---
kind: "range"
citation: "14 C.F.R. §§ 91.1413–91.1443"
title: "14"
from: "91.1413"
to: "91.1443"
count: 14
url: "https://uscodex.org/cfr/14/91.1413..91.1443"
---

# §91.1413. CAMP: Responsibility for airworthiness.

- (a) For aircraft maintained in accordance with a Continuous Airworthiness Maintenance Program, each program manager is primarily responsible for the following:
  - (1) Maintaining the airworthiness of the program aircraft, including airframes, aircraft engines, propellers, rotors, appliances, and parts.
  - (2) **Maintaining its aircraft in accordance with the requirements of this chapter.**
  - (3) Repairing defects that occur between regularly scheduled maintenance required under [part 43](/cfr/14/part43.md) of this chapter.
- (b) **Each program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP must—**
  - (1) **Employ a Director of Maintenance or equivalent position.** The Director of Maintenance must be a certificated mechanic with airframe and powerplant ratings who has responsibility for the maintenance program on all program aircraft maintained under a continuous airworthiness maintenance program. This person cannot also act as Chief Inspector.
  - (2) **Employ a Chief Inspector or equivalent position.** The Chief Inspector must be a certificated mechanic with airframe and powerplant ratings who has overall responsibility for inspection aspects of the CAMP. This person cannot also act as Director of Maintenance.
  - (3) Have the personnel to perform the maintenance of program aircraft, including airframes, aircraft engines, propellers, rotors, appliances, emergency equipment and parts, under its manual and this chapter; or make arrangements with another person for the performance of maintenance. However, the program manager must ensure that any maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alteration that is performed by another person is performed under the program manager's operating manual and this chapter.

# §91.1415. CAMP: Mechanical reliability reports.

- (a) Each program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP must report the occurrence or detection of each failure, malfunction, or defect in an aircraft concerning—
  - (1) Fires during flight and whether the related fire-warning system functioned properly;
  - (2) Fires during flight not protected by related fire-warning system;
  - (3) False fire-warning during flight;
  - (4) An exhaust system that causes damage during flight to the engine, adjacent structure, equipment, or components;
  - (5) An aircraft component that causes accumulation or circulation of smoke, vapor, or toxic or noxious fumes in the crew compartment or passenger cabin during flight;
  - (6) Engine shutdown during flight because of flameout;
  - (7) Engine shutdown during flight when external damage to the engine or aircraft structure occurs;
  - (8) Engine shutdown during flight because of foreign object ingestion or icing;
  - (9) Shutdown of more than one engine during flight;
  - (10) A propeller feathering system or ability of the system to control overspeed during flight;
  - (11) A fuel or fuel-dumping system that affects fuel flow or causes hazardous leakage during flight;
  - (12) An unwanted landing gear extension or retraction or opening or closing of landing gear doors during flight;
  - (13) Brake system components that result in loss of brake actuating force when the aircraft is in motion on the ground;
  - (14) Aircraft structure that requires major repair;
  - (15) Cracks, permanent deformation, or corrosion of aircraft structures, if more than the maximum acceptable to the manufacturer or the FAA; and
  - (16) Aircraft components or systems that result in taking emergency actions during flight (except action to shut down an engine).
- (b) For the purpose of this section, during flight means the period from the moment the aircraft leaves the surface of the earth on takeoff until it touches down on landing.
- (c) In addition to the reports required by [paragraph (a)](#a) of this section, each program manager must report any other failure, malfunction, or defect in an aircraft that occurs or is detected at any time if, in the manager's opinion, the failure, malfunction, or defect has endangered or may endanger the safe operation of the aircraft.
- (d) Each program manager must send each report required by this section, in writing, covering each 24-hour period beginning at 0900 hours local time of each day and ending at 0900 hours local time on the next day to the Flight Standards office that issued the program manager's management specifications. Each report of occurrences during a 24-hour period must be mailed or transmitted to that office within the next 72 hours. However, a report that is due on Saturday or Sunday may be mailed or transmitted on the following Monday and one that is due on a holiday may be mailed or transmitted on the next workday. For aircraft operated in areas where mail is not collected, reports may be mailed or transmitted within 72 hours after the aircraft returns to a point where the mail is collected.
- (e) The program manager must transmit the reports required by this section on a form and in a manner prescribed by the Administrator, and must include as much of the following as is available:
  - (1) **The type and identification number of the aircraft.**
  - (2) **The name of the program manager.**
  - (3) **The date.**
  - (4) **The nature of the failure, malfunction, or defect.**
  - (5) Identification of the part and system involved, including available information pertaining to type designation of the major component and time since last overhaul, if known.
  - (6) Apparent cause of the failure, malfunction or defect (for example, wear, crack, design deficiency, or personnel error).
  - (7) Other pertinent information necessary for more complete identification, determination of seriousness, or corrective action.
- (f) A program manager that is also the holder of a type certificate (including a supplemental type certificate), a Parts Manufacturer Approval, or a Technical Standard Order Authorization, or that is the licensee of a type certificate need not report a failure, malfunction, or defect under this section if the failure, malfunction, or defect has been reported by it under [§ 21.3](/cfr/14/21.3.md) of this chapter or under the accident reporting provisions of [part 830](/cfr/14/part830.md) of the regulations of the National Transportation Safety Board.
- (g) No person may withhold a report required by this section even when not all information required by this section is available.
- (h) When the program manager receives additional information, including information from the manufacturer or other agency, concerning a report required by this section, the program manager must expeditiously submit it as a supplement to the first report and reference the date and place of submission of the first report.

# §91.1417. CAMP: Mechanical interruption summary report.


Each program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP must mail or deliver, before the end of the 10th day of the following month, a summary report of the following occurrences in multiengine aircraft for the preceding month to the Flight Standards office that issued the management specifications:

- (a) Each interruption to a flight, unscheduled change of aircraft en route, or unscheduled stop or diversion from a route, caused by known or suspected mechanical difficulties or malfunctions that are not required to be reported under [§ 91.1415](/cfr/14/91.1415.md).
- (b) The number of propeller featherings in flight, listed by type of propeller and engine and aircraft on which it was installed. Propeller featherings for training, demonstration, or flight check purposes need not be reported.

# §91.1423. CAMP: Maintenance organization.

- (a) Each program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP that has its personnel perform any of its maintenance (other than required inspections), preventive maintenance, or alterations, and each person with whom it arranges for the performance of that work, must have an organization adequate to perform the work.
- (b) Each program manager who has personnel perform any inspections required by the program manager's manual under [§ 91.1427(b)](/cfr/14/91.1427.md?p=b) (2) or (3), (in this subpart referred to as required inspections), and each person with whom the program manager arranges for the performance of that work, must have an organization adequate to perform that work.
- (c) Each person performing required inspections in addition to other maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations, must organize the performance of those functions so as to separate the required inspection functions from the other maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alteration functions. The separation must be below the level of administrative control at which overall responsibility for the required inspection functions and other maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations is exercised.

# §91.1425. CAMP: Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration programs.


Each program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP must have an inspection program and a program covering other maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations that ensures that—

- (a) Maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations performed by its personnel, or by other persons, are performed under the program manager's manual;
- (b) Competent personnel and adequate facilities and equipment are provided for the proper performance of maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations; and
- (c) Each aircraft released to service is airworthy and has been properly maintained for operation under this part.

# §91.1427. CAMP: Manual requirements.

- (a) Each program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP must put in the operating manual the chart or description of the program manager's organization required by [§ 91.1423](/cfr/14/91.1423.md) and a list of persons with whom it has arranged for the performance of any of its required inspections, and other maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations, including a general description of that work.
- (b) Each program manager must put in the operating manual the programs required by [§ 91.1425](/cfr/14/91.1425.md) that must be followed in performing maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations of that program manager's aircraft, including airframes, aircraft engines, propellers, rotors, appliances, emergency equipment, and parts, and must include at least the following:
  - (1) The method of performing routine and nonroutine maintenance (other than required inspections), preventive maintenance, or alterations.
  - (2) A designation of the items of maintenance and alteration that must be inspected (required inspections) including at least those that could result in a failure, malfunction, or defect endangering the safe operation of the aircraft, if not performed properly or if improper parts or materials are used.
  - (3) The method of performing required inspections and a designation by occupational title of personnel authorized to perform each required inspection.
  - (4) Procedures for the reinspection of work performed under previous required inspection findings (buy-back procedures).
  - (5) Procedures, standards, and limits necessary for required inspections and acceptance or rejection of the items required to be inspected and for periodic inspection and calibration of precision tools, measuring devices, and test equipment.
  - (6) **Procedures to ensure that all required inspections are performed.**
  - (7) Instructions to prevent any person who performs any item of work from performing any required inspection of that work.
  - (8) Instructions and procedures to prevent any decision of an inspector regarding any required inspection from being countermanded by persons other than supervisory personnel of the inspection unit, or a person at the level of administrative control that has overall responsibility for the management of both the required inspection functions and the other maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations functions.
  - (9) Procedures to ensure that maintenance (including required inspections), preventive maintenance, or alterations that are not completed because of work interruptions are properly completed before the aircraft is released to service.
- (c) Each program manager must put in the manual a suitable system (which may include an electronic or coded system) that provides for the retention of the following information—
  - (1) A description (or reference to data acceptable to the Administrator) of the work performed;
  - (2) The name of the person performing the work if the work is performed by a person outside the organization of the program manager; and
  - (3) **The name or other positive identification of the individual approving the work.**
- (d) For the purposes of this part, the program manager must prepare that part of its manual containing maintenance information and instructions, in whole or in part, in a format acceptable to the Administrator, that is retrievable in the English language.

# §91.1429. CAMP: Required inspection personnel.

- (a) No person who maintains an aircraft under a CAMP may use any person to perform required inspections unless the person performing the inspection is appropriately certificated, properly trained, qualified, and authorized to do so.
- (b) No person may allow any person to perform a required inspection unless, at the time the work was performed, the person performing that inspection is under the supervision and control of the chief inspector.
- (c) No person may perform a required inspection if that person performed the item of work required to be inspected.
- (d) Each program manager must maintain, or must ensure that each person with whom it arranges to perform required inspections maintains, a current listing of persons who have been trained, qualified, and authorized to conduct required inspections. The persons must be identified by name, occupational title, and the inspections that they are authorized to perform. The program manager (or person with whom it arranges to perform its required inspections) must give written information to each person so authorized, describing the extent of that person's responsibilities, authorities, and inspectional limitations. The list must be made available for inspection by the Administrator upon request.

# §91.1431. CAMP: Continuing analysis and surveillance.

- (a) Each program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP must establish and maintain a system for the continuing analysis and surveillance of the performance and effectiveness of its inspection program and the program covering other maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations and for the correction of any deficiency in those programs, regardless of whether those programs are carried out by employees of the program manager or by another person.
- (b) Whenever the Administrator finds that the programs described in [paragraph (a)](#a) of this section does not contain adequate procedures and standards to meet this part, the program manager must, after notification by the Administrator, make changes in those programs requested by the Administrator.
- (c) A program manager may petition the Administrator to reconsider the notice to make a change in a program. The petition must be filed with the Executive Director, Flight Standards Service, within 30 days after the program manager receives the notice. Except in the case of an emergency requiring immediate action in the interest of safety, the filing of the petition stays the notice pending a decision by the Administrator.

# §91.1433. CAMP: Maintenance and preventive maintenance training program.


Each program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP or a person performing maintenance or preventive maintenance functions for it must have a training program to ensure that each person (including inspection personnel) who determines the adequacy of work done is fully informed about procedures and techniques and new equipment in use and is competent to perform that person's duties.


# §91.1435. CAMP: Certificate requirements.

- (a) Except for maintenance, preventive maintenance, alterations, and required inspections performed by repair stations located outside the United States certificated under the provisions of [part 145](/cfr/14/part145.md) of this chapter, each person who is directly in charge of maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations for a CAMP, and each person performing required inspections for a CAMP must hold an appropriate airman certificate.
- (b) For the purpose of this section, a person “directly in charge” is each person assigned to a position in which that person is responsible for the work of a shop or station that performs maintenance, preventive maintenance, alterations, or other functions affecting airworthiness. A person who is directly in charge need not physically observe and direct each worker constantly but must be available for consultation and decision on matters requiring instruction or decision from higher authority than that of the person performing the work.

# §91.1437. CAMP: Authority to perform and approve maintenance.


A program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP may employ maintenance personnel, or make arrangements with other persons to perform maintenance and preventive maintenance as provided in its maintenance manual. Unless properly certificated, the program manager may not perform or approve maintenance for return to service.


# §91.1439. CAMP: Maintenance recording requirements.

- (a) Each program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP must keep (using the system specified in the manual required in [§ 91.1427](/cfr/14/91.1427.md)) the following records for the periods specified in [paragraph (b)](#b) of this section:
  - (1) All the records necessary to show that all requirements for the issuance of an airworthiness release under [§ 91.1443](/cfr/14/91.1443.md) have been met.
  - (2) **Records containing the following information—**
    - (i) **The total time in service of the airframe, engine, propeller, and rotor.**
    - (ii) **The current status of life-limited parts of each airframe, engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance.**
    - (iii) The time since last overhaul of each item installed on the aircraft that are required to be overhauled on a specified time basis.
    - (iv) The identification of the current inspection status of the aircraft, including the time since the last inspections required by the inspection program under which the aircraft and its appliances are maintained.
    - (v) The current status of applicable airworthiness directives, including the date and methods of compliance, and, if the airworthiness directive involves recurring action, the time and date when the next action is required.
    - (vi) A list of current major alterations and repairs to each airframe, engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance.
- (b) Each program manager must retain the records required to be kept by this section for the following periods:
  - (1) Except for the records of the last complete overhaul of each airframe, engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance the records specified in [paragraph (a)(1)](#a-1) of this section must be retained until the work is repeated or superseded by other work or for one year after the work is performed.
  - (2) The records of the last complete overhaul of each airframe, engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance must be retained until the work is superseded by work of equivalent scope and detail.
  - (3) The records specified in [paragraph (a)(2)](#a-2) of this section must be retained as specified unless transferred with the aircraft at the time the aircraft is sold.
- (c) The program manager must make all maintenance records required to be kept by this section available for inspection by the Administrator or any representative of the National Transportation Safety Board.

# §91.1441. CAMP: Transfer of maintenance records.


When a U.S.-registered fractional ownership program aircraft maintained under a CAMP is removed from the list of program aircraft in the management specifications, the program manager must transfer to the purchaser, at the time of the sale, the following records of that aircraft, in plain language form or in coded form that provides for the preservation and retrieval of information in a manner acceptable to the Administrator:

- (a) The records specified in [§ 91.1439(a)(2)](/cfr/14/91.1439.md?p=a-2).
- (b) The records specified in [§ 91.1439(a)(1)](/cfr/14/91.1439.md?p=a-1) that are not included in the records covered by [paragraph (a)](#a) of this section, except that the purchaser may allow the program manager to keep physical custody of such records. However, custody of records by the program manager does not relieve the purchaser of its responsibility under [§ 91.1439(c)](/cfr/14/91.1439.md?p=c) to make the records available for inspection by the Administrator or any representative of the National Transportation Safety Board.

# §91.1443. CAMP: Airworthiness release or aircraft maintenance log entry.

- (a) No program aircraft maintained under a CAMP may be operated after maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations are performed unless qualified, certificated personnel employed by the program manager prepare, or cause the person with whom the program manager arranges for the performance of the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations, to prepare—
  - (1) An airworthiness release; or
  - (2) **An appropriate entry in the aircraft maintenance log.**
- (b) **The airworthiness release or log entry required by paragraph (a) of this section must—**
  - (1) Be prepared in accordance with the procedure in the program manager's manual;
  - (2) **Include a certification that—**
    - (i) The work was performed in accordance with the requirements of the program manager's manual;
    - (ii) All items required to be inspected were inspected by an authorized person who determined that the work was satisfactorily completed;
    - (iii) No known condition exists that would make the aircraft unairworthy;
    - (iv) So far as the work performed is concerned, the aircraft is in condition for safe operation; and
  - (3) **Be signed by an authorized certificated mechanic.**
- (c) Notwithstanding [paragraph (b)(3)](#b-3) of this section, after maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations performed by a repair station certificated under the provisions of [part 145](/cfr/14/part145.md) of this chapter, the approval for return to service or log entry required by [paragraph (a)](#a) of this section may be signed by a person authorized by that repair station.
- (d) Instead of restating each of the conditions of the certification required by [paragraph (b)](#b) of this section, the program manager may state in its manual that the signature of an authorized certificated mechanic or repairman constitutes that certification.