---
kind: "section"
citation: "30 U.S.C. § 661"
title: "30"
title_heading: "Mineral Lands and Mining"
number: "661"
heading: "Short title; definitions"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/30/661"
units:
  - "Chapter 18 — Coal Research and Development"
---

# §661. Short title; definitions

- (a) This chapter may be cited as the “Coal [Research](#b-1) and Development Act of 1960”.
- (b) In this chapter:
  - (1) The term “research” means scientific, technical, and economic research and the practical application of that research.
  - (2) The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 86–599, § 1, as added Pub. L. 109–58, title X, § 1009(a)(1)(A), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 934.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### Prior Provisions

A prior section 661, Pub. L. 86–599, § 1, July 7, 1960, 74 Stat. 336, defined terms for purposes of this chapter, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–58, title X, § 1009(a)(1)(A), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 934.