---
kind: "section"
citation: "15 U.S.C. § 1693g"
title: "15"
title_heading: "Commerce and Trade"
number: "1693g"
heading: "Consumer liability"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/15/1693g"
units:
  - "Chapter 41 — Consumer Credit Protection"
  - "Subchapter VI — Electronic Fund Transfers"
---

# §1693g. Consumer liability

- (a) **Unauthorized electronic fund transfers; limit—** A [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) shall be liable for any [unauthorized electronic fund transfer](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=12) involving the [account](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=2) of such [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) only if the card or other means of access utilized for such transfer was an accepted card or other meanas[^1] of access and if the issuer of such card, code, or other means of access has provided a means whereby the user of such card, code, or other means of access can be identified as the [person](/usc/15/1602.md?p=e) authorized to use it, such as by signature, photograph, or fingerprint or by electronic or mechanical confirmation. In no event, however, shall a [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3)’s liability for an unauthorized transfer exceed the lesser of—
  - (1) $50; or
  - (2) the amount of money or value of property or services obtained in such [unauthorized electronic fund transfer](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=12) prior to the time the [financial institution](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=9) is notified of, or otherwise becomes aware of, circumstances which lead to the reasonable belief that an [unauthorized electronic fund transfer](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=12) involving the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3)’s [account](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=2) has been or may be effected. Notice under this paragraph is sufficient when such steps have been taken as may be reasonably required in the ordinary course of business to provide the [financial institution](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=9) with the pertinent information, whether or not any particular officer, employee, or agent of the [financial institution](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=9) does in fact receive such information.

  Notwithstanding the foregoing, reimbursement need not be made to the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) for losses the [financial institution](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=9) establishes would not have occurred but for the failure of the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) to report within sixty days of transmittal of the statement (or in extenuating circumstances such as extended travel or hospitalization, within a reasonable time under the circumstances) any [unauthorized electronic fund transfer](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=12) or [account](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=2) error which appears on the periodic statement provided to the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) under [section 1693d of this title](/usc/15/1693d.md). In addition, reimbursement need not be made to the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) for losses which the [financial institution](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=9) establishes would not have occurred but for the failure of the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) to report any loss or theft of a card or other means of access within two [business days](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=5) after the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) learns of the loss or theft (or in extenuating circumstances such as extended travel or hospitalization, within a longer period which is reasonable under the circumstances), but the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3)’s liability under this subsection in any such case may not exceed a total of $500, or the amount of [unauthorized electronic fund transfers](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=12) which occur following the close of two [business days](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=5) (or such longer period) after the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) learns of the loss or theft but prior to notice to the [financial institution](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=9) under this subsection, whichever is less.

- (b) **Burden of proof—** In any action which involves a [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3)’s liability for an [unauthorized electronic fund transfer](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=12), the burden of proof is upon the [financial institution](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=9) to show that the [electronic fund transfer](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=7) was authorized or, if the [electronic fund transfer](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=7) was unauthorized, then the burden of proof is upon the [financial institution](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=9) to establish that the conditions of liability set forth in [subsection (a)](#a) have been met, and, if the transfer was initiated after the effective date of [section 1693c of this title](/usc/15/1693c.md), that the disclosures required to be made to the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) under [section 1693c(a)(1)](/usc/15/1693c.md?p=a-1) and (2) of this title were in fact made in accordance with such section.
- (c) **Determination of limitation on liability—** In the event of a transaction which involves both an [unauthorized electronic fund transfer](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=12) and an extension of [credit](/usc/15/1602.md?p=f) as defined in [section 1602(e)](/usc/15/1602.md?p=e)[^2] of this title pursuant to an [agreement](/usc/15/7a.md?p=2) between the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) and the [financial institution](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=9) to extend such [credit](/usc/15/1602.md?p=f) to the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) in the event the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3)’s [account](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=2) is overdrawn, the limitation on the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3)’s liability for such transaction shall be determined solely in accordance with this section.
- (d) **Restriction on liability—** Nothing in this section imposes liability upon a [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) for an [unauthorized electronic fund transfer](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=12) in excess of his liability for such a transfer under other applicable law or under any [agreement](/usc/15/7a.md?p=2) with the [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3)’s [financial institution](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=9).
- (e) **Scope of liability—** Except as provided in this section, a [consumer](/usc/15/1692a.md?p=3) incurs no liability from an [unauthorized electronic fund transfer](/usc/15/1693a.md?p=12).

## Footnotes

[^1]: So in original. Probably should be “means”.
[^2]: See References in Text note below.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 90–321, title IX, § 909, as added Pub. L. 95–630, title XX, § 2001, Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3734.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### References in Text

Section 1602(e) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c), was redesignated section 1602(f) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2107.