---
kind: "section"
citation: "19 U.S.C. § 1673e"
title: "19"
title_heading: "Customs Duties"
number: "1673e"
heading: "Assessment of duty"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/19/1673e"
units:
  - "Chapter 4 — Tariff Act of 1930"
  - "Subtitle IV — Countervailing and Antidumping Duties"
  - "Part II — Imposition of Antidumping Duties"
---

# §1673e. Assessment of duty

- (a) **Publication of antidumping duty order—** Within 7 days after being notified by the [Commission](/usc/19/1677.md?p=2) of an affirmative determination under [section 1673d(b) of this title](/usc/19/1673d.md?p=b), the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) shall publish an antidumping duty order which—
  - (1) directs customs officers to assess an antidumping duty equal to the amount by which the normal value of the merchandise exceeds the [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A) (or the constructed [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A)) of the merchandise, within 6 months after the date on which the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) receives satisfactory information upon which the assessment may be based, but in no event later than—
    - (A) 12 months after the end of the annual accounting period of the manufacturer or exporter within which the merchandise is entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption, or
    - (B) in the case of merchandise not sold prior to its importation into the [United States](/usc/19/1683.md?p=9), 12 months after the end of the annual accounting period of the manufacturer or exporter within which it is sold in the [United States](/usc/19/1683.md?p=9) to a [person](/usc/19/1683.md?p=8) who is not the exporter of that merchandise,
  - (2) includes a description of the [subject merchandise](/usc/19/1677.md?p=25), in such detail as the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) deems necessary, and
  - (3) requires the deposit of estimated antidumping duties pending liquidation of [entries](/usc/19/1677.md?p=23) of merchandise at the same time as estimated normal customs duties on that merchandise are deposited.
- (b) **Imposition of duty—**
  - (1) **General rule—** If the [Commission](/usc/19/1677.md?p=2), in its final determination under [section 1673d(b) of this title](/usc/19/1673d.md?p=b), finds [material injury](/usc/19/1677.md?p=7-A) or threat of [material injury](/usc/19/1677.md?p=7-A) which, but for the suspension of liquidation under [section 1673b(d)(2) of this title](/usc/19/1673b.md?p=d-2) would have led to a finding of [material injury](/usc/19/1677.md?p=7-A), then [entries](/usc/19/1677.md?p=23) of the [subject merchandise](/usc/19/1677.md?p=25), the liquidation of which has been suspended under [section 1673b(d)(2) of this title](/usc/19/1673b.md?p=d-2), shall be subject to the imposition of antidumping duties under [section 1673 of this title](/usc/19/1673.md).
  - (2) **Special rule—** If the [Commission](/usc/19/1677.md?p=2), in its final determination under [section 1673d(b) of this title](/usc/19/1673d.md?p=b), finds threat of [material injury](/usc/19/1677.md?p=7-A), other than threat of [material injury](/usc/19/1677.md?p=7-A) described in [paragraph (1)](#b-1), or material retardation of the establishment of an [industry](/usc/19/1677.md?p=4-A) in the [United States](/usc/19/1683.md?p=9), then [subject merchandise](/usc/19/1677.md?p=25) which is entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the date of publication of notice of an affirmative determination of the [Commission](/usc/19/1677.md?p=2) under [section 1673d(b) of this title](/usc/19/1673d.md?p=b) shall be subject to the assessment of antidumping duties under [section 1673 of this title](/usc/19/1673.md), and the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) shall release any bond or other security, and refund any cash deposit made, to secure the payment of anti­[dumping](/usc/19/1677.md?p=34) duties with respect to [entries](/usc/19/1677.md?p=23) of the merchandise entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption before that date.
- (c) **Security in lieu of estimated duty pending early determination of duty—**
  - (1) **Conditions for waiver of deposit of estimated duties—** The [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) may permit, for not more than 90 days after the date of publication of an order under [subsection (a)](#a), the posting of a bond or other security in lieu of the deposit of estimated antidumping duties required under [subsection (a)(3)](#a-3) if—
    - (A) the investigation has not been designated as extraordinarily complicated by reason of—
      - (i) the number and complexity of the transactions to be investigated or adjustments to be considered,
      - (ii) the novelty of the issues presented, or
      - (iii) the number of firms whose activities must be investigated,
    - (B) the final determination in the investigation has not been postponed under [section 1673d(a)(2)(A) of this title](/usc/19/1673d.md?p=a-2-A);
    - (C) on the basis of information presented to the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) by any manufacturer, producer, or exporter in such form and within such time as the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) may require, the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) is satisfied that a determination will be made, within 90 days after the date of publication of an order under [subsection (a)](#a), of the normal value and the [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A) (or the constructed [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A)) for all merchandise of such manufacturer, producer, or exporter described in that order which was entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the date of publication of—
      - (i) an affirmative preliminary determination by the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) under [section 1673b(b) of this title](/usc/19/1673b.md?p=b), or
      - (ii) if its determination under [section 1673b(b) of this title](/usc/19/1673b.md?p=b) was negative, an affirmative final determination by the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) under [section 1673d(a) of this title](/usc/19/1673d.md?p=a),

      and before the date of publication of the affirmative final determination by the [Commission](/usc/19/1677.md?p=2) under [section 1673d(b) of this title](/usc/19/1673d.md?p=b);

    - (D) the party described in [subparagraph (C)](#c-1-C) provides credible evidence that the amount by which the normal value of the merchandise exceeds the [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A) (or the constructed [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A)) of the merchandise is significantly less than the amount of such excess specified in the antidumping duty order published under [subsection (a)](#a); and
    - (E) the data concerning the normal value and the [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A) (or the constructed [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A)) apply to sales in the [usual commercial quantities](/usc/19/1677.md?p=17) and in the [ordinary course of trade](/usc/19/1677.md?p=15) and the number of such sales are sufficient to form an adequate basis for comparison.
  - (2) **Notice; hearing—** If the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) permits the posting of a bond or other security in lieu of the deposit of estimated antidumping duties under [paragraph (1)](#c-1), it shall—
    - (A) publish notice of its action in the Federal Register, and
    - (B) upon the request of any [interested party](/usc/19/1677.md?p=9), hold a hearing in accordance with [section 1677c of this title](/usc/19/1677c.md) before determining the normal value and the [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A) (or the constructed [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A)) of the merchandise.
  - (3) **Determinations to be basis of antidumping duty—** The [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) shall publish notice in the Federal Register of the results of its determination of normal value and [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A) (or the constructed [export price](/usc/19/1683.md?p=5-A)), and that determination shall be the basis for the assessment of antidumping duties on [entries](/usc/19/1677.md?p=23) of merchandise to which the notice under this subsection applies and also shall be the basis for the deposit of estimated antidumping duties on future [entries](/usc/19/1677.md?p=23) of merchandise of manufacturers, producers, or exporters described in [paragraph (1)](#c-1) to which the order issued under [subsection (a)](#a) applies.
  - (4) **Provision of business proprietary information; written comments—** Before determining whether to permit the posting of bond or other security under [paragraph (1)](#c-1) in lieu of the deposit of estimated antidumping duties, the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) shall—
    - (A) make all business proprietary information supplied to the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) under [paragraph (1)](#c-1) available under a protective order in accordance with [section 1677f(c) of this title](/usc/19/1677f.md?p=c) to all [interested parties](/usc/19/1677.md?p=9) described in subparagraph (C), (D), (E), (F), or (G) of [section 1677(9) of this title](/usc/19/1677.md?p=9), and
    - (B) afford all [interested parties](/usc/19/1677.md?p=9) an opportunity to file written comments on whether the posting of bond or other security under [paragraph (1)](#c-1) in lieu of the deposit of estimated antidumping duties should be permitted.
- (d) **Special rule for regional industries—**
  - (1) **In general—** In an investigation in which the [Commission](/usc/19/1677.md?p=2) makes a regional [industry](/usc/19/1677.md?p=4-A) determination under [section 1677(4)(C) of this title](/usc/19/1677.md?p=4-C), the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) shall, to the maximum extent possible, direct that duties be assessed only on the [subject merchandise](/usc/19/1677.md?p=25) of the specific exporters or producers that exported the [subject merchandise](/usc/19/1677.md?p=25) for sale in the region concerned during the period of investigation.
  - (2) **Exception for new exporters and producers—** After publication of the antidumping duty order, if the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) finds that a new [exporter or producer](/usc/19/1677.md?p=28) is exporting the [subject merchandise](/usc/19/1677.md?p=25) for sale in the region concerned, the [administering authority](/usc/19/1677.md?p=1) shall direct that duties be assessed on the [subject merchandise](/usc/19/1677.md?p=25) of the new [exporter or producer](/usc/19/1677.md?p=28) consistent with the provisions of [section 1675(a)(2)(B) of this title](/usc/19/1675.md?p=a-2-B).

## Source credit

(June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title VII, § 736, as added Pub. L. 96–39, title I, § 101, July 26, 1979, 93 Stat. 172; amended Pub. L. 99–514, title XVIII, § 1886(a)(7), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2922; Pub. L. 100–418, title I, § 1325, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1201; Pub. L. 103–465, title II, §§ 218(b)(2), 219(c)(9), 233(a)(1)(C), (2)(A)(iii), (5)(W)–(Y), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4855, 4857, 4898, 4900.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–465, § 233(a)(1)(C), (2)(A)(iii), substituted “normal value” for “foreign market value” and “export price (or the constructed export price)” for “United States price”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 103–465, § 233(a)(5)(W), substituted “subject merchandise” for “class or kind of merchandise to which it applies”.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–465, §§ 219(c)(9), 233(a)(5)(X), substituted “1673b(d)(2)” for “1673b(d)(1)” in two places and “subject merchandise” for “merchandise subject to the antidumping duty order”.

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 103–465, § 233(a)(5)(Y), substituted “subject merchandise” for “merchandise subject to an antidumping duty order”.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–465, § 233(a)(1)(C), (2)(A)(iii), substituted “normal value” for “foreign market value” and “export price (or the constructed export price)” for “United States price” in pars. (1)(C) to (E), (2)(B), and (3).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–465, § 218(b)(2), added subsec. (d).

1988—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 100–418, § 1325(a), amended par. (1) generally, designating existing provisions as cl. (C) and adding cls. (A), (B), (D), and (E).

Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 100–418, § 1325(b), added par. (4).

1986—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 99–514 inserted “, and was sold to any person that is not related to such manufacturer, producer, or exporter,” before “on or after the date”.

### Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

### Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–465 effective, except as otherwise provided, on the date on which the WTO Agreement enters into force with respect to the United States (Jan. 1, 1995), and applicable with respect to investigations, reviews, and inquiries initiated and petitions filed under specified provisions of this chapter after such date, see section 291 of Pub. L. 103–465, set out as a note under section 1671 of this title.

### Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–418 applicable with respect to investigations initiated after Aug. 23, 1988, and to reviews initiated under section 1673e(c) or 1675 of this title after Aug. 23, 1988, see section 1337(b) of Pub. L. 100–418, set out as a note under section 1671 of this title.

### Plan Amendments Not Required Until January 1, 1989

For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle A or subtitle C of title XI [§§ 1101–1147 and 1171–1177] or title XVIII [§§ 1801–1899A] of Pub. L. 99–514 require an amendment to any plan, such plan amendment shall not be required to be made before the first plan year beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1989, see section 1140 of Pub. L. 99–514, as amended, set out as a note under section 401 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.