---
kind: "section"
citation: "50 C.F.R. § 14.111"
title: "50"
number: "14.111"
heading: "Handling."
url: "https://uscodex.org/cfr/50/14.111"
---

# §14.111. Handling.

- (a) Care shall be exercised to avoid handling the primary enclosure in a manner likely to cause physical or psychological trauma to the mammal or bird.
- (b) A primary enclosure used to move any mammal or bird shall not be dropped, tipped excessively, or otherwise mishandled, and shall not be stacked or placed in a manner that may reasonably be expected to result in its falling or being tipped.
- (c) Animals incompatible with one another shall not be crated together or held in close proximity.
- (d) Transport of mammals or birds to the United States shall be accomplished by the carrier in the most expeditious manner, with the fewest stopovers possible, and without unnecessary delays.
- (e) Consistent with other procedures and requirements of the carrier, live wild mammals or birds shall be last loaded and first unloaded from a conveyance.
- (f) A carrier shall not allow mammals or birds to remain for extended periods of time outside a holding area and shall move them between a holding area and a conveyance as expeditiously as possible. A carrier or shipper maintaining mammals or birds in a holding area, or transporting them to or from a holding area or between a holding area and a conveyance, shall provide the following:
  - (1) **Shelter from sunlight.** When sunlight is likely to cause overheating or discomfort, sufficient shade shall be provided to protect animals from the direct rays of the sun.
  - (2) **Shelter from precipitation.** Animals shall be provided protection so that they remain dry during rain, snow, or other forms of precipitation.
  - (3) **Shelter from cold.** Animals shall be provided protection from cold. Protection shall include, but not be limited to, that provided by covering and/or heating of transporting devices, holding areas, conveyances or terminal facilities.
  - (4) **Protection from harassment.** Animals shall be protected from disturbances, including, but not limited to, harassment by humans, other animals, or machinery that makes noise, emits fumes, heat, or light, or causes vibration.

## Notes

### Source

Source: 57 FR 27108, June 17, 1992, unless otherwise noted.

### Authority

Authority: 16 U.S.C. 668, 704, 712, 1382, 1538(d)-(f), 1540(f), 3371-3378, 4223-4244, and 4901-4916; 18 U.S.C. 42; 31 U.S.C. 9701; Pub. L. 115-334, 132 Stat. 4490.

### Source

Source: 45 FR 56673, Aug. 25, 1980, unless otherwise noted.