatives and personnel of public and private agencies, including practitioners in juvenile justice, [law enforcement](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-23), [courts](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-7) (including model juvenile and family [courts](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-7)), corrections, schools, and related [services](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-51), to carry out the purposes specified in [section 11102 of this title](/usc/34/11102.md);
  - (2) may make grants to and contracts with public and private agencies, institutions, and organizations for the purpose of training representatives and personnel of public and private agencies, including practitioners in juvenile justice, [law enforcement](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-23), [courts](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-7) (including model juvenile and family [courts](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-7)), corrections, schools, and related [services](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-51), to carry out the purposes specified in [section 11102 of this title](/usc/34/11102.md); and
  - (3) shall provide periodic training for [States](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7) regarding implementation of the [core requirements](/usc/34/11103.md?p=30), current protocols and best practices for achieving and monitoring compliance, and information sharing regarding relevant Office resources on [evidence-based](/usc/34/11103.md?p=34) and [promising](/usc/34/11103.md?p=35) programs or practices that promote the purposes of this chapter.
- (b) **Technical assistance—** The [Administrator](/usc/34/11103.md?p=5)—
  - (1) shall develop and implement projects for the purpose of providing technical assistance to representatives and personnel of public and private agencies and organizations, including practitioners in juvenile justice, [law enforcement](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-23), [courts](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-7) (including model juvenile and family [courts](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-7)), corrections, schools, and related [services](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-51), in the establishment, implementation, and operation of programs, projects, and activities for which financial assistance is provided under this subchapter, including compliance with the [core requirements](/usc/34/11103.md?p=30);
  - (2) may make grants to and contracts with public and private agencies, institutions, and organizations, for the purpose of providing technical assistance to representatives and personnel of public and private agencies, including practitioners in juvenile justice, [law enforcement](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-23), [courts](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-7) (including model juvenile and family [courts](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-7)), corrections, schools, and related [services](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-51), in the establishment, implementation, and operation of programs, projects, and activities for which financial assistance is provided under this subchapter;
  - (3) shall provide technical assistance to [States](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7) and units of local government on achieving compliance with the amendments to the [core requirements](/usc/34/11103.md?p=30) and [State](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7) Plans made by the Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018, including training and technical assistance and, when appropriate, pilot or demonstration projects intended to develop and replicate best practices for achieving sight and sound separation in facilities or portions of facilities that are open and available to the general public and that may or may not contain a jail or a lock-up; and
  - (4) shall provide technical assistance to [States](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7) in support of efforts to establish partnerships between a [State](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7) and a university, institution of higher education, or research center designed to improve the recruitment, selection, training, and retention of professional personnel in the fields of medicine, [law enforcement](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-23), the judiciary, juvenile justice, social work and child protection, education, and other relevant fields who are engaged in, or intend to work in, the field of prevention, identification, and [treatment](/usc/34/11103.md?p=15) of delinquency.
- (c) **Training and technical assistance to mental health professionals and law enforcement personnel—** The [Administrator](/usc/34/11103.md?p=5) shall provide training and technical assistance to mental health professionals and [law enforcement](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-23) personnel (including public defenders, prosecutors, police officers, probation officers, judges, parole officials, and correctional officers) to address or to promote the development, testing, or demonstration of [promising](/usc/34/11103.md?p=35) or innovative models (including model juvenile and family [courts](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-7)), programs, or delivery systems that address the needs of [status offenders](/usc/34/11103.md?p=42) and juveniles who are alleged or adjudicated delinquent and who, as a result of such status, are placed in secure detention or confinement or in nonsecure residential placements.
- (d) **Best practices regarding legal representation of children—** In consultation with experts in the field of juvenile defense, the [Administrator](/usc/34/11103.md?p=5) shall—
  - (1) share best practices that may include sharing standards of practice developed by recognized entities in the profession, for attorneys representing children; and
  - (2) provide a [State](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7), if it so requests, technical assistance to implement any of the best practices shared under [paragraph (1)](#d-1).
- (e) **Best practices for status offenders—** Based on the available research and [State](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7) practices, the [Administrator](/usc/34/11103.md?p=5) shall—
  - (1) disseminate best practices for the [treatment](/usc/34/11103.md?p=15) of [status offenders](/usc/34/11103.md?p=42) with a focus on reduced recidivism, improved long-term outcomes, and limited usage of [valid court orders](/usc/34/11103.md?p=16) to place [status offenders](/usc/34/11103.md?p=42) in secure detention; and
  - (2) provide a [State](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7), on request, technical assistance to implement any of the best practices shared under [paragraph (1)](#e-1).
- (f) **Training and technical assistance for local and State juvenile detention and corrections personnel—** The [Administrator](/usc/34/11103.md?p=5) shall coordinate training and technical assistance programs with juvenile detention and corrections personnel of [States](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7) and units of local government—
  - (1) to promote methods for improving conditions of juvenile confinement, including methods that are designed to minimize the use of [dangerous practices](/usc/34/11103.md?p=36), unreasonable [restraints](/usc/34/11103.md?p=33), and [isolation](/usc/34/11103.md?p=32) and methods responsive to cultural differences; and
  - (2) to encourage alternative behavior management techniques based on positive [youth](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-52) development approaches that may include methods responsive to cultural differences.
- (g) **Training and technical assistance to support mental health or substance abuse treatment including home-based or community-based care—** The [Administrator](/usc/34/11103.md?p=5) shall provide training and technical assistance, in conjunction with the appropriate [public agencies](/usc/34/11103.md?p=11), to individuals involved in making decisions regarding the disposition and management of cases for [youth](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-52) who enter the juvenile justice system about the appropriate [services](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-51) and placement for [youth](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-52) with mental health or substance abuse needs, including—
  - (1) juvenile justice intake personnel;
  - (2) probation officers;
  - (3) juvenile court judges and court [services](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-51) personnel;
  - (4) prosecutors and court-appointed counsel; and
  - (5) family members of juveniles and family advocates.
- (h) **Training and technical assistance to support juvenile court judges and personnel—** The [Attorney General](/usc/34/10307.md?p=1), acting through the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and the [Office of Justice Programs](/usc/34/11103.md?p=4-B) in consultation with entities in the profession, shall provide directly, or through grants or contracts, training and technical assistance to enhance the capacity of [State](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7) and local [courts](/usc/34/12291.md?p=a-7), judges, and related judicial personnel to—
  - (1) improve the lives of children currently involved in or at risk of being involved in the juvenile court system; and
  - (2) carry out the requirements of this chapter.
- (i) **Free and reduced price school lunches for incarcerated juveniles—** The [Attorney General](/usc/34/10307.md?p=1), in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, shall provide guidance to [States](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7) relating to existing options for school food authorities in the [States](/usc/34/11103.md?p=7) to apply for reimbursement for free or reduced price lunches under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act ([42 U.S.C. 1751](/usc/42/1751.md) et seq.) for juveniles who are incarcerated and would, if not incarcerated, be eligible for free or reduced price lunches under that Act.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 93–415, title II, § 252, as added Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, § 12211, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1890; amended Pub. L. 115–385, title II, § 208, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5142.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a)(3) and (h)(2), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 93–415, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1109, known as the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1974 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

The Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is Pub. L. 115–385, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5123. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2018 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

The Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act, referred to in subsec. (i), is act June 4, 1946, ch. 281, 60 Stat. 230, which is classified generally to chapter 13 (§ 1751 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1751 of Title 42 and Tables.

### Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 5662 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

### Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–385, § 208(1)(A), struck out “may” after “Administrator” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–385, § 208(1)(B), inserted “shall” before “develop and carry out projects” and struck out “and” at end.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 115–385, § 208(1)(C), inserted “may” before “make grants to and contracts with” and substituted “; and” for period at end.

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 115–385, § 208(1)(D), added par. (3).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–385, § 208(2)(A), struck out “may” after “Administrator” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–385, § 208(2)(B), inserted “shall” before “develop and implement projects” and “, including compliance with the core requirements” after “this subchapter” and struck out “and” at end.

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 115–385, § 208(2)(C), inserted “may” before “make grants to and contracts with” and substituted semicolon for period at end.

Subsec. (b)(3), (4). Pub. L. 115–385, § 208(2)(D), added pars. (3) and (4).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–385, § 208(3), inserted “prosecutors,” after “public defenders,” and “status offenders and” after “needs of”.

Subsecs. (d) to (i). Pub. L. 115–385, § 208(4), added subsecs. (d) to (i).

### Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

### Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 115–385 not applicable with respect to funds appropriated for any fiscal year that begins before Dec. 21, 2018, see section 3 of Pub. L. 115–385, set out as a note under section 11102 of this title.