---
kind: "section"
citation: "14 C.F.R. § 91.9"
title: "14"
number: "91.9"
heading: "Civil aircraft flight manual, marking, and placard requirements."
url: "https://uscodex.org/cfr/14/91.9"
---

# §91.9. Civil aircraft flight manual, marking, and placard requirements.

- (a) Except as provided in [paragraph (d)](#d) of this section, no person may operate a civil aircraft without complying with the operating limitations specified in the approved Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual, markings, and placards, or as otherwise prescribed by the certificating authority of the country of registry.
- (b) No person may operate a U.S.-registered civil aircraft—
  - (1) For which an Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual is required by [§ 21.5](/cfr/14/21.5.md) of this chapter unless there is available in the aircraft a current, approved Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual or the manual provided for in [§ 121.141(b)](/cfr/14/121.141.md?p=b); and
  - (2) For which an Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual is not required by [§ 21.5](/cfr/14/21.5.md) of this chapter, unless there is available in the aircraft a current approved Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual, approved manual material, markings, and placards, or any combination thereof.
- (c) No person may operate a U.S.-registered civil aircraft unless that aircraft is identified in accordance with part [45](/cfr/14/part45.md) or [48of](/cfr/14/part48of.md) this chapter.
- (d) Any person taking off or landing a helicopter certificated under [part 29](/cfr/14/part29.md) of this chapter at a heliport constructed over water may make such momentary flight as is necessary for takeoff or landing through the prohibited range of the limiting height-speed envelope established for the helicopter if that flight through the prohibited range takes place over water on which a safe ditching can be accomplished and if the helicopter is amphibious or is equipped with floats or other emergency flotation gear adequate to accomplish a safe emergency ditching on open water.

## Notes

### Amendments

[Docket 18334, 54 FR 34292, Aug. 18, 1989, as amended by ; Docket FAA-2022-1355, Amdt. 91-366, 87 FR 75846, Dec. 9, 2022]

### Source

Source: Docket 18334, 54 FR 34292, Aug. 18, 1989, unless otherwise noted.

### Authority

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 40101, 40103, 40105, 40113, 40120, 44101, 44111, 44701, 44704, 44709, 44711, 44712, 44715,44716, 44717, 44722, 44740, 46306, 46315, 46316, 46504, 46506-46507, 47122, 47508,47528-47531, 47534; Pub. L. 112-95, 126 Stat. 11; Pub. L. 114-190, 130 Stat. 615 (49 U.S.C. 44703 note); sec. 828, Pub. L. 118-63, 138 Stat. 1330 (49 U.S.C. 44703 note); articles 12 and 29 of the Convention on International Civil Aviation, 61 Stat. 1180.

### Amendments

[Docket 18334, 54 FR 34292, Aug. 18, 1989, as amended by ; Docket FAA-2022-1355, Amdt. 91-366, 87 FR 75846, Dec. 9, 2022]