---
kind: "range"
citation: "40 C.F.R. §§ 63.1252–63.1256"
title: "40"
from: "63.1252"
to: "63.1256"
count: 5
url: "https://uscodex.org/cfr/40/63.1252..63.1256"
---

# §63.1252. Standards: General.


Each owner or operator of any affected source subject to the provisions of this subpart shall control HAP emissions to the level specified in this section on and after the compliance dates specified in [§ 63.1250(f)](/cfr/40/63.1250.md?p=f). Initial compliance with the emission limits is demonstrated in accordance with the provisions of [§ 63.1257](/cfr/40/63.1257.md), and continuous compliance is demonstrated in accordance with the provisions of [§ 63.1258](/cfr/40/63.1258.md).

- (a) **Opening of a safety device.** Opening of a safety device, as defined in [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md), is allowed at any time conditions require it to do so to avoid unsafe conditions.
- (b) **Closed-vent systems.** The owner or operator of a closed-vent system that contains bypass lines that could divert a vent stream away from a control device used to comply with the requirements in §§ [63.1253](/cfr/40/63.1253.md), [63.1254](/cfr/40/63.1254.md), and [63.1256](/cfr/40/63.1256.md) shall comply with the requirements of Table 4 to this subpart and paragraph [(b)(1)](#b-1) or [(2)](#b-2) of this section. Equipment such as low leg drains, high point bleeds, analyzer vents, open-ended valves or lines, rupture disks and pressure relief valves needed for safety purposes are not subject to this paragraph.
  - (1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a flow indicator that determines whether vent stream flow is present at least once every 15 minutes. Records shall be maintained as specified in [§ 63.1259(i)(6)(i)](/cfr/40/63.1259.md?p=i-6-i). The flow indicator shall be installed at the entrance to any bypass line that could divert the vent stream away from the control device to the atmosphere; or
  - (2) Secure the bypass line valve in the closed position with a car seal or lock and key type configuration. A visual inspection of the seal or closure mechanism shall be performed at least once every month to ensure that the valve is maintained in the closed position and the vent stream is not diverted through the bypass line. Records shall be maintained as specified in [§ 63.1259(i)(6)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1259.md?p=i-6-ii).
- (c) **Heat exchange systems.** Except as provided in [paragraph (c)(2)](#c-2) of this section, owners and operators of affected sources shall comply with the requirements in [paragraph (c)(1)](#c-1) of this section for heat exchange systems that cool process equipment or materials used in pharmaceutical manufacturing operations.
  - (1) The heat exchange system shall be treated according to the provisions of [§ 63.104](/cfr/40/63.104.md), except that the monitoring frequency shall be no less than quarterly.
  - (2) For identifying leaking equipment, the owner or operator of heat exchange systems on equipment which meet current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) requirements of [21 CFR part 211](/cfr/21/part211.md) may elect to use the physical integrity of the reactor as the surrogate indicator of heat exchange system leaks around the reactor.
- (d) **Emissions averaging provisions.** Except as specified in [paragraphs (d)(1) through (5)](#d-1..d-5) of this section, owners or operators of storage tanks or processes subject to the provisions of §§ [63.1253](/cfr/40/63.1253.md) and [63.1254](/cfr/40/63.1254.md) may choose to comply by using emissions averaging requirements specified in § [63.1257(g)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=g) or [(h)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=h) for any storage tank or process.
  - (1) A State may prohibit averaging of HAP emissions and require the owner or operator of an existing source to comply with the provisions in §§ [63.1253](/cfr/40/63.1253.md) and [63.1254](/cfr/40/63.1254.md).
  - (2) Only emission sources subject to the requirements of § [63.1253(b)(1)](/cfr/40/63.1253.md?p=b-1) or [(c)(1)(i)](/cfr/40/63.1253.md?p=c-1-i) or [§ 63.1254(a)(1)(i)](/cfr/40/63.1254.md?p=a-1-i) may be included in any averaging group.
  - (3) Processes which have been permanently shutdown or storage tanks permanently taken out of HAP service may not be included in any averaging group.
  - (4) Processes and storage tanks already controlled on or before November 15, 1990 may not be included in an emissions averaging group, except where the level of control is increased after November 15, 1990. In these cases, the uncontrolled emissions shall be the controlled emissions as calculated on November 15, 1990 for the purpose of determining the uncontrolled emissions as specified in § [63.1257(g)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=g) and [(h)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=h).
  - (5) Emission points controlled to comply with a State or Federal rule other than this subpart may not be credited in an emission averaging group, unless the level of control has been increased after November 15, 1990 above what is required by the other State or Federal rule. Only the control above what is required by the other State or Federal rule will be credited. However, if an emission point has been used to generate emissions averaging credit in an approved emissions average, and the point is subsequently made subject to a State or Federal rule other than this subpart, the point can continue to generate emissions averaging credit for the purpose of complying with the previously approved average.
  - (6) Not more than 20 processes subject to § [63.1254(a)(1)(i)](/cfr/40/63.1254.md?p=a-1-i), and [20](/cfr/40/20.md) storage tanks subject to § [63.1253(b)(1)](/cfr/40/63.1253.md?p=b-1) or [(c)(1)(i)](/cfr/40/63.1253.md?p=c-1-i) at an affected source may be included in an emissions averaging group.
  - (7) Compliance with the emission standards in [§ 63.1253](/cfr/40/63.1253.md) shall be satisfied when the annual percent reduction efficiency is greater than or equal to 90 percent for those tanks meeting the criteria of § [63.1253(a)(1)](/cfr/40/63.1253.md?p=a-1) and [95](/cfr/40/95.md) percent for those tanks meeting the criteria of [§ 63.1253(a)(2)](/cfr/40/63.1253.md?p=a-2), as demonstrated using the test methods and compliance procedures specified in [§ 63.1257(g)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=g).
  - (8) Compliance with the emission standards in [§ 63.1254(a)(1)(i)](/cfr/40/63.1254.md?p=a-1-i) shall be satisfied when the annual percent reduction efficiency is greater than or equal to 93 percent, as demonstrated using the test methods and compliance procedures specified in [§ 63.1257(h)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=h).
- (e) **Pollution prevention alternative.** Except as provided in [paragraph (e)(1)](#e-1) of this section, an owner or operator may choose to meet the pollution prevention alternative requirement specified in either paragraph [(e)(2)](#e-2) or [(3)](#e-3) of this section for any PMPU or for any situation described in [paragraph (e)(4)](#e-4) of this section, in lieu of the requirements specified in §§ [63.1253](/cfr/40/63.1253.md), [63.1254](/cfr/40/63.1254.md), [63.1255](/cfr/40/63.1255.md), and [63.1256](/cfr/40/63.1256.md). Compliance with paragraphs [(e)(2)](#e-2) and [(3)](#e-3) of this section shall be demonstrated through the procedures in [§ 63.1257(f)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=f). Any PMPU for which the owner or operator seeks to comply by using the pollution prevention alternative shall begin with the same starting material(s) and end with the same product(s). The owner or operator may not comply with the pollution prevention alternative by eliminating any steps of a process by transferring the step offsite (to another manufacturing location).
  - (1) The HAP that are generated in the PMPU that are not part of the production-indexed consumption factor must be controlled according to the requirements of §§ [63.1253](/cfr/40/63.1253.md), [63.1254](/cfr/40/63.1254.md), [63.1255](/cfr/40/63.1255.md), and [63.1256](/cfr/40/63.1256.md). The hydrogen halides that are generated as a result of combustion control of emissions must be controlled according to the requirements of [paragraph (g)(1)](#g-1) of this section.
  - (2) The production-indexed HAP consumption factor (kg HAP consumed/kg produced) shall be reduced by at least 75 percent from a 3 year average baseline established no earlier than the 1987 calendar year, or for the time period from startup of the process until the present in which the PMPU was operational and data are available, whichever is the lesser time period. If a time period less than 3 years is used to set the baseline, the data must represent at least 1 year's worth of data. For any reduction in the HAP factor achieved by reducing a HAP that is also a VOC, an equivalent reduction in the VOC factor is also required. For any reduction in the HAP factor that is achieved by reducing a HAP that is not a VOC, the VOC factor may not be increased.
  - (3) **Both requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section are met.**
    - (i) The production-indexed HAP consumption factor (kg HAP consumed/kg produced) shall be reduced by at least 50 percent from a 3-year average baseline established no earlier than the 1987 calendar year, or for the time period from startup of the process until the present in which the PMPU was operational and data are available, whichever is less. If a time period less than 3 years is used to set the baseline, the data must represent at least 1 year's worth of data. For any reduction in the HAP factor achieved by reducing a HAP that is also a VOC, an equivalent reduction in the VOC factor is also required. For any reduction in the HAP factor that is achieved by reducing a HAP that is not a VOC, the VOC factor may not be increased.
    - (ii) The total PMPU HAP emissions shall be reduced by an amount, in kg/yr, that, when divided by the annual production rate, in kg/yr, and added to the reduction of the production-indexed HAP consumption factor, in kg/kg, yields a value of at least 75 percent of the average baseline HAP production-indexed consumption factor established according to [paragraph (e)(3)(i)](#e-3-i) of this section according to the equation provided in [§ 63.1257(f)(2)(ii)(A)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=f-2-ii-A). The total PMPU VOC emissions shall be reduced by an amount calculated according to the equation provided in [§ 63.1257(f)(2)(ii)(B)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=f-2-ii-B). The annual reduction in HAP and VOC air emissions must be due to the use of the following control devices:
      - (A) **Combustion control devices such as incinerators, flares or process heaters.**
      - (B) Control devices such as condensers and carbon adsorbers whose recovered product is destroyed or shipped offsite for destruction.
      - (C) **Any control device that does not ultimately allow for recycling of material back to the PMPU.**
      - (D) Any control device for which the owner or operator can demonstrate that the use of the device in controlling HAP emissions will have no effect on the production-indexed consumption factor for the PMPU.
  - (4) The owner or operator may comply with the requirements in either paragraph [(e)(2)](#e-2) or [(3)](#e-3) of this section for a series of processes, including situations where multiple processes are merged, subject to the following conditions:
    - (i) The baseline period shall be a single year beginning no earlier than the 1992 calendar year.
    - (ii) The term “PMPU” shall have the meaning provided in [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md) except that the baseline and modified PMPU may include multiple processes (i.e., precursors, active ingredients, and final dosage form) if the owner or operator demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Administrator that the multiple processes were merged after the baseline period into an existing process or processes.
    - (iii) Nondedicated formulation and solvent recovery processes may not be merged with any other processes.
- (f) **Control requirements for certain liquid streams in open systems within a PMPU.**
  - (1) The owner or operator shall comply with the provisions of Table 5 of this subpart, for each item of equipment meeting all the criteria specified in [paragraphs (f)(2) through (4)](#f-2..f-4) and either paragraph [(f)(5)(i)](#f-5-i) or [(ii)](#f-5-ii) of this section.
  - (2) The item of equipment is of a type identified in Table 5 of this subpart;
  - (3) The item of equipment is part of a PMPU, as defined in [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md);
  - (4) The item of equipment is controlled less stringently than in Table 5 of this subpart and the item of equipment is not otherwise exempt from controls by the provisions of this subpart or [subpart A](/cfr/40/subpartA.md) of this part; and
  - (5) **The item of equipment—**
    - (i) Is a drain, drain hub, manhole, lift station, trench, pipe, or oil/water separator that conveys water with an annual average concentration greater than or equal to 1,300 parts per million by weight (ppmw) of partially soluble HAP compounds; or an annual average concentration greater than or equal to 5,200 ppmw of partially soluble and/or soluble HAP compounds. The annual average concentration shall be determined according to the procedures in [§ 63.1257(e)(1)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-1-ii).
    - (ii) Is a tank that receives one or more streams that contain water with an annual average concentration greater than or equal to 1,300 ppmw of partially soluble HAP compounds, or greater than or equal to 5,200 ppmw of total partially soluble and/or soluble HAP compounds. The owner or operator of the source shall determine the average concentration of the stream at the inlet to the tank and according to the procedures in [§ 63.1257(e)(1)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-1-ii).
- (g) **Control requirements for halogenated vent streams that are controlled by combustion devices.** If a combustion device is used to comply with the provisions of [§§ 63.1253](/cfr/40/63.1253.md) (storage tanks), 63.1254 (process vents), 63.1256(h) (wastewater vent streams) for a halogenated vent stream, then the vent stream shall be ducted to a halogen reduction device such as, but not limited to, a scrubber, before it is discharged to the atmosphere. The halogen reduction device must reduce emissions by the amounts specified in either paragraph [(g)(1)](#g-1) or [(2)](#g-2) of this section.
  - (1) A halogen reduction device after the combustion control device must reduce overall emissions of hydrogen halides and halogens, as defined in [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md), by 95 percent or to a concentration less than or equal to 20 ppmv.
  - (2) A halogen reduction device located before the combustion control device must reduce the halogen atom content of the vent stream to a concentration less than or equal to 20 ppmv.
- (h) **Planned routine maintenance for centralized combustion control devices.** The owner or operator may operate non-dedicated PMPU's during periods of planned routine maintenance for CCCD in accordance with the provisions specified in [paragraphs (h)(1) through (6)](#h-1..h-6) of this section.
  - (1) For equipment leaks and wastewater emissions that normally are controlled by the CCCD, if any, the owner or operator must continue to comply with the requirements in §§ [63.1255(b)(4)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1255.md?p=b-4-ii) and [63.1256(h)](/cfr/40/63.1256.md?p=h), respectively, using other control devices during the planned routine maintenance period for the CCCD.
  - (2) During the planned routine maintenance period, the owner or operator must route emissions from process vents with organic HAP emissions greater than 15 pounds per day (lb/day) through a closed-vent system to a condenser that meets the conditions specified in [paragraphs (h)(2)(i) through (iii)](#h-2-i..h-2-iii) of this section.
    - (i) The outlet gas temperature must be less than −50 °C (−58 °F) when the emission stream contains organic HAP with a partial pressure greater than 20 kPa (2.9 psia).
    - (ii) The outlet gas temperature must be less than −5 °C (23 °F) when the emission stream contains organic HAP with a partial pressure less than or equal to 20 kPa (2.9 psia).
    - (iii) The HAP partial pressures in paragraphs [(h)(2)(i)](#h-2-i) and [(ii)](#h-2-ii) of this section must be determined at 25 °C.
  - (3) The owner or operator must route HCl emissions from process vents with HCl emissions greater than 15 lb/day through a closed-vent system to a caustic scrubber, and the pH of the scrubber effluent must be maintained at or above 9.
  - (4) For the purposes of the emission calculations required in paragraphs [(h)(2)](#h-2) and [(3)](#h-3) of this section, the term “process vent” shall mean each vent from a unit operation. The emission calculation shall not be performed on the aggregated emission stream from multiple unit operations that are manifolded together into a common header. Once an affected process vent has been controlled in accordance with this section, it is no longer subject to the requirements of this section or [§ 63.1254](/cfr/40/63.1254.md) during the routine maintenance period.
  - (5) The total period of planned routine maintenance, during which non-dedicated PMPU's that are normally controlled by the CCCD continue to operate, and process vent emissions are controlled as specified in paragraphs [(h)(2)](#h-2) and [(3)](#h-3) of this section, must not exceed 240 hours in any 365-day period.
  - (6) While being controlled as specified in paragraphs [(h)(2)](#h-2) and [(3)](#h-3) of this section, the process vents may not be used in emissions averaging.

# §63.1253. Standards: Storage tanks.

- (a) Except as provided in paragraphs [(d)](#d), [(e)](#e), and [(f)](#f) of this section, the owner or operator of a storage tank meeting the criteria of [paragraph (a)(1)](#a-1) of this section is subject to the requirements of [paragraph (b)](#b) of this section. Except as provided in paragraphs [(d)](#d), [(e)](#e), and [(f)](#f) of this section, the owner or operator of a storage tank meeting the criteria of [paragraph (a)(2)](#a-2) of this section is subject to the requirements of [paragraph (c)](#c) of this section. Compliance with the provisions of paragraphs [(b)](#b) and [(c)](#c) of this section is demonstrated using the initial compliance procedures in [§ 63.1257(c)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=c) and the monitoring requirements in [§ 63.1258](/cfr/40/63.1258.md).
  - (1) A storage tank with a design capacity greater than or equal to 38 m 3 but less than 75 m 3 storing a liquid for which the maximum true vapor pressure of total HAP is greater than or equal to 13.1 kPa.
  - (2) A storage tank with a design capacity greater than or equal to 75 m 3 storing a liquid for which the maximum true vapor pressure of total HAP is greater than or equal to 13.1 kPa.
- (b) The owner or operator of a storage tank shall equip the affected storage tank with either a fixed roof with internal floating roof, an external floating roof, an external floating roof converted to an internal floating roof, or a closed-vent system meeting the conditions of [§ 63.1252(b)](/cfr/40/63.1252.md?p=b) with a control device that meets any of the following conditions:
  - (1) Reduces inlet emissions of total HAP by 90 percent by weight or greater;
  - (2) Reduces emissions to outlet concentrations less than or equal to 20 ppmv as TOC and less than or equal to 20 ppmv as hydrogen halides and halogens;
  - (3) Is an enclosed combustion device that provides a minimum residence time of 0.5 seconds at a minimum temperature of 760 °C;
  - (4) Is a flare that meets the requirements of [§ 63.11(b)](/cfr/40/63.11.md?p=b); or
  - (5) Is a control device specified in [§ 63.1257(a)(4)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=a-4).
- (c) The owner or operator of a storage tank shall equip the affected storage tank with either a fixed roof with internal floating roof, an external floating roof, an external floating roof converted to an internal floating roof, or a closed-vent system meeting the conditions of [§ 63.1252(b)](/cfr/40/63.1252.md?p=b) with a control device that meets any of the following conditions:
  - (1) **Reduces inlet emissions of total HAP as specified in paragraph (c)(1) (i) or (ii) of this section—**
    - (i) By 95 percent by weight or greater; or (ii) If the owner or operator can demonstrate that a control device installed on a storage tank on or before April 2, 1997 is designed to reduce inlet emissions of total HAP by greater than or equal to 90 percent by weight but less than 95 percent by weight, then the control device is required to be operated to reduce inlet emissions of total HAP by 90 percent or greater.
  - (2) Reduces emissions to outlet concentrations less than or equal to 20 ppmv as TOC and less than or equal to 20 ppmv as hydrogen halides and halogens;
  - (3) Is an enclosed combustion device that provides a minimum residence time of 0.5 seconds at a minimum temperature of 760 °C;
  - (4) Is a flare that meets the requirements of [§ 63.11(b)](/cfr/40/63.11.md?p=b); or
  - (5) Is a control device specified in [§ 63.1257(a)(4)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=a-4).
- (d) As an alternative standard, the owner or operator of an existing or new affected source may comply with the storage tank standards by routing storage tank vents to a combustion control device achieving an outlet TOC concentration, as calibrated on methane or the predominant HAP, of 20 ppmv or less, and an outlet concentration of hydrogen halides and halogens of 20 ppmv or less. If the owner or operator is routing emissions to a noncombustion control device, it must achieve an outlet TOC concentration, as calibrated on methane or the predominant HAP, of 50 ppmv or less, and an outlet concentration of hydrogen halides and halogens of 50 ppmv or less. Compliance with the outlet concentrations shall be determined by the initial compliance procedures of [§ 63.1257(c)(4)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=c-4) and the continuous emission monitoring requirements of [§ 63.1258(b)(5)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=b-5).
- (e) **Planned routine maintenance.** The specifications and requirements in [paragraphs (b) through (d)](#b..d) of this section for control devices do not apply during periods of planned routine maintenance. Periods of planned routine maintenance of the control devices (including CCCD subject to [§ 63.1252(h)](/cfr/40/63.1252.md?p=h)), during which the control device does not meet the specifications of [paragraphs (b) through (d)](#b..d) of this section, as applicable, shall not exceed 240 hours in any 365-day period. The owner or operator may submit an application to the Administrator requesting an extension of this time limit to a total of 360 hours in any 365-day period. The application must explain why the extension is needed, it must specify that no material will be added to the storage tank between the time the 240-hour limit is exceeded and the control device is again operational, and it must be submitted at least 60 days before the 240-hour limit will be exceeded.
- (f) **Vapor balancing alternative.** As an alternative to the requirements in paragraphs [(b)](#b) and [(c)](#c) of this section, the owner or operator of an existing or new affected source may implement vapor balancing in accordance with [paragraphs (f)(1) through (7)](#f-1..f-7) of this section.
  - (1) The vapor balancing system must be designed and operated to route organic HAP vapors displaced from loading of the storage tank to the railcar or tank truck from which the storage tank is filled.
  - (2) Tank trucks and railcars must have a current certification in accordance with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) pressure test requirements of [49 CFR part 180](/cfr/49/part180.md) for tank trucks and [49 CFR 173.31](/cfr/49/173.31.md) for railcars.
  - (3) Hazardous air pollutants must only be unloaded from tank trucks or railcars when vapor collection systems are connected to the storage tank's vapor collection system.
  - (4) No pressure relief device on the storage tank, or on the railcar, or tank truck shall open during loading or as a result of diurnal temperature changes (breathing losses).
  - (5) Pressure relief devices on affected storage tanks must be set to no less than 2.5 psig at all times to prevent breathing losses. The owner or operator shall record the setting as specified in [§ 63.1259(b)(12)](/cfr/40/63.1259.md?p=b-12) and comply with the requirements for each pressure relief valve in [paragraphs (f)(5)(i) through (iii)](#f-5-i..f-5-iii) of this section:
    - (i) The pressure relief valve shall be monitored quarterly using the method described in [§ 63.180(b)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=b).
    - (ii) **An instrument reading of 500 ppmv or greater defines a leak.**
    - (iii) When a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but no later than 5 days after it is detected, and the owner or operator shall comply with the recordkeeping requirements of [§ 63.1255(g)(4)(i) through (iv)](/cfr/40/63.1255.md?p=g-4-i..g-4-iv).
  - (6) Railcars or tank trucks that deliver HAP to an affected storage tank must be reloaded or cleaned at a facility that utilizes one of the control techniques in [paragraph (f)(6)(i) through (ii)](#f-6-i..f-6-ii) of this section:
    - (i) The railcar or tank truck must be connected to a closed-vent system with a control device that reduces inlet emissions of HAP by 90 percent by weight or greater; or
    - (ii) A vapor balancing system designed and operated to collect organic HAP vapor displaced from the tank truck or railcar during reloading must be used to route the collected HAP vapor to the storage tank from which the liquid being transferred originated.
  - (7) The owner or operator of the facility where the railcar or tank truck is reloaded or cleaned must comply with the requirements in [paragraph (f)(7)(i) through (iii)](#f-7-i..f-7-iii) of this section:
    - (i) Submit to the owner or operator of the affected storage tank and to the Administrator a written certification that the reloading or cleaning facility will meet the requirements of this section. The certifying entity may revoke the written certification by sending a written statement to the owner or operator of the affected storage tank giving at least 90 days notice that the certifying entity is rescinding acceptance of responsibility for compliance with the requirements of this paragraph (b)(7).
    - (ii) If complying with [paragraph (f)(6)(i)](#f-6-i) of this section, demonstrate initial compliance in accordance with [§ 63.1257(c)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=c), demonstrate continuous compliance in accordance with [§ 63.1258](/cfr/40/63.1258.md), keep records as specified in [§ 63.1259](/cfr/40/63.1259.md), and prepare reports as specified in [§ 63.1260](/cfr/40/63.1260.md).
    - (iii) If complying with [paragraph (f)(6)(ii)](#f-6-ii) of this section, keep records of:
      - (A) The equipment to be used and the procedures to be followed when reloading the railcar or tank truck and displacing vapors to the storage tank from which the liquid originates, and
      - (B) **Each time the vapor balancing system is used to comply with paragraph (f)(6)(ii) of this section.**

# §63.1254. Standards: Process vents.

- (a) **Existing sources.** For each process, the owner or operator of an existing affected source must comply with the requirements in paragraphs [(a)(1)](#a-1) and [(3)](#a-3) of this section or paragraphs [(a)(2)](#a-2) and [(3)](#a-3) of this section. Initial compliance with the required emission limits or reductions in [paragraphs (a)(1) through (3)](#a-1..a-3) of this section is demonstrated in accordance with the initial compliance procedures described in [§ 63.1257(d)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=d), and continuous compliance is demonstrated in accordance with the monitoring requirements described in [§ 63.1258](/cfr/40/63.1258.md).
  - (1) **Process-based emission reduction requirement.**
    - (i) Uncontrolled HAP emissions from the sum of all process vents within a process that are not subject to the requirements of [paragraph (a)(3)](#a-3) of this section shall be reduced by 93 percent or greater by weight, or as specified in [paragraph (a)(1)(ii)](#a-1-ii) of this section. Notification of changes in the compliance method shall be reported according to the procedures in [§ 63.1260(h)](/cfr/40/63.1260.md?p=h).
    - (ii) Any one or more vents within a process may be controlled in accordance with any of the procedures in [paragraphs (a)(1)(ii)(A) through (D)](#a-1-ii-A..a-1-ii-D) of this section. All other vents within the process must be controlled as specified in [paragraph (a)(1)(i)](#a-1-i) of this section.
      - (A) To outlet concentrations less than or equal to 20 ppmv as TOC and less than or equal to 20 ppmv as hydrogen halides and halogens;
      - (B) By a flare that meets the requirements of [§ 63.11(b)](/cfr/40/63.11.md?p=b);
      - (C) By a control device specified in [§ 63.1257(a)(4)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=a-4); or
      - (D) **In accordance with the alternative standard specified in paragraph (c) of this section.**
  - (2) **Process-based annual mass limit.**
    - (i) Actual HAP emissions from the sum of all process vents within a process must not exceed 900 kilograms (kg) in any 365-day period.
    - (ii) Actual HAP emissions from the sum of all process vents within processes complying with [paragraph (a)(2)(i)](#a-2-i) of this section are limited to a maximum of 1,800 kg in any 365-day period.
    - (iii) Emissions from vents that are subject to the requirements of [paragraph (a)(3)](#a-3) of this section and emissions from vents that are controlled in accordance with the procedures in [paragraph (c)](#c) of this section may be excluded from the sums calculated in paragraphs [(a)(2)(i)](#a-2-i) and [(ii)](#a-2-ii) of this section.
    - (iv) The owner or operator may switch from compliance with [paragraph (a)(2)](#a-2) of this section to compliance with [paragraph (a)(1)](#a-1) of this section only after at least 1 year of operation in compliance with [paragraph (a)(2)](#a-2) of this section. Notification of such a change in the compliance method shall be reported according to the procedures in [§ 63.1260(h)](/cfr/40/63.1260.md?p=h).
  - (3) **Individual vent emission reduction requirements.**
    - (i) Except as provided in [paragraph (a)(3)(ii)](#a-3-ii) of this section, uncontrolled HAP emissions from a process vent must be reduced by 98 percent or in accordance with any of the procedures in [paragraphs (a)(1)(ii)(A) through (D)](#a-1-ii-A..a-1-ii-D) of this section if the uncontrolled HAP emissions from the vent exceed 25 tons per year, and the flow-weighted average flowrate (FRa) calculated using Equation 1 of this subpart is less than or equal to the flowrate index (FRI) calculated using Equation 2 of this subpart.
    - (ii) **Grandfathering provisions.** As an alternative to the requirements in [paragraph (a)(3)(i)](#a-3-i) of this section, the owner or operator may comply with the provisions in paragraph [(a)(3)(ii)(A)](#a-3-ii-A), [(B)](#a-3-ii-B), or [(C)](#a-3-ii-C) of this section, if applicable.
      - (A) **Control device operation.** If the owner or operator can demonstrate that a process vent is controlled by a control device meeting the criteria specified in paragraph (a)(3)(ii)(A)(1) of this section, then the control device is required to be operated according to paragraphs (a)(3)(ii)(A)(2), (3), and (4) of this section:

        (1) The control device was installed on any process vent that met the conditions of [paragraph (a)(3)(i)](#a-3-i) of this section on or before April 2, 1997, and was operated to reduce uncontrolled emissions of total HAP by greater than or equal to 93 percent by weight, but less than 98 percent by weight;

        (2) The device must be operated to reduce inlet emissions of total HAP by 93 percent or by the percent reduction specified for that control device in any preconstruction permit issued pursuant to regulations approved or promulgated through rulemaking under title I (including parts C or D) of the Clean Air Act, whichever is greater;

        (3) The device must be replaced or upgraded to achieve at least 98 percent reduction of HAP or meet any of the conditions specified in [paragraphs (a)(1)(ii)(A) through (D)](#a-1-ii-A..a-1-ii-D) of this section upon reconstruction or replacement.

        (4) The device must be replaced or upgraded to achieve at least 98 percent reduction of HAP or meet any of the conditions specified in [paragraphs (a)(1)(ii)(A) through (D)](#a-1-ii-A..a-1-ii-D) of this section by April 2, 2007, or 15 years after issuance of the preconstruction permit, whichever is later.

      - (B) **Process operations.** If a process meets all of the conditions specified in [paragraphs (a)(3)(ii)(B)(1) through (3)](#a-3-ii-B-1..a-3-ii-B-3) of this section, the required level of control for the process is the level that was achieved on or before April 2, 1997. This level of control is demonstrated using the same procedures that are used to demonstrate compliance with [paragraph (a)(1)](#a-1) of this section.

        (1) At least one vent in the process met the conditions of [paragraph (a)(3)(i)](#a-3-i) of this section on or before April 2, 1997; and

        (2) The overall control for the process on or before April 2, 1997 was greater than or equal to 93 percent by weight, but less than 98 percent by weight; and

        (3) The production-indexed HAP consumption factor for the 12-month period in which the process was operated prior to the compliance date is less than one-half of the 3-year average baseline value established no earlier than the 1987 through 1989 calendar years.

      - (C) **Hydrogenation vents.** Processes meeting the conditions of [paragraphs (a)(3)(ii)(C)(1) through (3)](#a-3-ii-C-1..a-3-ii-C-3) of this section are required to be operated to maintain the level of control achieved on or before April 2, 1997. For all other processes meeting the conditions of paragraph (a)(3)(ii)(C)(3) of this section, uncontrolled HAP emissions from the sum of all process vents within the process must be reduced by 95 percent or greater by weight.

        (1) Processes containing a process vent that met the conditions of [paragraph (a)(3)(i)](#a-3-i) of this section on or before April 2, 1997; and

        (2) Processes that are controlled to greater than or equal to 93 percent by weight, but less than 98 percent by weight; and

        (3) Processes with a hydrogenation vent that, in conjunction with all other process vents from the process that do not meet the conditions of [paragraph (a)(3)(i)](#a-3-i) of this section, cannot meet the requirements of paragraph [(a)(1)](#a-1) or [(2)](#a-2) of this section.

  - (4) **Planned routine maintenance.** For each PMPU that is controlled with a CCCD, the owner or operator must comply with the provisions specified in either paragraph [(a)(4)(i)](#a-4-i), [(ii)](#a-4-ii), or [(iii)](#a-4-iii) of this section during periods of planned routine maintenance of the CCCD. The owner or operator is not required to comply with the same provision for all of the PMPU's controlled by the CCCD.
    - (i) **Shutdown the affected process.**
    - (ii) **Comply with the requirements of paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section by using other means.**
    - (iii) For a non-dedicated PMPU, implement the procedures described in [paragraphs (a)(4)(iii)(A) through (C)](#a-4-iii-A..a-4-iii-C) of this section for those process vents that are normally controlled by the CCCD. This option is not available for process vents from dedicated PMPU's.
      - (A) If the owner or operator uses a CCCD to comply with the 93 percent reduction requirement in paragraph [(a)(1)(i)](#a-1-i) or [(ii)](#a-1-ii) of this section, the outlet concentration limit in [paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(A)](#a-1-ii-A) of this section, the alternative standard as specified in paragraphs [(a)(1)(ii)(D)](#a-1-ii-D) and (c) of this section, or the annual mass limit in [paragraph (a)(2)](#a-2) of this section, implement the provisions in [§ 63.1252(h)](/cfr/40/63.1252.md?p=h) during planned routine maintenance of the CCCD.
      - (B) If the owner or operator reduces HAP emissions from process vents by using a CCCD that is also a control device specified in [§ 63.1257(a)(4)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=a-4), implement the provisions in [§ 63.1252(h)](/cfr/40/63.1252.md?p=h) during planned routine maintenance of the CCCD.
      - (C) If the owner or operator uses a CCCD to reduce emissions from a process vent subject to [paragraph (a)(3)](#a-3) of this section, implement the planned routine maintenance provisions in [§ 63.1252(h)](/cfr/40/63.1252.md?p=h) for that vent only if the reason the planned routine maintenance is needed, and the reason it cannot be performed at a time when the vent subject to [paragraph (a)(3)](#a-3) of this section is not operating, has been described in the Notification of Compliance Status Report or a periodic report submitted before the planned routine maintenance event.
- (b) **New sources.**
  - (1) Except as provided in [paragraph (b)(2)](#b-2) of this section, uncontrolled HAP emissions from the sum of all process vents within a process at a new affected source shall be reduced by 98 percent or greater by weight or controlled in accordance with any of requirements of [paragraphs (a)(1)(ii)(A) through (D)](#a-1-ii-A..a-1-ii-D) of this section. Initial compliance with the required emission limit or reduction is demonstrated in accordance with the initial compliance procedures in [§ 63.1257(d)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=d), and continuous compliance is demonstrated in accordance with the monitoring requirements described in [§ 63.1258](/cfr/40/63.1258.md).
  - (2) **Annual mass limit.** The actual HAP emissions from the sum of all process vents for which the owner or operator is not complying with [paragraph (b)(1)](#b-1) of this section are limited to 900 kg in any 365-day period.
- (c) **Alternative standard.** As an alternative standard, the owner or operator of an existing or new affected source may comply with the process vent standards by routing vents from a process to a combustion control device achieving an outlet TOC concentration, as calibrated on methane or the predominant HAP, of 20 ppmv or less, and an outlet concentration of hydrogen halides and halogens of 20 ppmv or less. If the owner or operator is routing emissions to a noncombustion control device, it must achieve an outlet TOC concentration, as calibrated on methane or the predominant HAP, of 50 ppmv or less, and an outlet concentration of hydrogen halides and halogens of 50 ppmv or less. Any process vents within a process that are not routed to this control device must be controlled in accordance with the provisions of paragraph [(a)](#a) or [(b)](#b) of this section, as applicable. Initial compliance with the outlet concentrations is demonstrated in accordance with the initial compliance procedures described in [§ 63.1257(d)(1)(iv)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=d-1-iv), and continuous compliance is demonstrated in accordance with the emission monitoring requirements described in [§ 63.1258(b)(5)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=b-5).

# §63.1255. Standards: Equipment leaks.

- (a) **General equipment leak requirements.**
  - (1) The provisions of this section apply to pumps, compressors, agitators, pressure relief devices, sampling connection systems, open-ended valves or lines, valves, connectors, instrumentation systems, control devices, and closed-vent systems required by this section that are intended to operate in organic hazardous air pollutant service 300 hours or more during the calendar year within a source subject to the provisions of this subpart.
  - (2) **Consistency with other regulations.** After the compliance date for a process, equipment subject to both this section and either of the following will be required to comply only with the provisions of this subpart:
    - (i) [40 CFR part 60](/cfr/40/part60.md).
    - (ii) [40 CFR part 61](/cfr/40/part61.md).
  - (3) [Reserved]
  - (4) The provisions in [§ 63.1(a)(3)](/cfr/40/63.1.md?p=a-3) of [subpart A](/cfr/40/subpartA.md) of this part do not alter the provisions in [paragraph (a)(2)](#a-2) of this section.
  - (5) **Lines and equipment not containing process fluids are not subject to the provisions of this section.** Utilities, and other nonprocess lines, such as heating and cooling systems which do not combine their materials with those in the processes they serve, are not considered to be part of a process.
  - (6) The provisions of this section do not apply to bench-scale processes, regardless of whether the processes are located at the same plant site as a process subject to the provisions of this subpart.
  - (7) Equipment to which this section applies shall be identified such that it can be distinguished readily from equipment that is not subject to this section. Identification of the equipment does not require physical tagging of the equipment. For example, the equipment may be identified on a plant site plan, in log entries, or by designation of process boundaries by some form of weatherproof identification. If changes are made to the affected source subject to the leak detection requirements, equipment identification for each type of component shall be updated, if needed, within 90 calendar days or by the next Periodic Report following the end of the monitoring period for that component, whichever is later.
  - (8) **Equipment that is in vacuum service is excluded from the requirements of this section.**
  - (9) Equipment that is in organic HAP service, but is in such service less than 300 hours per calendar year, is excluded from the requirements of this section if it is identified as required in [paragraph (g)(9)](#g-9) of this section.
  - (10) When each leak is detected by visual, audible, or olfactory means, or by monitoring as described in § [63.180(b)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=b) or [(c)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=c), the following requirements apply:
    - (i) A weatherproof and readily visible identification, marked with the equipment identification number, shall be attached to the leaking equipment.
    - (ii) The identification on a valve in light liquid or gas/vapor service may be removed after it has been monitored as specified in [paragraph (e)(7)(iii)](#e-7-iii) of this section, and no leak has been detected during the follow-up monitoring.
    - (iii) The identification on equipment, except on a valve in light liquid or gas/vapor service, may be removed after it has been repaired.
  - (11) Except as provided in [paragraph (a)(11)(i)](#a-11-i) of this section, all terms in this subpart that define a period of time for completion of required tasks (e.g., weekly, monthly, quarterly, annual) refer to the standard calendar periods unless specified otherwise in the section or paragraph that imposes the requirement.
    - (i) If the initial compliance date does not coincide with the beginning of the standard calendar period, an owner or operator may elect to utilize a period beginning on the compliance date, or may elect to comply in accordance with the provisions of paragraph [(a)(11)(ii)](#a-11-ii) or [(iii)](#a-11-iii) of this section.
    - (ii) Time periods specified in this subpart for completion of required tasks may be changed by mutual agreement between the owner or operator and the Administrator, as specified in subpart A of this part. For each time period that is changed by agreement, the revised period shall remain in effect until it is changed. A new request is not necessary for each recurring period.
    - (iii) Except as provided in paragraph [(a)(11)(i)](#a-11-i) or [(ii)](#a-11-ii) of this section, where the period specified for compliance is a standard calendar period, if the initial compliance date does not coincide with the beginning of the calendar period, compliance shall be required according to the schedule specified in paragraph [(a)(11)(iii)(A)](#a-11-iii-A) or [(B)](#a-11-iii-B) of this section, as appropriate.
      - (A) Compliance shall be required before the end of the standard calendar period within which the initial compliance date occurs if there remain at least 3 days for tasks that must be performed weekly, at least 2 weeks for tasks that must be performed monthly, at least 1 month for tasks that must be performed each quarter, or at least 3 months for tasks that must be performed annually; or
      - (B) In all other cases, compliance shall be required before the end of the first full standard calendar period after the period within which the initial compliance date occurs.
    - (iv) In all instances where a provision of this subpart requires completion of a task during each of multiple successive periods, an owner or operator may perform the required task at any time during each period, provided the task is conducted at a reasonable interval after completion of the task during the previous period.
  - (12) In all cases where the provisions of this subpart require an owner or operator to repair leaks by a specified time after the leak is detected, it is a violation of this section to fail to take action to repair the leaks within the specified time. If action is taken to repair the leaks within the specified time, failure of that action to successfully repair the leak is not a violation of this section. However, if the repairs are unsuccessful, a leak is detected and the owner or operator shall take further action as required by applicable provisions of this section.
- (b) **References.**
  - (1) The owner or operator of a source subject to this section shall comply with the provisions of [subpart H](/cfr/40/subpartH.md) of this part, as specified in [paragraphs (b)(2) through (4)](#b-2..b-4) of this section. The term “process unit” as used in [subpart H](/cfr/40/subpartH.md) of this part shall be considered to be defined the same as “group of processes” for sources subject to this subpart GGG. The term “fuel gas system,” as used in [subpart H](/cfr/40/subpartH.md) of this part, shall not apply for the purposes of this subpart GGG.
  - (2) Sections [63.160](/cfr/40/63.160.md), [63.161](/cfr/40/63.161.md), [63.162](/cfr/40/63.162.md), [63.163](/cfr/40/63.163.md), [63.167](/cfr/40/63.167.md), [63.168](/cfr/40/63.168.md), [63.170](/cfr/40/63.170.md), [63.173](/cfr/40/63.173.md), [63.175](/cfr/40/63.175.md), [63.176](/cfr/40/63.176.md), [63.181](/cfr/40/63.181.md), and [63.182](/cfr/40/63.182.md) shall not apply for the purposes of this subpart GGG. The owner or operator shall comply with the provisions specified in [paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (viii)](#b-2-i..b-2-viii) of this section.
    - (i) Sections [63.160](/cfr/40/63.160.md) and [63.162](/cfr/40/63.162.md) shall not apply; instead, the owner or operator shall comply with [paragraph (a)](#a) of this section;
    - (ii) [Section 63.161](/cfr/40/63.161.md) shall not apply; instead, the owner or operator shall comply with [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md);
    - (iii) Sections [63.163](/cfr/40/63.163.md) and [63.173](/cfr/40/63.173.md) shall not apply; instead, the owner or operator shall comply with [paragraph (c)](#c) of this section;
    - (iv) [Section 63.167](/cfr/40/63.167.md) shall not apply; instead, the owner or operator shall comply with [paragraph (d)](#d) of this section;
    - (v) [Section 63.168](/cfr/40/63.168.md) shall not apply; instead, the owner or operator shall comply with [paragraph (e)](#e) of this section;
    - (vi) [Section 63.170](/cfr/40/63.170.md) shall not apply; instead, the owner or operator shall comply with [§ 63.1254](/cfr/40/63.1254.md);
    - (vii) [Section 63.181](/cfr/40/63.181.md) shall not apply; instead, the owner or operator shall comply with [paragraph (g)](#g) of this section; and
    - (viii) [Section 63.182](/cfr/40/63.182.md) shall not apply; instead, the owner or operator shall comply with [paragraph (h)](#h) of this section.
  - (3) The owner or operator shall comply with §§ [63.164](/cfr/40/63.164.md), [63.165](/cfr/40/63.165.md), [63.166](/cfr/40/63.166.md), [63.169](/cfr/40/63.169.md), [63.177](/cfr/40/63.177.md), and [63.179](/cfr/40/63.179.md) in their entirety, except that when these sections reference other sections of [subpart H](/cfr/40/subpartH.md) of this part, the references shall mean the sections specified in paragraphs [(b)(2)](#b-2) and [(4)](#b-4) of this section. [Section 63.164](/cfr/40/63.164.md) applies to compressors. [Section 63.165](/cfr/40/63.165.md) applies to pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service. [Section 63.166](/cfr/40/63.166.md) applies to sampling connection systems. [Section 63.169](/cfr/40/63.169.md) applies to pumps, valves, connectors, and agitators in heavy liquid service; instrumentation systems; and pressure relief devices in liquid service. [Section 63.177](/cfr/40/63.177.md) applies to general alternative means of emission limitation. [Section 63.179](/cfr/40/63.179.md) applies to alternative means of emission limitation for enclosed-vented process units.
  - (4) The owner or operator shall comply with §§ [63.171](/cfr/40/63.171.md), [63.172](/cfr/40/63.172.md), [63.174](/cfr/40/63.174.md), [63.178](/cfr/40/63.178.md), and [63.180](/cfr/40/63.180.md), except as specified in [paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (vi)](#b-4-i..b-4-vi) of this section.
    - (i) [Section 63.171](/cfr/40/63.171.md) shall apply, except [§ 63.171(a)](/cfr/40/63.171.md?p=a) shall not apply. Instead, delay of repair of equipment for which leaks have been detected is allowed if one of the conditions in [paragraphs (b)(4)(i)(A) through (B)](#b-4-i-A..b-4-i-B) exists:
      - (A) **The repair is technically infeasible without a process shutdown.** Repair of this equipment shall occur by the end of the next scheduled process shutdown.
      - (B) The owner or operator determines that repair personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger if attempting to repair without a process shutdown. Repair of this equipment shall occur by the end of the next scheduled process shutdown.
    - (ii) [Section 63.172](/cfr/40/63.172.md) shall apply for closed-vent systems used to comply with this section, and for control devices used to comply with this section only, except:
      - (A) Section [63.172(k)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=k) and [(l)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=l) shall not apply. The owner or operator shall instead comply with [paragraph (f)](#f) of this section.
      - (B) Owners or operators may, instead of complying with the provisions of [§ 63.172(f)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=f), design a closed-vent system to operate at a pressure below atmospheric pressure. The system shall be equipped with at least one pressure gage or other pressure measurement device that can be read from a readily accessible location to verify that negative pressure is being maintained in the closed-vent system when the associated control device is operating.
      - (C) The requirements apply at all times, except as specified in [§ 63.1250(g)](/cfr/40/63.1250.md?p=g). The owner or operator may not comply with the planned routine maintenance provisions in [§ 63.1252(h)](/cfr/40/63.1252.md?p=h).
    - (iii) [Section 63.174](/cfr/40/63.174.md) shall apply except:
      - (A) Section [63.174(f)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=f), [(g)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=g), and [(h)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=h) shall not apply. Instead of § [63.174(f)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=f), [(g)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=g), and [(h)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=h), the owner or operator shall comply with [paragraph (f)](#f) of this section. [Section 63.174(b)(3)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=b-3) shall not apply. Instead of [§ 63.174(b)(3)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=b-3), the owner or operator shall comply with [paragraphs (b)(4)(iii)(B) through (F)](#b-4-iii-B..b-4-iii-F) of this section.
      - (B) If the percent leaking connectors in a group of processes was greater than or equal to 0.5 percent during the initial monitoring period, monitoring shall be performed once per year until the percent leaking connectors is less than 0.5 percent.
      - (C) If the percent leaking connectors in the group of processes was less than 0.5 percent, but equal to or greater than 0.25 percent, during the initial or last required monitoring period, the owner or operator may elect to monitor once every 4 years. An owner or operator may comply with the requirements of this paragraph by monitoring at least 40 percent of the connectors in the first 2 years and the remainder of the connectors within the next 2 years. The percent leaking connectors will be calculated for the total of all required monitoring performed during the 4-year period.
      - (D) Except as provided in [paragraph (b)(4)(iii)(B)](#b-4-iii-B) of this section, if leaking connectors comprise at least 0.5 percent but less than 1.0 percent of the connectors during the last monitoring period, the owner or operator shall monitor at least once every 2 years for the next monitoring period. At the end of that 2-year monitoring period, if the percent leaking connectors is greater than or equal to 0.5 percent, the owner or operator shall monitor once per year until the percent leaking connectors is less than 0.5 percent. If, at the end of a monitoring period, the percent leaking connectors is less than 0.5 percent, the owner or operator shall monitor in accordance with paragraph [(b)(4)(iii)(C)](#b-4-iii-C) or [(F)](#b-4-iii-F) of this section, as appropriate.
      - (E) If an owner or operator determines that 1 percent or greater of the connectors in a group of processes are leaking, the owner or operator shall monitor the connectors once per year. The owner or operator may elect to use the provisions of paragraph [(b)(4)(iii)(C)](#b-4-iii-C), [(D)](#b-4-iii-D), or [(F)](#b-4-iii-F) of this section, as appropriate, after a monitoring period in which less than 1 percent of the connectors are determined to be leaking.
      - (F) The owner or operator may elect to perform monitoring once every 8 years if the percent leaking connectors in the group of processes was less than 0.25 percent during the initial or last required monitoring period. An owner or operator shall monitor at least 50 percent of the connectors in the first 4 years and the remainder of the connectors within the next 4 years. If the percent leaking connectors in the first 4 years is equal to or greater than 0.35 percent, the monitoring program shall revert at that time to the appropriate monitoring frequency specified in paragraph [(b)(4)(iii)(C)](#b-4-iii-C), [(D)](#b-4-iii-D), or [(E)](#b-4-iii-E) of this section.
    - (iv) [Section 63.178](/cfr/40/63.178.md) shall apply except:
      - (A) [Section 63.178(b)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=b), requirements for pressure testing, may be applied to all processes (not just batch processes) and to supply lines between storage and processing areas.
      - (B) For pumps, the phrase “at the frequencies specified in Table 1 of this subpart” in [§ 63.178(c)(3)(iii)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=c-3-iii) shall mean “quarterly” for the purposes of this subpart.
    - (v) [Section 63.180](/cfr/40/63.180.md) shall apply except [§ 63.180(b)(4)(ii)(A) through (C)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=b-4-ii-A..b-4-ii-C) shall not apply. Instead, calibration gases shall be a mixture of methane and air at a concentration of approximately, but less than, 10,000 parts per million methane for agitators; 2,000 parts per million for pumps; and 500 parts per million for all other equipment, except as provided in [§ 63.180(b)(4)(iii)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=b-4-iii).
    - (vi) When §§ [63.171](/cfr/40/63.171.md), [63.172](/cfr/40/63.172.md), [63.174](/cfr/40/63.174.md), [63.178](/cfr/40/63.178.md), and [63.180](/cfr/40/63.180.md) reference other sections in [subpart H](/cfr/40/subpartH.md) of this part, the references shall mean those sections specified in paragraphs [(b)(2)](#b-2) and [(b)(4)(i) through (v)](#b-4-i..b-4-v) of this section, as applicable.
- (c) **Standards for pumps in light liquid service and agitators in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service.**
  - (1) The provisions of this section apply to each pump that is in light organic HAP liquid service, and to each agitator in organic HAP gas/vapor service or in light organic HAP liquid service.
  - (2)
    - (i) **Monitoring.** Each pump and agitator subject to this section shall be monitored quarterly to detect leaks by the method specified in [§ 63.180(b)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=b) except as provided in §§ [63.177](/cfr/40/63.177.md), [63.178](/cfr/40/63.178.md), [paragraph (f)](#f) of this section, and [paragraphs (c)(5) through (9)](#c-5..c-9) of this section.
    - (ii) **Leak definition.** The instrument reading, as determined by the method as specified in [§ 63.180(b)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=b), that defines a leak is:
      - (A) **For agitators, an instrument reading of 10,000 parts per million or greater.**
      - (B) **For pumps, an instrument reading of 2,000 parts per million or greater.**
    - (iii) **Visual Inspections.** Each pump and agitator shall be checked by visual inspection each calendar week for indications of liquids dripping from the pump or agitator seal. If there are indications of liquids dripping from the pump or agitator seal at the time of the weekly inspection, the owner or operator shall follow the procedure specified in either paragraph [(c)(2)(iii)(A)](#c-2-iii-A) or [(B)](#c-2-iii-B) of this section prior to the next weekly inspection.
      - (A) The owner or operator shall monitor the pump or agitator by the method specified in [§ 63.180(b)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=b). If the instrument reading indicates a leak as specified in [paragraph (c)(2)(ii)](#c-2-ii) of this section, a leak is detected.
      - (B) The owner or operator shall eliminate the visual indications of liquids dripping.
  - (3) **Repair provisions.**
    - (i) When a leak is detected pursuant to paragraph [(c)(2)(i)](#c-2-i), [(c)(2)(iii)(A)](#c-2-iii-A), [(c)(5)(iv)(A)](#c-5-iv-A), or [(c)(5)(vi)(B)](#c-5-vi-B) of this section, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but not later than 15 calendar days after it is detected, except as provided in [paragraph (b)(4)(i)](#b-4-i) of this section.
    - (ii) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected. First attempts at repair include, but are not limited to, the following practices where practicable:
      - (A) **Tightening of packing gland nuts.**
      - (B) **Ensuring that the seal flush is operating at design pressure and temperature.**
  - (4) **Calculation of percent leakers.**
    - (i) The owner or operator shall decide no later than the end of the first monitoring period what groups of processes will be developed. Once the owner or operator has decided, all subsequent percent calculations shall be made on the same basis.
    - (ii) If, calculated on a 1-year rolling average, the greater of either 10 percent or three of the pumps in a group of processes leak, the owner or operator shall monitor each pump once per month, until the calculated 1-year rolling average value drops below 10 percent or three pumps, as applicable.
    - (iii) The number of pumps in a group of processes shall be the sum of all the pumps in organic HAP service, except that pumps found leaking in a continuous process within 1 quarter after startup of the pump shall not count in the percent leaking pumps calculation for that one monitoring period only.
    - (iv) Percent leaking pumps shall be determined by the following Equation 3:
  - (5) **Exemptions.** Each pump or agitator equipped with a dual mechanical seal system that includes a barrier fluid system is exempt from the requirements of [paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4)(iii)](#c-1..c-4-iii) of this section, provided the following requirements are met:
    - (i) **Each dual mechanical seal system is—**
      - (A) Operated with the barrier fluid at a pressure that is at all times greater than the pump/agitator stuffing box pressure; or
      - (B) Equipped with a barrier fluid degassing reservoir that is connected by a closed-vent system to a control device that complies with the requirements of [paragraph (b)(4)(ii)](#b-4-ii) of this section; or
      - (C) **Equipped with a closed-loop system that purges the barrier fluid into a process stream.**
    - (ii) **The barrier fluid is not in light liquid service.**
    - (iii) Each barrier fluid system is equipped with a sensor that will detect failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.
    - (iv) Each pump/agitator is checked by visual inspection each calendar week for indications of liquids dripping from the pump/agitator seal. If there are indications of liquids dripping from the pump or agitator seal at the time of the weekly inspection, the owner or operator shall follow the procedures specified in either paragraph [(c)(5)(iv)(A)](#c-5-iv-A) or [(B)](#c-5-iv-B) of this section prior to the next required inspection.
      - (A) The owner or operator shall monitor the pump or agitator using the method specified in [§ 63.180(b)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=b) to determine if there is a leak of organic HAP in the barrier fluid. If the instrument reading indicates a leak, as specified in [paragraph (c)(2)(ii)](#c-2-ii) of this section, a leak is detected.
      - (B) The owner or operator shall eliminate the visual indications of liquids dripping.
    - (v) Each sensor as described in [paragraph (c)(5)(iii)](#c-5-iii) of this section is observed daily or is equipped with an alarm unless the pump is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site.
    - (vi)
      - (A) The owner or operator determines, based on design considerations and operating experience, criteria applicable to the presence and frequency of drips and to the sensor that indicate failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.
      - (B) If indications of liquids dripping from the pump/agitator seal exceed the criteria established in [paragraph (c)(5)(vi)(A)](#c-5-vi-A) of this section, or if, based on the criteria established in [paragraph (c)(5)(vi)(A)](#c-5-vi-A) of this section, the sensor indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both, a leak is detected.
    - (vii) When a leak is detected pursuant to paragraph [(c)(5)(iv)(A)](#c-5-iv-A) or [(B)](#c-5-iv-B) of this section, the leak must be repaired as specified in [paragraph (c)(3)](#c-3) of this section.
  - (6) Any pump/agitator that is designed with no externally actuated shaft penetrating the pump/agitator housing is exempt from the requirements of [paragraphs (c)(1) through (3)](#c-1..c-3) of this section.
  - (7) Any pump/agitator equipped with a closed-vent system capable of capturing and transporting any leakage from the seal or seals back to the process or to a control device that complies with the requirements of [paragraph (b)(4)(ii)](#b-4-ii) of this section is exempt from the requirements of [paragraphs (c)(2) through (5)](#c-2..c-5) of this section.
  - (8) Any pump/agitator that is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site is exempt from the weekly visual inspection requirement of paragraphs [(c)(2)(iii)](#c-2-iii) and [(c)(5)(iv)](#c-5-iv) of this section, and the daily requirements of [paragraph (c)(5)(v)](#c-5-v) of this section, provided that each pump/agitator is visually inspected as often as practicable and at least monthly.
  - (9) If more than 90 percent of the pumps in a group of processes meet the criteria in either paragraph [(c)(5)](#c-5) or [(6)](#c-6) of this section, the group of processes is exempt from the requirements of [paragraph (c)(4)](#c-4) of this section.
- (d) **Standards: Open-ended valves or lines.**
  - (1)
    - (i) Each open-ended valve or line shall be equipped with a cap, blind flange, plug, or a second valve, except as provided in [§ 63.177](/cfr/40/63.177.md) and [paragraphs (d)(4) through (6)](#d-4..d-6) of this section.
    - (ii) The cap, blind flange, plug, or second valve shall seal the open end at all times except during operations requiring process fluid flow through the open-ended valve or line, or during maintenance or repair. The cap, blind flange, plug, or second valve shall be in place within 1 hour of cessation of operations requiring process fluid flow through the open-ended valve or line, or within 1 hour of cessation of maintenance or repair. The owner or operator is not required to keep a record documenting compliance with the 1-hour requirement.
  - (2) Each open-ended valve or line equipped with a second valve shall be operated in a manner such that the valve on the process fluid end is closed before the second valve is closed.
  - (3) When a double block and bleed system is being used, the bleed valve or line may remain open during operations that require venting the line between the block valves but shall comply with [paragraph (d)(1)](#d-1) of this section at all other times.
  - (4) Open-ended valves or lines in an emergency shutdown system which are designed to open automatically in the event of a process upset are exempt from the requirements of [paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3)](#d-1..d-3) of this section.
  - (5) Open-ended valves or lines containing materials which would autocatalytically polymerize are exempt from the requirements of [paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3)](#d-1..d-3) of this section.
  - (6) Open-ended valves or lines containing materials which could cause an explosion, serious overpressure, or other safety hazard if capped or equipped with a double block and bleed system as specified in [paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3)](#d-1..d-3) of this section are exempt from the requirements of [paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3)](#d-1..d-3) of this section.
- (e) **Standards: Valves in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service.**
  - (1) The provisions of this section apply to valves that are either in gas organic HAP service or in light liquid organic HAP service.
  - (2) For existing and new affected sources, all valves subject to this section shall be monitored, except as provided in [paragraph (f)](#f) of this section and in [§ 63.177](/cfr/40/63.177.md), by no later than 1 year after the compliance date.
  - (3) **Monitoring.** The owner or operator of a source subject to this section shall monitor all valves, except as provided in [paragraph (f)](#f) of this section and in [§ 63.177](/cfr/40/63.177.md), at the intervals specified in [paragraph (e)(4)](#e-4) of this section and shall comply with all other provisions of this section, except as provided in [paragraph (b)(4)(i)](#b-4-i) of this section, §§ [63.178](/cfr/40/63.178.md) and [63.179](/cfr/40/63.179.md).
    - (i) The valves shall be monitored to detect leaks by the method specified in [§ 63.180(b)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=b).
    - (ii) **An instrument reading of 500 parts per million or greater defines a leak.**
  - (4) **Subsequent monitoring frequencies.** After conducting the initial survey required in [paragraph (e)(2)](#e-2) of this section, the owner or operator shall monitor valves for leaks at the intervals specified below:
    - (i) For a group of processes with 2 percent or greater leaking valves, calculated according to [paragraph (e)(6)](#e-6) of this section, the owner or operator shall monitor each valve once per month, except as specified in [paragraph (e)(9)](#e-9) of this section.
    - (ii) For a group of processes with less than 2 percent leaking valves, the owner or operator shall monitor each valve once each quarter, except as provided in [paragraphs (e)(4)(iii) through (e)(4)(v)](#e-4-iii..e-4-v) of this section.
    - (iii) For a group of processes with less than 1 percent leaking valves, the owner or operator may elect to monitor each valve once every 2 quarters.
    - (iv) For a group of processes with less than 0.5 percent leaking valves, the owner or operator may elect to monitor each valve once every 4 quarters.
    - (v) For a group of processes with less than 0.25 percent leaking valves, the owner or operator may elect to monitor each valve once every 2 years.
  - (5) **Calculation of percent leakers.** For a group of processes to which this subpart applies, an owner or operator may choose to subdivide the valves in the applicable group of processes and apply the provisions of [paragraph (e)(4)](#e-4) of this section to each subgroup. If the owner or operator elects to subdivide the valves in the applicable group of processes, then the provisions of [paragraphs (e)(5)(i) through (e)(5)(viii)](#e-5-i..e-5-viii) of this section apply.
    - (i) The overall performance of total valves in the applicable group of processes must be less than 2 percent leaking valves, as detected according to [paragraphs (e)(3)](#e-3) (i) and (ii) of this section and as calculated according to [paragraphs (e)(6)](#e-6) (ii) and (iii) of this section.
    - (ii) The initial assignment or subsequent reassignment of valves to subgroups shall be governed by the provisions of [paragraphs (e)(5)(ii)](#e-5-ii) (A) through (C) of this section.
      - (A) The owner or operator shall determine which valves are assigned to each subgroup. Valves with less than 1 year of monitoring data or valves not monitored within the last 12 months must be placed initially into the most frequently monitored subgroup until at least 1 year of monitoring data has been obtained.
      - (B) Any valve or group of valves can be reassigned from a less frequently monitored subgroup to a more frequently monitored subgroup provided that the valves to be reassigned were monitored during the most recent monitoring period for the less frequently monitored subgroup. The monitoring results must be included with the less frequently monitored subgroup's monitoring event and associated next percent leaking valves calculation for that group.
      - (C) Any valve or group of valves can be reassigned from a more frequently monitored subgroup to a less frequently monitored subgroup provided that the valves to be reassigned have not leaked for the period of the less frequently monitored subgroup (e.g., for the last 12 months, if the valve or group of valves is to be reassigned to a subgroup being monitored annually). Nonrepairable valves may not be reassigned to a less frequently monitored subgroup.
    - (iii) The owner or operator shall determine every 6 months if the overall performance of total valves in the applicable group of processes is less than 2 percent leaking valves and so indicate the performance in the next periodic report. If the overall performance of total valves in the applicable group of processes is 2 percent leaking valves or greater, the owner or operator shall revert to the program required in [paragraphs (e)(2) through (e)(4)](#e-2..e-4) of this section. The overall performance of total valves in the applicable group of processes shall be calculated as a weighted average of the percent leaking valves of each subgroup according to the following Equation 4:
    - (iv) **Records.** In addition to records required by [paragraph (g)](#g) of this section, the owner or operator shall maintain records specified in [paragraphs (e)(5)(iv)(A) through (D)](#e-5-iv-A..e-5-iv-D) of this section.
      - (A) Which valves are assigned to each subgroup,
      - (B) Monitoring results and calculations made for each subgroup for each monitoring period,
      - (C) Which valves are reassigned and when they were reassigned, and
      - (D) The results of the semiannual overall performance calculation required in [paragraph (e)(5)(iii)](#e-5-iii) of this section.
    - (v) The owner or operator shall notify the Administrator no later than 30 days prior to the beginning of the next monitoring period of the decision to subgroup valves. The notification shall identify the participating processes and the valves assigned to each subgroup.
    - (vi) **Semiannual reports.** In addition to the information required by [paragraph (h)(3)](#h-3) of this section, the owner or operator shall submit in the periodic reports the information specified in paragraphs [(e)(5)(vi)(A)](#e-5-vi-A) and [(B)](#e-5-vi-B) of this section.
      - (A) Valve reassignments occurring during the reporting period, and
      - (B) Results of the semiannual overall performance calculation required by [paragraph (e)(5)(iii)](#e-5-iii) of this section.
    - (vii) To determine the monitoring frequency for each subgroup, the calculation procedures of [paragraph (e)(6)(iii)](#e-6-iii) of this section shall be used.
    - (viii) Except for the overall performance calculations required by paragraphs [(e)(5)(i)](#e-5-i) and [(e)(5)(iii)](#e-5-iii) of this section, each subgroup shall be treated as if it were a process for the purposes of applying the provisions of this section.
  - (6)
    - (i) The owner or operator shall decide no later than the implementation date of this subpart or upon revision of an operating permit how to group the processes. Once the owner or operator has decided, all subsequent percentage calculations shall be made on the same basis.
    - (ii) Percent leaking valves for each group of processes or subgroup shall be determined by the following Equation 5:
    - (iii) When determining monitoring frequency for each group of processes or subgroup subject to monthly, quarterly, or semiannual monitoring frequencies, the percent leaking valves shall be the arithmetic average of the percent leaking valves from the last two monitoring periods. When determining monitoring frequency for each group of processes or subgroup subject to annual or biennial (once every 2 years) monitoring frequencies, the percent leaking valves shall be the arithmetic average of the percent leaking valves from the last three monitoring periods.
    - (iv)
      - (A) Nonrepairable valves shall be included in the calculation of percent leaking valves the first time the valve is identified as leaking and nonrepairable and as required to comply with [paragraph (e)(6)(iv)(B)](#e-6-iv-B) of this section. Otherwise, a number of nonrepairable valves (identified and included in the percent leaking calculation in a previous period) up to a maximum of 1 percent of the total number of valves in organic HAP service at a process may be excluded from calculation of percent leaking valves for subsequent monitoring periods.
      - (B) If the number of nonrepairable valves exceeds 1 percent of the total number of valves in organic HAP service at a process, the number of nonrepairable valves exceeding 1 percent of the total number of valves in organic HAP service shall be included in the calculation of percent leaking valves.
  - (7) **Repair provisions.**
    - (i) When a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but no later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected, except as provided in [paragraph (b)(4)(i)](#b-4-i)) of this section.
    - (ii) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after each leak is detected.
    - (iii) When a leak is repaired, the valve shall be monitored at least once within the first 3 months after its repair. Days that the valve is not in organic HAP service shall not be considered part of this 3 month period. The monitoring required by this paragraph is in addition to the monitoring required to satisfy the definitions of “repaired” and “first attempt at repair.”
      - (A) The monitoring shall be conducted as specified in § [63.180(b)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=b) and [(c)](/cfr/40/63.180.md?p=c) as appropriate to determine whether the valve has resumed leaking.
      - (B) Periodic monitoring required by [paragraphs (e)(2) through (4)](#e-2..e-4) of this section may be used to satisfy the requirements of [paragraph (e)(7)(iii)](#e-7-iii) of this section, if the timing of the monitoring period coincides with the time specified in [paragraph (e)(7)(iii)](#e-7-iii) of this section. Alternatively, other monitoring may be performed to satisfy the requirements of [paragraph (e)(7)(iii)](#e-7-iii) of this section, regardless of whether the timing of the monitoring period for periodic monitoring coincides with the time specified in [paragraph (e)(7)(iii)](#e-7-iii) of this section.
      - (C) If a leak is detected by monitoring that is conducted pursuant to [paragraph (e)(7)(iii)](#e-7-iii) of this section, the owner or operator shall follow the provisions of paragraphs (e)(7)(iii)(C)(1) and (2) of this section to determine whether that valve must be counted as a leaking valve for purposes of [paragraph (e)(6)](#e-6) of this section.

        (1) If the owner or operator elects to use periodic monitoring required by [paragraphs (e)(2) through (4)](#e-2..e-4) of this section to satisfy the requirements of [paragraph (e)(7)(iii)](#e-7-iii) of this section, then the valve shall be counted as a leaking valve.

        (2) If the owner or operator elects to use other monitoring prior to the periodic monitoring required by [paragraphs (e)(2) through (4)](#e-2..e-4) of this section to satisfy the requirements of [paragraph (e)(7)(iii)](#e-7-iii) of this section, then the valve shall be counted as a leaking valve unless it is repaired and shown by periodic monitoring not to be leaking.

  - (8) **First attempts at repair include, but are not limited to, the following practices where practicable—**
    - (i) Tightening of bonnet bolts,
    - (ii) Replacement of bonnet bolts,
    - (iii) Tightening of packing gland nuts, and
    - (iv) **Injection of lubricant into lubricated packing.**
  - (9) Any equipment located at a plant site with fewer than 250 valves in organic HAP service in the affected source is exempt from the requirements for monthly monitoring specified in [paragraph (e)(4)(i)](#e-4-i) of this section. Instead, the owner or operator shall monitor each valve in organic HAP service for leaks once each quarter, or comply with paragraph [(e)(4)(iii)](#e-4-iii), [(iv)](#e-4-iv), or [(v)](#e-4-v) of this section, except as provided in [paragraph (f)](#f) of this section.
- (f) **Unsafe to monitor/inspect, difficult to monitor/inspect, and inaccessible equipment.**
  - (1) Equipment that is designated as unsafe to monitor, unsafe to inspect, difficult to monitor, difficult to inspect, or inaccessible is exempt from the monitoring requirements as specified in [paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (iv)](#f-1-i..f-1-iv) of this section provided the owner or operator meets the requirements specified in paragraph [(f)(2)](#f-2), [(3)](#f-3), or [(4)](#f-4) of this section, as applicable. All equipment must be assigned to a group of processes. Ceramic or ceramic-lined connectors are subject to the same requirements as inaccessible connectors.
    - (i) **For pumps and agitators, paragraphs (c)(2), (3), and (4) of this section do not apply.**
    - (ii) **For valves, paragraphs (e)(2) through (7) of this section do not apply.**
    - (iii) For connectors, [§ 63.174(b) through (e)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=b..e) and [paragraphs (b)(4)(iii)(B) through (F)](#b-4-iii-B..b-4-iii-F) of this section do not apply.
    - (iv) For closed-vent systems, § [63.172(f)(1)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=f-1) and [(2)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=f-2) and [§ 63.172(g)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=g) do not apply.
  - (2) **Equipment that is unsafe to monitor or unsafe to inspect.**
    - (i) Valves, connectors, agitators, and pumps may be designated as unsafe to monitor if the owner or operator determines that monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with the monitoring requirements referred to in [paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (iii)](#f-1-i..f-1-iii) of this section.
    - (ii) Any part of a closed-vent system may be designated as unsafe to inspect if the owner or operator determines that monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with the monitoring requirements referred to in [paragraph (f)(1)(iv)](#f-1-iv) of this section.
    - (iii) The owner or operator of equipment that is designated as unsafe to monitor must have a written plan that requires monitoring of the equipment as frequently as practicable during safe to monitor times, but not more frequently than the periodic monitoring schedule otherwise applicable to the group of processes in which the equipment is located.
    - (iv) For any parts of a closed-vent system designated as unsafe to inspect, the owner or operator must have a written plan that requires inspection of the closed-vent systems as frequently as practicable during safe to inspect times, but not more frequently than annually.
  - (3) **Equipment that is difficult to monitor or difficult to inspect.**
    - (i) A valve, agitator, or pump may be designated as difficult to monitor if the owner or operator determines that the valve, agitator, or pump cannot be monitored without elevating the monitoring personnel more than 2 meters above a support surface, or it is not accessible in a safe manner when it is in organic HAP service.
    - (ii) Any part of a closed-vent system may be designated as difficult to inspect if the owner or operator determines that the equipment cannot be inspected without elevating the monitoring personnel more than 2 meters above a support surface, or it is not accessible in a safe manner when it is in organic HAP service.
    - (iii) At an existing source, any valve, agitator or pump within a group of processes that meets the criteria of [paragraph (f)(3)(i)](#f-3-i) of this section may be designated as difficult to monitor, and any parts of a closed-vent system that meet the requirements of [paragraph (f)(3)(ii)](#f-3-ii) of this section may be designated as difficult to inspect. At a new affected source, an owner or operator may designate no more than 3 percent of valves as difficult to monitor.
    - (iv) The owner or operator of valves, agitators, or pumps designated as difficult to monitor must have a written plan that requires monitoring of the equipment at least once per calendar year or on the periodic monitoring schedule otherwise applicable to the group of processes in which the equipment is located, whichever is less frequent. For any part of a closed-vent system designated as difficult to inspect, the owner or operator must have a written plan that requires inspection of the closed-vent system at least once every 5 years.
  - (4) **Inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-lined connectors.**
    - (i) A connector may be designated as inaccessible if it is:
      - (A) Buried;
      - (B) Insulated in a manner that prevents access to the connector by a monitor probe;
      - (C) Obstructed by equipment or piping that prevents access to the connector by a monitor probe;
      - (D) Unable to be reached from a wheeled scissor-lift or hydraulic-type scaffold which would allow access to equipment up to 7.6 meters (25 feet) above the ground; or
      - (E) **Not able to be accessed at any time in a safe manner to perform monitoring.** Unsafe access includes, but is not limited to, the use of a wheeled scissor-lift on unstable or uneven terrain, the use of a motorized man-lift basket in areas where an ignition potential exists, or access would require near proximity to hazards such as electrical lines, or would risk damage to equipment.
    - (ii) A connector may be designated as inaccessible if it would require elevating the monitoring personnel more than 2 meters above a permanent support surface or would require the erection of scaffold.
    - (iii) At an existing source, any connector that meets the criteria of paragraph [(f)(4)(i)](#f-4-i) or [(ii)](#f-4-ii) of this section may be designated as inaccessible. At a new affected source, an owner or operator may designate no more than 3 percent of connectors as inaccessible.
    - (iv) If any inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-lined connector is observed by visual, audible, olfactory, or other means to be leaking, the leak shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but no later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected, except as provided in [paragraph (b)(4)(i)](#b-4-i) of this section.
    - (v) Any connector that is inaccessible or that is ceramic or ceramic-lined is exempt from the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of paragraphs [(g)](#g) and [(h)](#h) of this section.
- (g) **Recordkeeping requirements.**
  - (1) An owner or operator of more than one group of processes subject to the provisions of this section may comply with the recordkeeping requirements for the groups of processes in one recordkeeping system if the system identifies with each record the program being implemented (e.g., quarterly monitoring) for each type of equipment. All records and information required by this section shall be maintained in a manner that can be readily accessed at the plant site. This could include physically locating the records at the plant site or accessing the records from a central location by computer at the plant site.
  - (2) **General recordkeeping.** Except as provided in [paragraph (g)(5)(i)](#g-5-i) of this section and in [paragraph (a)(9)](#a-9) of this section, the following information pertaining to all equipment subject to the requirements in this section shall be recorded:
    - (i)
      - (A) A list of identification numbers for equipment (except connectors that are subject to [paragraph (f)(4)](#f-4) of this section) subject to the requirements of this section. Except for equipment subject to the recordkeeping requirements in [paragraphs (g)(2)(ii) through (viii)](#g-2-ii..g-2-viii) of this section, equipment need not be individually identified if, for a particular type of equipment, all items of that equipment in a designated area or length of pipe subject to the provisions of this section are identified as a group, and the number of subject items of equipment is indicated. The list for each type of equipment shall be completed no later than the completion of the initial survey required for that component. The list of identification numbers shall be updated, if needed, to incorporate equipment changes identified during the course of each monitoring period within 90 calendar days, or by the next Periodic Report, following the end of the monitoring period for the type of equipment component monitored, whichever is later.
      - (B) A schedule for monitoring connectors subject to the provisions of [§ 63.174(a)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=a) and valves subject to the provisions of [paragraph (e)(4)](#e-4) of this section.
      - (C) **Physical tagging of the equipment to indicate that it is in organic HAP service is not required.** Equipment subject to the provisions of this section may be identified on a plant site plan, in log entries, or by other appropriate methods.
    - (ii)
      - (A) A list of identification numbers for equipment that the owner or operator elects to equip with a closed-vent system and control device, under the provisions of [paragraph (c)(7)](#c-7) of this section, [§ 63.164(h)](/cfr/40/63.164.md?p=h), or [§ 63.165(c)](/cfr/40/63.165.md?p=c).
      - (B) A list of identification numbers for compressors that the owner or operator elects to designate as operating with an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million above background, under the provisions of [§ 63.164(i)](/cfr/40/63.164.md?p=i).
    - (iii)
      - (A) A list of identification numbers for pressure relief devices subject to the provisions in [§ 63.165(a)](/cfr/40/63.165.md?p=a).
      - (B) A list of identification numbers for pressure relief devices equipped with rupture disks, under the provisions of [§ 63.165(d)](/cfr/40/63.165.md?p=d).
    - (iv) **Identification of instrumentation systems subject to the provisions of this section.** Individual components in an instrumentation system need not be identified.
    - (v) The following information shall be recorded for each dual mechanical seal system:
      - (A) Design criteria required by [paragraph (c)(5)(vi)(A)](#c-5-vi-A) of this section and [§ 63.164(e)(2)](/cfr/40/63.164.md?p=e-2), and an explanation of the design criteria; and
      - (B) **Any changes to these criteria and the reasons for the changes.**
    - (vi) A list of equipment designated as unsafe to monitor/inspect or difficult to monitor/inspect under [paragraph (f)](#f) of this section and a copy of the plan for monitoring or inspecting this equipment.
    - (vii) A list of connectors removed from and added to the process, as described in [§ 63.174(i)(1)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=i-1), and documentation of the integrity of the weld for any removed connectors, as required in [§ 63.174(j)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=j). This is not required unless the net credits for removed connectors is expected to be used.
    - (viii) For equipment that the owner or operator elects to monitor as provided under [§ 63.178(c)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=c), a list of equipment added to batch product processes since the last monitoring period required in § [63.178(c)(3)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=c-3-ii) and [(iii)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=c-3-iii). This list must be completed for each type of equipment within 90 calendar days, or by the next Periodic Report, following the end of the monitoring period for the type of equipment monitored, whichever is later. Also, if the owner or operator elects to adjust monitoring frequency by the time in use, as provided in [§ 63.178(c)(3)(iii)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=c-3-iii), records demonstrating the proportion of the time during the calendar year the equipment is in use in a manner subject to the provisions of this section are required. Examples of suitable documentation are records of time in use for individual pieces of equipment or average time in use for the process unit.
  - (3) **Records of visual inspections.** For visual inspections of equipment subject to the provisions of paragraphs [(c)(2)(iii)](#c-2-iii) and [(c)(5)(iv)](#c-5-iv) of this section, the owner or operator shall document that the inspection was conducted and the date of the inspection. The owner or operator shall maintain records as specified in [paragraph (g)(4)](#g-4) of this section for leaking equipment identified in this inspection, except as provided in [paragraph (g)(5)](#g-5) of this section. These records shall be retained for 2 years.
  - (4) **Monitoring records.** When each leak is detected as specified in [paragraph (c)](#c) of this section and [§ 63.164](/cfr/40/63.164.md), [paragraph (e)](#e) of this section and [§ 63.169](/cfr/40/63.169.md), and §§ [63.172](/cfr/40/63.172.md) and [63.174](/cfr/40/63.174.md), the following information shall be recorded and kept for 5 years (at least 2 years onsite, with the remaining 3 years either onsite or offsite):
    - (i) The instrument and the equipment identification number and the operator name, initials, or identification number.
    - (ii) **The date the leak was detected and the date of the first attempt to repair the leak.**
    - (iii) **The date of successful repair of the leak.**
    - (iv) The maximum instrument reading measured by Method 21 of [40 CFR part 60](/cfr/40/part60.md), appendix A, after the leak is successfully repaired or determined to be nonrepairable.
    - (v) “Repair delayed” and the reason for the delay if a leak is not repaired within 15 calendar days after discovery of the leak.
      - (A) The owner or operator may develop a written procedure that identifies the conditions that justify a delay of repair. The written procedures shall be included in a document that is maintained at the plant site. Reasons for delay of repair may be documented by citing the relevant sections of the written procedure.
      - (B) If delay of repair was caused by depletion of stocked parts, there must be documentation that the spare parts were sufficiently stocked onsite before depletion and the reason for depletion.
    - (vi) If repairs were delayed, dates of process shutdowns that occur while the equipment is unrepaired.
    - (vii)
      - (A) If the alternative in [§ 63.174(c)(1)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=c-1-ii) is not in use for the monitoring period, identification, either by list, location (area or grouping), or tagging of connectors disturbed since the last monitoring period required in [§ 63.174(b)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=b), as described in [§ 63.174(c)(1)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=c-1).
      - (B) The date and results of follow-up monitoring as required in § [63.174(c)(1)(i)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=c-1-i) and [(c)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=c-2-ii). If identification of disturbed connectors is made by location, then all connectors within the designated location shall be monitored.
    - (viii) The date and results of the monitoring required in [§ 63.178(c)(3)(i)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=c-3-i) for equipment added to a batch process since the last monitoring period required in § [63.178(c)(3)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=c-3-ii) and [(iii)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=c-3-iii). If no leaking equipment is found in this monitoring, the owner or operator shall record that the inspection was performed. Records of the actual monitoring results are not required.
    - (ix) Copies of the periodic reports as specified in [paragraph (h)(3)](#h-3) of this section, if records are not maintained on a computerized data base capable of generating summary reports from the records.
  - (5) **Records of pressure tests.** The owner or operator who elects to pressure test a process equipment train or supply lines between storage and processing areas to demonstrate compliance with this section is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs [(g)(2)](#g-2), [(3)](#g-3), [(4)](#g-4), and [(6)](#g-6) of this section. Instead, the owner or operator shall maintain records of the following information:
    - (i) **The identification of each product, or product code, produced during the calendar year.** It is not necessary to identify individual items of equipment in the process equipment train.
    - (ii) Physical tagging of the equipment to identify that it is in organic HAP service and subject to the provisions of this section is not required. Equipment in a process subject to the provisions of this section may be identified on a plant site plan, in log entries, or by other appropriate methods.
    - (iii) The dates of each pressure test required in [§ 63.178(b)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=b), the test pressure, and the pressure drop observed during the test.
    - (iv) **Records of any visible, audible, or olfactory evidence of fluid loss.**
    - (v) When a process equipment train does not pass two consecutive pressure tests, the following information shall be recorded in a log and kept for 2 years:
      - (A) **The date of each pressure test and the date of each leak repair attempt.**
      - (B) **Repair methods applied in each attempt to repair the leak.**
      - (C) **The reason for the delay of repair.**
      - (D) The expected date for delivery of the replacement equipment and the actual date of delivery of the replacement equipment.
      - (E) **The date of successful repair.**
  - (6) **Records of compressor and relief device compliance tests.** The dates and results of each compliance test required for compressors subject to the provisions in [§ 63.164(i)](/cfr/40/63.164.md?p=i) and the dates and results of the monitoring following a pressure release for each pressure relief device subject to the provisions in §§ [63.165(a)](/cfr/40/63.165.md?p=a) and [(b)](/cfr/40/63.165.md?p=b). The results shall include:
    - (i) **The background level measured during each compliance test.**
    - (ii) **The maximum instrument reading measured at each piece of equipment during each compliance test.**
  - (7) **Records for closed-vent systems.** The owner or operator shall maintain records of the information specified in [paragraphs (g)(7)(i) through (iii)](#g-7-i..g-7-iii) of this section for closed-vent systems and control devices subject to the provisions of [paragraph (b)(4)(ii)](#b-4-ii) of this section. The records specified in [paragraph (g)(7)(i)](#g-7-i) of this section shall be retained for the life of the equipment. The records specified in paragraphs [(g)(7)(ii)](#g-7-ii) and [(g)(7)(iii)](#g-7-iii) of this section shall be retained for 2 years.
    - (i) The design specifications and performance demonstrations specified in [paragraphs (g)(7)(i)(A) through (g)(7)(i)(D)](#g-7-i-A..g-7-i-D) of this section.
      - (A) Detailed schematics, design specifications of the control device, and piping and instrumentation diagrams.
      - (B) **The dates and descriptions of any changes in the design specifications.**
      - (C) The flare design (i.e., steam assisted, air assisted, or nonassisted) and the results of the compliance demonstration required by [§ 63.11(b)](/cfr/40/63.11.md?p=b).
      - (D) A description of the parameter or parameters monitored, as required in [paragraph (b)(4)(ii)](#b-4-ii) of this section, to ensure that control devices are operated and maintained in conformance with their design and an explanation of why that parameter (or parameters) was selected for the monitoring.
    - (ii) **Records of operation of closed-vent systems and control devices.**
      - (A) Dates and durations when the closed-vent systems and control devices required in [paragraph (c)](#c) of this section and [§§ 63.164 through 63.166](/cfr/40/63.164..63.166.md) are not operated as designed as indicated by the monitored parameters, including periods when a flare pilot light system does not have a flame.
      - (B) **Dates and durations during which the monitoring system or monitoring device is inoperative.**
      - (C) Dates and durations of startups and shutdowns of control devices required in [paragraph (c)(7)](#c-7) of this section and [§§ 63.164 through 63.166](/cfr/40/63.164..63.166.md).
    - (iii) Records of inspections of closed-vent systems subject to the provisions of [§ 63.172](/cfr/40/63.172.md).
      - (A) For each inspection conducted in accordance with the provisions of § [63.172(f)(1)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=f-1) or [(f)(2)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=f-2) during which no leaks were detected, a record that the inspection was performed, the date of the inspection, and a statement that no leaks were detected.
      - (B) For each inspection conducted in accordance with the provisions of § [63.172(f)(1)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=f-1) or [(f)(2)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=f-2) during which leaks were detected, the information specified in [paragraph (g)(4)](#g-4) of this section shall be recorded.
  - (8) **Records for components in heavy liquid service.** Information, data, and analysis used to determine that a piece of equipment or process is in heavy liquid service shall be recorded. Such a determination shall include an analysis or demonstration that the process fluids do not meet the criteria of “in light liquid or gas service.” Examples of information that could document this include, but are not limited to, records of chemicals purchased for the process, analyses of process stream composition, engineering calculations, or process knowledge.
  - (9) **Records of exempt components.** Identification, either by list, location (area or group) of equipment in organic HAP service less than 300 hours per year subject to the provisions of this section.
  - (10) **Records of alternative means of compliance determination.** Owners and operators choosing to comply with the requirements of [§ 63.179](/cfr/40/63.179.md) shall maintain the following records:
    - (i) **Identification of the process(es) and the organic HAP they handle.**
    - (ii) **A schematic of the process, enclosure, and closed-vent system.**
    - (iii) A description of the system used to create a negative pressure in the enclosure to ensure that all emissions are routed to the control device.
- (h) **Reporting requirements.**
  - (1) Each owner or operator of a source subject to this section shall submit the reports listed in [paragraphs (h)(1)(i) through (ii)](#h-1-i..h-1-ii) of this section.
    - (i) A Notification of Compliance Status Report described in [paragraph (h)(2)](#h-2) of this section,
    - (ii) **Periodic reports described in paragraph (h)(3) of this section.**
  - (2) **Notification of compliance status report.** Each owner or operator of a source subject to this section shall submit the information specified in [paragraphs (h)(2)(i) through (iii)](#h-2-i..h-2-iii) of this section in the Notification of Compliance Status Report described in [§ 63.1260(f)](/cfr/40/63.1260.md?p=f).
    - (i) The notification shall provide the information listed in [paragraphs (h)(2)(i)(A) through (C)](#h-2-i-A..h-2-i-C) of this section for each process subject to the requirements of [paragraphs (b) through (g)](#b..g) of this section.
      - (A) **Process group identification.**
      - (B) Number of each equipment type (e.g., valves, pumps) in organic HAP service, excluding equipment in vacuum service.
      - (C) Method of compliance with the standard (for example, “monthly leak detection and repair” or “equipped with dual mechanical seals”).
    - (ii) The notification shall provide the information listed in paragraphs [(h)(2)(ii)(A)](#h-2-ii-A) and [(B)](#h-2-ii-B) of this section for each process subject to the requirements of [paragraph (b)(4)(iv)](#b-4-iv) of this section and [§ 63.178(b)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=b).
      - (A) Products or product codes subject to the provisions of this section, and
      - (B) Planned schedule for pressure testing when equipment is configured for production of products subject to the provisions of this section.
    - (iii) The notification shall provide the information listed in paragraphs [(h)(2)(iii)(A)](#h-2-iii-A) and [(B)](#h-2-iii-B) of this section for each process subject to the requirements in [§ 63.179](/cfr/40/63.179.md).
      - (A) **Process identification.**
      - (B) A description of the system used to create a negative pressure in the enclosure and the control device used to comply with the requirements of [paragraph (b)(4)(ii)](#b-4-ii) of this section.
    - (iv) [Section 63.9(j)](/cfr/40/63.9.md?p=j) shall not apply to the Notification of Compliance Status report described in this [paragraph (h)(2)](#h-2).
  - (3) **Periodic reports.** The owner or operator of a source subject to this section shall submit Periodic Reports.
    - (i) A report containing the information in paragraphs [(h)(3)(ii)](#h-3-ii), [(iii)](#h-3-iii), and [(iv)](#h-3-iv) of this section shall be submitted semiannually. The first report shall be submitted no later than 240 days after the Notification of Compliance Status Report is due and shall cover the 6-month period beginning on the date the Notification of Compliance Status Report is due. Each subsequent report shall cover the 6-month period following the preceding period.
    - (ii) For equipment complying with the provisions of [paragraphs (b) through (g)](#b..g) of this section, except [paragraph (b)(4)(iv)](#b-4-iv) of this section and [§ 63.179](/cfr/40/63.179.md), the summary information listed in [paragraphs (h)(3)(ii)(A) through (L)](#h-3-ii-A..h-3-ii-L) of this section for each monitoring period during the 6-month period.
      - (A) The number of valves for which leaks were detected as described in [paragraph (e)(3)](#e-3) of this section, the percent leakers, and the total number of valves monitored;
      - (B) The number of valves for which leaks were not repaired as required in [paragraph (e)(7)](#e-7) of this section, identifying the number of those that are determined nonrepairable;
      - (C) Separately, the number of pumps and agitators for which leaks were detected as described in [paragraph (c)(2)](#c-2) of this section, the total number of pumps and agitators monitored, and, for pumps, the percent leakers;
      - (D) Separately, the number of pumps and agitators for which leaks were not repaired as required in [paragraph (c)(3)](#c-3) of this section;
      - (E) The number of compressors for which leaks were detected as described in [§ 63.164(f)](/cfr/40/63.164.md?p=f);
      - (F) The number of compressors for which leaks were not repaired as required in [§ 63.164(g)](/cfr/40/63.164.md?p=g);
      - (G) The number of connectors for which leaks were detected as described in [§ 63.174(a)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=a), the percent of connectors leaking, and the total number of connectors monitored;
      - (H) The number of connectors for which leaks were not repaired as required in [§ 63.174(d)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=d), identifying the number of those that are determined nonrepairable;
      - (I) The facts that explain any delay of repairs and, where appropriate, why a process shutdown was technically infeasible.
      - (J) The results of all monitoring to show compliance with §§ [63.164(i)](/cfr/40/63.164.md?p=i), [63.165(a)](/cfr/40/63.165.md?p=a), and [63.172(f)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=f) conducted within the semiannual reporting period.
      - (K) If applicable, the initiation of a monthly monitoring program under either [paragraph (c)(4)(ii)](#c-4-ii) or [paragraph (e)(4)(i)](#e-4-i) of this section.
      - (L) If applicable, notification of a change in connector monitoring alternatives as described in [§ 63.174(c)(1)](/cfr/40/63.174.md?p=c-1).
    - (iii) For owners or operators electing to meet the requirements of [§ 63.178(b)](/cfr/40/63.178.md?p=b), the report shall include the information listed in [paragraphs (h)(3)(iii)(A) through (E)](#h-3-iii-A..h-3-iii-E) of this paragraph for each process.
      - (A) Product process equipment train identification;
      - (B) The number of pressure tests conducted;
      - (C) The number of pressure tests where the equipment train failed either the retest or two consecutive pressure tests;
      - (D) The facts that explain any delay of repairs; and
      - (E) The results of all monitoring to determine compliance with [§ 63.172(f)](/cfr/40/63.172.md?p=f) of subpart H.
    - (iv) Any revisions to items reported in earlier Notification of Compliance Status report, if the method of compliance has changed since the last report.

# §63.1256. Standards: Wastewater.

- (a) **General.** Each owner or operator of any affected source (existing or new) shall comply with the general wastewater requirements in [paragraphs (a)(1) through (3)](#a-1..a-3) of this section and the maintenance wastewater provisions in [paragraph (a)(4)](#a-4) of this section. An owner or operator may transfer wastewater to a treatment operation not owned by the owner or operator in accordance with [paragraph (a)(5)](#a-5) of this section.
  - (1) **Identify wastewater that requires control.** For each POD, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in either paragraph [(a)(1)(i)](#a-1-i) or [(ii)](#a-1-ii) of this section to determine whether a wastewater stream is an affected wastewater stream that requires control for soluble and/or partially soluble HAP compounds or to designate the wastewater stream as an affected wastewater stream, respectively. The owner or operator may use a combination of the approaches in paragraphs [(a)(1)(i)](#a-1-i) and [(ii)](#a-1-ii) of this section for different affected wastewater generated at the source.
    - (i) **Determine characteristics of a wastewater stream.** At new and existing sources, a wastewater stream is an affected wastewater stream if the annual average concentration and annual load exceed any of the criteria specified in [paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) through (C)](#a-1-i-A..a-1-i-C) of this section. At new sources, a wastewater stream is subject to additional control requirements if the annual average concentration and annual load exceed the criteria specified in [paragraphs (a)(1)(i)(D)](#a-1-i-D) of this section. The owner or operator shall comply with the provisions of [§ 63.1257(e)(1)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-1) to determine the annual average concentrations and annual load of partially soluble and soluble HAP compounds.
      - (A) The wastewater stream contains partially soluble HAP compounds at an annual average concentration greater than 1,300 ppmw, and the total soluble and partially soluble HAP load in all wastewater from the PMPU exceeds 0.25 Mg/yr.
      - (B) The wastewater stream contains partially soluble and/or soluble HAP compounds at an annual average concentration greater than 5,200 ppmw, and the total soluble and partially soluble HAP load in all wastewater from the PMPU exceeds 0.25 Mg/yr.
      - (C) The wastewater stream contains partially soluble and/or soluble HAP at an annual average concentration of greater than 10,000 ppmw, and the total partially soluble and/or soluble HAP load in all wastewater from the affected source is greater than 1 Mg/yr.
      - (D) The wastewater stream contains soluble HAP compounds at an annual average concentration greater than 110,000 ppmw, and the total soluble and partially soluble HAP load in all wastewater from the PMPU exceeds 1 Mg/yr.
    - (ii) **Designate wastewater as affected wastewater.** For existing sources, the owner or operator may elect to designate wastewater streams as meeting the criteria of either paragraphs [(a)(1)(i)(A)](#a-1-i-A),[(B)](#a-1-i-B), or [(C)](#a-1-i-C) of this section. For new sources, the owner or operator may elect to designate wastewater streams meeting the criterion in [paragraph (a)(1)(i)(D)](#a-1-i-D) or for wastewater known to contain no soluble HAP, as meeting the criterion in [paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A)](#a-1-i-A) of this section. For designated wastewater the procedures specified in paragraphs [(a)(1)(ii)(A)](#a-1-ii-A) and [(B)](#a-1-ii-B) of this section shall be followed, except as specified in paragraphs [(g)(8)(i)](#g-8-i), [(g)(9)(i)](#g-9-i), and (g)(10) of this section. The owner or operator is not required to determine the annual average concentration or load for each designated wastewater stream for the purposes of this section.
      - (A) From the POD for the wastewater stream that is designated as an affected wastewater stream to the location where the owner or operator elects to designate such wastewater stream as an affected wastewater stream, the owner or operator shall comply with all applicable emission suppression requirements specified in [paragraphs (b) through (f)](#b..f) of this section.
      - (B) From the location where the owner or operator designates a wastewater stream as an affected wastewater stream, such wastewater stream shall be managed in accordance with all applicable emission suppression requirements specified in [paragraphs (b) through (f)](#b..f) of this section and with the treatment requirements in [paragraph (g)](#g) of this section.
    - (iii) **Scrubber effluent.** Effluent from a water scrubber that has been used to control Table 2 HAP-containing vent streams that are controlled in order to meet the process vent requirements in [§ 63.1254](/cfr/40/63.1254.md) of this subpart is considered an affected wastewater stream.
  - (2) **Requirements for affected wastewater.**
    - (i) An owner or operator of a facility shall comply with the applicable requirements for wastewater tanks, surface impoundments, containers, individual drain systems, and oil/water separators as specified in [paragraphs (b) through (f)](#b..f) of this section, except as provided in [paragraph (g)(3)](#g-3) of this section.
    - (ii) Comply with the applicable requirements for control of soluble and partially soluble compounds as specified in [paragraph (g)](#g) of this section. Alternatively, the owner or operator may elect to comply with the treatment provisions specified in [paragraph (a)(5)](#a-5) of this section.
    - (iii) Comply with the applicable monitoring and inspection requirements specified in [§ 63.1258](/cfr/40/63.1258.md).
    - (iv) Comply with the applicable recordkeeping and reporting requirements specified in §§ [63.1259](/cfr/40/63.1259.md) and [63.1260](/cfr/40/63.1260.md).
  - (3) **Requirements for multiphase discharges.** The owner or operator shall not discharge a separate phase that can be isolated through gravity separation from the aqueous phase to a waste management or treatment unit, unless the stream is discharged to a treatment unit in compliance with [paragraph (g)(13)](#g-13) of this section.
  - (4) **Maintenance wastewater requirements.** Each owner or operator of a source subject to this subpart shall comply with the requirements of [paragraphs (a)(4)(i) through (iv)](#a-4-i..a-4-iv) of this section for maintenance wastewater containing partially soluble or soluble HAP listed in Tables 2 and 3 of this subpart. Maintenance wastewater is exempt from all other provisions of this subpart.
    - (i) The owner or operator shall prepare a description of maintenance procedures for management of wastewater generated from the emptying and purging of equipment in the process during temporary shutdowns for inspections, maintenance, and repair (i.e., a maintenance turnaround) and during periods which are not shutdowns (i.e., routine maintenance). The descriptions shall be included in a document that is maintained at the plant site and shall:
      - (A) Specify the process equipment or maintenance tasks that are anticipated to create wastewater during maintenance activities; and
      - (B) Specify the procedures that will be followed to properly manage the wastewater and minimize organic HAP emissions to the atmosphere; and
      - (C) **Specify the procedures to be followed when clearing materials from process equipment.**
    - (ii) The owner or operator shall modify and update the information required by [paragraph (a)(4)(i)](#a-4-i) of this section as needed following each maintenance procedure based on the actions taken and the wastewater generated in the preceding maintenance procedure.
  - (5) **Offsite treatment or onsite treatment not owned or operated by the source.** The owner or operator may elect to transfer affected wastewater streams or a residual removed from such affected wastewater to an onsite treatment operation not owned or operated by the owner or operator of the source generating the wastewater or residual, or to an offsite treatment operation.
    - (i) **The owner or operator transferring the wastewater or residual shall—**
      - (A) Comply with the provisions specified in [paragraphs (b) through (f)](#b..f) of this section for each waste management unit that receives or manages affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater prior to shipment or transport.
      - (B) Include a notice with each shipment or transport of affected wastewater or residual removed from affected wastewater. The notice shall state that the affected wastewater or residual contains organic HAP that are to be treated in accordance with the provisions of this subpart. When the transport is continuous or ongoing (for example, discharge to a publicly-owned treatment works), the notice shall be submitted to the treatment operator initially and whenever there is a change in the required treatment. The owner or operator shall keep a record of the notice in accordance with [§ 63.1259(g)](/cfr/40/63.1259.md?p=g).
    - (ii) The owner or operator may not transfer the affected wastewater or residual unless the transferee has submitted to the EPA a written certification that the transferee will manage and treat any affected wastewater or residual removed from affected wastewater received from a source subject to the requirements of this subpart in accordance with the requirements of either:
      - (A) [Paragraphs (b) through (i)](#b..i) of this section; or
      - (B) Subpart D of this part if alternative emission limitations have been granted the transferor in accordance with those provisions; or
      - (C) [Section 63.6(g)](/cfr/40/63.6.md?p=g); or
      - (D) If the affected wastewater streams or residuals removed from affected wastewater streams received by the transferee contain less than 50 ppmw of partially soluble HAP, then the transferee must, at a minimum, manage and treat the affected wastewater streams and residuals in accordance with one of the following:

        (1) Comply with [paragraph (g)(10)](#g-10) of this section and cover the waste management units up to the activated sludge unit; or

        (2) Comply with paragraphs [(g)(11)(i)](#g-11-i), [(ii)](#g-11-ii), and (h) of this section and cover the waste management units up to the activated sludge unit; or

        (3) Comply with [paragraph (g)(10)](#g-10) of this section provided that the owner or operator of the affected source demonstrates that less than 5 percent of the total soluble HAP is emitted from waste management units up to the activated sludge unit; or

        (4) Comply with paragraphs [(g)(11)(i)](#g-11-i), [(ii)](#g-11-ii), and (h) of this section provided that the owner or operator of the affected source demonstrates that less than 5 percent of the total soluble HAP is emitted from waste management units up to the activated sludge unit.

    - (iii) The certifying entity may revoke the written certification by sending a written statement to the EPA and the owner or operator giving at least 90 days notice that the certifying entity is rescinding acceptance of responsibility for compliance with the regulatory provisions listed in this paragraph. Upon expiration of the notice period, the owner or operator may not transfer the wastewater stream or residual to the treatment operation.
    - (iv) By providing this written certification to the EPA, the certifying entity accepts responsibility for compliance with the regulatory provisions listed in [paragraph (a)(5)(ii)](#a-5-ii) of this section with respect to any shipment of wastewater or residual covered by the written certification. Failure to abide by any of those provisions with respect to such shipments may result in enforcement action by the EPA against the certifying entity in accordance with the enforcement provisions applicable to violations of these provisions by owners or operators of sources.
    - (v) Written certifications and revocation statements, to the EPA from the transferees of wastewater or residuals shall be signed by the responsible official of the certifying entity, provide the name and address of the certifying entity, and be sent to the appropriate EPA Regional Office at the addresses listed in [§ 63.13](/cfr/40/63.13.md). Such written certifications are not transferable by the treater.
- (b) **Wastewater tanks.** For each wastewater tank that receives, manages, or treats affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of either paragraph [(b)(1)](#b-1) or [(2)](#b-2) of this section as specified in Table 6 of this subpart.
  - (1) The owner or operator shall operate and maintain a fixed roof except when the contents of the wastewater tank are heated, treated by means of an exothermic reaction, or sparged, during which time the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements specified in [paragraph (b)(2)](#b-2) of this section. For the purposes of this paragraph, the requirements of [paragraph (b)(2)](#b-2) of this section are satisfied by operating and maintaining a fixed roof if the owner or operator demonstrates that the total soluble and partially soluble HAP emissions from the wastewater tank are no more than 5 percent higher than the emissions would be if the contents of the wastewater tank were not heated, treated by an exothermic reaction, or sparged.
  - (2) The owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in [paragraphs (b)(3) through (9)](#b-3..b-9) of this section and shall operate and maintain one of the emission control techniques listed in [paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (iii)](#b-2-i..b-2-iii) of this section.
    - (i) A fixed roof and a closed-vent system that routes the organic HAP vapors vented from the wastewater tank to a control device; or
    - (ii) A fixed roof and an internal floating roof that meets the requirements specified in [§ 63.119(b)](/cfr/40/63.119.md?p=b), with the differences noted in [§ 63.1257(c)(3)(i) through (iii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=c-3-i..c-3-iii) for the purposes of this subpart; or
    - (iii) An external floating roof that meets the requirements specified in §§ [63.119(c)](/cfr/40/63.119.md?p=c), [63.120(b)(5)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=b-5), and [63.120(b)(6)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=b-6), with the differences noted in [§ 63.1257(c)(3)(i) through (v)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=c-3-i..c-3-v) for the purposes of this subpart.
  - (3) If the owner or operator elects to comply with the requirements of [paragraph (b)(2)(i)](#b-2-i) of this section, the fixed roof shall meet the requirements of [paragraph (b)(3)(i)](#b-3-i) of this section, the control device shall meet the requirements of [paragraph (b)(3)(ii)](#b-3-ii) of this section, and the closed-vent system shall meet the requirements of [paragraph (b)(3)(iii)](#b-3-iii) of this section.
    - (i) The fixed roof shall meet the following requirements:
      - (A) Except as provided in [paragraph (b)(3)(iv)](#b-3-iv) of this section, the fixed roof and all openings (e.g., access hatches, sampling ports, and gauge wells) shall be maintained in accordance with the requirements specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
      - (B) Each opening shall be maintained in a closed position (e.g., covered by a lid) at all times that the wastewater tank contains affected wastewater or residual removed from affected wastewater except when it is necessary to use the opening for wastewater sampling, removal, or for equipment inspection, maintenance, or repair.
    - (ii) The control device shall be designed, operated, and inspected in accordance with the requirements of [paragraph (h)](#h) of this section.
    - (iii) Except as provided in [paragraph (b)(3)(iv)](#b-3-iv) of this section, the closed-vent system shall be inspected in accordance with the requirements of [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
    - (iv) For any fixed roof tank and closed-vent system that is operated and maintained under negative pressure, the owner or operator is not required to comply with the requirements specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
  - (4) If the owner or operator elects to comply with the requirements of [paragraph (b)(2)(ii)](#b-2-ii) of this section, the floating roof shall be inspected according to the procedures specified in § [63.120(a)(2)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=a-2) and [(3)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=a-3), with the differences noted in [§ 63.1257(c)(3)(iv)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=c-3-iv) for the purposes of this subpart.
  - (5) Except as provided in [paragraph (b)(6)](#b-6) of this section, if the owner or operator elects to comply with the requirements of [paragraph (b)(2)(iii)](#b-2-iii) of this section, seal gaps shall be measured according to the procedures specified in [§ 63.120(b)(2)(i) through (b)(4)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=b-2-i..b-b-4) and the wastewater tank shall be inspected to determine compliance with § [63.120(b)(5)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=b-5) and [(6)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=b-6) according to the schedule specified in [§ 63.120(b)(1)(i) through (iii)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=b-1-i..b-1-iii).
  - (6) If the owner or operator determines that it is unsafe to perform the seal gap measurements specified in [§ 63.120(b)(2)(i) through (b)(4)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=b-2-i..b-b-4) or to inspect the wastewater tank to determine compliance with § [63.120(b)(5)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=b-5) and [(6)](/cfr/40/63.120.md?p=b-6) because the floating roof appears to be structurally unsound and poses an imminent or potential danger to inspecting personnel, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in either paragraph [(b)(6)(i)](#b-6-i) or [(ii)](#b-6-ii) of this section.
    - (i) The owner or operator shall measure the seal gaps or inspect the wastewater tank within 30 calendar days of the determination that the floating roof is unsafe.
    - (ii) The owner or operator shall empty and remove the wastewater tank from service within 45 calendar days of determining that the roof is unsafe. If the wastewater tank cannot be emptied within 45 calendar days, the owner or operator may utilize up to two extensions of up to 30 additional calendar days each. Documentation of a decision to utilize an extension shall include an explanation of why it was unsafe to perform the inspection or seal gap measurement, shall document that alternate storage capacity is unavailable, and shall specify a schedule of actions that will ensure that the wastewater tank will be emptied as soon as possible.
  - (7) Except as provided in [paragraph (b)(6)](#b-6) of this section, each wastewater tank shall be inspected initially, and semiannually thereafter, for improper work practices in accordance with [§ 63.1258(g)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=g). For wastewater tanks, improper work practice includes, but is not limited to, leaving open any access door or other opening when such door or opening is not in use.
  - (8) Except as provided in [paragraph (b)(6)](#b-6) of this section, each wastewater tank shall be inspected for control equipment failures as defined in [paragraph (b)(8)(i)](#b-8-i) of this section according to the schedule in paragraphs [(b)(8)(ii)](#b-8-ii) and [(iii)](#b-8-iii) of this section in accordance with [§ 63.1258(g)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=g).
    - (i) Control equipment failures for wastewater tanks include, but are not limited to, the conditions specified in [paragraphs (b)(8)(i)(A) through (I)](#b-8-i-A..b-8-i-I) of this section.
      - (A) **The floating roof is not resting on either the surface of the liquid or on the leg supports.**
      - (B) **There is stored liquid on the floating roof.**
      - (C) **A rim seal is detached from the floating roof.**
      - (D) **There are holes, tears, cracks or gaps in the rim seal or seal fabric of the floating roof.**
      - (E) There are visible gaps between the seal of an internal floating roof and the wall of the wastewater tank.
      - (F) There are gaps between the metallic shoe seal or the liquid mounted primary seal of an external floating roof and the wall of the wastewater tank that exceed 212 square centimeters per meter of tank diameter or the width of any portion of any gap between the primary seal and the tank wall exceeds 3.81 centimeters.
      - (G) There are gaps between the secondary seal of an external floating roof and the wall of the wastewater tank that exceed 21.2 square centimeters per meter of tank diameter or the width of any portion of any gap between the secondary seal and the tank wall exceeds 1.27 centimeters.
      - (H) Where a metallic shoe seal is used on an external floating roof, one end of the metallic shoe does not extend into the stored liquid or one end of the metallic shoe does not extend a minimum vertical distance of 61 centimeters above the surface of the stored liquid.
      - (I) **A gasket, joint, lid, cover, or door has a crack or gap, or is broken.**
    - (ii) The owner or operator shall inspect for the control equipment failures in [paragraphs (b)(8)(i)(A) through (H)](#b-8-i-A..b-8-i-H) according to the schedule specified in paragraphs [(b)(4)](#b-4) and [(5)](#b-5) of this section.
    - (iii) The owner or operator shall inspect for the control equipment failures in [paragraph (b)(8)(i)(I)](#b-8-i-I) of this section initially, and semiannually thereafter.
  - (9) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, when an improper work practice or a control equipment failure is identified, first efforts at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after identification and repair shall be completed within 45 calendar days after identification. If a failure that is detected during inspections required by this section cannot be repaired within 45 calendar days and if the tank cannot be emptied within 45 calendar days, the owner or operator may utilize up to two extensions of up to 30 additional calendar days each. Documentation of a decision to utilize an extension shall include a description of the failure, shall document that alternate storage capacity is unavailable, and shall specify a schedule of actions that will ensure that the control equipment will be repaired or the tank will be emptied as soon as practical.
  - (10) The emission limits specified in § [63.1256 (b)(2)](#b-2) and [(h)](#b-h) for control devices used to control emissions from wastewater tanks do not apply during periods of planned routine maintenance of the control device(s) of no more than 240 hours in any 365-day period. The owner or operator may submit an application to the Administrator requesting an extension of this time limit to a total of 360 hours in any 365-day period. The application must explain why the extension is needed, it must specify that no affected wastewater will be added to the tank between the time the 240-hour limit is exceeded and the control device is again operational, and it must be submitted at least 60 days before the 240-hour limit will be exceeded. Wastewater tanks shall not be sparged with air or other gases without an operational control device.
- (c) **Surface impoundments.** For each surface impoundment that receives, manages, or treats affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of paragraphs [(c)(1)](#c-1), [(2)](#c-2), and [(3)](#c-3) of this section.
  - (1) The owner or operator shall operate and maintain on each surface impoundment either a cover (e.g., air-supported structure or rigid cover) and a closed-vent system that routes the organic hazardous air pollutants vapors vented from the surface impoundment to a control device in accordance with paragraphs [(c)(1)(i)](#c-1-i), [(iii)](#c-1-iii), [(iv)](#c-1-iv), and [(v)](#c-1-v) of this section, or a floating flexible membrane cover as specified in [paragraph (c)(1)(ii)](#c-1-ii) of this section.
    - (i) The cover and all openings shall meet the following requirements:
      - (A) Except as provided in [paragraph (c)(1)(v)](#c-1-v) of this section, the cover and all openings (e.g., access hatches, sampling ports, and gauge wells) shall be maintained in accordance with the requirements specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
      - (B) Each opening shall be maintained in a closed position (e.g., covered by a lid) at all times that affected wastewater or residual removed from affected wastewater is in the surface impoundment except when it is necessary to use the opening for sampling, removal, or for equipment inspection, maintenance, or repair.
      - (C) The cover shall be used at all times that affected wastewater or residual removed from affected wastewater is in the surface impoundment except during removal of treatment residuals in accordance with [40 CFR 268.4](/cfr/40/268.4.md) or closure of the surface impoundment in accordance with [40 CFR 264.228](/cfr/40/264.228.md).
    - (ii) Floating flexible membrane covers shall meet the requirements specified in [paragraphs (c)(1)(ii)(A) through (F)](#c-1-ii-A..c-1-ii-F) of this section.
      - (A) The floating flexible cover shall be designed to float on the liquid surface during normal operations, and to form a continuous barrier over the entire surface area of the liquid.
      - (B) The cover shall be fabricated from a synthetic membrane material that is either:

        (1) High density polyethylene (HDPE) with a thickness no less than 2.5 millimeters (100 mils); or

        (2) A material or a composite of different materials determined to have both organic permeability properties that are equivalent to those of the material listed in paragraph (c)(1)(ii)(B)(1) of this section, and chemical and physical properties that maintain the material integrity for the intended service life of the material.

      - (C) The cover shall be installed in a manner such that there are no visible cracks, holes, gaps, or other open spaces between cover section seams or between the interface of the cover edge and its foundation mountings.
      - (D) Except as provided for in [paragraph (c)(1)(ii)(E)](#c-1-ii-E) of this section, each opening in the floating membrane cover shall be equipped with a closure device designed to operate such that when the closure device is secured in the closed position there are no visible cracks, holes, gaps, or other open spaces in the closure device or between the perimeter of the cover opening and the closure device.
      - (E) The floating membrane cover may be equipped with one or more emergency cover drains for removal of stormwater. Each emergency cover drain shall be equipped with a slotted membrane fabric cover that covers at least 90 percent of the area of the opening or a flexible fabric sleeve seal.
      - (F) The closure devices shall be made of suitable materials that will minimize exposure of organic HAP to the atmosphere, to the extent practical, and will maintain the integrity of the equipment throughout its intended service life. Factors to be considered in designing the closure devices shall include: the effects of any contact with the liquid and its vapor managed in the surface impoundment; the effects of outdoor exposure to wind, moisture, and sunlight; and the operating practices used for the surface impoundment on which the floating membrane cover is installed.
      - (G) Whenever affected wastewater or residual from affected wastewater is in the surface impoundment, the floating membrane cover shall float on the liquid and each closure device shall be secured in the closed position. Opening of closure devices or removal of the cover is allowed to provide access to the surface impoundment for performing routine inspection, maintenance, or other activities needed for normal operations and/or to remove accumulated sludge or other residues from the bottom of surface impoundment. Openings shall be maintained in accordance with [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
    - (iii) The control device shall be designed, operated, and inspected in accordance with [paragraph (h)](#h) of this section.
    - (iv) Except as provided in [paragraph (c)(1)(v)](#c-1-v) of this section, the closed-vent system shall be inspected in accordance with [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
    - (v) For any cover and closed-vent system that is operated and maintained under negative pressure, the owner or operator is not required to comply with the requirements specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
  - (2) Each surface impoundment shall be inspected initially, and semiannually thereafter, for improper work practices and control equipment failures in accordance with [§ 63.1258(g)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=g).
    - (i) For surface impoundments, improper work practice includes, but is not limited to, leaving open any access hatch or other opening when such hatch or opening is not in use.
    - (ii) For surface impoundments, control equipment failure includes, but is not limited to, any time a joint, lid, cover, or door has a crack or gap, or is broken.
  - (3) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, when an improper work practice or a control equipment failure is identified, first efforts at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after identification and repair shall be completed within 45 calendar days after identification.
- (d) **Containers.** For each container that receives, manages, or treats affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of [paragraphs (d)(1) through (5)](#d-1..d-5) of this section.
  - (1) The owner or operator shall operate and maintain a cover on each container used to handle, transfer, or store affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater in accordance with the following requirements:
    - (i) Except as provided in [paragraph (d)(3)(iv)](#d-3-iv) of this section, if the capacity of the container is greater than 0.42 m 3, the cover and all openings (e.g., bungs, hatches, sampling points, and pressure relief valves) shall be controlled in accordance with the requirements of either paragraph [(d)(1)(i)(A)](#d-1-i-A) or [(d)(1)(i)(B)](#d-1-i-B) of this section.
      - (A) The requirements specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h); or
      - (B) The requirements of [subpart PP](/cfr/40/subpartPP.md) of this part for containers using level 2 controls that meet the definitions in § [63.923(b)(1)](/cfr/40/63.923.md?p=b-1) or [(2)](/cfr/40/63.923.md?p=b-2).
    - (ii) If the capacity of the container is less than or equal to 0.42 m 3, the owner or operator shall comply with either paragraph [(d)(1)(ii)(A)](#d-1-ii-A) or [(B)](#d-1-ii-B) of this section.
      - (A) The container must meet existing Department of Transportation specifications and testing requirements under [49 CFR part 178](/cfr/49/part178.md); or
      - (B) Except as provided in [paragraph (d)(3)(iv)](#d-3-iv) of this section, the cover and all openings shall be maintained without leaks as specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
    - (iii) The cover and all openings shall be maintained in a closed position (e.g., covered by a lid) at all times that affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater is in the container except when it is necessary to use the opening for filling, removal, inspection, sampling, or pressure relief events related to safety considerations.
  - (2) **Filling of large containers.** Pumping affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater into a container with a capacity greater than or equal to 0.42 m 3 shall be conducted in accordance with the conditions in paragraphs [(d)(2)(i)](#d-2-i) and [(ii)](#d-2-ii) of this section.
    - (i) Comply with any one of the procedures specified in paragraph [(d)(2)(i)(A)](#d-2-i-A), [(B)](#d-2-i-B), or [(C)](#d-2-i-C) of this section.
      - (A) **Use a submerged fill pipe.** The submerged fill pipe outlet shall extend to no more than 6 inches or within two fill pipe diameters of the bottom of the container while the container is being filled.
      - (B) Locate the container within an enclosure with a closed-vent system that routes the organic HAP vapors vented from the container to a control device.
      - (C) Use a closed-vent system to vent the displaced organic vapors vented from the container to a control device or back to the equipment from which the wastewater is transferred.
    - (ii) The cover shall remain in place and all openings shall be maintained in a closed position except for those openings required for the submerged fill pipe and for venting of the container to prevent physical damage or permanent deformation of the container or cover.
  - (3) During treatment of affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater, including aeration, thermal or other treatment, in a container, whenever it is necessary for the container to be open, the container shall be located within an enclosure with a closed-vent system that routes the organic HAP vapors vented from the container to a control device.
    - (i) Except as provided in [paragraph (d)(3)(iv)](#d-3-iv) of this section, the enclosure and all openings (e.g., doors, hatches) shall be maintained in accordance with the requirements specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
    - (ii) The control device shall be designed, operated, and inspected in accordance with [paragraph (h)](#h) of this section.
    - (iii) Except as provided in [paragraph (d)(3)(iv)](#d-3-iv) of this section, the closed-vent system shall be inspected in accordance with [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
    - (iv) For any enclosure and closed-vent system that is operated and maintained under negative pressure, the owner or operator is not required to comply with the requirements specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
  - (4) Each container shall be inspected initially, and semiannually thereafter, for improper work practices and control equipment failures in accordance with [§ 63.1258(g)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=g).
    - (i) For containers, improper work practice includes, but is not limited to, leaving open any access hatch or other opening when such hatch or opening is not in use.
    - (ii) For containers, control equipment failure includes, but is not limited to, any time a cover or door has a gap or crack, or is broken.
  - (5) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, when an improper work practice or a control equipment failure is identified, first efforts at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after identification and repair shall be completed within 15 calendar days after identification.
- (e) **Individual drain systems.** For each individual drain system that receives or manages affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of [paragraphs (e)](#e) (1), (2), and (3) or with [paragraphs (e)](#e) (4), (5), and (6) of this section.
  - (1) If the owner or operator elects to comply with this paragraph, the owner or operator shall operate and maintain on each opening in the individual drain system a cover and if vented, route the vapors to a process or through a closed-vent system to a control device. The owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of [paragraphs (e)(1)](#e-1) (i) through (v) of this section.
    - (i) The cover and all openings shall meet the following requirements:
      - (A) Except as provided in [paragraph (e)(1)(iv)](#e-1-iv) of this section, the cover and all openings (e.g., access hatches, sampling ports) shall be maintained in accordance with the requirements specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
      - (B) The cover and all openings shall be maintained in a closed position at all times that affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater is in the drain system except when it is necessary to use the opening for sampling or removal, or for equipment inspection, maintenance, or repair.
    - (ii) The control device shall be designed, operated, and inspected in accordance with [paragraph (h)](#h) of this section.
    - (iii) Except as provided in [paragraph (e)(1)(iv)](#e-1-iv) of this section, the closed-vent system shall be inspected in accordance with [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
    - (iv) For any cover and closed-vent system that is operated and maintained under negative pressure, the owner or operator is not required to comply with the requirements specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
    - (v) The individual drain system shall be designed and operated to segregate the vapors within the system from other drain systems and the atmosphere.
  - (2) Each individual drain system shall be inspected initially, and semiannually thereafter, for improper work practices and control equipment failures, in accordance with [§ 63.1258(g)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=g).
    - (i) For individual drain systems, improper work practice includes, but is not limited to, leaving open any access hatch or other opening when such hatch or opening is not in use for sampling or removal, or for equipment inspection, maintenance, or repair.
    - (ii) For individual drain systems, control equipment failure includes, but is not limited to, any time a joint, lid, cover, or door has a gap or crack, or is broken.
  - (3) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, when an improper work practice or a control equipment failure is identified, first efforts at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after identification and repair shall be completed within 15 calendar days after identification.
  - (4) If the owner or operator elects to comply with this paragraph, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in [paragraphs (e)(4)](#e-4) (i) through (iii) of this section:
    - (i) Each drain shall be equipped with water seal controls or a tightly fitting cap or plug. The owner or operator shall comply with paragraphs [(e)(4)(i)(A)](#e-4-i-A) and [(B)](#e-4-i-B) of this section.
      - (A) For each drain equipped with a water seal, the owner or operator shall ensure that the water seal is maintained. For example, a flow-monitoring device indicating positive flow from a main to a branch water line supplying a trap or water being continuously dripped into the trap by a hose could be used to verify flow of water to the trap. Visual observation is also an acceptable alternative.
      - (B) If a water seal is used on a drain receiving affected wastewater, the owner or operator shall either extend the pipe discharging the wastewater below the liquid surface in the water seal of the receiving drain, or install a flexible shield (or other enclosure which restricts wind motion across the open area between the pipe and the drain) that encloses the space between the pipe discharging the wastewater to the drain receiving the wastewater. (Water seals which are used on hubs receiving wastewater that is not subject to the provisions of this subpart for the purpose of eliminating cross ventilation to drains carrying affected wastewater are not required to have a flexible shield or extended subsurface discharging pipe.)
    - (ii) Each junction box shall be equipped with a tightly fitting solid cover (i.e., no visible gaps, cracks, or holes) which shall be kept in place at all times except during inspection and maintenance. If the junction box is vented, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in [paragraph (e)(4)(ii)](#e-4-ii) (A) or (B) of this section.
      - (A) The junction box shall be vented to a process or through a closed-vent system to a control device. The closed-vent system shall be inspected in accordance with the requirements of [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h) and the control device shall be designed, operated, and inspected in accordance with the requirements of [paragraph (h)](#h) of this section.
      - (B) If the junction box is filled and emptied by gravity flow (i.e., there is no pump) or is operated with no more than slight fluctuations in the liquid level, the owner or operator may vent the junction box to the atmosphere provided that the junction box complies with the requirements in [paragraphs (e)(4)(ii)(B)](#e-4-ii-B) (1) and (2) of this section.

        (1) The vent pipe shall be at least 90 centimeters in length and no greater than 10.2 centimeters in nominal inside diameter.

        (2) Water seals shall be installed and maintained at the wastewater entrance(s) to or exit from the junction box restricting ventilation in the individual drain system and between components in the individual drain system. The owner or operator shall demonstrate (e.g., by visual inspection or smoke test) upon request by the Administrator that the junction box water seal is properly designed and restricts ventilation.

    - (iii) The owner or operator shall operate and maintain sewer lines as specified in paragraphs [(e)(4)(iii)(A)](#e-4-iii-A) and [(B)](#e-4-iii-B) of this section.
      - (A) Except as specified in [paragraph (e)(4)(iii)(B)](#e-4-iii-B) of this section, each sewer line shall not be open to the atmosphere and shall be covered or enclosed in a manner so as to have no visible gaps or cracks in joints, seals, or other emission interfaces.
      - (B) A sewer line connected to drains that are in compliance with [paragraph (e)(4)(i)](#e-4-i) of this section may be vented to the atmosphere, provided that the sewer line entrance to the first downstream junction box is water sealed and the sewer line vent pipe is designed as specified in paragraph (e)(4)(ii)(B)(1) of this section.
  - (5) Equipment used to comply with [paragraphs (e)(4)](#e-4) (i), (ii), or (iii) of this section shall be inspected as follows:
    - (i) Each drain using a tightly fitting cap or plug shall be visually inspected initially, and semiannually thereafter, to ensure caps or plugs are in place and that there are no gaps, cracks, or other holes in the cap or plug.
    - (ii) Each junction box shall be visually inspected initially, and semiannually thereafter, to ensure that there are no gaps, cracks, or other holes in the cover.
    - (iii) The unburied portion of each sewer line shall be visually inspected initially, and semiannually thereafter, for indication of cracks or gaps that could result in air emissions.
  - (6) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, when a gap, hole, or crack is identified in a joint or cover, first efforts at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after identification, and repair shall be completed within 15 calendar days after identification.
- (f) **Oil-water separators.** For each oil-water separator that receives, manages, or treats affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of [paragraphs (f)(1) through (6)](#f-1..f-6) of this section.
  - (1) The owner or operator shall maintain one of the following:
    - (i) A fixed roof and a closed-vent system that routes the organic HAP vapors vented from the oil-water separator to a control device. The fixed roof, closed-vent system, and control device shall meet the requirements specified in [paragraph (f)(2)](#f-2) of this section;
    - (ii) A floating roof that meets the requirements in 40 CFR [60.693-2(a)(1)(i)](/cfr/40/60.693-2.md?p=a-1-i), [(a)(1)(ii)](/cfr/40/60.693-2.md?p=a-1-ii), [(a)(2)](/cfr/40/60.693-2.md?p=a-a-2), [(a)(3)](/cfr/40/60.693-2.md?p=a-a-3), and [(a)(4)](/cfr/40/60.693-2.md?p=a-a-4). For portions of the oil-water separator where it is infeasible to construct and operate a floating roof, such as over the weir mechanism, the owner or operator shall operate and maintain a fixed roof, closed-vent system, and control device that meet the requirements specified in [paragraph (f)(2)](#f-2) of this section.
  - (2) A fixed roof shall meet the requirements of [paragraph (f)(2)(i)](#f-2-i) of this section, a control device shall meet the requirements of [paragraph (f)(2)(ii)](#f-2-ii) of this section, and a closed-vent system shall meet the requirements of (f)(2)(iii) of this section.
    - (i) The fixed roof shall meet the following requirements:
      - (A) Except as provided in (f)(2)(iv) of this section, the fixed roof and all openings (e.g., access hatches, sampling ports, and gauge wells) shall be maintained in accordance with the requirements specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
      - (B) Each opening shall be maintained in a closed, sealed position (e.g., covered by a lid that is gasketed and latched) at all times that the oil-water separator contains affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater except when it is necessary to use the opening for sampling or removal, or for equipment inspection, maintenance, or repair.
    - (ii) The control device shall be designed, operated, and inspected in accordance with the requirements of [paragraph (h)](#h) of this section.
    - (iii) Except as provided in [paragraph (f)(2)(iv)](#f-2-iv) of this section, the closed-vent system shall be inspected in accordance with the requirements of [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
    - (iv) For any fixed-roof and closed-vent system that is operated and maintained under negative pressure, the owner or operator is not required to comply with the requirements of [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h).
  - (3) If the owner or operator elects to comply with the requirements of [paragraph (f)(1)(ii)](#f-1-ii) of this section, seal gaps shall be measured according to the procedures specified in [40 CFR part 60](/cfr/40/part60.md), [subpart QQQ](/cfr/40/subpartQQQ.md) [§ 60.696(d)(1)](/cfr/40/60.696.md?p=d-1) and the schedule specified in paragraphs [(f)(3)(i)](#f-3-i) and [(ii)](#f-3-ii) of this section.
    - (i) Measurement of primary seal gaps shall be performed within 60 calendar days after installation of the floating roof and introduction of affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater and once every 5 years thereafter.
    - (ii) Measurement of secondary seal gaps shall be performed within 60 calendar days after installation of the floating roof and introduction of affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater and once every year thereafter.
  - (4) Each oil-water separator shall be inspected initially, and semiannually thereafter, for improper work practices in accordance with [§ 63.1258(g)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=g). For oil-water separators, improper work practice includes, but is not limited to, leaving open or ungasketed any access door or other opening when such door or opening is not in use.
  - (5) Each oil-water separator shall be inspected for control equipment failures as defined in [paragraph (f)(5)(i)](#f-5-i) of this section according to the schedule specified in paragraphs [(f)(5)(ii)](#f-5-ii) and [(iii)](#f-5-iii) of this section.
    - (i) For oil-water separators, control equipment failure includes, but is not limited to, the conditions specified in [paragraphs (f)(5)(i)(A) through (G)](#f-5-i-A..f-5-i-G) of this section.
      - (A) **The floating roof is not resting on either the surface of the liquid or on the leg supports.**
      - (B) **There is stored liquid on the floating roof.**
      - (C) **A rim seal is detached from the floating roof.**
      - (D) **There are holes, tears, or other open spaces in the rim seal or seal fabric of the floating roof.**
      - (E) There are gaps between the primary seal and the separator wall that exceed 67 square centimeters per meter of separator wall perimeter or the width of any portion of any gap between the primary seal and the separator wall exceeds 3.8 centimeters.
      - (F) There are gaps between the secondary seal and the separator wall that exceed 6.7 square centimeters per meter of separator wall perimeter or the width of any portion of any gap between the secondary seal and the separator wall exceeds 1.3 centimeters.
      - (G) **A gasket, joint, lid, cover, or door has a gap or crack, or is broken.**
    - (ii) The owner or operator shall inspect for the control equipment failures in [paragraphs (f)(5)(i)(A) through (F)](#f-5-i-A..f-5-i-F) according to the schedule specified in [paragraph (f)(3)](#f-3) of this section.
    - (iii) The owner or operator shall inspect for control equipment failures in [paragraph (f)(5)(i)(G)](#f-5-i-G) of this section initially, and semiannually thereafter.
  - (6) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, when an improper work practice or a control equipment failure is identified, first efforts at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after identification and repair shall be completed within 45 calendar days after identification.
- (g) **Performance standards for treatment processes managing wastewater and/or residuals removed from wastewater.** This section specifies the performance standards for treating affected wastewater. The owner or operator shall comply with the requirements as specified in [paragraphs (g)(1) through (6)](#g-1..g-6) of this section. Where multiple compliance options are provided, the options may be used in combination for different wastewater and/or for different compounds (e.g., soluble versus partially soluble compounds) in the same wastewater, except where otherwise provided in this section. Once affected wastewater or a residual removed from affected wastewater has been treated in accordance with this subpart, it is no longer subject to the requirements of this subpart.
  - (1) **Existing source.** For a wastewater stream at an existing source that exceeds or is designated to exceed the concentration and load criteria in [paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A)](#a-1-i-A) of this section, the owner or operator shall comply with a control option in [paragraph (g)(8)](#g-8) of this section. For a wastewater stream at an existing source that exceeds the concentration and load criteria in either paragraph [(a)(1)(i)(B)](#a-1-i-B) or [(C)](#a-1-i-C) of this section, the owner or operator shall comply with a control option in [paragraph (g)(8)](#g-8) of this section and a control option in [paragraph (g)(9)](#g-9) of this section. As an alternative to the control options in paragraphs [(g)(8)](#g-8) and [(g)(9)](#g-9) of this section, the owner or operator may comply with a control option in either paragraph [(g)(10)](#g-10), [(11)](#g-11) or [(13)](#g-13) of this section, as applicable.
  - (2) **New source.** For a wastewater stream at a new source that exceeds or is designated to exceed the concentration and load criteria in [paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A)](#a-1-i-A) of this section, the owner or operator shall comply with a control option in [paragraph (g)(8)](#g-8) of this section. For wastewater at a new source that exceeds the concentration and load criteria in either paragraph [(a)(1)(i)(B)](#a-1-i-B) or [(C)](#a-1-i-C) of this section, but does not exceed the criteria in [paragraph (a)(1)(i)(D)](#a-1-i-D) of this section, the owner or operator shall comply with a control option in [paragraph (g)(8)](#g-8) of this section and a control option in [paragraph (g)(9)](#g-9) of this section. As an alternative to the control options in [paragraphs (g)(8)](#g-8) and/or (9) of this section, the owner or operator may comply with a control option in either paragraph [(g)(10)](#g-10), [(11)](#g-11), or [(13)](#g-13) of this section, as applicable. For a wastewater stream at a new source that exceeds or is designated to exceed the concentration and load criteria in [paragraph (a)(1)(i)(D)](#a-1-i-D) of this section, the owner or operator shall comply with a control option in paragraph [(g)(12)](#g-12) or [(13)](#g-13) of this section.
  - (3) **Biological treatment processes.** Biological treatment processes in compliance with this section may be either open or closed biological treatment processes as defined in [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md). An open biological treatment process in compliance with this section need not be covered and vented to a control device. An open or a closed biological treatment process in compliance with this section and using § [63.1257(e)(2)(iii)(E)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-E) or [(F)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-F) to demonstrate compliance is not subject to the requirements of paragraphs [(b)](#b) and [(c)](#c) of this section. A closed biological treatment process in compliance with this section and using [§ 63.1257(e)(2)(iii)(G)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-G) to demonstrate compliance shall comply with the requirements of paragraphs [(b)](#b) and [(c)](#c) of this section. Waste management units upstream of an open or closed biological treatment process shall meet the requirements of [paragraphs (b) through (f)](#b..f) of this section, as applicable.
  - (4) **Performance tests and design evaluations.** If the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) option [[paragraph (g)(13)](#g-13) of this section] or the enhanced biological treatment process for soluble HAP compounds option [[paragraph (g)(10)](#g-10) of this section] is selected to comply with this section, neither a design evaluation nor a performance test is required. For any other nonbiological treatment process, and for closed biological treatment processes as defined in [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md), the owner or operator shall conduct either a design evaluation as specified in [§ 63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) or performance test as specified in [§ 63.1257(e)(2)(iii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii). For each open biological treatment process as defined in [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md), the owner or operator shall conduct a performance test as specified in § [63.1257(e)(2)(iii)(E)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-E) or [(F)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-F).
  - (5) **Control device requirements.** When gases are vented from the treatment process, the owner or operator shall comply with the applicable control device requirements specified in [paragraph (h)](#h) of this section and [§ 63.1257(e)(3)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-3), and the applicable leak inspection provisions specified in [§ 63.1258(h)](/cfr/40/63.1258.md?p=h). This requirement is in addition to the requirements for treatment systems specified in [paragraphs (g)(8) through (14)](#g-8..g-14) of this section. This requirement does not apply to any open biological treatment process that meets the mass removal requirements.
  - (6) **Residuals: general.** When residuals result from treating affected wastewater, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements for residuals specified in [paragraph (g)(14)](#g-14) of this section.
  - (7) **Treatment using a series of treatment processes.** In all cases where the wastewater provisions in this subpart allow or require the use of a treatment process or control device to comply with emissions limitations, the owner or operator may use multiple treatment processes or control devices, respectively. For combinations of treatment processes where the wastewater stream is conveyed by hard-piping, the owner or operator shall comply with either the requirements of paragraph [(g)(7)(i)](#g-7-i) or [(ii)](#g-7-ii) of this section. For combinations of treatment processes where the wastewater stream is not conveyed by hard-piping, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of [paragraph (g)(7)(ii)](#g-7-ii) of this section. For combinations of control devices, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of [paragraph (g)(7)(i)](#g-7-i) of this section.
    - (i) **Compliance across the combination of all treatment units or control devices in series.**
      - (A) For combinations of treatment processes, the wastewater stream shall be conveyed by hard-piping between the treatment processes. For combinations of control devices, the vented gas stream shall be conveyed by hard-piping between the control devices.
      - (B) For combinations of treatment processes, each treatment process shall meet the applicable requirements of [paragraphs (b) through (f)](#b..f) of this section, except as provided in [paragraph (g)(3)](#g-3) of this section.
      - (C) The owner or operator shall identify, and keep a record of, the combination of treatment processes or of control devices, including identification of the first and last treatment process or control device. The owner or operator shall include this information as part of the treatment process description reported in the Notification of Compliance Status.
      - (D) The performance test or design evaluation shall determine compliance across the combination of treatment processes or control devices. If a performance test is conducted, the “inlet” shall be the point at which the wastewater stream or residual enters the first treatment process, or the vented gas stream enters the first control device. The “outlet” shall be the point at which the treated wastewater stream exits the last treatment process, or the vented gas stream exits the last control device.
    - (ii) **Compliance across individual units.**
      - (A) For combinations of treatment processes, each treatment process shall meet the applicable requirements of [paragraphs (b) through (f)](#b..f) of this section except as provided in [paragraph (g)(3)](#g-3) of this section.
      - (B) The owner or operator shall identify, and keep a record of, the combination of treatment processes, including identification of the first and last treatment process. The owner or operator shall include this information as part of the treatment process description reported in the Notification of Compliance Status report.
      - (C) The owner or operator shall determine the mass removed or destroyed by each treatment process. The performance test or design evaluation shall determine compliance for the combination of treatment processes by adding together the mass removed or destroyed by each treatment process and determine the overall control efficiency of the treatment system.
  - (8) **Control options: Wastewater containing partially soluble HAP compounds.** The owner or operator shall comply with either paragraph [(g)(8)(i)](#g-8-i) or [(ii)](#g-8-ii) of this section for the control of partially soluble HAP compounds at new or existing sources.
    - (i) **50 ppmw concentration option.** The owner or operator shall comply with paragraphs [(g)(8)(i)(A)](#g-8-i-A) and [(B)](#g-8-i-B) of this section.
      - (A) Reduce, by removal or destruction, the concentration of total partially soluble HAP compounds to a level less than 50 ppmw as determined by the procedures specified in [§ 63.1257(e)(2)(iii)(B)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-B).
      - (B) This option shall not be used when the treatment process is a biological treatment process. This option shall not be used when the wastewater is designated as an affected wastewater as specified in [paragraph (a)(1)(ii)](#a-1-ii) of this section. Dilution shall not be used to achieve compliance with this option.
    - (ii) **Percent mass removal/destruction option.** The owner or operator shall reduce, by removal or destruction, the mass of total partially soluble HAP compounds by 99 percent or more. The removal destruction efficiency shall be determined by the procedures specified in § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) or [(iii)(C)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-iii-C) for noncombustion, nonbiological treatment processes; § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) or [(iii)(D)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-iii-D) for combustion processes; [§ 63.1257(e)(2)(iii)(F)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-F) for open biological treatment processes; and § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) or [(iii)(G)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-iii-G) for closed biological treatment processes.
  - (9) **Control options: Wastewater containing soluble HAP compounds.** The owner or operator shall comply with either paragraph [(g)(9)(i)](#g-9-i) or [(ii)](#g-9-ii) of this section for the control of soluble HAP compounds at new or existing sources.
    - (i) **520 ppmw concentration option.** The owner or operator shall comply with paragraphs [(g)(9)(i)(A)](#g-9-i-A) and [(B)](#g-9-i-B) of this section.
      - (A) Reduce, by removal or destruction, the concentration of total soluble HAP compounds to a level less than 520 ppmw as determined in the procedures specified in [§ 63.1257(e)(2)(iii)(B)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-B).
      - (B) This option shall not be used when the treatment process is a biological treatment process. This option shall not be used when the wastewater is designated as an affected wastewater as specified in [paragraph (a)(1)(ii)](#a-1-ii) of this section. Dilution shall not be used to achieve compliance with this option.
    - (ii) **Percent mass removal/destruction option.** The owner or operator shall reduce the mass of total soluble HAP by 90 percent or more, either by removal or destruction. The removal/destruction efficiency shall be determined by the procedures in § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) or [(e)(2)(iii)(C)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-C) for noncombustion, nonbiological treatment processes; § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) or [(e)(2)(iii)(D)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-D) for combustion processes; [§ 63.1257(e)(2)(iii)(F)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-F) for open biological treatment processes; and § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) or [(e)(2)(iii)(G)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-G) for closed, biological treatment processes.
  - (10) **Control option: Enhanced biotreatment for wastewater containing soluble HAP.** The owner or operator may elect to treat affected wastewater streams containing soluble HAP in an enhanced biological treatment system, as defined in [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md), provided the wastewater stream contains less than 50 ppmw partially soluble HAP, or the owner or operator complies with the requirements of [paragraph (g)(8)](#g-8) of this section before treating the affected wastewater stream in the enhanced biological treatment system. This option shall not be used when the wastewater is designated as an affected wastewater as specified in [paragraph (a)(1)(ii)](#a-1-ii) of this section. These treatment processes are exempt from the design evaluation or performance tests requirements specified in [paragraph (g)(4)](#g-4) of this section.
  - (11) **95-percent mass reduction option, for biological treatment processes.** The owner or operator of a new or existing source using biological treatment for any affected wastewater shall reduce the mass of total soluble and partially soluble HAP sent to that biological treatment unit by at least 95 percent. All wastewater as defined in [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md) entering such a biological treatment unit from PMPU's subject to this subpart shall be included in the demonstration of the 95-percent mass removal. The owner or operator shall comply with [paragraphs (g)(11)(i) through (iv)](#g-11-i..g-11-iv) of this section.
    - (i) Except as provided in [paragraph (g)(11)(iv)](#g-11-iv) of this section, the owner or operator shall ensure that all wastewater from PMPU's subject to this subpart entering a biological treatment unit are treated to destroy at least 95-percent total mass of all soluble and partially soluble HAP compounds.
    - (ii) For open biological treatment processes, compliance shall be determined using the procedures specified in [§ 63.1257(e)(2)(iii)(E)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-E). For closed aerobic biological treatment processes, compliance shall be determined using the procedures specified in § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii), [(iii)(E)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-iii-E), or [(iii)(G)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-iii-G). For closed anaerobic biological treatment processes, compliance shall be determined using the procedures specified in § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) or [(iii)(G)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-iii-G).
    - (iii) For each treatment process or waste management unit that receives, manages, or treats wastewater subject to this paragraph, from the POD to the biological treatment unit, the owner or operator shall comply with [paragraphs (b) through (f)](#b..f) of this section for control of air emissions. When complying with this paragraph, the term affected wastewater in [paragraphs (b) through (f)](#b..f) of this section shall mean all wastewater from PMPU's, not just affected wastewater.
    - (iv) If wastewater is in compliance with the requirements in paragraph [(g)(8)](#g-8), [(9)](#g-9), or [(12)](#g-12) of this section before entering the biological treatment unit, the hazardous air pollutants mass of that wastewater is not required to be included in the total mass flow rate entering the biological treatment unit for the purpose of demonstrating compliance.
  - (12) **Percent mass removal/destruction option for soluble HAP compounds at new sources.** The owner or operator of a new source shall reduce, by removal or destruction, the mass flow rate of total soluble HAP from affected wastewater by 99 percent or more. The removal/destruction efficiency shall be determined by the procedures in § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) or [(iii)(C)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-iii-C) for noncombustion, nonbiological treatment processes; § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) and [(iii)(D)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-iii-D) for combustion processes; [§ 63.1257(e)(2)(iii)(F)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-F) for open biological treatment processes; and § [63.1257(e)(2)(ii)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-ii) or [(iii)(G)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-iii-G) for closed biological treatment processes.
  - (13) **Treatment in a RCRA unit option.** The owner or operator shall treat the affected wastewater or residual in a unit identified in, and complying with, paragraph [(g)(13)(i)](#g-13-i), [(ii)](#g-13-ii), or [(iii)](#g-13-iii) of this section. These units are exempt from the design evaluation or performance tests requirements specified in [paragraph (g)(4)](#g-4) of this section and [§ 63.1257(e)(2)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2), and from the monitoring requirements specified in [paragraph (a)(2)(iii)](#a-2-iii) of this section, as well as recordkeeping and reporting requirements associated with monitoring and performance tests.
    - (i) The wastewater or residual is discharged to a hazardous waste incinerator for which the owner or operator has been issued a final permit under [40 CFR part 270](/cfr/40/part270.md) and complies with the requirements of [40 CFR part 264](/cfr/40/part264.md), [subpart O](/cfr/40/subpartO.md), or has certified compliance with the interim status requirements of [40 CFR part 265](/cfr/40/part265.md), [subpart O](/cfr/40/subpartO.md);
    - (ii) The wastewater or residual is discharged to a process heater or boiler burning hazardous waste for which the owner or operator:
      - (A) Has been issued a final permit under [40 CFR part 270](/cfr/40/part270.md) and complies with the requirements of [40 CFR part 266](/cfr/40/part266.md), [subpart H](/cfr/40/subpartH.md); or
      - (B) **Has certified compliance with the interim status requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H.**
    - (iii) The wastewater or residual is discharged to an underground injection well for which the owner or operator has been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part [270](/cfr/40/part270.md) or [40](/cfr/40/part40.md) CFR [part 144](/cfr/40/part144.md) and complies with the requirements of [40 CFR part 122](/cfr/40/part122.md). The owner or operator shall comply with all applicable requirements of this subpart prior to the point where the wastewater enters the underground portion of the injection well.
  - (14) **Residuals.** For each residual removed from affected wastewater, the owner or operator shall control for air emissions by complying with [paragraphs (b) through (f)](#b..f) of this section and by complying with one of the provisions in [paragraphs (g)(14)(i) through (iv)](#g-14-i..g-14-iv) of this section.
    - (i) **Recycle the residual to a production process or sell the residual for the purpose of recycling.** Once a residual is returned to a production process, the residual is no longer subject to this section.
    - (ii) **Return the residual to the treatment process.**
    - (iii) Treat the residual to destroy the total combined mass flow rate of soluble and/or partially soluble HAP compounds by 99 percent or more, as determined by the procedures specified in § [63.1257(e)(2)(iii)(C)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-C) or [(D)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-2-iii-D).
    - (iv) Comply with the requirements for RCRA treatment options specified in [paragraph (g)(13)](#g-13) of this section.
- (h) **Control devices.** For each control device or combination of control devices used to comply with the provisions in paragraphs [(b) through (f)](#b..f) and [(g)(5)](#g-5) of this section, the owner or operator shall operate and maintain the control device or combination of control devices in accordance with the requirements of [paragraphs (h)(1) through (5)](#h-1..h-5) of this section.
  - (1) Whenever organic HAP emissions are vented to a control device which is used to comply with the provisions of this subpart, such control device shall be operating.
  - (2) The control device shall be designed and operated in accordance with [paragraph (h)(2)](#h-2) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), or (v) of this section, as demonstrated by the provisions in [§ 63.1257(e)(3)](/cfr/40/63.1257.md?p=e-3).
    - (i) An enclosed combustion device (including but not limited to a vapor incinerator, boiler, or process heater) shall meet the conditions in [paragraph (h)(2)(i)](#h-2-i) (A), (B), or (C) of this section, alone or in combination with other control devices. If a boiler or process heater is used as the control device, then the vent stream shall be introduced into the flame zone of the boiler or process heater.
      - (A) Reduce the organic HAP emissions vented to the control device by 95 percent by weight or greater;
      - (B) **Achieve an outlet TOC concentration of 20 ppmv on a dry basis corrected to 3 percent oxygen.** The owner or operator shall use either Method 18 of [40 CFR part 60](/cfr/40/part60.md), appendix A, or any other method or data that has been validated according to the applicable procedures in Method 301 of appendix A of this part; or
      - (C) Provide a minimum residence time of 0.5 seconds at a minimum temperature of 760 °C.
    - (ii) A vapor recovery system (including but not limited to a carbon adsorption system or condenser), alone or in combination with other control devices, shall reduce the organic HAP emissions vented to the control device by 95 percent by weight or greater or achieve an outlet TOC concentration of 20 ppmv. The 20 ppmv performance standard is not applicable to compliance with the provisions of paragraphs [(c)](#c) or [(d)](#d) of this section.
    - (iii) A flare shall comply with the requirements of [§ 63.11(b)](/cfr/40/63.11.md?p=b).
    - (iv) A scrubber, alone or in combination with other control devices, shall reduce the organic HAP emissions in such a manner that 95 weight-percent is either removed, or destroyed by chemical reaction with the scrubbing liquid, or achieve an outlet TOC concentration of 20 ppmv. The 20 ppmv performance standard is not applicable to compliance with the provisions of paragraphs [(c)](#c) or [(d)](#d) of this section.
    - (v) Any other control device used shall, alone or in combination with other control devices, reduce the organic HAP emissions vented to the control device by 95 percent by weight or greater or achieve an outlet TOC concentration of 20 ppmv. The 20 ppmv performance standard is not applicable to compliance with the provisions of paragraphs [(c)](#c) or [(d)](#d) of this section.
  - (3) If the control device is a combustion device, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in [§ 63.1252(g)](/cfr/40/63.1252.md?p=g) to control halogenated vent streams.
  - (4) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, if gaps, cracks, tears, or holes are observed in ductwork, piping, or connections to covers and control devices during an inspection, a first effort to repair shall be made as soon as practical but no later than 5 calendar days after identification. Repair shall be completed no later than 15 calendar days after identification or discovery of the defect.
  - (5) The provisions in [paragraphs (h)(1) through (4)](#h-1..h-4) of this section apply at all times, except as specified in [§ 63.1250(g)](/cfr/40/63.1250.md?p=g). The owner or operator may not comply with the planned routine maintenance provisions in [§ 63.1252(h)](/cfr/40/63.1252.md?p=h) for vent streams from waste management units.
    - (i) **Delay of repair.** Delay of repair of equipment for which a control equipment failure or a gap, crack, tear, or hole has been identified, is allowed if the repair is technically infeasible without a shutdown, as defined in [§ 63.1251](/cfr/40/63.1251.md), or if the owner or operator determines that emissions of purged material from immediate repair would be greater than the emissions likely to result from delay of repair. Repair of this equipment shall occur by the end of the next shutdown.
  - (1) Delay of repair of equipment for which a control equipment failure or a gap, crack, tear, or hole has been identified, is allowed if the equipment is emptied or is no longer used to treat or manage affected wastewater or residuals removed from affected wastewater.
  - (2) Delay of repair of equipment for which a control equipment failure or a gap, crack, tear, or hole has been identified is also allowed if additional time is necessary due to the unavailability of parts beyond the control of the owner or operator. Repair shall be completed as soon as practical. The owner or operator who uses this provision shall comply with the requirements of [§ 63.1259(h)](/cfr/40/63.1259.md?p=h) to document the reasons that the delay of repair was necessary.