---
kind: "section"
citation: "45 C.F.R. § 160.316"
title: "45"
number: "160.316"
heading: "Refraining from intimidation or retaliation."
url: "https://uscodex.org/cfr/45/160.316"
---

# §160.316. Refraining from intimidation or retaliation.


A covered entity or business associate may not threaten, intimidate, coerce, harass, discriminate against, or take any other retaliatory action against any individual or other person for—

- (a) Filing of a complaint under [§ 160.306](/cfr/45/160.306.md);
- (b) Testifying, assisting, or participating in an investigation, compliance review, proceeding, or hearing under this part; or
- (c) Opposing any act or practice made unlawful by this subchapter, provided the individual or person has a good faith belief that the practice opposed is unlawful, and the manner of opposition is reasonable and does not involve a disclosure of protected health information in violation of [subpart E of part 164](/cfr/45/part164-subpartE.md) of this subchapter.

## Notes

### Amendments

[71 FR 8424, Feb. 16, 2006, as amended at 78 FR 5691, Jan. 25, 2013]

### Source

Source: 71 FR 8424, Feb. 16, 2006, unless otherwise noted.

### Authority

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 1302(a); 42 U.S.C. 1320d-1320d-9; sec. 264, Pub. L. 104-191, 110 Stat. 2033-2034 (42 U.S.C. 1320d-2 (note)); 5 U.S.C. 552; secs. 13400-13424, Pub. L. 111-5, 123 Stat. 258-279; and sec. 1104 of Pub. L. 111-148, 124 Stat. 146-154.

### Source

Source: 65 FR 82798, Dec. 28, 2000, unless otherwise noted.

### Amendments

[71 FR 8424, Feb. 16, 2006, as amended at 78 FR 5691, Jan. 25, 2013]