---
kind: "section"
citation: "10 U.S.C. § 1045"
title: "10"
title_heading: "Armed Forces"
number: "1045"
heading: "Voluntary withholding of State income tax from retired or retainer pay"
release: "119-102"
date: "2026-07-12"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/10/1045"
units:
  - "Subtitle A — General Military Law"
  - "Part II — Personnel"
  - "Chapter 53 — Miscellaneous Rights and Benefits"
---

# §1045. Voluntary withholding of State income tax from retired or retainer pay

- (a) The [Secretary concerned](/usc/10/2801.md?p=c-5) shall enter into an agreement under this section with any [State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4) within 120 days of a request for agreement from the proper [State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4) official. The agreement shall provide that the [Secretary concerned](/usc/10/2801.md?p=c-5) shall withhold [State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4) income tax from the monthly retired or retainer [pay](/usc/10/101.md?p=a-15) of any member or former member entitled to such [pay](/usc/10/101.md?p=a-15) who voluntarily requests such withholding in writing. The amounts withheld during any calendar month shall be retained by the [Secretary concerned](/usc/10/2801.md?p=c-5) and disbursed to the [States](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4) during the following calendar month.
- (b) A member or former member may request that the [State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4) designated for withholding be changed and that the withholdings be remitted in accordance with such change. A member or former member also may revoke any request of such member or former member for withholding. Any request for a change in the [State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4) designated and any revocation is effective on the first day of the month after the month in which the request or revocation is processed by the [Secretary concerned](/usc/10/2801.md?p=c-5), but in no event later than on the first day of the second month beginning after the day on which the request or revocation is received by the [Secretary concerned](/usc/10/2801.md?p=c-5).
- (c) A member or former member may have in effect at any time only one request for withholding under this section and may not have more than two such requests in effect during any one calendar year.
- (d)
  - (1) This section does not give the consent of the [United States](/usc/10/101.md?p=a-1) to the application of a statute that imposes more burdensome requirements on the [United States](/usc/10/101.md?p=a-1) than on employers generally or that subjects the [United States](/usc/10/101.md?p=a-1) or any member or former member entitled to retired or retainer [pay](/usc/10/101.md?p=a-15) to a penalty or liability because of this section.
  - (2) The [Secretary concerned](/usc/10/2801.md?p=c-5) may not accept [pay](/usc/10/101.md?p=a-15) from a [State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4) for services performed in withholding [State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4) income taxes from retired or retainer [pay](/usc/10/101.md?p=a-15).
  - (3) Any amount erroneously withheld from retired or retainer [pay](/usc/10/101.md?p=a-15) and paid to a [State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4) by the [Secretary concerned](/usc/10/2801.md?p=c-5) shall be repaid by the [State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4) in accordance with regulations prescribed by the [Secretary concerned](/usc/10/2801.md?p=c-5).
- (e) In this section:
  - (1) The term “[State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4)” means any [State](/usc/10/4951.md?p=4), the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any territory or possession of the [United States](/usc/10/101.md?p=a-1).
  - (2) The term “[Secretary concerned](/usc/10/2801.md?p=c-5)” [includes](/usc/10/101.md?p=g-4) the [Secretary](/usc/10/4951.md?p=3) of Health and Human Services with respect to the commissioned corps of the Public Health Service and the [Secretary](/usc/10/4951.md?p=3) of Commerce with respect to the commissioned corps of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

## Source credit

(Added Pub. L. 98–525, title VI, § 654(a), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2551; amended Pub. L. 100–26, § 7(k)(2), Apr. 21, 1987, 101 Stat. 284; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title VI, § 661, Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3314.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### Amendments

2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–163, in third sentence, substituted “any calendar month” for “any calendar quarter” and “during the following calendar month” for “during the month following that calendar quarter”.

1987—Subsec. (e)(1), (2). Pub. L. 100–26 inserted “The term” after each par. designation.