---
kind: "section"
citation: "25 U.S.C. § 1621h"
title: "25"
title_heading: "Indians"
number: "1621h"
heading: "Mental health prevention and treatment services"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/25/1621h"
units:
  - "Chapter 18 — Indian Health Care"
  - "Subchapter II — Health Services"
---

# §1621h. Mental health prevention and treatment services

- (a) **National plan for Indian Mental Health Services—**
  - (1) Not later than 120 days after November 28, 1990, the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17), acting through the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), shall develop and publish in the Federal Register a final national plan for [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Mental Health [Services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18). The plan shall include—
    - (A) an [assessment](/usc/25/1665.md?p=2) of the scope of the problem of mental illness and dysfunctional and self-destructive behavior, including child abuse and family violence, among [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13), including—
      - (i) the number of [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) served by the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) who are directly or indirectly affected by such illness or behavior, and
      - (ii) an estimate of the financial and human cost attributable to such illness or behavior;
    - (B) an [assessment](/usc/25/1665.md?p=2) of the existing and additional resources necessary for the prevention and treatment of such illness and behavior; and
    - (C) an estimate of the additional funding needed by the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) to meet its responsibilities under the plan.
  - (2) The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall submit a copy of the national plan to the Congress.
- (b) **Memorandum of agreement—** Not later than 180 days after November 28, 1990, the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) and the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) of the Interior shall develop and enter into a memorandum of agreement under which the [Secretaries](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall, among other things—
  - (1) determine and define the scope and nature of mental illness and dysfunctional and self-destructive behavior, including child abuse and family violence, among [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13);
  - (2) make an [assessment](/usc/25/1665.md?p=2) of the existing Federal, tribal, State, local, and private [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), resources, and programs available to provide mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) for [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13);
  - (3) make an initial determination of the unmet need for additional [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), resources, and programs necessary to meet the needs identified pursuant to [paragraph (1)](#b-1);
  - (4)
    - (A) ensure that [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13), as citizens of the United States and of the States in which they reside, have access to mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) to which all citizens have access;
    - (B) determine the right of [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) to participate in, and receive the benefit of, such [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18); and
    - (C) take actions necessary to protect the exercise of such right;
  - (5) delineate the responsibilities of the Bureau of [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Affairs and the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), including mental health identification, prevention, education, referral, and treatment [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) (including [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) through multidisciplinary resource teams), at the central, area, and agency and [service unit](/usc/25/1603.md?p=20) levels to address the problems identified in [paragraph (1)](#b-1);
  - (6) provide a strategy for the comprehensive coordination of the mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) provided by the Bureau of [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Affairs and the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) to meet the needs identified pursuant to [paragraph (1)](#b-1), including—
    - (A) the coordination of alcohol and [substance abuse](/usc/25/1603.md?p=21) programs of the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), the Bureau of [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Affairs, and the various tribes (developed under the [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Alcohol and [Substance Abuse](/usc/25/1603.md?p=21) Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 [[25 U.S.C. 2401](/usc/25/2401.md) et seq.]) with the mental health initiatives pursuant to this chapter, particularly with respect to the referral and treatment of dually-diagnosed individuals requiring mental health and [substance abuse](/usc/25/1603.md?p=21) treatment; and
    - (B) ensuring that Bureau of [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Affairs and [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) programs and [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) (including multidisciplinary resource teams) addressing child abuse and family violence are coordinated with such non-Federal programs and [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18);
  - (7) direct appropriate officials of the Bureau of [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Affairs and the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), particularly at the agency and [service unit](/usc/25/1603.md?p=20) levels, to cooperate fully with tribal requests made pursuant to [subsection (d)](#d); and
  - (8) provide for an annual review of such agreement by the two [Secretaries](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17).
- (c) **Community mental health plan—**
  - (1) The governing body of any [Indian tribe](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) may, at its discretion, adopt a resolution for the establishment of a community mental health plan providing for the identification and coordination of available resources and programs to identify, prevent, or treat mental illness or dysfunctional and self-destructive behavior, including child abuse and family violence, among its members.
  - (2) In furtherance of a plan established pursuant to [paragraph (1)](#c-1) and at the request of a tribe, the appropriate agency, [service unit](/usc/25/1603.md?p=20), or other officials of the Bureau of [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Affairs and the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) shall cooperate with, and provide technical assistance to, the tribe in the development of such plan. Upon the establishment of such a plan and at the request of the tribe, such officials, as directed by the memorandum of agreement developed pursuant to [subsection (c)](#c), shall cooperate with the tribe in the implementation of such plan.
  - (3) Two or more [Indian tribes](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) may form a coalition for the adoption of resolutions and the establishment and development of a joint community mental health plan under this subsection.
  - (4) The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17), acting through the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), may make grants to [Indian tribes](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) adopting a resolution pursuant to [paragraph (1)](#c-1) to obtain technical assistance for the development of a community mental health plan and to provide administrative support in the implementation of such plan.
- (d) **Behavioral health training and community education programs—**
  - (1) **Study; list—** The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17), acting through the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), and the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) of the Interior, in consultation with [Indian tribes](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) and [tribal organizations](/usc/25/1603.md?p=26), shall conduct a study and compile a [list](/usc/25/5130.md?p=3) of the types of staff positions specified in [paragraph (2)](#d-2) whose qualifications include, or should include, training in the identification, prevention, education, referral, or treatment of mental illness, or dysfunctional and self destructive behavior.
  - (2) **Positions—** The positions referred to in [paragraph (1)](#d-1) are—
    - (A) staff positions within the Bureau of [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Affairs, including existing positions, in the fields of—
      - (i) elementary and secondary education;
      - (ii) social [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) and family and child welfare;
      - (iii) law enforcement and judicial [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18); and
      - (iv) alcohol and [substance abuse](/usc/25/1603.md?p=21);
    - (B) staff positions within the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18); and
    - (C) staff positions similar to those identified in subparagraphs [(A)](#d-2-A) and [(B)](#d-2-B) established and maintained by [Indian tribes](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) and [tribal organizations](/usc/25/1603.md?p=26) (without regard to the funding source).
  - (3) **Training criteria—**
    - (A) **In general—** The appropriate [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall provide training criteria appropriate to each type of position identified in paragraphs [(2)(A)](#d-2-A) and [(2)(B)](#d-2-B) and ensure that appropriate training has been, or shall be provided to any individual in any such position. With respect to any such individual in a position identified pursuant to [paragraph (2)(C)](#d-2-C), the respective [Secretaries](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall provide appropriate training to, or provide funds to, an [Indian tribe](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) or [tribal organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=26) for training of appropriate individuals. In the case of positions funded under a contract or compact under the [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ([25 U.S.C. 450](/usc/25/450.md) et seq.),[^1] the appropriate [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall ensure that such training costs are included in the contract or compact, as the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) determines necessary.
    - (B) **Position specific training criteria—** Position specific training criteria shall be culturally relevant to [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) and [Indian tribes](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) and shall ensure that appropriate information regarding traditional health care practices is provided.
  - (4) **Community education on mental illness—** The [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) shall develop and implement, on request of an [Indian tribe](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14), [tribal organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=26), or [urban Indian organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=29), or assist the [Indian tribe](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14), [tribal organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=26), or [urban Indian organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=29) to develop and implement, a program of community education on mental illness. In carrying out this paragraph, the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) shall, upon request of an [Indian tribe](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14), [tribal organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=26), or [urban Indian organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=29), provide technical assistance to the [Indian tribe](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14), [tribal organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=26), or [urban Indian organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=29) to obtain and develop community educational materials on the identification, prevention, referral, and treatment of mental illness and dysfunctional and self-destructive behavior.
  - (5) **Plan—** Not later than 90 days after March 23, 2010, the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall develop a plan under which the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) will increase the health care staff providing [behavioral health](/usc/25/1603.md?p=2-A) [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) by at least 500 positions within 5 years after March 23, 2010, with at least 200 of such positions devoted to child, adolescent, and family [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18). The plan developed under this paragraph shall be implemented under [section 13 of this title](/usc/25/13.md).
- (e) **Staffing—**
  - (1) Within 90 days after November 28, 1990, the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall develop a plan under which the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) will increase the health care staff providing mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) by at least 500 positions within five years after November 28, 1990, with at least 200 of such positions devoted to child, adolescent, and family [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18). Such additional staff shall be primarily assigned to the [service unit](/usc/25/1603.md?p=20) level for [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) which shall include outpatient, emergency, aftercare and follow-up, and prevention and education [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18).
  - (2) The plan developed under [paragraph (1)](#e-1) shall be implemented under [section 13 of this title](/usc/25/13.md).
- (f) **Staff recruitment and retention—**
  - (1) The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall provide for the recruitment of the additional personnel required by [subsection (f)](#f) and the retention of all [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) personnel providing mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18). In carrying out this subsection, the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall give priority to practitioners providing mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) to children and adolescents with mental health problems.
  - (2) In carrying out [paragraph (1)](#f-1), the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall develop a program providing for—
    - (A) the payment of bonuses (which shall not be more favorable than those provided for under sections [1616i](/usc/25/1616i.md) and [1616j](/usc/25/1616j.md) of this title) for [service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) in hardship posts;
    - (B) the repayment of loans (for which the provisions of repayment contracts shall not be more favorable than the repayment contracts under [section 1616a of this title](/usc/25/1616a.md)) for [health professions](/usc/25/1603.md?p=10) education as a recruitment incentive; and
    - (C) a system of postgraduate rotations as a retention incentive.
  - (3) This subsection shall be carried out in coordination with the recruitment and retention programs under subchapter I.
- (g) **Mental Health Technician program—**
  - (1) Under the authority of [section 13 of this title](/usc/25/13.md), the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall establish and maintain a Mental Health Technician program within the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) which—
    - (A) provides for the training of [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) as mental health technicians; and
    - (B) employs such technicians in the provision of community-based mental health care that includes identification, prevention, education, referral, and treatment [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18).
  - (2) In carrying out [paragraph (1)(A)](#g-1-A), the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall provide high standard paraprofessional training in mental health care necessary to provide quality care to the [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) communities to be served. Such training shall be based upon a curriculum developed or approved by the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) which combines education in the theory of mental health care with supervised practical experience in the provision of such care.
  - (3) The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall supervise and evaluate the mental health technicians in the training program.
  - (4) The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall ensure that the program established pursuant to this subsection involves the utilization and promotion of the traditional [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) health care and treatment practices of the [Indian tribes](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) to be served.
- (h) **Mental health research—** The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17), acting through the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) and in consultation with the National Institute of Mental Health, shall enter into contracts with, or make grants to, appropriate institutions for the conduct of research on the incidence and prevalence of mental disorders among [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) on [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) [reservations](/usc/25/1603.md?p=16-A) and in urban areas. Research priorities under this subsection shall include—
  - (1) the inter-relationship and inter-dependence of mental disorders with alcoholism, suicide, homicides, accidents, and the incidence of family violence, and
  - (2) the development of models of prevention techniques.

  The effect of the inter-relationships and interdependencies referred to in [paragraph (1)](#h-1) on children, and the development of prevention techniques under [paragraph (2)](#h-2) applicable to children, shall be emphasized.

- (i) **Facilities assessment—** Within one year after November 28, 1990, the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17), acting through the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), shall make an [assessment](/usc/25/1665.md?p=2) of the need for inpatient mental health care among [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) and the availability and cost of inpatient mental health facilities which can meet such need. In making such [assessment](/usc/25/1665.md?p=2), the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall consider the possible conversion of existing, under-utilized [service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) hospital beds into psychiatric units to meet such need.
- (j) **Annual report—** The [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) shall develop methods for analyzing and evaluating the overall status of mental health programs and [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) for [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) and shall submit to the President, for inclusion in each report required to be transmitted to the Congress under [section 1671 of this title](/usc/25/1671.md), a report on the mental health status of [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) which shall describe the progress being made to address mental health problems of [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) communities.
- (k) **Mental health demonstration grant program—**
  - (1) The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17), acting through the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), is authorized to make grants to [Indian tribes](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) and inter-tribal consortia to pay 75 percent of the cost of planning, developing, and implementing programs to deliver innovative community-based mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) to [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13). The 25 percent tribal share of such cost may be provided in cash or through the provision of property or [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18).
  - (2) The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) may award a grant for a project under [paragraph (1)](#k-1) to an [Indian tribe](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) or inter-tribal consortium which meets the following criteria:
    - (A) The project will address significant unmet mental health needs among [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13).
    - (B) The project will serve a significant number of [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13).
    - (C) The project has the potential to deliver [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) in an efficient and effective manner.
    - (D) The tribe or consortium has the administrative and financial capability to administer the project.
    - (E) The project will deliver [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) in a manner consistent with traditional [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) healing and treatment practices.
    - (F) The project is coordinated with, and avoids duplication of, existing [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18).
  - (3) For purposes of this subsection, the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall, in evaluating applications for grants for projects to be operated under any contract entered into with the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) under the [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Self-Determination Act [[25 U.S.C. 5321](/usc/25/5321.md) et seq.], use the same criteria that the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) uses in evaluating any other application for such a grant.
  - (4) The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) may only award one grant under this subsection with respect to a [service area](/usc/25/1603.md?p=19) until the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) has awarded grants for all [service areas](/usc/25/1603.md?p=19) with respect to which the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) receives applications during the application period, as determined by the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17), which meet the criteria specified in [paragraph (2)](#k-2).
  - (5) Not later than 180 days after the close of the term of the last grant awarded pursuant to this subsection, the [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall submit to the Congress a report evaluating the effectiveness of the innovative community-based projects demonstrated pursuant to this subsection. Such report shall include findings and recommendations, if any, relating to the reorganization of the programs of the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) for delivery of mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) to [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13).
  - (6) Grants made pursuant to this section may be expended over a period of three years and no grant may exceed $1,000,000 for the fiscal years involved.
- (l) **Licensing requirement for mental health care workers—** Any person employed as a psychologist, social worker, or marriage and family therapist for the purpose of providing mental health care [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) to [Indians](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) in a clinical setting under the authority of this chapter or through a contract pursuant to the [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Self-Determination Act [[25 U.S.C. 5321](/usc/25/5321.md) et seq.] shall—
  - (1) in the case of a person employed as a psychologist, be licensed as a clinical psychologist or working under the direct supervision of a licensed clinical psychologist;
  - (2) in the case of a person employed as a social worker, be licensed as a social worker or working under the direct supervision of a licensed social worker; or
  - (3) in the case of a person employed as a marriage and family therapist, be licensed as a marriage and family therapist or working under the direct supervision of a licensed marriage and family therapist.
- (m) **Intermediate adolescent mental health services—**
  - (1) The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17), acting through the [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), may make grants to [Indian tribes](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) and [tribal organizations](/usc/25/1603.md?p=26) to provide intermediate mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) to [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) children and adolescents, including—
    - (A) inpatient and outpatient [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18);
    - (B) emergency care;
    - (C) suicide prevention and crisis intervention; and
    - (D) prevention and treatment of mental illness, and dysfunctional and self-destructive behavior, including child abuse and family violence.
  - (2) Funds provided under this subsection may be used—
    - (A) to construct or renovate an existing health facility to provide intermediate mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18);
    - (B) to hire mental health professionals;
    - (C) to staff, operate, and maintain an intermediate mental health facility, group home, or youth shelter where intermediate mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) are being provided; and
    - (D) to make renovations and hire appropriate staff to convert existing hospital beds into adolescent psychiatric units.
  - (3) Funds provided under this subsection may not be used for the purposes described in [section 1621o(b)(1)](/usc/25/1621o.md?p=b-1) of this title.
  - (4) An [Indian tribe](/usc/25/1603.md?p=14) or [tribal organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=26) receiving a grant under this subsection shall ensure that intermediate adolescent mental health [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) are coordinated with other tribal, [Service](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18), and Bureau of [Indian](/usc/25/1603.md?p=13) Affairs mental health, alcohol and [substance abuse](/usc/25/1603.md?p=21), and social [services](/usc/25/1603.md?p=18) programs on the [reservation](/usc/25/1603.md?p=16-A) of such tribe or [tribal organization](/usc/25/1603.md?p=26).
  - (5) The [Secretary](/usc/25/1603.md?p=17) shall establish criteria for the review and approval of applications for grants made pursuant to this subsection.

## Footnotes

[^1]: See References in Text note below.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 94–437, title II, § 209, as added Pub. L. 101–630, title V, § 503(b), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4557; amended Pub. L. 102–573, title II, §§ 205, 217(b)(4), title IX, § 902(3), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4547, 4559, 4591; Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 935.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### References in Text

The Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(6)(A), is subtitle C of title IV of Pub. L. 99–570, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–137, which is classified generally to chapter 26 (§ 2401 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of subtitle C to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2401 of this title and Tables.

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (b)(6)(A) and (l), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 94–437, Sept. 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 1400, known as the Indian Health Care Improvement Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of this title and Tables.

The Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450 et seq.), referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(A), is Pub. L. 93–638, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2203, which was classified principally to subchapter II (§ 450 et seq.) of chapter 14 of this title prior to editorial reclassification as chapter 46 (§ 5301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables.

The Indian Self-Determination Act, referred to in subsecs. (k)(3) and (l), is title I of Pub. L. 93–638, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2206, which is classified principally to subchapter I (§ 5321 et seq.) of chapter 46 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables.

### Codification

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–148 is based on sections 101(b)(2) and 127 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which were enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148.

### Amendments

2010—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–148 added subsec. (d) and struck out former subsec. (d) which related to mental health training and community education programs.

Subsec. (m)(6). Pub. L. 111–148 struck out par. (6) which authorized appropriations for fiscal years 1993 to 2000.

1992—Pub. L. 102–573, § 902(3)(A), made technical amendment to section catchline.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–573, § 902(3)(B), redesignated subsec. (c) as (b). Prior to amendment, no subsec. (b) had been enacted.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–573, §§ 217(b)(4)(A), 902(3)(B), redesignated subsec. (d) as (c) and struck out par. (5) which authorized appropriations of $500,000 for fiscal year 1991 and $1,000,000 for fiscal year 1992 to carry out this subsec. Former subsec. (c) redesignated (b).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 102–573, §§ 217(b)(4)(A), (D), 902(3)(B), redesignated subsec. (e) as (d), substituted “this section” for “this subsection” in par. (3)(B), and struck out par. (6) which authorized appropriations of $500,000 for fiscal year 1991 and $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1992 to carry out this subsec., with certain amounts to be allocated for community education. Former subsec. (d) redesignated (c).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 102–573, § 902(3)(B), redesignated subsec. (f) as (e). Former subsec. (e) redesignated (d).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 102–573, §§ 217(b)(4)(A), 902(3)(B), redesignated subsec. (g) as (f) and struck out par. (4) which appropriated $1,200,000 for fiscal year 1992 to carry out this subsec. Former subsec. (f) redesignated (e).

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 102–573, §§ 217(b)(4)(A), 902(3)(B), redesignated subsec. (h) as (g) and struck out par. (5) which authorized appropriation of $1,000,000 for fiscal year 1992 for purposes of providing training required under this subsec. Former subsec. (g) redesignated (f).

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 102–573, §§ 217(b)(4)(B), 902(3)(B), redesignated subsec. (i) as (h), struck out par. (1) designation before “The Secretary, acting”, redesignated subpars. (A) and (B) as pars. (1) and (2), respectively, substituted “paragraph (1)” and “paragraph (2)” for “subparagraph (A)” and “subparagraph (B)”, respectively, in closing provisions, and struck out former par. (2) which authorized appropriation of $2,000,000 for fiscal year 1992 to carry out this subsec., to remain available until expended. Former subsec. (h) redesignated (g).

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 102–573, §§ 217(b)(4)(C), 902(3)(B), redesignated subsec. (j) as (i), struck out par. (1) designation before “Within one year”, and struck out par. (2) which authorized appropriation of $500,000 for fiscal year 1992 to make the assessment required by this subsec. Former subsec. (i) redesignated (h).

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 102–573, §§ 205(1), 902(3)(B), redesignated subsec. (k) as (j) and substituted “submit to the President, for inclusion in each report required to be transmitted to the Congress under section 1671 of this title, a report” for “submit to the Congress an annual report”. Former subsec. (j) redesignated (i).

Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 102–573, §§ 217(b)(4)(E), 902(3)(B), redesignated subsec. (l) as (k), and in par. (6) substituted “section” for “subsection” in second sentence and struck out first sentence which authorized appropriations of $2,000,000 for fiscal year 1991 and $3,000,000 for fiscal year 1992 to carry out purposes of this subsec. Former subsec. (k) redesignated (j).

Subsecs. (l), (m). Pub. L. 102–573, § 205(2), added subsecs. (l) and (m). Former subsec. (l) redesignated (k).

### Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

### Statement of Purposes

Pub. L. 101–630, title V, § 503(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4556, provided that: “The purposes of this section [enacting this section] are to— authorize and direct the Indian Health Service to develop a comprehensive mental health prevention and treatment program; provide direction and guidance relating to mental illness and dysfunctional and self-destructive behavior, including child abuse and family violence, to those Federal, tribal, State, and local agencies responsible for programs in Indian communities in areas of health care, education, social services, child and family welfare, alcohol and substance abuse, law enforcement, and judicial services; assist Indian tribes to identify services and resources available to address mental illness and dysfunctional and self-destructive behavior; provide authority and opportunities for Indian tribes to develop and implement, and coordinate with, community-based mental health programs which include identification, prevention, education, referral, and treatment services, including through multidisciplinary resource teams; ensure that Indians, as citizens of the United States and of the States in which they reside, have the same access to mental health services to which all such citizens have access; and modify or supplement existing programs and authorities in the areas identified in paragraph (2).”