---
kind: "unit"
title: "49"
title_heading: "Transportation"
key: "subtB/chII/part231"
level: "part"
label: "Part 231"
heading: "Railroad Safety Appliance Standards"
release: "ecfr-current"
date: "2026-08-27"
url: "https://uscodex.org/cfr/49/subtB-chII-part231"
sections_count: 34
---

# Part 231 — Railroad Safety Appliance Standards

Title 49 C.F.R. — Transportation › Subtitle B — Other Regulations Relating to Transportation › Chapter II — Federal Railroad Administration, Department of Transportation

## Sections

- [§231.0. Applicability and penalties.](/cfr/49/231.0.md)
- [§231.1. Box and other house cars built or placed in service before October 1, 1966.](/cfr/49/231.1.md)
- [§231.2. Hopper cars and high-side gondolas with fixed ends.](/cfr/49/231.2.md)
- [§231.3. Drop-end high-side gondola cars.](/cfr/49/231.3.md)
- [§231.4. Fixed-end low-side gondola and low-side hopper cars.](/cfr/49/231.4.md)
- [§231.5. Drop-end low-side gondola cars.](/cfr/49/231.5.md)
- [§231.6. Flat cars.](/cfr/49/231.6.md)
- [§231.7. Tank cars with side platforms.](/cfr/49/231.7.md)
- [§231.8. Tank cars without side sills and tank cars with short side sills and end platforms.](/cfr/49/231.8.md)
- [§231.9. Tank cars without end sills.](/cfr/49/231.9.md)
- [§231.10. Caboose cars with platforms.](/cfr/49/231.10.md)
- [§231.11. Caboose cars without platforms.](/cfr/49/231.11.md)
- [§231.12. Passenger-train cars with wide vestibules.](/cfr/49/231.12.md)
- [§231.13. Passenger-train cars with open-end platforms.](/cfr/49/231.13.md)
- [§231.14. Passenger-train cars without end platforms.](/cfr/49/231.14.md)
- [§231.15. Steam locomotives used in road service.](/cfr/49/231.15.md)
- [§231.16. Steam locomotives used in switching service.](/cfr/49/231.16.md)
- [§231.17. Specifications common to all steam locomotives.](/cfr/49/231.17.md)
- [§231.18. Cars of special construction.](/cfr/49/231.18.md)
- [§231.19. Definition of “Right” and “Left.”](/cfr/49/231.19.md)
- [§231.20. Variation in size permitted.](/cfr/49/231.20.md)
- [§231.21. Tank cars without underframes.](/cfr/49/231.21.md)
- [§231.22. Operation of track motor cars.](/cfr/49/231.22.md)
- [§231.23. Unidirectional passenger-train cars adaptable to van-type semi-trailer use.](/cfr/49/231.23.md)
- [§231.24. Box and other house cars with roofs, 16 feet 10 inches or more above top of rail. 1](/cfr/49/231.24.md)
- [§231.25. Track motorcars (self-propelled 4-wheel cars which can be removed from the rails by men).](/cfr/49/231.25.md)
- [§231.26. Pushcars.](/cfr/49/231.26.md)
- [§231.27. Box and other house cars without roof hatches or placed in service after October 1, 1966.](/cfr/49/231.27.md)
- [§231.28. Box and other house cars with roof hatches built or placed in service after October 1, 1966.](/cfr/49/231.28.md)
- [§231.29. Road locomotives with corner stairways.](/cfr/49/231.29.md)
- [§231.30. Locomotives used in switching service.](/cfr/49/231.30.md)
- [§231.31. Drawbars for freight cars; standard height.](/cfr/49/231.31.md)
- [§231.33. Procedure for special approval of existing industry safety appliance standards.](/cfr/49/231.33.md)
- [§231.35. Procedure for modification of an approved industry safety appliance standard for new railcar construction.](/cfr/49/231.35.md)