---
kind: "section"
citation: "12 U.S.C. § 3351"
title: "12"
title_heading: "Banks and Banking"
number: "3351"
heading: "Miscellaneous provisions"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/12/3351"
units:
  - "Chapter 34A — Appraisal Subcommittee of Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council"
---

# §3351. Miscellaneous provisions

- (a) **Temporary practice—**
  - (1) **In general—** A [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) appraiser certifying or licensing agency shall recognize on a temporary basis the certification or license of an appraiser issued by another [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) if—
    - (A) the property to be appraised is part of a [federally related transaction](/usc/12/3350.md?p=4),
    - (B) the appraiser’s business is of a temporary nature, and
    - (C) the appraiser registers with the appraiser certifying or licensing agency in the [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) of temporary practice.
  - (2) **Fees for temporary practice—** A [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) appraiser certifying or licensing agency shall not impose excessive fees or burdensome requirements, as determined by the [Appraisal Subcommittee](/usc/12/3350.md?p=2), for temporary practice under this subsection.
- (b) **Reciprocity—** Notwithstanding any other provisions of this chapter, a [federally related transaction](/usc/12/3350.md?p=4) shall not be appraised by a certified or licensed appraiser unless the [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) appraiser certifying or licensing agency of the [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) certifying or licensing such appraiser has in place a policy of issuing a reciprocal certification or license for an individual from another [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) when—
  - (1) the appraiser licensing and certification program of such other [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) is in compliance with the provisions of this chapter; and
  - (2) the appraiser holds a valid certification from a [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) whose requirements for certification or licensing meet or exceed the licensure standards established by the [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) where an individual seeks appraisal licensure.
- (c) **Supplemental funding—** Funds available to the [Federal financial institutions regulatory agencies](/usc/12/3350.md?p=6) may be made available to the [Financial Institutions](/usc/12/3350.md?p=7) Examination [Council](/usc/12/3350.md?p=3) to support the [Council](/usc/12/3350.md?p=3)’s functions under this chapter.
- (d) **Prohibition against discrimination—** Criteria established by the [Federal financial institutions regulatory agencies](/usc/12/3350.md?p=6), the Federal National [Mortgage](/usc/12/1707.md?p=a) Association, the Federal Home Loan [Mortgage](/usc/12/1707.md?p=a) Corporation, and the Resolution Trust Corporation for appraiser qualifications in addition to [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) certification or licensing may include education achieved, experience, sample appraisals, and references from prior clients. Membership in a nationally recognized professional appraisal organization may be a criteria considered, though lack of membership therein shall not be the sole bar against consideration for an assignment under these criteria.
- (e) **Other requirements—** A corporation, partnership, or other business entity may provide appraisal services in connection with [federally related transactions](/usc/12/3350.md?p=4) if such appraisal is prepared by individuals certified or licensed in accordance with the requirements of this chapter. An individual who is not a [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) certified or licensed appraiser may assist in the preparation of an appraisal if—
  - (1) the assistant is under the direct supervision of a licensed or certified individual; and
  - (2) the final appraisal document is approved and signed by an individual who is certified or licensed.
- (f) **Studies—**
  - (1) **Study—** The [Appraisal Subcommittee](/usc/12/3350.md?p=2) shall—
    - (A) conduct a study to determine whether [real estate](/usc/12/1707.md?p=g) sales and financing information and data that is available to [real estate](/usc/12/1707.md?p=g) appraisers in the [States](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) is sufficient to permit appraisers to properly estimate the values of properties in connection with [federally related transactions](/usc/12/3350.md?p=4); and
    - (B) study the feasibility and desirability of extending the provisions of this chapter to the function of personal property appraising and to personal property appraisers in connection with Federal financial and public policy interests.
  - (2) **Report—** The [Appraisal Subcommittee](/usc/12/3350.md?p=2) shall—
    - (A) report its findings to the Congress with respect to the study described in [paragraph (1)(A)](#f-1-A) no later than 12 months after August 9, 1989, and
    - (B) report its findings with respect to the study described in [paragraph (1)(B)](#f-1-B) to Congress not later than 18 months after August 9, 1989.
- (g) **Appraiser independence monitoring—** The [Appraisal Subcommittee](/usc/12/3350.md?p=2) shall monitor each [State appraiser certifying and licensing agency](/usc/12/3350.md?p=1) for the purpose of determining whether such agency’s policies, practices, and procedures are consistent with the purposes of maintaining appraiser independence and whether such [State](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) has adopted and maintains effective laws, regulations, and policies aimed at maintaining appraiser independence.
- (h) **Approved education—** The [Appraisal Subcommittee](/usc/12/3350.md?p=2) shall encourage the [States](/usc/12/1707.md?p=d) to accept courses approved by the Appraiser Qualification [Board](/usc/12/1861.md?p=b-3)’s Course Approval Program.
- (i) **Appraisal complaint national hotline—** If, 6 months after July 21, 2010, the [Appraisal Subcommittee](/usc/12/3350.md?p=2) determines that no national hotline exists to receive complaints of non-compliance with appraisal independence standards and Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice, including complaints from appraisers, individuals, or other entities concerning the improper influencing or attempted improper influencing of appraisers or the appraisal process, the [Appraisal Subcommittee](/usc/12/3350.md?p=2) shall establish and operate such a national hotline, which shall include a toll-free telephone number and an email address. If the [Appraisal Subcommittee](/usc/12/3350.md?p=2) operates such a national hotline, the [Appraisal Subcommittee](/usc/12/3350.md?p=2) shall refer complaints for further action to appropriate governmental bodies, including a [State appraiser certifying and licensing agency](/usc/12/3350.md?p=1), a [financial institution](/usc/12/3350.md?p=7) regulator, or other appropriate legal authorities. For complaints referred to [State appraiser certifying and licensing agencies](/usc/12/3350.md?p=1) or to Federal regulators, the [Appraisal Subcommittee](/usc/12/3350.md?p=2) shall have the authority to follow up such complaint referrals in order to determine the status of the resolution of the complaint.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 101–73, title XI, § 1122, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 518; Pub. L. 103–325, title III, § 315, Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2222; Pub. L. 111–203, title XIV, § 1473(l)–(p), (t)(4), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2196, 2197, 2199.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### Amendments

2010—Subsec. (a)(1)(A) to (C). Pub. L. 111–203, § 1473(t)(4)(A), realigned margins.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111–203, § 1473(l), amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The Appraisal Subcommittee shall encourage the States to develop reciprocity agreements that readily authorize appraisers who are licensed or certified in one State (and who are in good standing with their State appraiser certifying or licensing agency) to perform appraisals in other States.”

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 111–203, § 1473(t)(4)(B), substituted “Financial Institutions Examination Council” for “Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council” and “the Council’s functions” for “the council’s functions”.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–203, § 1473(m), substituted “may include education achieved, experience, sample appraisals, and references from prior clients. Membership in a nationally recognized professional appraisal organization may be a criteria considered, though lack of membership therein shall not be the sole bar against consideration for an assignment under these criteria.” for “shall not exclude a certified or licensed appraiser for consideration for an assignment solely by virtue of membership or lack of membership in any particular appraisal organization.”

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 111–203, § 1473(n), added subsec. (g).

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 111–203, § 1473(o), added subsec. (h).

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 111–203, § 1473(p), added subsec. (i).

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–325, § 315(3), redesignated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted heading, redesignated former pars. (1) to (3) as subpars. (A) to (C) of par. (1), and added par. (2).

Subsecs. (b) to (f). Pub. L. 103–325, § 315(1), (2), added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsecs. (b) to (e) as (c) to (f), respectively.

### Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

### Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the date on which final regulations implementing that amendment take effect, or on the date that is 18 months after the designated transfer date if such regulations have not been issued by that date, see section 1400(c) of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 1601 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.