---
kind: "range"
citation: "40 C.F.R. §§ 1060.102–1060.105"
title: "40"
from: "1060.102"
to: "1060.105"
count: 4
url: "https://uscodex.org/cfr/40/1060.102..1060.105"
---

# §1060.102. What permeation emission control requirements apply for fuel lines?

- (a) Nonmetal fuel lines must meet permeation requirements as follows:
  - (1) Marine SI fuel lines, including fuel lines associated with outboard engines or portable marine fuel tanks, must meet the permeation requirements in this section.
  - (2) Large SI fuel lines must meet the permeation requirements specified in [40 CFR 1048.105](/cfr/40/1048.105.md).
  - (3) Fuel lines for recreational vehicles must meet the permeation requirements specified in [40 CFR 1051.110](/cfr/40/1051.110.md) or in this section.
  - (4) Small SI fuel lines must meet the permeation requirements in this section, unless they are installed in equipment certified to meet diurnal emission standards under [§ 1060.105(e)](/cfr/40/1060.105.md?p=e).
- (b) Different categories of nonroad equipment are subject to different requirements with respect to fuel line permeation. Fuel lines are classified based on measured emissions over the test procedure specified for the class.
- (c) The regulations in [40 CFR part 1048](/cfr/40/part1048.md) require that fuel lines used with Large SI engines must meet the standards for EPA Low-Emission Fuel Lines. The regulations in [40 CFR part 1054](/cfr/40/part1054.md) require that fuel lines used with handheld Small SI engines installed in cold-weather equipment must meet the standards for EPA Cold-Weather Fuel Lines. Unless specified otherwise in this subchapter U, fuel lines used with all other engines and equipment subject to the provisions of this part 1060, including fuel lines associated with outboard engines or portable marine fuel tanks, must meet the standards for EPA Nonroad Fuel Lines.
- (d) **The following standards apply for each fuel line classification—**
  - (1) EPA Low-Emission Fuel Lines must have permeation emissions at or below 10 g/m 2/day when measured according to the test procedure described in [§ 1060.510](/cfr/40/1060.510.md). Fuel lines that comply with this emission standard are deemed to comply with all the emission standards specified in this section.
  - (2) EPA Nonroad Fuel Lines must have permeation emissions at or below 15 g/m 2/day when measured according to the test procedure described in [§ 1060.515](/cfr/40/1060.515.md).
  - (3) EPA Cold-Weather Fuel Lines must meet the following permeation emission standards when measured according to the test procedure described in [§ 1060.515](/cfr/40/1060.515.md):
- (e) You may certify fuel lines as follow:
  - (1) You may certify straight-run fuel lines as sections of any length.
  - (2) You may certify molded fuel lines in any configuration representing your actual production, subject to the provisions for selecting a worst-case configuration in [§ 1060.235(b)](/cfr/40/1060.235.md?p=b).
  - (3) You may certify fuel line assemblies as aggregated systems that include multiple sections of fuel line with connectors and fittings. For example, you may certify fuel lines for portable marine fuel tanks as assemblies of fuel hose, primer bulbs, and self-sealing end connections. The length of such an assembly must not be longer than a typical in-use installation and must always be less than 2.5 meters long. You may also certify primer bulbs separately. The standard applies with respect to the total permeation emissions divided by the wetted internal surface area of the assembly. Where it is not practical to determine the actual internal surface area of the assembly, you may assume that the internal surface area per unit length of the assembly is equal to the ratio of internal surface area per unit length of the hose section of the assembly.

# §1060.103. What permeation emission control requirements apply for fuel tanks?

- (a) Fuel tanks must meet permeation requirements as follows:
  - (1) Marine SI fuel tanks, including engine-mounted fuel tanks and portable marine fuel tanks, must meet the permeation requirements in this section.
  - (2) Large SI fuel tanks must meet diurnal emission standards as specified in [§ 1060.105](/cfr/40/1060.105.md), which includes measurement of permeation emissions. No separate permeation standard applies.
  - (3) Fuel tanks for recreational vehicles must meet the permeation requirements specified in [40 CFR 1051.110](/cfr/40/1051.110.md) or in this section.
  - (4) Small SI fuel tanks must meet the permeation requirements in this section unless they are installed in equipment certified to meet diurnal emission standards under [§ 1060.105(e)](/cfr/40/1060.105.md?p=e).
- (b) Permeation emissions from fuel tanks may not exceed 1.5 g/m 2/day when measured at a nominal temperature of 28 °C with the test procedures for tank permeation in [§ 1060.520](/cfr/40/1060.520.md). You may also choose to meet a standard of 2.5 g/m 2/day if you perform testing at a nominal temperature of 40 °C under [§ 1060.520(d)](/cfr/40/1060.520.md?p=d).
- (c) The exhaust standard-setting part may allow for certification of fuel tanks to a family emission limit for calculating evaporative emission credits as described in subpart H of this part instead of meeting the emission standards in this section.
- (d) For purposes of this part, fuel tanks do not include fuel lines that are subject to [§ 1060.102](/cfr/40/1060.102.md), petcocks designed for draining fuel, grommets used with fuel lines, or grommets used with other hose or tubing excluded from the definition of “fuel line.” Fuel tanks include other fittings (such as fuel caps, gaskets, and O-rings) that are directly mounted to the fuel tank.
- (e) Fuel caps may be certified separately relative to the permeation emission standard in [paragraph (b)](#b) of this section using the test procedures specified in [§ 1060.521](/cfr/40/1060.521.md). Fuel caps certified alone do not need to meet the emission standard. Rather, fuel caps would be certified with a Family Emission Limit, which is used for demonstrating that fuel tanks meet the emission standard as described in [§ 1060.520(b)(5)](/cfr/40/1060.520.md?p=b-5). For the purposes of this [paragraph (e)](#e), gaskets or O-rings that are produced as part of an assembly with the fuel cap are considered part of the fuel cap.
- (f) Metal fuel tanks that meet the permeation criteria in [§ 1060.240(d)(2)](/cfr/40/1060.240.md?p=d-2) or use certified nonmetal fuel caps will be deemed to be certified as in conformity with the requirements of this section without submitting an application for certification.

# §1060.104. What running loss emission control requirements apply?

- (a) Engines and equipment must meet running loss requirements as follows:
  - (1) **Marine SI engines and vessels are not subject to running loss emission standards.**
  - (2) Large SI engines and equipment must prevent fuel boiling during operation as specified in [40 CFR 1048.105](/cfr/40/1048.105.md).
  - (3) **Recreational vehicles are not subject to running loss emission standards.**
  - (4) Nonhandheld Small SI engines and equipment that are not used in wintertime equipment must meet running loss requirements described in this section. Handheld Small SI engines and equipment are not subject to running loss emission standards.
- (b) You must demonstrate control of running loss emissions in one of the following ways if your engines or equipment are subject to the requirements of this section:
  - (1) Route running loss emissions into the engine intake system so fuel vapors vented from the tank during engine operation are combusted in the engine. This may involve routing vapors through a carbon canister. If another company has certified the engine with respect to exhaust emissions, state in your application for certification that you have followed the engine manufacturer's installation instructions.
  - (2) **Use a fuel tank that remains sealed under normal operating conditions.** This may involve a bladder or other means to prevent pressurized fuel tanks.
  - (3) Get an approved executive order or other written approval from the California Air Resources Board showing that your system meets applicable running loss standards in California.
- (c) If you are subject to both running loss and diurnal emission standards, use good engineering judgment to ensure that the emission controls are compatible.

# §1060.105. What diurnal requirements apply for equipment?

- (a) Fuel tanks must meet diurnal emission requirements as follows:
  - (1) Marine SI fuel tanks, including engine-mounted fuel tanks and portable marine fuel tanks, must meet the requirements related to diurnal emissions specified in this section.
  - (2) Large SI fuel tanks must meet the requirements related to diurnal emissions specified in [40 CFR 1048.105](/cfr/40/1048.105.md).
  - (3) **Recreational vehicles are not subject to diurnal emission standards.**
  - (4) Small SI fuel tanks are not subject to diurnal emission standards, except as specified in [paragraph (e)](#e) of this section.
- (b) Diurnal emissions from Marine SI fuel tanks may not exceed 0.40 g/gal/day when measured using the test procedures specified in [§ 1060.525](/cfr/40/1060.525.md) for general fuel temperatures. An alternative standard of 0.16 g/gal/day applies for fuel tanks installed in nontrailerable boats when measured using the corresponding fuel temperature profile in [§ 1060.525](/cfr/40/1060.525.md). Portable marine fuel tanks are not subject to the requirements of this [paragraph (b)](#b), but must instead comply with the requirements of paragraphs [(c)](#c) and [(d)](#d) of this section.
- (c) Portable marine fuel tanks and associated fuel-system components must meet the following requirements:
  - (1) They must be self-sealing when detached from the engines. The tanks may not vent to the atmosphere when attached to an engine, except as allowed under [paragraph (c)(2)](#c-2) of this section. An integrated or external manually activated device may be included in the fuel tank design to temporarily relieve pressure before refueling or connecting the fuel tank to the engine. However, the default setting for such a vent must be consistent with the requirement in [paragraph (c)(2)](#c-2) of this section.
  - (2) They must remain sealed up to a positive pressure of 24.5 kPa (3.5 psig); however, they may contain air inlets that open when there is a vacuum pressure inside the tank. Such fuel tanks may not contain air outlets that vent to the atmosphere at pressures below 34.5 kPa (5.0 psig).
- (d) Detachable fuel lines that are intended for use with portable marine fuel tanks must have connection points that are self-sealing when not attached to the engine or fuel tank.
- (e) Manufacturers of nonhandheld Small SI equipment may optionally meet the diurnal emission standards adopted by the California Air Resources Board. To meet the requirement in this [paragraph (e)](#e), equipment must be certified to the performance standards specified in [Title 13](/cfr/13.md) California Code of Regulations (CCR) 2754(a) based on the applicable requirements specified in CP-902 and TP-902, including the requirements related to fuel caps in [Title 13](/cfr/13.md) CCR 2756. Equipment certified under this [paragraph (e)](#e) does not need to use fuel lines or fuel tanks that have been certified separately. Equipment certified under this [paragraph (e)](#e) are subject to all the referenced requirements in this [paragraph (e)](#e) as if these specifications were mandatory.
- (f) **The following general provisions apply for controlling diurnal emissions—**
  - (1) If you are subject to both running loss and diurnal emission standards, use good engineering judgment to ensure that the emission controls are compatible.
  - (2) You may not use diurnal emission controls that increase the occurrence of fuel spitback or spillage during in-use refueling. Also, if you use a carbon canister, you must incorporate design features that prevent liquid gasoline from reaching the canister during refueling or as a result of fuel sloshing or fuel expansion.
  - (3) You must meet the following provisions from ABYC H-25, July 2010 (incorporated by reference in [§ 1060.810](/cfr/40/1060.810.md)) with respect to portable marine fuel tanks:
    - (i) Provide information related to the pressure relief method (25.8.2.1 and 25.8.2.1.1).
    - (ii) Perform system testing (25.10 through 25.10.5).