---
kind: "section"
citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1031"
title: "21"
title_heading: "Food and Drugs"
number: "1031"
heading: "Congressional statement of findings"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/21/1031"
units:
  - "Chapter 15 — Egg Products Inspection"
---

# §1031. Congressional statement of findings


[Eggs](/usc/21/1033.md?p=g) and [egg products](/usc/21/1033.md?p=f) are an important source of the Nation’s total supply of food, and are used in food in various forms. They are consumed throughout the Nation and the major portion thereof moves in interstate or foreign [commerce](/usc/21/1033.md?p=c). It is essential, in the public interest, that the health and welfare of consumers be protected by the adoption of measures prescribed herein for assuring that [eggs](/usc/21/1033.md?p=g) and [egg products](/usc/21/1033.md?p=f) distributed to them and used in products consumed by them are wholesome, otherwise not [adulterated](/usc/21/1033.md?p=a), and properly labeled and packaged. Lack of effective regulation for the handling or disposition of unwholesome, otherwise [adulterated](/usc/21/1033.md?p=a), or improperly labeled or packaged [egg products](/usc/21/1033.md?p=f) and certain qualities of [eggs](/usc/21/1033.md?p=g) is injurious to the public welfare and destroys markets for wholesome, not [adulterated](/usc/21/1033.md?p=a), and properly labeled and packaged [eggs](/usc/21/1033.md?p=g) and [egg products](/usc/21/1033.md?p=f) and results in sundry [losses](/usc/21/1033.md?p=g-7) to producers and processors, as well as injury to consumers. Unwholesome, otherwise [adulterated](/usc/21/1033.md?p=a), or improperly labeled or packaged products can be sold at lower prices and compete unfairly with the wholesome, not [adulterated](/usc/21/1033.md?p=a), and properly labeled and packaged products, to the detriment of consumers and the public generally. It is hereby found that all [egg products](/usc/21/1033.md?p=f) and the qualities of [eggs](/usc/21/1033.md?p=g) which are regulated under this chapter are either in interstate or foreign [commerce](/usc/21/1033.md?p=c), or substantially affect such [commerce](/usc/21/1033.md?p=c), and that regulation by the [Secretary](/usc/21/1033.md?p=x) of Agriculture and the [Secretary](/usc/21/1033.md?p=x) of Health and Human Services, and cooperation by the [States](/usc/21/1033.md?p=y) and other jurisdictions, as contemplated by this chapter, are appropriate to prevent and eliminate burdens upon such [commerce](/usc/21/1033.md?p=c), to effectively regulate such [commerce](/usc/21/1033.md?p=c), and to protect the health and welfare of consumers.


## Source credit

(Pub. L. 91–597, § 2, Dec. 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 1620; Pub. L. 96–88, title V, § 509(b), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 695.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 91–597, Dec. 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 1620, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out below and Tables.

### Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

### Change of Name

“Secretary of Health and Human Services” substituted for “Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare” in text pursuant to section 509(b) of Pub. L. 96–88, which is classified to section 3508(b) of Title 20, Education.

### Effective Date

Pub. L. 91–597, § 29, Dec. 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 1635, provided that: “The provisions of this Act [enacting this chapter, amending sections 633 and 636 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] with respect to egg products shall take effect six months after enactment [Dec. 29, 1970]. Otherwise, this Act shall take effect eighteen months after enactment.”

### Short Title

Pub. L. 91–597, § 1, Dec. 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 1620, provided: “That this Act [enacting this chapter, amending sections 633 and 636 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, and enacting provisions set as notes under this section] may be cited as the ‘Egg Products Inspection Act’.”

### Maintenance of Eggs at Proper Temperature

Pub. L. 102–237, title X, § 1012(a), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1899, provided that: Findings.—Congress finds that— food borne illness is a serious health problem; its incidence can be reduced through proper handling of food; and eggs are perishable and therefore are particularly susceptible to supporting microbial growth if proper temperature controls are not maintained. Purposes.—It is the purpose of this section [amending sections 1034, 1037, 1041, 1042, 1046, and 1052 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1034 of this title] to prescribe the temperature at which eggs are maintained in order to reduce the potential for harmful microbial growth to protect the health and welfare of consumers.”