---
kind: "section"
citation: "14 C.F.R. § 194.103"
title: "14"
number: "194.103"
heading: "Definitions."
url: "https://uscodex.org/cfr/14/194.103"
---

# §194.103. Definitions.


For the purpose of this part:

Aviation Safety Inspector means a pilot employed by the FAA to conduct operations of a powered-lift for the purpose of establishing a type rating in that particular powered-lift under [part 21](/cfr/14/part21.md) of this chapter, as appropriate.

Extended over-water operation means a powered-lift operation over water at a horizontal distance of more than 50 nautical miles from the nearest shoreline and more than 50 nautical miles from an off-shore heliport structure under part [91](/cfr/14/part91.md) or [135](/cfr/14/part135.md) of this chapter.

FAA test pilot means a pilot employed by the FAA to conduct operations of a powered-lift for the purpose of FAA examination or inspection of a type design for which an application for type certification has been submitted under [part 21](/cfr/14/part21.md) of this chapter.

Heliport means an area of land, water, or structure used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of helicopters and powered-lift.

Instructor pilot means a pilot employed or used by a manufacturer of a powered-lift to conduct operations of the powered-lift for the purpose of developing a proposed training curriculum and providing crew training.

Manufacturer means any person who holds, or is an applicant for, a type or production certificate for an aircraft. An amateur builder under [§ 21.191(g)](/cfr/14/21.191.md?p=g) of this chapter, builder of a kit aircraft under [§ 21.191(h)](/cfr/14/21.191.md?p=h) of this chapter, or the holder of a restricted category type certificate are not considered manufacturers for the purpose of this part.

Test pilot means a pilot employed or used by a manufacturer of a powered-lift to conduct operations of the powered-lift for the purpose of research and development and showing compliance with this chapter.

Vertical-lift flight mode means a mode of flight where a powered-lift:

- (1) Is in a configuration that allows vertical takeoff, vertical landing, and low-speed flight; and
- (2) **Depends principally on engine-driven lift devices or engine thrust for lift.** Wing-borne flight mode means a mode of flight where a powered-lift is not operating in the vertical-lift flight mode as defined and depends exclusively or partially on nonrotating airfoil(s) for lift during takeoff, landing, or horizontal flight.

## Notes

### Authority

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7572; 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 40113, 44701-44705, 44707, 44712, 44713, 44715, 44716, and 44722; Sec. 955 of Pub. L. 118-63.

### Source

Source: Docket FAA-2023-1275, Amdt. 194-1, 89 FR 92489, Nov. 21, 2024, unless otherwise noted.