---
kind: "section"
citation: "15 U.S.C. § 7002"
title: "15"
title_heading: "Commerce and Trade"
number: "7002"
heading: "Exemption to preemption"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/15/7002"
units:
  - "Chapter 96 — Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce"
  - "Subchapter I — Electronic Records and Signatures in Commerce"
---

# §7002. Exemption to preemption

- (a) **In general—** A [State](/usc/15/7006.md?p=12) statute, regulation, or other rule of law may modify, limit, or supersede the provisions of [section 7001 of this title](/usc/15/7001.md) with respect to [State](/usc/15/7006.md?p=12) law only if such statute, regulation, or rule of law—
  - (1) constitutes an enactment or adoption of the Uniform [Electronic](/usc/15/7006.md?p=2) Transactions Act as approved and recommended for enactment in all the [States](/usc/15/7006.md?p=12) by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform [State](/usc/15/7006.md?p=12) Laws in 1999, except that any exception to the scope of such Act enacted by a [State](/usc/15/7006.md?p=12) under [section 3(b)(4)](/usc/15/3.md) of such Act shall be preempted to the extent such exception is inconsistent with this subchapter or subchapter II, or would not be permitted under paragraph (2)(A)(ii) of this subsection; or
  - (2)
    - (A) specifies the alternative procedures or [requirements](/usc/15/7006.md?p=10) for the use or acceptance (or both) of [electronic records](/usc/15/7006.md?p=4) or [electronic signatures](/usc/15/7006.md?p=5) to establish the legal effect, validity, or enforceability of contracts or other [records](/usc/15/7006.md?p=9), if—
      - (i) such alternative procedures or [requirements](/usc/15/7006.md?p=10) are consistent with this subchapter and subchapter II; and
      - (ii) such alternative procedures or [requirements](/usc/15/7006.md?p=10) do not require, or accord greater legal status or effect to, the implementation or application of a specific technology or technical specification for performing the functions of creating, storing, generating, receiving, communicating, or authenticating [electronic records](/usc/15/7006.md?p=4) or [electronic signatures](/usc/15/7006.md?p=5); and
    - (B) if enacted or adopted after June 30, 2000, makes specific reference to this chapter.
- (b) **Exceptions for actions by States as market participants—** [Subsection (a)(2)(A)(ii)](#a-2-A-ii) shall not apply to the statutes, regulations, or other rules of law governing procurement by any [State](/usc/15/7006.md?p=12), or any agency or instrumentality thereof.
- (c) **Prevention of circumvention—** [Subsection (a)](#a) does not permit a [State](/usc/15/7006.md?p=12) to circumvent this subchapter or subchapter II through the imposition of nonelectronic delivery methods under [section 8(b)(2)](/usc/15/8.md) of the Uniform [Electronic](/usc/15/7006.md?p=2) Transactions Act.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 106–229, title I, § 102, June 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 467.)

## Notes

### Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

### Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 2000, with exceptions relating to record retention and certain loans, see section 107 of Pub. L. 106–229, set out as a note under section 7001 of this title.