---
kind: "section"
citation: "14 C.F.R. § 25.1303"
title: "14"
number: "25.1303"
heading: "Flight and navigation instruments."
url: "https://uscodex.org/cfr/14/25.1303"
---

# §25.1303. Flight and navigation instruments.

- (a) The following flight and navigation instruments must be installed so that the instrument is visible from each pilot station:
  - (1) A free air temperature indicator or an air-temperature indicator which provides indications that are convertible to free-air temperature.
  - (2) **A clock displaying hours, minutes, and seconds with a sweep-second pointer or digital presentation.**
  - (3) **A direction indicator (nonstabilized magnetic compass).**
- (b) The following flight and navigation instruments must be installed at each pilot station:
  - (1) **An airspeed indicator.** If airspeed limitations vary with altitude, the indicator must have a maximum allowable airspeed indicator showing the variation of VMO with altitude.
  - (2) **An altimeter (sensitive).**
  - (3) **A rate-of-climb indicator (vertical speed).**
  - (4) A gyroscopic rate-of-turn indicator combined with an integral slip-skid indicator (turn-and-bank indicator) except that only a slip-skid indicator is required on large airplanes with a third attitude instrument system useable through flight attitudes of 360° of pitch and roll and installed in accordance with [§ 121.305(k)](/cfr/14/121.305.md?p=k) of this title.
  - (5) **A bank and pitch indicator (gyroscopically stabilized).**
  - (6) **A direction indicator (gyroscopically stabilized, magnetic or nonmagnetic).**
- (c) **The following flight and navigation instruments are required as prescribed in this paragraph—**
  - (1) A speed warning device is required for turbine engine powered airplanes and for airplanes with VMO/MMO greater than 0.8 VDF/MDF or 0.8 V D/MD. The speed warning device must give effective aural warning (differing distinctively from aural warnings used for other purposes) to the pilots, whenever the speed exceeds VMO plus 6 knots or MMO + 0.01. The upper limit of the production tolerance for the warning device may not exceed the prescribed warning speed.
  - (2) A machmeter is required at each pilot station for airplanes with compressibility limitations not otherwise indicated to the pilot by the airspeed indicating system required under [paragraph (b)(1)](#b-1) of this section.

## Notes

### Amendments

[Amdt. 25-23, 35 FR 5678, Apr. 8, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 25-24, 35 FR 7108, May 6, 1970; Amdt. 25-38, 41 FR 55467, Dec. 20, 1976; Amdt. 25-90, 62 FR 13253, Mar. 19, 1997]

### Authority

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702 and 44704; Pub. L. 115-254, 132 Stat 3281 (49 U.S.C. 44903 note).

### Source

Source: Docket No. 5066, 29 FR 18291, Dec. 24, 1964, unless otherwise noted.

### Amendments

[Amdt. 25-23, 35 FR 5678, Apr. 8, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 25-24, 35 FR 7108, May 6, 1970; Amdt. 25-38, 41 FR 55467, Dec. 20, 1976; Amdt. 25-90, 62 FR 13253, Mar. 19, 1997]