---
kind: "unit"
title: "9"
title_heading: "Animals and Animal Products"
key: "chIII/subchE/part431"
level: "part"
label: "Part 431"
heading: "Thermally Processed, Commercially Sterile Products"
release: "ecfr-current"
date: "2026-08-27"
url: "https://uscodex.org/cfr/9/chIII-subchE-part431"
sections_count: 12
---

# Part 431 — Thermally Processed, Commercially Sterile Products

Title 9 C.F.R. — Animals and Animal Products › Chapter III — Food Safety and Inspection Service, Department of Agriculture › Subchapter E — Regulatory Requirements under the Federal Meat Inspection Act, the Poultry Products Inspection Act, and the Egg Products Inspection Act

## Sections

- [§431.1. Definitions.](/cfr/9/431.1.md)
- [§431.2. Containers and closures.](/cfr/9/431.2.md)
- [§431.3. Thermal processing.](/cfr/9/431.3.md)
- [§431.4. Critical factors and the application of the process schedule.](/cfr/9/431.4.md)
- [§431.5. Operations in the thermal processing area.](/cfr/9/431.5.md)
- [§431.6. Equipment and procedures for heat processing systems.](/cfr/9/431.6.md)
- [§431.7. Processing and production records.](/cfr/9/431.7.md)
- [§431.8. Record review and maintenance.](/cfr/9/431.8.md)
- [§431.9. Deviations in processing.](/cfr/9/431.9.md)
- [§431.10. Finished product inspection.](/cfr/9/431.10.md)
- [§431.11. Personnel and training.](/cfr/9/431.11.md)
- [§431.12. Recall procedure.](/cfr/9/431.12.md)