---
kind: "section"
citation: "22 U.S.C. § 4048"
title: "22"
title_heading: "Foreign Relations and Intercourse"
number: "4048"
heading: "Retirement for disability or incapacity"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/22/4048"
units:
  - "Chapter 52 — Foreign Service"
  - "Subchapter VIII — Foreign Service Retirement and Disability"
  - "Part I — Foreign Service Retirement and Disability System"
---

# §4048. Retirement for disability or incapacity

- (a) **Causes; service credit—** Any [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) who has at least 5 years of service credit toward retirement under the [System](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=10) (excluding [military and naval service](/usc/22/4044.md?p=9)) and who becomes totally disabled or incapacitated for useful and efficient service by reason of disease, illness, or injury (not due to vicious habits, intemperance, or willful conduct of the [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5)) shall, upon his or her own application or upon order of the [Secretary](/usc/22/3902.md?p=10), be retired on an annuity computed as prescribed in [section 4046 of this title](/usc/22/4046.md). If the disabled or incapacitated [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) has less than 20 years of service credit toward retirement under the [System](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=10) at the time of retirement, his or her annuity shall be computed on the assumption that the [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) has had 20 years of service, except that the additional service credit that may accrue to a [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) under this sentence shall in no case exceed the difference between his or her age at the time of retirement and age 60.

  However, if a [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) retiring under this section is receiving retired pay or retainer pay for military service (except that specified in section 8332(c)(1) or (2) of [title 5](/usc/5.md)) or Department of Veterans Affairs pension or compensation in lieu of such retired or retainer pay, the annuity of that [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) shall be computed under this part excluding extra credit authorized by this subsection and excluding credit for military service from that computation. If the amount of the annuity so computed, plus the retired or retainer pay which is received, or which would be received but for the application of the limitation in section 5532[^1] of title 5 or the Department of Veterans Affairs pension or compensation in lieu of such retired pay or retainer pay, is less than the annuity that would be payable under this part in the absence of the previous sentence, an amount equal to the difference shall be added to the annuity computed under this part.

- (b) **Physical examination; reinstatement or reappointment upon recovery; fees and expenses; duration and suspension of annuity—** Before being retired under this section, the [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) shall be given a physical examination by one or more duly qualified physicians or surgeons designated by the Secretary of State to conduct examinations. Disability or incapacity shall be determined by the Secretary of State on the basis of the advice of such physicians or surgeons. Unless the disability or incapacity is permanent, like examinations shall be made annually until the [annuitant](/usc/22/4044.md?p=1) has attained age 60. If the Secretary of State determines on the basis of the advice of one or more duly qualified physicians or surgeons conducting such examinations that an [annuitant](/usc/22/4044.md?p=1) has recovered to the extent that he or she can return to duty, the [annuitant](/usc/22/4044.md?p=1) may apply for reinstatement or reappointment in the Service within 1 year from the date recovery is determined. Upon application, the [Secretary](/usc/22/3902.md?p=10) shall reinstate such recovered [annuitant](/usc/22/4044.md?p=1) in the class in which the [annuitant](/usc/22/4044.md?p=1) was serving at time of retirement, or the [Secretary](/usc/22/3902.md?p=10) may, taking into consideration the age, qualifications, and experience of such [annuitant](/usc/22/4044.md?p=1), and the present class of his or her contemporaries in the Service, appoint or recommend that the President appoint the [annuitant](/usc/22/4044.md?p=1) to a higher class. Payment of the annuity shall continue until a date 6 months after the date of the examination showing recovery or until the date of reinstatement or reappointment in the Service, whichever is earlier. Fees for examinations under this section, together with reasonable traveling and other expenses incurred in order to submit to examination, shall be paid out of the [Fund](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=2). If the [annuitant](/usc/22/4044.md?p=1) fails to submit to examination as required under this subsection, payment of the annuity shall be suspended until continuance of the disability or incapacity is satisfactorily established.
- (c) **Benefits upon discontinuance of annuity—** If a recovered [annuitant](/usc/22/4044.md?p=1) whose annuity is discontinued is for any reason not reinstated or reappointed in the Service, he or she shall be considered to have been separated within the meaning of [section 4050 of this title](/usc/22/4050.md) as of the date of retirement for disability or incapacity and shall, after the discontinuance of the annuity, be entitled to the benefits of that section or of [section 4055 of this title](/usc/22/4055.md), except that he or she may elect voluntary retirement if eligible under [section 4051 of this title](/usc/22/4051.md).
- (d) **Election of benefits; concurrent benefits allowed—** No [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) shall be entitled to receive an annuity under this part and compensation for injury or disability to himself or herself under subchapter I of [chapter 81](/usc/5/chptIII/sptG/ch81.md) of title 5, covering the same period of time, except that a [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) may simultaneously receive both an annuity under this section and scheduled disability payments under [section 8107 of title 5](/usc/5/8107.md). This subsection shall not bar the right of any claimant to the greater benefit conferred by either this part or subchapter I of such [chapter 8](/usc/22/chch8.md)[^2] for any part of the same period of time. Neither this subsection nor any provision of subchapter I of such [chapter 8](/usc/22/chch8.md)[^2] shall be construed to deny the right of any [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) to receive an annuity under this part and to receive concurrently any payment under subchapter I of such [chapter 8](/usc/22/chch8.md)[^2] by reason of the death of any other individual.
- (e) **Lump sum disability payments—** Notwithstanding any other law, the right of any individual entitled to an annuity under this part shall not be affected because such person has received an award of compensation in a lump sum under [section 8135 of title 5](/usc/5/8135.md), except that where such annuity is payable on account of the same disability for which compensation under such section has been paid, so much of such compensation as has been paid for any period extended beyond the date such annuity becomes effective, as determined by the [Secretary](/usc/22/3902.md?p=10) of Labor, shall be refunded to the [Department](/usc/22/3902.md?p=4) of Labor, to be paid into the Federal Employees’ Compensation [Fund](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=2). Before such individual receives such annuity, he or she shall—
  - (1) refund to the [Department](/usc/22/3902.md?p=4) of Labor the amount representing such commuted payments for such extended period, or
  - (2) authorize the deduction of such amount from the annuity payable under this part, which amount shall be transmitted to the [Department](/usc/22/3902.md?p=4) of Labor for reimbursement to such [Fund](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=2).

  Deductions from such annuity may be made from accrued and accruing payments, or may be prorated against and paid from accruing payments in such manner as the [Secretary](/usc/22/3902.md?p=10) of Labor shall determine, whenever the [Secretary](/usc/22/3902.md?p=10) of Labor finds that the financial circumstances of the [annuitant](/usc/22/4044.md?p=1) warrant deferred refunding.

- (f) **Time of filing application; waiver—** A claim may be allowed under this section only if the application is filed with the Secretary of State before the [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) is separated from the Service or within one year thereafter. This time limitation may be waived by the Secretary of State for a [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) who at the date of separation from the Service or within one year thereafter is mentally incompetent, if the application is filed with the Secretary of State within one year from the date of restoration of the [participant](/usc/22/4071a.md?p=5) to competency or the appointment of a fiduciary, whichever is earlier.

## Footnotes

[^1]: See References in Text note below.
[^2]: So in original. Probably should be chapter “81”.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, § 808, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2110; Ex. Ord. No. 12289, § 2, Feb. 14, 1981, 46 F.R. 12693; Pub. L. 99–335, title IV, § 402(a)(2), (b), June 6, 1986, 100 Stat. 609; Pub. L. 100–238, title II, § 215(a), Jan. 8, 1988, 101 Stat. 1774; Pub. L. 102–54, § 13(h)(2), June 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 275.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### References in Text

Section 5532 of title 5, referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title VI, § 651(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 664.

### Amendments

1991—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–54 substituted “Department of Veterans Affairs” for “Veterans’ Administration” in two places in second par.

1988—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 100–238 substituted “60” for “65”.

1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–335, § 402(a)(2), substituted “part” for “subchapter” in three places.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 99–335, § 402(b)(1), substituted “subchapter I of such chapter 8” for “such subchapter” in three places and “part” for “chapter” in three places.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 99–335, § 402(b)(2), substituted “part” for “chapter” in two places.

1981—Subsec. (a). Ex. Ord. No. 12289 added second par. relating to computation of annuity for participant retiring under this section and receiving retired or retainer pay.

### Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

### Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–238 effective 90 days after Jan. 8, 1988, see section 261(a) of Pub. L. 100–238, set out as a note under section 4054 of this title.

### Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–335 effective Jan. 1, 1987, see section 702(a) of Pub. L. 99–335, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8401 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

### Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Ex. Ord. No. 12289 effective Feb. 15, 1981, see section 3 of Ex. Ord. No. 12289, set out under section 4067 of this title.